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39
February 2019 Section Meeting HMI Usability and Performance ISA TR101.02

Transcript of February 2019 Section Meeting - WordPress.com...351 25 6.0 21 0.45 0.9 200 90 F. in.H2O A2ID Stall...

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February 2019Section Meeting

HMI Usability and PerformanceISA TR101.02

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Thank You to All of Our Sponsors!

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Upcoming Section Events

March 12 – Virtualization in Industrial Automation – Sponsored by Champion Technology Services

April 2 – Compressor Surge Modeling and Control – Guest Speaker Greg McMillan

May 7 – Section Tour – Michelli Calibration Lab – Lunch, Tour, Presentation, and Demonstrations

May 31 – Exhibition and Symposium – Hilton Garden Inn Convention Center

June 1 – District 7 Leadership Conference – Hilton Garden Inn Convention Center

Control System Engineering PE Review Course - TBD

Check for updates and register to attend events at https://neworleansisa.org/events/

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ISA Technical Report 101.02HMI Usability and Performance

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ISA 101 Committee

Committee formed in 2006 to establish standards, recommended practices, and/or technical reports for designing, implementing, using, and/or managing human machine interfaces in process automation applications

ANSI/ISA-101.01-2015 Human Machine Interfaces for Process Automation Systems• Approved July 9, 2015

Over 300 Voting Members • Integrator, Engineering & Construction 35%• End User 27%• Vendor/Supplier 25%• General (Academic, Government, Consultant etc.) 13%

• Worldwide participation in review process

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The Purpose of ISA 101

Address the design, implementation, and maintenance of human machine interfaces (HMIs) for process automation systems, to:

• Provide guidance to design, build, and maintain HMIs which result in more effective and efficient control of the process, in both normal and abnormal situations

• Improve the user’s abilities to detect, diagnose, and properly respond to abnormal situations

• Look at the HMI holistically – not just the display

Standards are the “What”Technical Reports and Recommended Practices are the “How”

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Who Cares About HMI Standards

Users• Responsible for safe and productive operation of equipment and facility• Live with the HMI and support it for it’s lifetime

Integrators, Designers, Engineers• Design and build the HMI applications • Commission the HMI, and the associated process

Suppliers• Develop the software and hardware needed to build the HMI• Develop the interfaces/drivers needed for an HMI to transfer data and information

to and from multiple sources

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ISA 101 Working Groups

WG1 - HMI Philosophy & Style Guide Development• This technical report will describe example applications of the Philosophy and Style Guide to

various Process Automation Systems use cases, and will be platform independent (41 members)• Co-chairs; David Lee and Lothar Lang

WG2 – HMI Usability and Performance• This technical report(s) will be used to assess the effectiveness of the HMI application, and how

the use of the standard will assist in improving related metrics (29 members)• Co-chairs; David Board and Ruth Schiedermayer

WG3 – HMI for Mobile Devices• Develop technical report(s) to evaluate and define the use of mobile devices as HMI stations and

how to effectively implement an HMI for use on a mobile device (21 members)• Co-chairs; Mark Nixon and Peder Brandt

WG4 – HMI for On-Machine Applications• Develop technical report(s) to effectively implement a machine-level HMI utilizing an operator

interface terminal• Co-chairs; Arlen Jacobs and David Board

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ISA TR101.02 Content

1 – Scope2 – References3 – Definition of terms and acronyms4 – HMI usability and performance 5 – Usability6 – Performance7 – HMI EffectivenessAnnex A (Informative) – HMI effectiveness measurementsAnnex B (Informative) – A case study of effective HMI design for increasing usability

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HMI Lifecycle

DESIGNSYSTEM STANDARDS

OPERATEIMPLEMENT

CONTINUOUS WORK PROCESSES

Continuous Improvement

RE

VIE

W

Philosophy

Style Guide

Toolkits

In Service

Maintain

Decommission

Continuous Improvement

Build Displays

Build Console

Test

Train

Commission

Verification

Console Design

HMI System Design

User, Task, Functional

Requirements

Display Design

New DisplayDisplay Changes

New SystemMajor Changes

ENTRYENTRY

MOC Audit Validation

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Example testing of HMI modifications

Method 1: Newly created/modified displays available only on the engineering console.

Operators are directed to familiarize themselves with the modified displays on the engineering console.After familiarization and any corrections made based on feedback, the modified displays replace theversions on the operator’s console.

Method 2: Newly created/modified and renamed version of displays available only on the operator's console.

Limit access to these by requiring that they be called up via direct name entry rather than incorporationinto the HMI navigation, or make them selectable in a secured access "TEST" section of the HMInavigation. Direct the operators to use these graphics for testing and familiarization. When completed,delete the original displays and rename the modified ones to those original names, thus ensuring theirproper access in the existing HMI navigation and links to other displays.

Method 3: Prior to deployment, newly created/modified displays only available on a training system.

In some cases, testing, familiarization, and operator training is carried out on a system completelyseparate and isolated from the actual process to avoid any chance of the testing affecting the process.For thorough testing, simulation of the process is possible.

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Usability – HMI Design - Color

8% of men and 0.5% of women are red-green color impaired

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High Contrast Color and Redundant Coding

Use of color should be standardized for certain functions (ie Red forAlarms and Yellow for Warnings)

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Effective Displays

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Effective Displays

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Effective Displays

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Effective Displays

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Radar Chart Examples

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Startup and Inhibitors Table / Checklist

The main points that make this figure a good table forimparting information are as follows:

a) conditions requiring action are differentiated andhighlighted;

b) conditions that are resolved are grayed out makingit easier to sense progress;

c) good alignment of condition status texts improvesreadability;

d) consistent vertical padding in rows increasesreadability; and

e) descriptions are left justified and use mixed-casetext to improve readability.

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Startup and Inhibitors Table / Checklist

The main points that make this figure a good table forindicating equipment states are as follows:

a) increased reading dynamic by grouping A2 items and B2items on separate rows;

b) limited grid formatting with a low contrast line separator;c) generous margins, padding and spacing which increases

readability; andd) abnormal equipment status notification is provided by

redundant means. In the example in Figure 16 the colorof the square encompassing the equipment, the numberand the symbol clearly indicate where an abnormalcondition is and its severity.

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Clear Messaging Methods

When showing information to the operator in text form, thetext should be legible from the expected operator position(s).

Invisible states that appear to the operator only on specificcontexts should be avoided.

The operator should be able to fully confirm the current stateanytime, meaning that an invisible object cannot represent astate (since it cannot be differentiated from no object at all).

Example:BLOWN FUSE visible and highlighted to indicate a blownfuse and not visible to indicate normal state is incorrect.Text should read BLOWN FUSE to indicate a blown fuse andFUSE OK to indicate normal state.

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Trend Examples

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Trend Examples

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Trend Recommendations

Trends make use of color todistinguish between several valuesbeing trended. The complexity ofthe trend display can be managedby the following recommendations:

a) no greater than 12 traces pertrend;

b) ability to distinguish traces byway of symbols and/or ability to"hide" and "show" specific traceswithout deleting the trace; and

c) ensure color choices for tracesdo not compete with the otherpotential 11 traces on the trend,nor the background color of thetrend.

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Level 1 Display – Overview of the operator’s entire span of control

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Level 1 Display – Overview of the operator’s entire span of control

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Level 1 Display – Overview of the operator’s entire span of control

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Level 2 Display – Primary operating display during normal operations

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Level 3 Display – Process diagnostics and task execution support

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Level 4 Display – Diagnostic, informational displays, and faceplates

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Level 4 Display – Diagnostic, informational displays, and faceplates

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Recommended HMI Performance TimesRecommended Times (all units in seconds unless otherwise stated)

HMI CategoryMetric Display Type Machine Control Small System Process System SCADA System RTU System

Call Up Time

Level 1, 4 1 3 5 5 5Level 2, 3 1 2 2 2 5Faceplate 1 1 1 1 3Yoking n/a 4 4 4 10Real-time trend

5 5 5 5 5

Historical trend5-15 5-15 5-15 5-15 5-15

Display Refresh Rate

Level 1, 4 <1 2 5 5 5Level 2, 3 <1 2 5 5 5Faceplate <1 2 3 3 5Yoking n/a 2 5 5 5Real-time trend

<1 1 1 1 1

Historical trend5-15 5-15 5-15 5-15 5-15

Write Time Applies to all display types 1 1 1 1

Based on communication schedule and bandwidth

Write Refresh Time Applies to all display types

3 5 5 5

Based on network topology

<5 minutes for very large systems

Access to alarm displays

Alarm summary1 1 1 1 1

Alarm lists such as suppressed alarms

2 5 5 5 5

Navigation

Critical displays1-2 clicks 1-2 clicks 1-2 clicks 1-2 clicks 1-2 clicks

Non-critical displays3 clicks 3 clicks 3 clicks 3 clicks 3 clicks

Alarm summary1 click 1 click 1 click 1 click 1 click

System diagnostics1-2 clicks 1-2 clicks 1-2 clicks 1-2 clicks 1-2 clicks

System state changes

Switching operators5 5 5 5 5

Runtime language change 2 2 2 2 2

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Assessing HMI Effectiveness

Methods that could be used to assess or measure the HMI effectiveness include:a) operator performance;b) key performance metrics;c) situation awareness measurement;d) operator response time;e) operator stress level;f) how frequently the assessment of effectiveness should be carried out; andg) questionnaires and social surveys.

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Annex B – A case study of effective HMI design for increasing usability

1990 Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI) Simulator• No graphic hierarchy• No overview• Many controller elements are not

shown on any of the existing graphics• Numbers and digital states are

presented inconsistently• Poor graphic space utilization• Inconsistent selectability of numbers

and elements• Poor color choices, overuse, and

inconsistencies • Bright red and yellow used for

normal conditions• Poor interlock depiction• No trends are implemented, “trend-

on-demand” rarely used by the operators

• Alarm conditions generally not indicated on graphics – even if the value is a precursor to an automated action

• Existing Overview

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Annex B – Level 1 System Overview

AD-ONPULVStatus

A2 CWP

B2 CWPE-ONC-ONF-OFF

H-ONA-OFFG-ON

Alarms

E

B

F

C

G

D

H

PUMPS ANDFANS

Pump Status

ON

ON

A2 HWP

B2 HWPON

OFF

C2 HWP

SUBFPON

ON

A2BFPT

B2BFPTON

ON

A2 ECW

B2 ECWON

ON

Fan StatusA2 FDON

ON

B2 FD

B2 IDON

ON

A2 PA

B2 PAON

ONA2 ID

7.1

A/F Ratio

9.4

BBDpH

9.4

EconpH

Boiler

775

Econ GasOut °F

300 -0.5

Aux Stmpsig

25 25 7.0Auto

351

25 6.0 21 0.45 0.9 200 90

F. in.H2OA2IDStall

A2FDStall

Fans B2IDStall

B2FDStall

Econ% O2

Sec Airin. H2O % Opac

NOX#/MMBTU

SO2#/MMBTU

CEMS COppm

Inst Airpsig

702.1 640.1 -5.2

MVARTurbine-GeneratorGross MW

60.00 0.2 0.2

LPT-Ain.hg

49.1 3.13.1 20.1 -0.5 9.0

H2psig

H2°F

Turb Oil°F

StatorGPM

Condenser-Feed WtrA2 BPFT B2BPFT

Drum LvlIn. H2O

HW Lvlin.H2O

DA Lvlin.H2O

DA WideFT H2O

Cond Hdrpsig

104 115Auto Auto

Net MW HZLPT-Bin.hg

400Auto

0.0Auto

25

B-ON

05-31-1413:22:07

Unit 2Overview

1

Total Alarms

0

5

80

-450

-15 1 HR

50005000

15

SteamKLBH4100

Fd WtrKLBH4580

DrumLvl in.

-0.5

-30 -15

0

-450

-5 1 HR

75001250

5

AirKLBH5820Coal

KLBH980

FurnPres-0.5

-30 -15

600

-45600

0 1 HR

120012003000

Steam°F

990Reheat

°F1005

Steampsig2400

-30 -153

2

2

2

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Annex B – Level 2 Pulverizer Control GraphicThree to One

05-31-2012 11:13:55PULVERIZER A – Level 2

5.9AUTO

10.082%

GAS PSI

40

140

“A” Coal Flow KLB/HR

2 Hrs

“A” C/A Temperature

135AUTO

13071.2%0

200

2 Hrs

“A” Primary Air Flow KLB/HR

120

220

2 Hrs

“A” Sec. Air Flow (Total)

400

900

2 Hrs

Any Seal Air blower stopped

No coal on feeder belt

Any Pulv group trip not reset

Lube oil press low

Flame det clg air press lo

Flame detectedMin boiler A.F. required

LTR atom air press low

Pulv seal air dif f press low

Feeder inlet gate not open

LTR oil press low or HDR VLV not open

All PA fans stopped or PAH stopped

Sequence Blocked By:

Diff-P

72.1AUTO

70.070.1%

H.Dmp %Amps

50.0CAS

49.0%48.0%

Damper %

31.0AUTO

30.027.8%

C.Dmp %

Start Pulv

Start Feeder

Pulv Tmp to Auto

Rel Sec Air

Stop Ltrs

Rel Pul DmdReady

Ready

Open Swg Vlvs

IG HDR VENT

10.7 45

50%CAS50%56%

N Damp S. Damp

Ready

Ready

Ready

Ready

DoneStatus

Begin Sequence

Sec Air to L.O.

Start Ltrs.

Pulv Grp Dmd

Start PA Flow

OPENOPENOPENOPENOPENOPENSWG Valves

NORMMNT-BNORMNORMNORMNORMMaint Mode

OFFOFFOFFOFFOFFOFF

ON

A7A6A5A3A2A1Flame

Main Flame

IgniterFlame

Fuel Type:Gas-1

90

30 30 30 30 30 30

DoneStatus

Air-N Air-S

XX

X

50%CAS50%42%

312 312

88 90 91 91 94ON ON ON ON ON

113.0AUTO115.0

75.0%

KLBH

205.0AUTO200.0

65.0%

615.2AUTO600.0

60.0%

Flow

X

Ready

HOLD

PTR Status OK

Flame Status OK

Trip Status OKCLOSED

IG GAS TRIP CLOSED

IG OIL TRIP CLOSED

BURNER VENT CLOSED

KLBH °F

Main Menu Runback 1/2 L3 Feeder BPulvOverview L3 Flame L3 Gas C D E F G H

PULV “A”Group Trip

PULV “A”Trip Valves

PULV “A”Start Sequence Status: STARTING STOP

Reserved Faceplate

Zone

When any item on the screen is selected, the faceplate for that item appears in this reserved area.

All control manipulation is accomplished through the standardized faceplates.

RESET

RESET

RESET

Open SwgValves

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Annex B – Abnormal Situation Graphic

• The operator response for many abnormal plant situations is to cut rates by half, from 700MW to 350MW. Called a “runback,” this is a complicated and stressful procedure that takes about 20 minutes to accomplish. If done incorrectly or if important parameters are missed, the plant can fall to zero output.

• One of the main purposes of the simulator was to periodically re-train the operators for this situation. The operators have to use more than a dozen of the existing graphics to accomplish the task, involving a lot of navigation activity around screen callups and dismissals, along with control manipulation.

• The case study created special graphics specifically designed to assist in this task. Specific abnormal situation detection and response graphics are an important element of a High Performance HMI.

11-13-2012 14:22:09

Gross MW562

700

600

350

300

750

-0.50

30005

20 Min

MainSteam

psig2400

Furn Pres

in.H2O-0.5

20 Min

0

8

20 Min

In.hg

LPT-A3.2

LPT-B3.0

In.hg

UNIT 2: RUNBACK Graphic 1

Sec Airin.H2O

EconO2 %

Aux Stmpsig

Gross MW 562

TRICON DEMAND:

ACS DEMAND:

100.0%

100.0%Input new ACS DEMAND or use buttons:

90.0%

TRICON LOAD RATE:

VERYFAST

TURBINE MASTER MAN

TURBINE FOLLOW

BOILER FOLLOW

COORD CONTROL

CONSTANT PRESSURE

VARIABLE PRESSURE

75001020

20 min000

Econ O2%

5.0

Sec Air

in.H2O7.0

AirKLBH7400

400

Reserved Faceplate Zone

When any item on the screen is selected, the faceplate for that item appears in this reserved area.

All control manipulation is accomplished through the standardized faceplates.

Main Menu Runback 2 BPulv Overview C D E F G HA

7.1

0.2 0.2

LPT-Ain.hg

LPT-Bin.hg

300

Turb-X1Mills

300

Turb-X2Mills

10

DrumTop>Bot °F

3.1 3.1

A2BPFT

B2BPFT

-0.5

Furnin. H2O

3001000

ReheatdegF

10002400

Main SteamdegFpsig

5.07.0

A/FRatio

Auto7.050%

Auto5.050%

Boiler Master

65.12402

FuelMaster

Auto220050%

Auto65.048%

DecreaseLoad

IncreaseLoad

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What’s wrong with this display?

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