FDNY Exercise Design Team1 Standard Practice for Radiological Emergency Response Tony Mussorfiti.
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Transcript of FDNY Exercise Design Team1 Standard Practice for Radiological Emergency Response Tony Mussorfiti.
FDNY Exercise Design Team 1
Standard Practice for Radiological Emergency Response
Tony Mussorfiti
FDNY Exercise Design Team 2
Radiological events – Emergency Response
Need – standard and protocols modeled similarly to fire, confined space, hazardous materials, and EMS documents
In general - guidance from academia Information – extensive Not in the language of Emergency Responders Guidance does not address Emergency response actions No risk/benefit analysis
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Pre-requisites
Planning Concepts and parameters with revision cycle
Resources Needs assessment (monitoring/PPE)
Training Properly trained on equipment and response
plan Safety
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Radiological Emergency Response
OSHA: Plan / Training / Resources / Safety
NFPA Model: Analyze Plan Implement Evaluate Terminate
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Planning
Type of Response: Radioactive materials contained and legitimate
or Radioactive materials released or have potential for
release and/or present exposure hazard Decision points for:
Defensive ops Hot line parameters (</= 10 mR/h or contamination prevalent) Emergency decon plan developed
Offensive ops High exposure rate = 100 R/h Maximum total accumulated dose recommended not to exceed
50 R
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Training
Properly trained on equipment and response plan
Minimum level of training NIMS ICS OSHA 1910.120 (q) and General Duty clause Any federal, state, local, or tribal requirements NFPA 472 (2008)
Ch 5 (core competencies), Ch 6 (min. PPE, Monitoring/detection)
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Resources - Equipment
Needs assessment (monitoring/PPE) Per deployable team
Contamination measuring instrument(s) capable of measuring alpha, beta, gamma radiation
One dose rate instrument or combination– 0.1 mR/h – 100 R/h
One dosimeter (alarming recommended) Recommended per rescuer
PPE based upon hazard assessment
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Safety Procedures
Ensure proper equipment Ensure self protection
ALARA Time, distance and shielding
Feasibility of life safety operations
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FDNY Exercise Design Team 11
Radiological Working Group
FDNY Personnel Fire EMS
Subject Matter Experts Focus Group Evaluation Process
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RADIOLOGICAL RESPONSE PLAN Introduction
As per the City of New York Office of Emergency Management’s Citywide Incident Management System (CIMS), Life Safety Operations (LSO) includes tactical initiatives taken to preserve and protect the public. These actions are the highest priority incident objectives and supersede all other objectives during an emergency. The Radiological Response Plan (RRP) provides guidance to determine initial actions and the feasibility for Life Safety Operations and designed to maximize protective measures that lower radiation doses to fire department members and the public. While response to radiological hazards is the focus of the plan, Fire Department members must consider all hazards during a response; it is possible that non-radiological hazards (TRACEM) may present a greater hazard than the radiation present.
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RADIOLOGICAL RESPONSE PLAN
Scope:The RRP begins with the recognition of a radiological event and ends when fire department emergency operations terminate or the response is assumed by specialized local, state, or federal response teams.
Note: Nuclear Power Plant / IND
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RADIOLOGICAL RESPONSE PLAN
Significance and Use:It is essential for Fire Department Members to be familiar with and train on the RRP prior to responding to a radiological event. The RRP shall be revised as necessary and reviewed on a two-year cycle (at a minimum). The review should consider new and updated requirements and guidance, technologies, and other information or equipment that might have a significant impact on the management and outcome of radiological events.
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RADIOLOGICAL RESPONSE PLAN
Radiological Response Information Type of Response:
Radiological Incident Radiological Emergency
Accidental Radiological Emergencies Vs
Intentional Radiological Emergencies
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Accidental Radiological Emergency
•Medical, research facility, or construction site
•Inappropriate packaging
•Transport Index (TI)
•Package compromised
•Orphaned source
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Intentional Radiological Emergencies
Radiological Dispersal Device (RDD)Radiological Exposure Device (RED)
•Additional Operational considerationsRequest Law enforcementBe Alert to a secondary threatPreservation of evidence
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RADIOLOGICAL RESPONSE PLAN
FDNY INITIAL OPERATIONS: Determine Type of Radiological Event
o Radiological Incident Vs. Radiological Emergency
Managing a Radiological Incident Managing a Radiological Emergency
Initial Actions Life Safety Actions Radiological Decision Points
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Tactical Operations
Managing a Radiological Incident 1 mR hour (action level)
Make notification to members and units on scene.
Confirm initial readings with second survey meter.
Can source(s) of the radiation be determined?
Is the radioactive source(s) legitimate? The radioactive source(s) DOES NOT pose a
risk to humans and/or the environment?
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Managing a Radiological Emergency
• 2 to 10 mR/hr Establish Hot Zone• Determine the need for Life Safety Operations• Preliminary Report to the dispatcher
• Conditions /Actions / Needs Notification (10-80 with a appropriate code+ “for a
Radiological Emergency) Appropriate Radio Codes (e.g. 10-75, 10-60 etc.) Victims Location Cause Radiological Safety Officer
• Determine any additional hazards• If not known, determine location of radioactive
source
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Safety
•Ensure the proper equipment•Survey Meter•Dosimeter (Personal Rad Monitor)
•Optimization•Ensure proper documentation
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Radiation Officer•Ensures each member is equipped.
•Radiation doses are recorded
•Directing the Radiation Documentation Unit (RDU)
•Conducting safety briefing
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Radiation Documentation Unit
•Ensure member operating is properly equipped.
•Ensure that radiation doses are recorded.
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Life Safety Operations
• Determine the feasibility of LSO. Notify dispatcher and FD units on scene Entry/egress points Safe Refuge Area (SRA) Casualty Collection Point (CCP) Decontamination corridors FAST team Members don full bunker gear and use SCBA,
dosimeterNote: Dosimeters must be zeroed out prior to entry
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Feasibility of life safety operations
Elapsed time event Distance from source Dose Exposure rate Difficulty of life safety operations Safety plans for scene documentation
Dose reports/ associated injuries Dosimeter logs
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RADIOLOGICAL RESPONSE PLAN
Decision Points Low Dose Alarm (5 REM) High Dose Alarm (12 REM) Low Exposure Rate Alarm (2 mR/hr) High Exposure Rate Alarm (50 R/hr)
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Dose5 REM
Notify the IC IC will determine if member shall continue
with Life Safety Operations or exit Hot Zone.
10 REM (High Dose Alarm) Notify the IC IC will determine if member shall continue
with Life Safety Operations or exit Hot Zone.
25 REM Dosimeters are not calibrated to alarm at 25
REM Members should notify the IC
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Radiological Decision Points
Exposure Rate
High Exposure Rate Alarm•Personal dosimeter reads 50 R/Hr
Notify the IC IC will determine Mark the area
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RADIOLOGICAL RESPONSE PLAN
Significant Radiological Emergency
Any radiological and/or nuclear event or combination of events that exceeds local resources normally available to manage the emergency and may require emergency personnel to incur radiological doses in excess of the 10 rem.
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Significant Radiological Emergency: • During a significant radiological
emergency, some fire department members and/or civilians will need to shelter in place or seek shelter (e.g., anyone within the fallout from a nuclear device and/or an emergency responder
receiving a dose of 50 REM or greater).
• EPA PAG
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RADIOLOGICAL RESPONSE PLAN
Hazardous Material Branch: The Hazardous Material Units shall operate as per
the Hazardous Material Emergency Response Plan (ERP) and under the direction of the Haz Mat Battalion
Haz Mat Branch Units will perform the following: Advanced Monitoring & Detection Establish Technical Decontamination corridor's Patient Triage & Treatment within the Hot Zone
(START Triage)
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Post Entry
•Proceed to Responder Decontamination
•Frisking•Maintain Respiratory Protection
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RCA- EMS ALARME-092BOX 2694 - 1659 GRAND CONCOURSEE 170 ST E172 STUNCON MALE/ LOADING DOCKINCIDENT# 249FDID; 10028-2711-10-1-024901/28/2010 13 22 22
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What are the On-Scene Indicators?
ANALYZE
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•Can the source of the radiation be determined?
•Is the radiation source legitimate?
•Does the radioactive source pose a risk to human and/or the environment?
FDNY Exercise Design Team 36
ANALYZE
What are the On-Scene Indicators?
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•Can the source of the Radiation be determined?
•Is the radiation source legitimate?
•Does the radioactive source pose a risk to human and/or the environment?
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Planning•IAP
•Notification
•Zones
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UCT911- 1ST ALARM – MVAE092 E046 L044 L027 BC17BOX 2711 - GRANT AVEE 169 ST E 170 STCB STATES POSS PININCIDENT# 327FDID: 10024-2433-01-2-0327
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What are the On-Scene Indicators?
Analyze
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•Can the source of the Radiation be determined?
•Is the radiation source legitimate?
•Does the radioactive source pose a risk to human and/or the environment?
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Planning•IAP
•Notification
•Zones
FDNY Exercise Design Team 43
•Initiate IAP
•Establish Zones
•Decision Points
•Exposure Rate
•Dose
Implement
FDNY Exercise Design Team 44
UCT911- 1ST ALARM – STRUCTURAL
E050 E092 L019 L044 BC 17 E046
BOX 2831 - WEBSTER AVE + E 169 ST
EXPLOSION
INCIDENT# 557
FDID: 10037- 4478- 02-2-0557
01/29/10 173033
FDNY Exercise Design Team 45
What are the On-Scene Indicators?
ANALYZE
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•Can the source of the Radiation be determined?
•Is the radiation source legitimate?
•Does the radioactive source pose a risk to human and/or the environment?
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Planning•IAP
•Notification
•Zones
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Implement•Initiate IAP
•Establish Zones
•Decision Points
•Exposure Rate
•Dose
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Evaluate
•Determine the success of actions taken
•Ensure proper documentation