Feather-Yuba River Interactions and Management Implications Yuba River... · 6/12/2013 · DPD...
Transcript of Feather-Yuba River Interactions and Management Implications Yuba River... · 6/12/2013 · DPD...
Feather-Yuba River Interactions and Management Implications
June 12, 2013
Yuba Accord River Management Team 5th Annual Symposium
CALIFORNIA’S CENTRAL VALLEY Historic and Current Available Habitat
Source: NMFS 2009
2
Historic
2,183 stream miles
Current
1,126 stream miles
Feather-Yuba Interactions
Data Deficient
Extinct Low Risk
Moderate Risk
Not an Independent Population
Source: Lindley et al. 2007
LOWER YUBA RIVER Daguerre Point Dam and the Goldfields
3 Feather-Yuba Interactions
Fixed Date Approach
4
CHINOOK SALMON PASSING DAGUERRE POINT DAM
Vaki Counts 2004-2010
Feather-Yuba Interactions
5
CHINOOK SALMON PASSING DAGUERRE POINT DAM
Vaki Counts 2011
7/14
Feather-Yuba Interactions
Variable Date Approach 2004-2005 8/1/04
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
3/1 4/1 5/1 6/1 7/1 8/1 9/1 10/1 11/1 12/1 1/1 2/1 3/1
No. o
f Fish
Date
2004 Chinook SalmonPassing Daguerre PointDamSpring-run ChinookSalmon PredictedLogisticFall-run ChinookSalmon PredictedLogistic
Chinook salmon = 5,927 fish
8/24/05
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
3/1 4/1 5/1 6/1 7/1 8/1 9/1 10/1 11/1 12/1 1/1 2/1 3/1
No. o
f Fish
Date
2005 Chinook SalmonPassing Daguerre PointDam
Spring-run ChinookSalmon PredictedLogistic
Fall-run ChinookSalmon PredictedLogistic
Chinook salmon = 11,374 fish
6
CHINOOK SALMON Spring- and Fall-run Differentiation
Feather-Yuba Interactions
Variable Date Approach 2006-2007 9/6/06
0
50
100
150
200
250
3/1 4/1 5/1 6/1 7/1 8/1 9/1 10/1 11/1 12/1 1/1 2/1 3/1
No. o
f Fish
Date
2006 Chinook SalmonPassing Daguerre PointDam
Spring-run ChinookSalmon PredictedLogistic
Fall-run Chinook SalmonPredicted Logistic
Chinook salmon = 5,203 fish
9/4/07
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
3/1 4/1 5/1 6/1 7/1 8/1 9/1 10/1 11/1 12/1 1/1 2/1
No. o
f Fish
Date
2007 Chinook SalmonPassing DaguerrePoint Dam
Spring-run ChinookSalmon PredictedLogistic
Fall-run ChinookSalmon PredictedLogistic
Chinook salmon = 1,394 fish
7
CHINOOK SALMON Spring- and Fall-run Differentiation
Feather-Yuba Interactions
Variable Date Approach 2008-2009 8/10/08
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
3/1 4/1 5/1 6/1 7/1 8/1 9/1 10/1 11/1 12/1 1/1 2/1 3/1
No. o
f Fis
h
Date
2008 Chinook SalmonPassing DaguerrePoint Dam
Spring-run ChinookSalmon PredictedLogistic
Fall-run ChinookSalmon PredictedLogistic
Chinook salmon = 2,533 fish
7/9/09
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
3/1 4/1 5/1 6/1 7/1 8/1 9/1 10/1 11/1 12/1 1/1 2/1 3/1
No. o
f Fis
h
Date
2009 Chinook SalmonPassing DaguerrePoint Dam
Spring-run ChinookSalmon PredictedLogistic
Fall-run ChinookSalmon PredictedLogistic
Chinook salmon = 5,378 fish
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CHINOOK SALMON Spring- and Fall-run Differentiation
Feather-Yuba Interactions
Variable Date Approach 2010-2011 7/6/10
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
3/1 4/1 5/1 6/1 7/1 8/1 9/1 10/1 11/1 12/1 1/1 2/1 3/1
No. o
f Fis
h
Date
2010 Chinook SalmonPassing DaguerrePoint Dam
Spring-run ChinookSalmon PredictedLogistic
Fall-run ChinookSalmon PredictedLogistic
Chinook salmon = 6,469 fish
9/7/11
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
3/1 4/1 5/1 6/1 7/1 8/1 9/1 10/1 11/1 12/1 1/1 2/1
No. o
f Fis
h
Date
2011 Chinook SalmonPassing DaguerrePoint Dam
Spring-run ChinookSalmon PredictedLogistic
Fall-run ChinookSalmon PredictedLogistic
Chinook salmon = 7,785 fish
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CHINOOK SALMON Spring- and Fall-run Differentiation
Feather-Yuba Interactions
Because there is no hatchery on the Yuba River, the population is
composed of wild fish
?
SPRING-RUN CHINOOK SALMON Wild Population
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Feather River Hatchery
Feather-Yuba Interactions
DWR and CDFW 2009
Digital photography
Videography
Determination of adipose fin clips
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SPRING-RUN CHINOOK SALMON Wild Population
Feather-Yuba Interactions
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SPRING-RUN CHINOOK SALMON Wild Population
Total Ad-Clipped Not Ad-Clipped
2004 8/1/04 5,927 738 72 666
2005 8/24/05 11,374 3,592 676 2,916
2006 9/6/06 5,203 1,326 81 1,245
2007 9/4/07 1,394 372 38 334
2008 8/10/08 2,533 521 15 506
2009 7/9/09 5,378 723 213 510
2010 7/6/10 6,469 2,886 1,774 1,112
2011 9/7/11 7,785 1,159 323 836
Chinook Salmon Passage Upstream of Daguerre Point DamAll Chinook
SalmonSpring-run Chinook SalmonDemarcation
DateYear
0
500
1,000
1,500
2,000
2,500
3,000
3,500
2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012
No.
of F
ish
Year
Spring-run Chinook Salmon Upstream of Daguerre Point Dam
Ad-Clipped Fish Not Ad-Clipped Fish
r2 = 0.104P = 0.437
r2 = 0.056P = 0.571
% Ad-Clipped10196103296128
Feather-Yuba Interactions
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SPRING-RUN CHINOOK SALMON Wild Population
• Ad-clipped fish comprise up to
60+% of the annual run
• Of 43 genetic samples taken during May 2009 from upstream migrating Chinook salmon, 28 were FRFH spring-run and 15 were CV fall-run
Because there is no hatchery on the Yuba River, the population is
composed of wild fish
?
Feather River Hatchery
Yuba River
Feather-Yuba Interactions
Do differences in flows and temps attract fish from the Feather
into the Yuba River?
SPRING-RUN CHINOOK SALMON Hatchery Straying - Attraction to the Yuba River
14 Feather-Yuba Interactions
SPRING-RUN CHINOOK SALMON Hatchery Straying - Attraction to the Yuba River
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Modeled weekly averages of daily proportions of ad-clipped phenotypic spring-run 2004-2011
• 136 average weekly proportions
Explanatory variables
• Weekly averages of the daily ratios of Yuba flows & temps to Feather flows & temps
• 10 combinations of flow and temperature attraction variables
Feather-Yuba Interactions
R2 = 0.72 P < 0.0001
SPRING-RUN CHINOOK SALMON Hatchery Straying - Attraction to the Yuba River
16 Feather-Yuba Interactions
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SPRING-RUN CHINOOK SALMON Hatchery Straying - Attraction to the Yuba River
Differences in flows and temps attract fish from the Feather
into the Yuba River
?
More Hatchery Strays
SUN MON TUE WED THU FRI SAT
1 2 3 4 5
6 7 8 9 10 11 1213 14 15 16 17 18 19
20 21 22 23 24 25 26
27 28 29 30 31
May
Higher Yuba Flows
+
Lower Yuba Temps
=
Lower Feather Flows
+
Higher Feather Temps
4 Weeks Later SUN MON TUE WED THU FRI SAT
1 2
3 4 5 6 7 8 9
10 11 12 13 14 15 1617 18 19 20 21 22 23
24 25 26 27 28 29 30
June
Feather-Yuba Interactions
SPRING-RUN CHINOOK SALMON Introgressive Hybridization
18 Feather-Yuba Interactions
Gene flow movement from one run into the gene pool of another by repeated back-crossing of a hybrid with one of its parental genotypes
The phenotypic spring-run Chinook salmon in the lower Yuba River actually represents hybridization
Between Yuba River spring- and fall-run Chinook salmon
With Feather River spring-run Chinook salmon
With Feather River fall-run Chinook salmon
With FRFH fall-run Chinook salmon
With FRFH spring-run Chinook salmon • Which itself represents a hybridization between Feather
River spring- and fall-run Chinook salmon
CWT Recoveries
Vaki Ad-Clipped
Fish
NMFS & UC Santa Cruz
SPRING-RUN CHINOOK SALMON Lack of Reproductive Isolation
19 Feather-Yuba Interactions
Both “spring-running” and “fall-running” Chinook salmon are restricted to the lower Yuba River below Englebright Dam
SPRING-RUN CHINOOK SALMON
20 Feather-Yuba Interactions
1900 1910 1920 1930 1940 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000
Spring-run virtually disappeared by 1959c
Straying from the Feather River and stocking from FRFHa
DPD fish ladders rebuilt in 1938 – but ineffectivea
Construction of New Bullards Bar 1970 – higher, colder flowsd
Debris dams 1900 to 1941- intermittently blocked migration
DPD fish ladders built in 1911a
Englebright Dam built in 1941
Adequate DPD fish ladders built 1950-52a
A remnant spring-run population persisted in the lower Yuba River as of 1991a
Extirpation and Recolonization
d YCWA et al. 2007
a CDFG 1991 b Mitchell 1992 c Fry 1961
Drought 1928-1934: high temps, likely extirpated spring-runb
DPD fish ladders destroyed 1927/28a
There is an independent, genetically distinct
population of spring-run Chinook salmon in the lower
Yuba River
?
21
Yuba and Feather flow and temp ratios influence
hatchery strays
Yuba River spring-run extirpated by 1959
• FRFH fish planted in 1970s • Re-colonized by FRFH
strays in 1970s
Hatchery straying rates up to 61%+
No genetic differentiation between Feather and Yuba
Chinook salmon
Lack of reproductive isolation
Introgressive hybridization
SPRING-RUN CHINOOK SALMON Feather-Yuba River Interactions
Likely no pure ancestral genome
There is NOT an independent, genetically
distinct population of spring-run Chinook salmon
in the lower Yuba River
Feather-Yuba Interactions
Reservoir Management ?
Should reservoir management consider attraction of spring-run Chinook salmon to the Feather and Yuba rivers?
FEATHER-YUBA RIVER INTERACTIONS Management Implications/Considerations
22
23 Feather-Yuba Interactions
FEATHER-YUBA RIVER INTERACTIONS Management Implications/Considerations
Feather River Fish Hatchery Management
?
How do FRFH management practices affect the proportional distribution of spring-run Chinook between the Feather and Yuba rivers?
Sources: Fishery Foundation of California; California Department of Fish and Wildlife
24 Feather-Yuba Interactions
FEATHER-YUBA RIVER INTERACTIONS Management Implications/Considerations
ESA Consultations
?
How would ESA consultations address the fluid, intermixed populations of spring-run Chinook salmon in the Yuba and Feather rivers? How would viability or extinction risk be evaluated in river-specific spring-run Chinook salmon ESA consultations?
Source: National Marine Fisheries Service
25 Feather-Yuba Interactions
FEATHER-YUBA RIVER INTERACTIONS Management Implications/Considerations
NMFS Recovery Planning
?
How do fluid, intermixed populations affect the short-term and long-term recovery goals for Yuba and Feather River spring-run Chinook salmon? How would recovery of spring-run Chinook salmon populations be defined and measured in the Feather and Yuba rivers?
26 Feather-Yuba Interactions
FEATHER-YUBA RIVER INTERACTIONS Management Implications/Considerations
Re-introduction into Upper Yuba
?
What would be the appropriate goals of a re-introduction program? How do you address donor (source) issues?
Source: Yuba County Water Agency
Yuba River spring-run not an independent, genetically distinct
population
27
FEATHER-YUBA RIVER INTERACTIONS Management Implications/Considerations
Reservoir Management
? Feather River Fish
Hatchery Management
?
Re-introduction into the Upper
Yuba Basin ? NMFS Recovery
Planning ?
ESA Consultations
?
Feather-Yuba Interactions
CONCLUSIONS
www.yubaaccordrmt.com
M&E Program - The Next Few Years
• Further evaluate regional population structure
• Continue to explore in-basin and out-of-basin influences on population dynamics
• Final M&E Report in 2016
28
What have we learned so far?
M&E Draft Interim Report Conclusions
Draft M&E Interim Report available at:
CONCLUSIONS
29 M&E Draft Interim Report Conclusions
www.yubaaccordrmt.com
CONCLUSIONS
30 M&E Draft Interim Report Conclusions
Implementation of the Yuba Accord…
Maintains Physical Habitat Attributes that Provide the Opportunity for “Good Condition” of Aquatic Resources and Viable Salmonid Populations in the Lower Yuba River
Is the Yuba Accord Protective of the Aquatic Resources of the Lower Yuba River?
The RMT Does Not Recommend Any Changes to the Yuba Accord Flow Schedules At This Time
M&E Program Draft Interim Report Conclusions
June 12, 2013
Yuba Accord River Management Team 5th Annual Symposium