FDDI Fiber Optic Backbone Network Development Plan (166163744)

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7/29/2019 FDDI Fiber Optic Backbone Network Development Plan (166163744) http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/fddi-fiber-optic-backbone-network-development-plan-166163744 1/55 FDDI Fiber Optic Backbone Network Development Plan CAUSE INFORMATION RESOURCES LIBRARY The attached document is provided through the CAUSE Information Resources Library. As part of the CAUSE Information Resources Program, the Library provides CAUSE members access to a collection of information related to the development, use, management, and evaluation of information resources- technology, services, and information- in higher education. Most of the documents have not been formally published and thus are not in general distribution. Statements of fact or opinion in the attached document are made on the responsibility of the author(s) alone and do not imply an opinion on the part of the CAUSE Board of Directors, officers, staff, or membership. This document was contributed by the named organization to the CAUSE Information Resources Library. It is the intellectual property of the author(s). Permission to copy or disseminate all or part of this material is granted provided that the copies are not made or distributed for commercial advantage, that the title and organization that submitted the document appear, and that notice is given that this document was obtained from the CAUSE Information Resources Library. To copy or disseminate otherwise, or to republish in any form, requires written permission from the contributing organization. For further information: CAUSE, 4840 Pearl East Circle, Suite 302E, Boulder, CO 80301; 303- 449-4430; e-mail [email protected]. To order a hard copy of this document contact CAUSE or send e-mail to [email protected].  FDDI Development Plan@ , @Page @  University of Alberta  Fiber Optic Backbone Network  Development Plan  April 20th,1992

Transcript of FDDI Fiber Optic Backbone Network Development Plan (166163744)

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FDDI Fiber Optic Backbone Network Development Plan

CAUSE INFORMATION RESOURCES LIBRARY

The attached document is provided through the CAUSEInformation Resources Library.

As part of the CAUSE Information Resources Program, theLibrary provides CAUSE members access to a collection ofinformation related to the development, use, management, andevaluation of information resources- technology, services,and information- in higher education. Most of the documentshave not been formally published and thus are not in generaldistribution.

Statements of fact or opinion in the attached document aremade on the responsibility of the author(s) alone and do notimply an opinion on the part of the CAUSE Board of Directors,officers, staff, or membership.

This document was contributed by the named organization tothe CAUSE Information Resources Library. It is theintellectual property of the author(s). Permission to copy

or disseminate all or part of this material is grantedprovided that the copies are not made or distributed forcommercial advantage, that the title and organization thatsubmitted the document appear, and that notice is given thatthis document was obtained from the CAUSE InformationResources Library. To copy or disseminate otherwise, or torepublish in any form, requires written permission from thecontributing organization. For further information: CAUSE,4840 Pearl East Circle, Suite 302E, Boulder, CO 80301; 303-449-4430; e-mail [email protected].

To order a hard copy of this document contact CAUSE or sende-mail to

[email protected].

 FDDI Development Plan@ , @Page @

 

University of Alberta 

Fiber Optic Backbone Network 

Development Plan 

April 20th,1992

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Computing and Network Services (CNS)Data

Communications & NetworksRoom 103

General Services Bldg

Telephone 492-9327

Abstract:

The purpose of this document is to outline the FDDItechnology and present how that technology can be introducedto the campus network environment. Particular attention hasbeen paid to the funding aspects of a phased implementation,together with an advisory structure that can better form apartnership with the user constituencies and Computing &Network Services.

With this document, authorization is being sought to proceedwith the Phase 1 and Phase 2 implementation of the FDDIBackbone Network. Timeliness is of the essence if thecompletion of Phase 1 is to be achieved by December 31,

1992.

Distribution:

Dr L Stanford, Vice President (Student & Academic Services)Dr M Beltrametti, Director CNSB Silzer, Chair - Networking Advisory Committee

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Executive Summary 5

Architecture 9 

Expectations & Limitations 9 

FDDI Architecture 11 

FDDI Layout on Campus 14 

FDDI Network Management 19

Implementation 23

 Phase 1 Route 23

 Fiber Allocation 26

 Concentrator & Router Selection 27

 Phase 1 to Phase 4 Cost Analysis 35

 Phase 1 Implementation Outline 38

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Funding 39 

Capital Funding 39 

Operating Funding 40 

Staff Resources 41

Appendix 43 

Networking Advisory Committee 43 

Glossary 45

Executive Summary

CNS committed in its strategic plan [1] to install acentrally funded, high speed, high capacity, campus-widefiber optic backbone network using FDDI technology. Thecommitment included providing the support required toinstall, upgrade, maintain and manage the backbone network.

Various initiatives over the past several years have focusedon the desperate need for an improved data communicationsnetwork for the campus. Other initiatives have identifiedviable technical solutions which could meet that need. VicePresidential planning task forces [2], a PACCR review ofUniversity Computing Systems [3], and more recently the CNSstrategic planning efforts [1], all identified networking astactically the priority one project. Other CNS initiatives[4] [5] had previously focused on fiber optic technology asa basis for a campus network.

The project of installing such a backbone network is largeboth technically and financially. The only realistic way it

can be accomplished, is to install the network over a periodof a few years. This requires a campus commitment to a multi-year phased network implementation and financial plan. Thisdocument provides a vehicle to publicize and coordinate thatcommitment.

CNS also undertook to establish a committee withrepresentation from the key service providers, userconstituencies, and financial authority. The committee is toassess the needs of appropriate campus networkinginfrastructures from a strategic perspective and toparticipate and advise in the translation of theserequirements into networking plans for the University

community. This document serves as a vehicle that CNS canuse to pass issues to the committee for their advice, torecord that advice, and to record achievements. Some of thedocument's contents are dynamic and will change over theproject's lifetime. For example, individual sections havealready been given to the committee and in some cases havebeen acted upon by the committee. These sections have beenupdated to reflect the action taken and the sectionreissued.

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This document consists of three parts which provide anoverview of the architecture, details of the implementation,and details of the funding. The appendix includesinformation about the Networking Advisory Committee and aglossary of the telecommunication terms used in thedocument.

While the strategic need for an improved data communicationsnetwork capability has been well articulated, how that needcan be met with today's rapidly changing network technologymust be stated clearly. There must be no misunderstandingsbetween what challenges can be serviced by a technology andhow those challenges can be applied and administered at theUniversity of Alberta. Expectations & Limitations stateswhat the FDDI Backbone Network will do and what it won't do.

FDDI (Fiber Distributed Data Interface) is an ANSI fiberoptic based networking standard. It allows a variety ofoptions in its architecture. FDDI Architecture provides anoverview of the standard and outlines some of thefundamental architectural choices CNS has made. FDDI Layouton Campus describes the project phases, outlines some of thedesign choices such as the campus route and the location ofring nodes, and serves as a high level implementation plan.

FDDI Network Management outlines some of the considerationsin managing networks and describes some choices to be madein managing the backbone network.

Although there are other backbone network technologies thatare suitable for a campus environment and have beenimplemented at other universities, the FDDI ring of treeswas chosen because it best meets the University of Albertaneeds and vision. FDDI is non-proprietary, thereby allowingus to acquire products from whichever vendor offers us thebest combination of price, performance, and features. FDDIprovides an architected solution designed with gracefulexpansion in mind. FDDI provides a robust design that

automatically minimizes the effects of failure. The ring oftrees topology matches the topology of the Campus UtilityCorridor system, minimizing the fiber costs. The 100 megabitFDDI technology provides a longer term, higher capacitysolution than does either the 16 megabit Token/Ring or the10 megabit Ethernet network technology.

A number of implementation decisions are required andseveral sections deal with these decisions. There were threealternatives for the routing of the Phase 1 portion of thenetwork. The merits of the alternatives and the choice ofthe North Route alternative are described in Phase 1 Route.The fiber optic cable used for the backbone ring can contain

any number of fiber optic strands. Fiber Allocation containsa recommendation for a 24 strand cable, describes how thestrands will be used, and gives the factors that led to therecommendation. There are a variety of concentrator androuter products available. Concentrator & Router Selectionenumerates the factors used in evaluating the products anddescribes the process being used to select concentrators androuters.

While the implementation plan for the project must be

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comprehensive and detail the funding requirements andanticipated schedules for the complete implementation, itmust focus specifically on the next contemplated phase andthe faculties and departments benefiting from the increasedconnectivity in that phase. Phase 1 to Phase 4 Cost Analysisprovides estimates of the funding requirements on bothlevels - for the completed project and by each phase.Whereas Phase 1 Implementation Outline only describes thedetails of implementing the first phase of the backbonenetwork. Although the implementation plans for all phasesare outlined broadly in FDDI Layout on Campus, detailedimplementation plans for subsequent phases will depend on acomplete assessment of achievements met and opportunities tobe gleaned in accommodating any technological advancementsoccurring during a previous phase.

Some buildings and facilities are not accommodated in thisplan. These include campus buildings which are notaccessible from the Utility Corridor system (such asRinghouse 1 and Trailer Complex #2), off-campus Universityfacilities (such as the Faculte St. Jean and the EdmontonResearch Station), and some near-campus buildings (such asCampus Tower) in which space is leased by Universitydepartments. A complete list of the excluded buildings is

found in FDDI Layout on Campus. They are excluded becausethe fiber optic cable is being laid in the campus UtilityCorridor system and there are no plans to do any trenchingto lay cable to the excluded sites. However, other networktechnologies such as leased T1 telephone lines, public datanetworks, and radio links are being examined to see how wellthey could service the excluded sites by acting asextensions to the FDDI Backbone network.

Some buildings are included that are only of an associatednature to the University. An example is the Cross CancerClinic. Although a cost of connection is included in thetables, it must not be construed that the University is

financing the provision of connectivity to these agencies.Any connection and supporting infrastructure would have tobe 100% externally funded by the agencies themselves.

Capital Funding identifies the likely sources and outlinesthe staging of the capital fund appropriations of $3.25million for the project. Operating Funding outlines wherethe annual costs of maintaining the network hardware andsoftware is being found and discusses the issue of aprobable future shortfall. Staff Resources identifies thattransitory additional staff will be required to relieveexisting personnel, so that they may concentrate on theimplementation of the FDDI Backbone Network.

In summary, the four phases of the FDDI Backbone Networkproject are estimated to cost:

Capital OperatingPhase 1 $ $

230,543 11,600Phase 2 $ $

971,625 68,250Phase 3 $ $

584,420 28,000

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Phase 4 $ $366,410 13,200

All $ $Phases 373,700 0

$ $2,526,69 121,0508

It is as yet premature to reduce the Capital Funding budgeteven though there is a $700K difference between the capitalfunds budgeted at $3.2M and the projected expenditure at$2.5M. The budget is taken from a March 1991 marketevaluation. The projected expenditure is from a March 1992market survey. Whereas it is gratifying that costs aredemonstrably reducing, it must be realized that no purchaserequisitions have been written to date and there is no realevidence as yet, justifying a reduction in the greaterfigure.

Authorization is sought from the Vice-President (Student &Academic Services) to proceed with the implementation ofPhases 1 and 2.

References

1. "Networking Computers and People on Campus andBeyond" - Strategic Plan for Computing and NetworkServices - February 1992

2. "Towards a Strategic Plan for Telecommunicationsand Networking at the University of Alberta" -report of the UCAG Task Force on Telecommunications andNetworking - May 9, 1991

3. "Telecommunications" - appendix B of the UCS PACCRreport - Fall 1990

4. "Campus Backbone Network Proposal" - report of the

UCS Network Planning Committee - March 6, 19915. "FDDI Fiber Pilot - A Proposal" - Dwight Kruger -October 26, 1989

Architecture

Expectations & Limitations

The distributed computing environment is rapidly becomingthe primary computing resource for most students and

researchers on the campus. Administrative units areincreasingly mounting processes on Local Area Networks andseeking ways to share access to information with their peersacross the campus. It is from this basis of fundamentalneed that the implementation of the FDDI Backbone Networksprings. The UCAG Task Force Reports in articulating thestrategic needs for computing on the campus, withoutexception identified networking as the number one priority.

Network technology is changing rapidly worldwide, both from

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the choice of physical hardware that is available and thesupported protocols, to the extended services that can beoperated across an advanced implementation. It is importantto carefully marry strategic need to purchasable advancedtechnology that is relevant and functional.

Sometimes misunderstandings occur between what challengescan be serviced by a technology and how those challenges canbe applied and administered in the University of Albertaenvironment. The following sections attempt to limit thesepotential misunderstandings.

The FDDI Backbone Network Will :

ù Function as the primary network for digitalcomputer communications on the campus.

 ù Run on a multi-strand, multimode, fiber optic

cable plant that will be laid in the campusutility corridor system.

 ù Be able to reach, as the need arises, into the

basement of all of the buildings serviced by thecampus utility corridor system.

  ù Architecturally support the connection of severalLocal Area Networks within each reachablebuilding.

 ù Support the Ethernet and Token/Ring types of Local

Area Networks. ù Be able to route IP (Internet Protocol) packets.

Selected Router equipment may allow routing ofAppleTalk Phase II, Novell's IPX, and Ungermann-Bass XNS protocols. The selected Routers will beable to bridge additional protocols.

  ù Have the capacity to absorb the bandwidthpresented by multiple, simultaneous connections.

 ù Provide a secure path between (potentially non

secure) Local Area Networks. ù Incur a network connection charge upon departments

of $8,000 plus any LAN extension costs. ù Support the attachment of FDDI Local Area Networks

as a future consideration.

The FDDI Backbone Network Will Not :

ù Have an unlimited number of spare fibers in thecable for other non CNS applications. As theUniversity does not face the costs of trenchingwhen laying cable the purchase of additionalfibers on speculation becomes a poor investment.(Ref. Fiber Allocation)

 ù Service buildings away from the campus utility

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corridor system (e.g. Rutherford House, FaculteSt. Jean and the Edmonton Research Station). Thereare no plans to do any trenching. (Ref. FDDILayout on Campus for a complete list of excludedbuildings)

 ù Be installed in a building until the need arises

to attach a departmental Local Area Network thatresides in the building. Scheduling will bedependent on personnel and funding availability.

 ù Extend beyond the basement to service other floors

of buildings. Departments will be responsible forpaying the costs of extending their Local AreaNetworks to the basement FDDI router site.

 ù Allow the direct connection of workstations,

servers, or hosts to the backbone. Instead, suchdevices must be connected via a router.

 ù Allow the connection of proprietary Local Area

Networks, such as ArcNet. ù Route any protocol off campus other than IP

(Internet Protocol). ù Route or bridge any protocols that might

compromise the security of the backbone. ù Support protocols such as IBM/SNA, Decnet or OSI.

OSI protocol is certainly a future considerationas the standard matures.

 ù Bridge mismatched protocol layers above those

routed. For example, the FDDI backbone will nottranslate between AppleTalk Filing Protocol andSun Network File System (as does a GatorBox).

  ù Improve end-to-end performance from a single siteperspective. Communication through a workstation,departmental LAN, router, FDDI, router,destination LAN, and server will be slower thanthe speed of the departmental LAN. A connectionthat passes through 4 electronic devices and 3networks has to be slower than through 2electronic devices and 1 network.

 ù Automatically, just through its presence, allow an

application on one workstation to communicatesuccessfully with an application on a host. Users

must be careful to select applications that aredesigned to interoperate, using protocols that thebackbone routers can manage.

FDDI Architecture

FDDI (Fiber Distributed Data Interface) is an ANSI fiberoptic based networking standard written by the ASC X3T9.5

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Task Group in 1990. An FDDI ring network consists of anumber of serially attached stations that are connected by atransmission medium (fiber optic cable in FDDI) to form aclosed loop. An active station transmits informationsequentially as a stream of symbols to the next activestation on the ring. As each active station receives thesedata symbols, it regenerates and repeats them to the nextactive device on the ring (its downstream neighbor).

An FDDI network operates at 100 megabits per second (Mbps)for high speed data transfer, has a timed token passingprotocol for efficiency, can use dual counter rotatingparallel rings for reliability, and can operate at distancesof up to 200 kilometers for reach. These characteristicsaddress the severe networking capacity and reach bottlenecksthat will be experienced on the University campus as

ù more users are added to the campus network,ù the computing power of smaller desktop systems grows,ù the data traffic on existing compus networks

increases,ù more client/server computing facilities are installed

on campus,ù the use of graphics intensive applications increases,

ù more local area networks need to be interconnected,andù complex networks span longer distances on campus.

 FDDI actually consists of four standards that define thecomponents of FDDI: Physical Layer Medium Dependent(PMD),Physical Layer Protocol(PHY), Media Access Control(MAC), andStation Management(SMT). These standards define severaltypes of networking devices. These include wiringconcentrators (CON), dual attachment stations (DAS) andsingle attachment stations (SAS). All three device types actas connection points to the FDDI network with the wiringconcentrator providing connections for the attachment of

multiple devices to the FDDI ring. These devices allow usersto construct various fiber optic network configurationsbased on the FDDI standard.

Figure 1: FDDI Ring of Trees

As part of the FDDI standard, ANSI permits a number oftopologies which include standalone concentrator withattached nodes, tree of concentrators, dual counter-rotatingring and dual ring of trees. The recommended topology is thering of trees because it is the most robust and flexible. A

ring of trees consists of a dual counter-rotating ring withwiring concentrators used to provide connections to the FDDIring (Fig. 1). The concentrators are the roots of the treesand single rings between the concentrators and singleattachment stations are the branches of the trees.

The dual counter-rotating ring provides redundancy in thering design. Data normally only flows on the primary ring.If either a device on the primary ring fails or the primaryring fiber fails, continuity of the ring is restored by

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wrapping the primary ring to the secondary ring to maintainthe transmission path and isolate the fault. The wrapping isdone by the dual attached stations on either side of thefault when they reconfigure after detecting the fault (Fig.2). Although FDDI limits the total fiber length to 200 km,the dual counter-rotating ring topology effectively doublesthe media length in the event of a ring wrap so that theactual length of each ring is limited to 100 km. If multiplefaults occur, the ring is fragmented into two or moresegmented rings and although each segment is fullyfunctional there is no access between the segments.

Figure 2: Ring Wrapping on a Fault

A wiring concentrator permits additions, deletions andchanges without disruption to the network. Because theconcentrator is an active device it can actually control thephysical topology of the network and is able to reconfigurethe network as necessary by inserting or removing devicesconnected to it. This capability also allows theconcentrator to play an active role in fault isolation as itcan bypass inactive or defective stations, as required. Thismeans the network can sustain the loss of all stations

connected to the concentrators without losing ringintegrity.

The stations connected to the concentrators in a ring oftrees topology can be bridges, routers, user devicesequipped with an FDDI adapter and other concentrators. Therecan be up to 500 of these stations, including theconcentrators on the ring, on an FDDI network. The maximumdistance allowed between any two stations is 2 km.

Bridges and routers provide the means to connect an FDDInetwork with other local area networks. Bridges act as linksbetween local area networks in an extended LAN environment

and routers are dedicated devices used to route messagesbetween systems. Routers are sensitive to the selectedprotocols that they manage and are able to direct datapackets onto the right links to take the packets to theirintended destinations.

The FDDI standard also specifies two mechanisms that raisethe level of reliability and availability of the network.Concentrators, attached to the dual counter-rotating ring,can be equipped with an optical bypass relay thateffectively short-circuits the concentrator if it fails. Inthis case the ring is not wrapped. Stations, connected tothe concentrators, can be dual homed or connected to two

different concentrators so that if one of the concentratorsor the path through it fails, the station always has analternate path. Both mechanisms have their disadvantages.They increase the cost and complexity of the network andhave some technical penalties. For example, the opticalbypass relay reduces the maximum distance allowed betweenstations to 1km.

Whatever topology is chosen, FDDI remains a token passingring. There is one token in an FDDI network and it denotes

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the right to transmit data. A station connected to the ringcan transmit data when it receives the token and continuesto transmit data until either there is no more data totransmit or a timer has expired. After that, the stationplaces the token back on the ring allowing other stations totransmit data.

Fiber optic cable is a reliable media that performs well inhostile electrical and mechanical environments, is immune tooutside interference and is not subject to groundingproblems. It is also a secure media as optical transmissiondoes not emit radio waves so an electronic listening deviceis ineffective and physical tapping into a fiber isextremely difficult without early detection.

FDDI at the University

Departmental LANs will be connected to the FDDI networkthrough routers. Bridges and user devices equipped with FDDIadapters will not be used.

The FDDI backbone network will be based on the ring of treestopology. A dual counter-rotating ring will be installed inthe campus utility corridor system in the form of a figure

of eight (Ref. FDDI Layout on Campus). Dual attachedconcentrators will be installed on the ring at eightstrategic node locations (the roots of the trees). Point-to-point fiber cables (the branches of the trees) will be runfrom these concentrators to single attached routers locatedin building basements. Departmental Local Area Networks willbe extended down to the basement to attach to the routers.

Because prices of FDDI equipment are declining as the FDDImarket matures, concentrators will not be purchased andinstalled on the ring until they are needed. Under somecircumstances, routers will be initially installed on thering instead of concentrators even though availability of

the network may be reduced (and strictly speaking thetopology will no longer be a true ring of trees). In thecase where a ring node is located in a building and onlyLANs in that building are to be attached to the FDDInetwork, it is not sound economics to have both aconcentrator and a router installed at the same location,nor is it efficient. When the need arises to service otherbuildings from that ring node location, the router will beremoved from the ring, a new concentrator installed on thering and the router re-attached to the concentrator.

To further enhance reliability the concentrators and routersinstalled on the dual counter-rotating ring will be equipped

with uninterruptable power supplies. If operationalexperience shows that the level of reliability must beraised and funding is available, then (1) optical bypassesmay be added to the concentrators and (2) the routers may bedual homed.

FDDI Layout on Campus

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The Department of Physical Plant manages an extensive systemof Utility Corridors (tunnels) interconnecting most of thebuildings on the campus. These utility corridors provide alargely hospitable environment for cable. Strategiclocations within the corridors provide the services requiredfor supporting equipment. It is the location of the UtilityCorridors that governs the fiber cable routes for the FDDIBackbone Network. By leveraging on the existence of thesystem of Utility Corridors the University is able to avoidthe significant cost of trenching cable into the ground.

A number of technological parameters specified by the FDDIStandards must be respected in designing an FDDI BackboneNetwork appropriate to the campus. The most significantbeing a maximum ring circumference of 100 kilometers and adistance of no greater than 2 kilometers between FDDIStations. As discussed in FDDI Architecture the chosentopology for the backbone network is a Ring of Trees.

Campus Route

The route for the campus backbone network (Fig. 3) iscognizant of the above parameters and the location of theUtility Corridors. The ring of trees will consist of a

twenty four strand fiber cable ring (Ref Fiber Allocation),in the form of a figure eight that eventually will reach alength of six kilometers. FDDI wiring concentrators (thebase of each tree) will be inserted into the ring at eightRing Node Locations. A Ring Node Location is anenvironmentally friendly place suitable for a concentratoror router together with supporting patch panels. Theproposed Ring Node Locations are :

A General Services second floor computer roomB Communications room #B-1A Mechanical

Engineering BuildingC Sub corridor at station #1860 near Tory

D Central Academic Building machine roomE Students Union Building machine roomF Medical Science Building machine roomG Sub corridor at station #2080 Clinical

Sciences BuildingH Heating Plant machine room

The tree branches will be individual point to point eightstrand fiber cables, running from the machine room of eachCampus Building to the nearest Ring Node Location. Thesepoint to point cables will be laid only when needed.

Each token ring or ethernet Local Area Network within a

building that is to be connected to the FDDI BackboneNetwork will have to be extended into the machine room ofthat building. There it will be attached to a router thatmay be located in the building machine room or at the RingNode Location associated with the building.

A Department is responsible for extending its LAN to themachine room of the building the LAN is located in (this canbe done in conjunction with CNS) and paying an $8000.00charge for a Standard Network Connection1.

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Figure 3: RingNode Locations and FDDI Cable Route

University Buildings and Facilities not serviced by the FDDIBackbone Network

Campus buildings which are not accessible from the UtilityCorridor system(building names preceded by map # listed in November 1991Telecommunications Directory)

5 Faculty Club54 Garneau Student Housing61 Garneau Student Housing22 Greenhouse (Agriculture)67 Jubilee Auditorium6 Ring House 1 - Art Gallery4 Ring House 23 Ring House 32 Ring House 4

24 Rutherford House87 South Field Car Park42 Stadium Car Park21 Trailer Complex #1 (Greenhouse)92 Trailer Complex #2 (Civil Electrical Engineering)73 Univ Hospital Day Care Centre78 Univ Hospital Outpatient Residence82 University Hospitals Parkade1 University House8 Windsor Car Park

Near-campus buildings

64 Campus Tower (112 St & 87 Ave)89 Garneau Professional Building (111 St & 82 Ave)

Off-campus facilities

Devonian Botanic Gardenfuture Eastpoint Remote Library Stack Facility (50 St

& 82 Ave)Edmonton Research Station (115 St & 61 Ave)Ellerslie Research StationFaculte St. Jean (91 St & 84 Ave)

Mechanical Engineering Acoustic & Noise Unit (6720 -30 St)

The following phased implementation is recommended inrecognition of the fiscal situation of the University andthe rapid technology changes occurring within thecommunications industry. Each phase must include a completeassessment of the achievements met and the opportunities tobe gleaned in accommodating state of the art, butappropriate, technological advancements. The following table

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lists the buildings that will be able to connect to thebackbone according to ring node location.

Phase 1 service between GSB and CAB

The first phase will be implemented during 1992 and isintended to provide an extensive test bed for the FDDIbackbone technology, as well as contributing to the naturalextension of the backbone. In the context of the campus, anychosen route must be readily accessible to the CNS technicalstaff and equipment and should include teaching, research,and administrative applications. Both GSB and CAB satisfythe above. They have a variety of high speed and lower speedLANs including token ring and ethernet. There are severalUNIX, MAC and PC Laboratories in both buildings in additionto powerful workstations. This will give CNS an opportunityto connect a variety of equipment, and in doing so check outthe vendors fiber products. With access to the large numberof LANs, Laboratories and workstations, CNS will be betterable to determine if there are any capacity limitations ofthe chosen network architecture.

Upon the successful completion of phase 1, the equipmentcurrently being used in CAB will be moved to Materials

Management to allow an ethernet connection from theirlocation to the campus backbone network.

Phase 2 service between CAB and WMHSC

Proceeding with this phase in 1993 will be subject to atechnology review and the favorable results of phase 1. Thusproviding an opportunity and advantage in reviewing newproducts and prices that will have become available sincethe phase 1 implementation was decided. WMHSC is chosen notonly because it has a number of ethernet and token ringlaboratories, but also because it is strategically locatedallowing several other buildings alongside the fiber to be

connected.

Phase 3 servicing the remaining central quadrant buildings

Proceeding with this phase later in 1993 will be subject tofavorable results from phase 2. This phase will primarilyconnect the southerly portion of the campus.

Phase 4 servicing the remaining buildings on campus

Proceeding with this phase during 1994 will be subject tofavorable results from phase 3. Phase 4 connects theremaining buildings on the campus where network LANs have

been added.

Node Building Ring Fibre optic Known LAN's inLett Node cable Length Buildinger Location in metersA Agriculture GSB 185 AT

ForestryA GSB Second floor GSB 0 CS/CNS/Ag. ForstA Hydraulics Lab GSB 150A Printing GSB 175 ethernet

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ServicesA RCMS GSB 150 ethernetA Structural Eng GSB 235

LabB Assiniboia Hall Mechanic 200 ethernet

alB Athabasca Hall Mechanic 255 AT

alB Bio Sciences Mechanic In Place ethernets

alB CFER Mechanic ? ethernet

alB Chem/Mineral Eng Mechanic 350 ethernets

alB Mechanical Mechanic Ring Node ethernets

al LocationB Nuclear Physics Mechanic In Place ethernet

alB Pembina Hall Mechanic 320

alB Physics Mechanic 275 ethernet

alB Temporary Lab Mechanic 150

al

B V-Wing Mechanic 150alC Alberta Cultural Bus. 313

Herit. TunnelC Business Bus. 50 AT/TR/ethernet

TunnelC Earth Sciences Bus. 350 AT

TunnelC Fine Arts Bus. 432 AT

TunnelC Garneau Trailer Bus. 629 ethernet

Complex TunnelC Home Economics Bus. 418

TunnelC HUB Mall Bus. 250 ATTunnel

C Humanities Bus. 200Tunnel

C Law Centre Bus. 560 TRTunnel

C Rutherford Bus. 200Tunnel

C St. Stephen's Bus. 493College Tunnel

C Tory (Turtle) Bus. 150 ethernetTunnel

C University Bus. 600Health Serv Tunnel

D Arts/Convocation CAB 167Hall

D Cameron Library CAB In PlaceD Chemistry CAB In PlaceD Civil Eng CAB In PlaceD Electrical Eng CAB 193 ethernetsD Power Plant CAB 174

North

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D South Lab CAB 63E Administration SUB 153E Dentistry- SUB 404

PharmacyE Education SUB 241 TR

ParkadeE Industrial SUB 138

Design StudioE St. Joseph's SUB 100

CollegeE SUB SUB Ring Node ethernet/TR/AT

LocationE Universiade SUB 303

PavillionE University Hall SUB In Place ethernet/TR/ATE Van Vliet Centre SUB 26F Base Med. Base In Place AT/ethernet

Med.F Education Base 125 ethernet

North/South Med.F Heritage Medical Base 190 AT/ethernet

Med.F Newton Research Base 12

Med.

F UAH Educ. & Dev. Base 305 ATCntr Med.G Clinical Science 2080 48 TR/ethernet

TunnelG Corbett Hall 2080 In Place ethernet

TunnelG Extension Centre 2080 In Place ethernet

TunnelG R-C Blood Centre 2080 85

TunnelG Rehaab Med 2080 226

Trailers TunnelG WMHCS 2080 283 TR/PCnet/TR/ethe

Tunnel rnetH Aberhart Centre Heating 398Plt

H Aberhart Nurses Heating 316Res. Plt

H Aberhart Heating 370Services Plt

H Cross Cancer Heating 308Institute Plt

H Heating Plant Heating Ring NodePlt Location

H Henday Hall ?H Kelsey Hall ?

H Lister Hall Heating 381 TRPlt

H MacKenzie Hall ?H Materials Heating 214 ethernet

Management PltH Mewburn Veterans Heating 298

Cent PltH Nuclear Mag Heating 642

Resonance PltH Services Heating 258

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Building Plt

FDDI Network Management

Overview of Network Management

The goal of Network Management is to efficiently andeffectively manage the network resources. These resourcesexist in a multi-vendor, heterogeneous network environment,and include the following:

ù Campus backbone components : Routers, bridges,FDDI, and cables.

ù Local Area Networks : Ethernet, LocalTalk,TokenRing, hubs,

ù Host Computers, terminal servers and printers.ù Coax (native 3270, HYPERbus), and Asynchronous

(StarMaster, HYPERbus) connection .

The objective of network management is to keep networkresource failures to a minimum by taking a proactive role in

the management of the network. However, if problems doarise, network management should assist the networkpersonnel in quickly identifying and resolving the failingentity. The OSI Management Framework categorizes networkmanagement into the following functional areas:

ù Fault Management : Detect, isolate, and controlabnormal network behavior.

ù Configuration Management : Detect and control thestate of the network for both logical and physicalconfigurations.

ù Performance Management : Evaluate networkbehavior and effectiveness to optimize

performance.ù Security Management : Control access to thenetwork.

ù Accounting Management : Collect and processdata related to network usage.

High level protocols are required to monitor and control thenetwork from a central location. Two such protocols are theInternet Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) and theISO Common Management Information Protocol (CMIP). Of thetwo, SNMP has become the de facto standard. Thearchitectural model for SNMP is based on a NetworkManagement Station (NMS), and many managed nodes (network

resources). The NMS is responsible for collectinginformation, displaying the state of the network, andcontrolling the nodes. Each managed node contains a store ofobjects, referred to as the Management Information Base(MIB), that allow for the remote monitoring and control ofthe device. The Network Management Station communicates withthe node via the SNMP query and set commands.

Architectural Model

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FDDI Station Management

FDDI technology incorporates a high degree of faulttolerance with its self-healing, dual counter-rotating ring,dual homing, and optical bypass. In addition, StationManagement (SMT) is built in to every "layer", making it anintegral part of FDDI. Without going into the architecturaldetails of FDDI, SMT may simply be described as a low levelprotocol that defines the requirements for stationoperation, including facilities for connection management,node configuration, recovery from error conditions, and theencoding of SMT frames.

However, from a network management point of view, SMTpresents several problems. While providing comprehensivemanagement at the ring level, it does not address:

ù Remote monitoring and control such as one needs ina campus environment.

ù Management of components on other types ofnetworks such as Ethernet, or TokenRing, etc., andit is not compatible with other network management

standards, such as SNMP and CMIP.

To overcome these problems, the vendors of FDDI equipmentare incorporating SNMP proxy agents into their products.Essentially, proxy agents "translate" between SMT and SNMP.This enables remote network management stations to monitorand control the FDDI network in the same fashion that thelocal area networks are managed.

Network Management at the University

CNS Data Communications & Networks' goal is to manage thecampus network, including the FDDI backbone and the attached

supported local area networks, from a common NetworkManagement Station (NMS). The NMS must be based on SNMP andthe components must have SNMP agents. This gives the mostflexibility in control and monitoring, and should:

ù Allow the immediate detection of faults and alertappropriate personnel.

ù Automatically display a configuration map,assisting in locating network resources andpinpointing faults.

ù Allow multiple hierarchical views of the networkdown to the device level.

ù Keep a performance and error log so that

historical data can be studied with a view totaking a proactive role in preventing network downtime.

ù Allow remote access to the Network ManagementStation for network operations, CNS operations,and various management and system level personnel.

 The NMS should also be able to manage major non-SNMPresources such as the StarMaster and HYPERbus, but thiscapability will have to be developed.

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In recognition of the above, any purchases of networkcomponents, particularly routers, hubs and concentratorswill include SNMP support.

As an example of the commitment to Network Management,LANCE+ has been purchased from LEXCEL Inc and is undergoinga 30 day acceptance trial. This product provides themonitoring and control environment required to fulfill theabove requirements.

Implementation

Phase 1 Route

As discussed in the FDDI Layout on Campus the first phase inimplementing an FDDI Backbone Network for the campus is toinstall a backbone service between the General ServicesBuilding and the Central Academic Building. This choiceprovides an environment where we can learn to plan, operate

and expand the technology while contributing to the naturalextension of the backbone. This choice introduces Ring NodeLocations "A" and "D". The activities in the buildings,listed in the following table, will be able to takeadvantage of the FDDI Backbone Network as part of Phase 1.

Building Ring Node Fiber optic Known LAN's inNode Lett cable Length Building

Location er in metersGSB Second floor GSB A 0 CS/CNS/Ag. ForstCameron Library CAB D In PlaceChemistry CAB D In PlaceCivil Eng CAB D In Place

Electrical Eng CAB D 193 ethernets

There are three possible routes, North, Central and AcrossQuad, for laying the fiber cable between the GeneralServices Building and the Central Academic Building.Although there are cost differences between each choicebecause of the differing cable distances and the laborrequired in passing through introduced Ring Node Locations,these differences do not significantly effect the merits ofchoosing one route over another.

North Route ( Selected by Network Advisory Committee)

The fiber optic cable would be run from the General ServicesBuilding to Mechanical Engineering B1A, to station 1860 nearthe Tory Building and on to the Central Academic Building.

 

Ring Node Locations "B" and "C" can be attached to thebackbone as part of the Phase 2 implementation. Theactivities in the buildings listed in the following tablewill be able to take advantage of the FDDI Backbone Network

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as part of that phase. This route allows more active sitesto be attached quickly in Phase 2.

Building Ring Node Fiber optic Known LAN's inNode Lett cable Length Building

Location er in metersAgriculture GSB A 185 ATForestryAssiniboia Hall Mechanic B 200 ethernet

alBio Sciences Mechanic B In Place ethernets

alChem/Mineral Eng Mechanic B 350

alMechanical Mechanic B Ring Node ethernets

al LocationNuclear Physics Mechanic B In Place ethernet

alBusiness Bus. C 50 AT/TR/ethernet

TunnelLaw Center Bus. C 560 TR

TunnelRutherford Bus. C 200

Tunnel

Central Route (Option 2 - Discarded)

The fiber optic cable would have been run from the GeneralServices Building to the Students Union Building and on tothe Central Academic Building.

 

If this route were chosen Ring Node Location "E" would beadded to the backbone as part of the Phase 2 implementation.The activities in the buildings listed in the followingtable would have taken advantage of the FDDI Backbone

Network as part of that phase. This route allowed for feweractive sites to be attached quickly in Phase 2.

Building Ring Node Fiber optic Known LAN's inNode Lett cable Length Building

Location er in metersAdministration SUB E 153University Hall SUB E In Place ethernet/TR/ATDentistry- SUB E 404PharmacySUB SUB E Ring Node ethernet/TR/AT

Location

Industrial SUB E 138Design StudioVan Vliet Center SUB E 26Universiade SUB E 303PavillionSt. Joseph's SUB E 100CollegeEducation SUB E 241 TRParkadeAcross Quad Route (Option 3 - Discarded)

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The fiber optic cable would be run from the General ServicesBuilding to the Agricultural Forestry Building and on to theCentral Academic Building.

 

If this route were chosen no Ring Node Locations could havebeen added to the backbone as part of a Phase 2implementation. In addition, except for the General Servicesto Agricultural Forestry portion, the cable would eventuallybe excluded from the proposed final network. Although itcould be argued that this fiber might be used for disasterrecovery in the future (for example, if all paths betweenGSB and CAB are broken), this use of the cable would yieldlittle future return.

Recommendations (Presented to Network Advisory Committee)

1.The North Route is the preferred alternative by gleaningmore active sites in Phase 2 and providing a betteropportunity for the effective use of time. While Phase 2cables are being ordered and installed there is a betteropportunity to add more cluster locations to the FDDI

Backbone.

2.The Across Quad Route should not be considered as it ishard to justify this alternative that offers so littlefuture return.

The Network Advisory Committee, after due diligence andcareful analysis of the options, concurred with therecommendations.

Fiber Allocation

To provide a common reference point for conformanceverification the FDDI Standard specifies the characteristicsof station to station and cable plant connectivity as amultimode fiber optic strand with a core of 62.5 microns anda cladding of 125 microns. Multimode means that multiplemodes or light rays can be transmitted through the fiber fora maximum distance of 2 kilometers using light emittingdiodes as transmitters. A superior FDDI Standard for asingle mode fiber optic strand is nearing approval. SingleMode means that only one mode or light ray is propagated inthe fiber, but when coupled with laser transmitters thestation to station distance can be up to 60 kilometers. The

needs of the campus network can be readily met by the lessexpensive multimode fiber optic cable and supportingtechnology.

Fiber optic cable can be purchased in various configurationsdepending on local constraints. The options include thenumber of strands carried in a jacket, whether the strandsare loose or bound within the jacket, and indeed the verynature of the jacket. Two examples of factors affecting thechoice of jacket are whether the cable will be buried in the

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ground or whether it must meet specific local firestandards. The University is fortunate in having a campusutility corridor system that places few demands on thecable, so the choice of jacket is less critical and probablycan be determined by whichever jacket yields the bestpossible procurement price.

A cable cost of $1 per strand per meter is the industryguideline that has been used in planning the 6 kilometerFDDI Backbone cable plant. Notwithstanding this rate, thecable industry is extremely competitive and it isanticipated that the maximum number of options must be opento negotiation when purchasing the cable, so as to gain thebest price for the greatest benefit to the University.

Allocation

The cost of laying a cable must be balanced with the neededimmediate services and a reasonable view of the likelyfuture requirements that can best be afforded by a currentinvestment. Within this framework it is not possible to havean unlimited number of spare fibers in the cable for othernon CNS applications. In appreciation of all of the above,a 24 strand fiber optic cable is recommended with the fiber

strands allocated in the following manner:

2 Strands FDDI backbone network; usingone strand for the primaryring and one strand for thesecondary ring.

2 Strands Possible second backbonenetwork; future trafficand/or technologydevelopments may require aunique pathway.

2 Strands Backup, test and developmentfor the above applications

4 Strands future Video/Voice/Dataapplications; theapplication andtechnological specificationsare as yet neitherarticulated nor understood.

4 Strands University energy andutility management network.

10 Strands Special purpose high speednetworks needing crosscampus connection.

24 Strands

As the University does not face the costs of trenching whenlaying cable the purchase of additional fibers onspeculation becomes a poor investment. Although there iscurrently a reasonable amount of spare capacity, the numberof strands is a finite resource and as time passes theallocation and use of strands will lead to ever increasingdifficulties in deciding the relative merits of applicationsmaking calls on the remaining spare strands. Changes in theallocation of fiber optic strands within the cable plant

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will be made under the advisement of the Network AdvisoryCommittee.

Cost Recovery

Fiber optic strands allocated for non CNS network functionswill be charged for at $1200 per annum per fiber opticstrand. There is no physical support or service includedwithin the fee, such as connectoring or patch paneling, etc.The fee is intended to recover the cost of administering thecare and consideration that must be taken throughout theinfrastructure in accommodating the non network use of thefiber optic cable plant. The fee will be levied on April 1stof the year following when a fiber strand comes intoservice. It is not intended that the charge be a reservationfee.

Concentrator & Router Selection

The ability to choose industry standard equipment from manydifferent vendors was a fundamental requirement in selectingthe FDDI Standard as the wideband backbone network for the

University campus. By avoiding proprietary implementations,that are typically only available from a single sourcevendor, there is a greater opportunity for selectingequipment more appropriate to specific local needs. With alarge base of vendors marketing similar equipment, greatervendor competition will result in better purchase prices tothe University.

Market Research

Vendors were contacted during February and March 1992 andasked to respond on how their product met the University'sminimum technical requirements (i.e. those expectations that

must be met for the University implementation), what otherdesirable features their product offered, and what thepurchase price and ongoing maintenance charges were for apre defined configuration. The following tables, a set forFDDI Concentrators and a set for FDDI Routers, present theinformation obtained from the vendors. Each table has twosections - "MUST HAVE" enumerates the minimum technicalrequirements and "DESIRABLE" enumerates the features thatare desirable in seeking the best cost benefit ratio.

Equipment Selection

A decision analysis process beginning in April 1992 will

determine the vendor equipment most likely to meet theUniversity need together with the most appropriate costbenefit ratio. Short listed vendors will be asked to provideequipment manuals for review. Assuming that their productstill meets the requirements after this review, the vendorswill be asked, through the Purchase Requisition/TenderProcess, to quote for the supply and ongoing maintenance ofequipment. It is anticipated a decision analysis process inMay or June 1992 will then be able to determine thesuccessful bid, with a view to the delivery of equipment in

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the early autumn time frame.

FDDI Concentrator: Table 1 of 3 Dec Interphase NCR (AT&T) NetworkNSC

PerfsConcentrato FiberHUB StarLAN 100 NP-MC

FC-16r 500 Concen.

MUST HAVE:

established product Y X (Apr / Y YX (May /

May)June)

8 + ports (excluding Dual to 8 2 to 14 2 to 14 4 to 1216

Attached backbone ports)dual attached to ring Y Y Y Y

Yfield upgradable optical bypass Y Y Y X (factory

Yoption order)FDDI Station ManagemenT (SMT) Y Y Y X (6.1)

Yat level 6.2+FDDI Management Information Y ? X (planned) X (coming)

YBase with sets30 day evaluation Y Y ? Y

Ycompliance checkout by ANTC or both X (both Y Y

YUniv. New Hamp. planned) 

DESIRABLE:

dual MAC x optional x x?

field expandable

hot insertion of ports for x Y x xx

expansion/maintenanceoptional dual power supply x coming x x

xpower consumption (watts) 120 ? 400 200

130 

PRICING (including educ. 15% educ 20% educ

discount): discount discountPrice for DAC + 8 SAS ports $19624 ? ? $18250

$15947Maintenance Costs $259 ? ? $152

$143 / 

month

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Warranty 1 year on 1 year 1 year 1 year1 year

site 

Additional Features: single mode shielded shielded

twist pair twist pairshielded

twist pair 

FDDI Concentrator: Table 2 of 3 Optical SumitomoData

ODS 1092 ODS 1091 ODS 1090 Suminet-3500

MUST HAVE:established product Y Y Y

8 + ports (excluding Dual to 12 to 30 to 60 2/4/6/8Attached backbone ports)dual attached to ring Y Y Y Yfield upgradable optical bypass Y Y Y XoptionFDDI Station ManagemenT (SMT) Y Y Y Yat level 6.2+FDDI Management Information Y Y Y X (no sets)Base with sets30 day evaluation Y Y Y Ycompliance checkout by ANTC or both both both YUniv. New Hamp.

 DESIRABLE:dual MAC up to 4 up to 4 up to 4 Yfield expandablehot insertion of ports for Y Y Y Yexpansion or maint.optional dual power supply Y Y Y xpower consumption (watts) 700 700 700 60 max (or

300?) PRICING (including educ. 20 - 30% 20 - 30% 20 - 30% $US16K fordiscount): educ disc educ disc educ disc 10Price for DAC + 8 SAS ports $31845 for 33933 for 37500 for $US14.4K

12 12 12Maintenance Costs $186 $198 $219 not set yetWarranty 1 year 1 year 1 year 1 year Additional Features: single mode single mode single mode graceful

insertionstp stp stp

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FDDI Concentrator: Table 3 of 3 SynOptics 3Com TimeplexUBI

(Annixter/Signatel)

Model 2914 3904 in a Link Concentrato ASM-1000

3000-05 Builder 3GH r*32MUST HAVE:

established product Y Y Y YY

8 + ports (excluding Dual fixed @ 12 40 40 4 to 32to 14

Attached backbone ports)dual attached to ring Y Y Y Y

Yfield upgradable optical bypass Y Y Y $US1000

YoptionFDDI Station ManagemenT (SMT) Y Y Y Y

Yat level 6.2+FDDI Management Information Y Y X (no sets) Y

YBase with sets30 day evaluation Y Y Y Y

Ycompliance checkout by ANTC or Y Y ? Y

YUniv. New Hamp. 

DESIRABLE:

dual MAC up to 3 3 Y YY

field expandable x

hot insertion of ports for Y Y Y & other YY

expansion or maint. boardsoptional dual power supply x Y Y Y

Ypower consumption (watts) 105 460 1000 to 500

400 

PRICING (including educ.sans educ

discount):discount

Price for DAC + 8 SAS ports 24954 / 24K $33100 / $49727 $23814$30K for 10

21KMaintenance Costs n/a / $200 n/a / $175 $285 $330

?

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Warranty 1 year 1 year 1 year 90 days1 year

 

Additional Features: graceful no single all hot futureRISC better

insertion fail point standbys single mode MTBF

roving MAC roving MAC 

graceful

insertionredundant

 cpu optionsweeps rin

gfreq

rem. burn. 

upgradesNLM

security

FDDI Router : Table 1 of 4 Alantic Cisco Coral Fibermux 

PowerHUB AGS+ CX1200 CX1600 FX5520EZFX5510T

established product Y Y X (May) X (May)

MUST HAVE:4 or more LANS (exclud. Dual 12 to 18 to 8 to 16 X (1)

X (1)Attached FDDI) Eth/3

T/R

dual attach Y Y Y Y YYdual homing X Y Y Y Y

YFDDI Station ManagemenT (SMT) latest Y working working Y

Yat level 6.2+ on 7 on 7FDDI Management Information X Y Y Y X

XBase with sets802.3 Ethernet & Token/wRing X (no Y X (T/R X (T/R X (Eth

X (T/R(T/R) T/R) fall) fall) only)

only)Open Shortest Path First IP X Y X X X

n/arouting protocol (planned (coming) (coming)

)route ip & at least 1 other X (IP Y X (rest X (rest X (IP

n/aipx,ubi xns,ATalk only) coming) coming) only)bridge rest of protocols Y Y Y Y Y

Y

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learning bridge Y Y Y Y YY

address & protocol filtering Y Y Y Y YY

transparent (translating) Y Y Y Y YY

bridge30 day evaluation Y Y Y Y Y

YANTC or Univ New Hamp ANTC Y underway underway both

bothcompliance checkout plannedAppleTalk phase II x I & II I & II I & II x

n/aDESIRABLE: (planned coming coming

)Apple update-based routing x x (when Y Y

protocol (AURP) standard)

802.1d source routing n/a Y

hot insertion of ports fully x Y Y YY

configuredfield upgradable optical bypass Y Y Y Y Y

Yoptionoptional dual power supply planned x x Y x

xpower consumption (watts) 230 500 20 amps 20 amps 150

150memory no no no no no

nooption option option option option

option

Performance: internal bus (M 400 533 800 800 100100bits/sec)performance: FDDI <-> Eth PPS 1 ? ? ? ? ?

?portperformance: FDDI <-> Eth PPS 4 ? ? ? ? ?

?ports (agg.)performance: FDDI <-> FDDI ? ? 3 FDDIs 3 FDDIs ?

?forwarding full out full outperformance: FDDI filtering ? ? ? ? ?

?performance: Ethernet filtering ? ? ? ? ?

?Pricing (including educ. includes educ educ $US22 -

$US22Kdiscount) 30% disc not disc not $27K

set setPrice for 1 SAS + 4 Ethernets $US $31,920 ? $US45900 $US27K

$US22K28.8K

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for 12Maintenance Costs / month being $208 ? ? $US 135.$US 110.

workedon

Warranty (hardware/software) 1 yr/90 90 days not set not set 1 yr1 yr

daysAdditional Features: 10BaseT& routes 3 FDDIs fully need $8Kneed $8K

thinNET 16 redundan NMSNMS

protocol tnon OSI self-

blocked healing> 1282 FDDIs 3 FDDIs

FDDI Router : Table 2 of 4 Fibronic NCR NEC NSC

s (AT&T)FX8210B Brouter XR2000 6600 6400

6800 450established product Y Y Y Y Y

YMUST HAVE:4 or more LANS (exclud. Dual 2 or 4 to 22 4 2 or 4 to 12 /

to 20Attached FDDI) 16dual attach Y Y Y Y Y

Ydual homing Y Y Y Y Y

YFDDI Station ManagemenT (SMT) X (6.1) Y Y Y Y

Yat level 6.2+FDDI Management Information Y X X (3/4 Y Y

YBase with sets (planned '92)

)802.3 Ethernet & Token/wRing Y Y Y X (T/R X (T/R

X (T/R(T/R) June) 3/4 '92)3/4 '92)

Open Shortest Path First IP X X Y Y YY

routing protocol (planned

)route ip & at least 1 other X (IP Y Y Y Y

Yipx,ubi xns,ATalk only)bridge rest of protocols Y Y Y Y Y

Ylearning bridge Y Y Y Y Y

Yaddress & protocol filtering Y Y Y Y Y

Y

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transparent (translating) Y Y Y Y XX

bridge30 day evaluation Y ? Y Y Y

YANTC or Univ New Hamp Y Y both Y Y

Ycompliance checkoutAppleTalk phase II x Y Y Y Y

YDESIRABLE:Apple update-based routing x x part3/4, under under

underprotocol (AURP) full 1/4 developm devel.

devel.ent

802.1d source routing n/a Y Y

hot insertion of ports n/a x x n/a xx

field upgradable optical bypass Y Y Y ? x (fact.x (fact.

option order)order)

optional dual power supply x x x x xxpower consumption (watts) 100 410 231 130 1000/120

15000

Memory default ? 512K to 2 megs 2 stand,4 stand,

6K addrs 2megs fixed 2 opt4 opt

Performance: internal bus (M n/a 550 + 80 800 400 400800

bits/sec)performance: FDDI <-> Eth PPS 1 6400 line ? ?

?portperformance: FDDI <-> Eth PPS 4 6400 65 K 25 K ? ?

?ports (agg.)performance: FDDI <-> FDDI n/a 25 K n/a ?

?forwardingperformance: FDDI filtering full full 160 K ? ?

?FDDI

performance: Ethernet filtering full full 14.8 K ? ??

EthernetPricing (including educ. 25 $24.3K

discount) percent for 2Ether

Price for 1 SAS + 4 Ethernets 46000 ? $US18750 $28.3K $34.9K$39.4K

Maintenance Costs / month 230 ? $US62.50 $291, $386/$457/wMo

$340 month

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nthWarranty (hardware/software) 90 days 1 year 1 year 1 year 1 year

1 yearAdditional Features: single up to 4 srce RISC to 3

to 5mode FDDIs route FDDI?

FDDIstunnel

some OSI to 3 high to 3to

FDDIs perf,low RISCs/in3RISCs/i

cost tnt

Cisco's OSI OSI 9x5 on9x5 on

box? coming sitesite

FDDI Router : Table 3 of 4 Proteon Sumitomo 3ComTimeplex

(Gandalf/L.A./Texscan)ProNET CNX 500 SUMINET NETBuilder

Time/Lan p4200 3500 II100

established product Y Y ? YY

MUST HAVES:4 or more LANS (exclud. Dual to 5 to 4 to 6 6

to 8Attached FDDI)dual attach Y Y Y Y

Ydual homing Y Y Y Y

& cleave

FDDI Station ManagemenT (SMT) Y Y Y YYat level 6.2+FDDI Management Information end of end of X Y

YBase with sets March March802.3 Ethernet & Token/wRing Y (T/R 4) Y Y X (T/R 3/4) Y(T/R)Open Shortest Path First IP I & II Y X Y

Yrouting protocol (developing

)

route ip & at least 1 other Y Y X (rest YY (ATalk

ipx,ubi xns,ATalk planned)planned)

bridge rest of protocols Y Y Y YY

learning bridge Y Y spanning Y YY

treeaddress & protocol filtering Y Y Y Y

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Ytransparent (translating) Y Y Y Y

Ybridge30 day evaluation Y Y Y Y

YANTC or Univ New Hamp X Y Y Y

Ycompliance checkoutAppleTalk phase 2 special Y n/a Y

xDESIRABLES: loadApple update-based routing 3/4 '92 3/4 '92 n/a mid summer

xprotocol (AURP)802.1d source routing x Y Y¾ Y

Yhot insertion of ports x x x Y

xfield upgradable optical bypass Y Y Y consumes Y

Yoption slotoptional dual power supply x Y x x

x

power consumption (watts) 2.5 amps ? 60 max to 500 BTU300Memory 2 megs 2 data/2 no option 12 meg2 stand, 8

recomm. instr standardplanned

stand.Performance: internal bus (M 320 busless 320 800

528bits/sec) (800)performance: FDDI <-> Eth PPS 1 8 - 9 K not

?port

performance: FDDI <-> Eth PPS 4 ? 30 K tested?ports (agg.)performance: FDDI <-> FDDI ? n/a yet

?forwardingperformance: FDDI filtering 90 - 100 K line speed ?

line rate(160K)

performance: Ethernet filtering 9 - 10 K near line ?line rate

speedPricing (including educ. / /15% 20% ed dis

discount) planPrice for 1 SAS + 4 Ethernets $33/29.4/no 25/21/21 K $US19.2 $24,480

28668Bid

Monthly maintenance Costs $350/171/no $275/123/22 not set yet $190$298

Bid 6Warranty (hardware/software) 12 / 3(?) 12 / 3(?) 1 year 1 year

90 day

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months monthsAdditional Features: 2 FDDIs National OSI routing OSI

laterchip

single modesome OSI RISC

to 3 FDDI1st gen 2nd

firmwareFDDI generation

downloadsFDDI

FDDI Router : Table 4 of 4 UBI WellFleet

ASM - Link Concentr Backbone Back.5361 Node ator Link Concent.

Node Node Nodeestablished product X (March X (May &MUST HAVE: & upgrade)

upgrade)4 or more LANS (exclud. Dual now 9, to 12 to 48 to 12 to 48Attached FDDI) midYear

36

dual attach Y Y Y Y Ydual homing Y Y Y Y YFDDI Station ManagemenT (SMT) Y Y Y Y Yat level 6.2+FDDI Management Information June/Jul summer summer summer summerBase with sets y sets sets sets sets sets802.3 Ethernet & Token/wRing Y Y Y Y YOpen Shortest Path First IP Y Y Y Y Yrouting protocolroute ip & at least 1 other Y Y Y Y Yipx,ubi xns,ATalkbridge rest of protocols Y Y Y Y Ylearning bridge Y Y Y Y Y

address & protocol filtering Y extensiv extensiv extensiv extensive e e etransparent (translating) Y Y Y Y Ybridge30 day evaluation Y Y Y Y YANTC or Univ New Hamp X ANTC Univ New Univ New Univ New Univ Newcompliance checkout for 2/2 Hamp Hamp Hamp Hamp

'92AppleTalk phase 2 Y Y Y Y YDESIREABLES: (bridge (bridge (bridge (bridge

I) I) I) I)Apple update-based routing by end Y Y Y Yprotocol (AURP) of '92

802.1d source routing 4/4 '92 Y Y Y Yhot insertion of ports Y June for June for June for June for

software software software softwarefield upgradable optical bypass Y Y Y Y Yoptionoptional dual power supply Y x Y x Ypower consumption (watts) 400 175 385 1120 ?Memory no 5 5 5 5

option recommen recommen recommen recommended ded ded ded

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Performance: internal bus (M 320 320 320 1000 1000bits/sec)performance: FDDI <-> Eth PPS 1 ? Eth wire Eth wire Eth wire Eth wireportperformance: FDDI <-> Eth PPS 4 ? 60 K 190 K 150 K 480 Kports (agg.)performance: FDDI <-> FDDI ? 20 K 20 K 75 K 75 Kforwardingperformance: FDDI filtering 500 K ? ? ? ?performance: Ethernet filtering wire wire wire wire wirePricing (includ educ discount) 20 - 30% 20 - 30% 20 - 30% 20 - 30%

educ dis educ dis educ educdisc disc

Price for 1 SAS + 4 Ethernets ? 26468 34857 45784(8 86620(8Ethernet Ethernet

?) s?)Maintenance Costs / month ? 154/54 203/54 267/54 505/54Warranty (hardware/software) 1 year 1 year 1 year 1 year 1 yearAdditional Features: single OSI OSI 68040 no

mode demo'd demo'd singlefailurepoint

to 6 single single to 4 to 13FDDI soon soon FDDIs FDDIs

dual graphica graphicaRISCs l user l usereach int intFDDI

Phase 1 to Phase 4 Cost Analysis

The implementation of a campus wide FDDI Backbone Networkinvolves the commitment of substantial financial resourceson the part of the University. As described in the FDDILayout on Campus, a phased implementation is proposed. The

development plan calls for Phase 1 to be completed in 1992,Phase 2 and Phase 3 to be completed in 1993, and Phase 4 in1994. Although ambitious, this is also a practicalschedule. The following summary tables enumerate theexpected capital and operating commitments that will beincurred in implementing each phase. It should be noted thatthese are estimates representing a best judgment of likelyexpenditures; not the actual amounts that can only beascertained during the appropriate purchasing andinstallation processes.

Capital Costs

Listed by building, this estimate includes the purchase andinstallation cost of the supporting backbone fiber opticcable plant, connectors, patch panels, appropriate FDDIConcentrator or FDDI Router equipment, and uninterruptablepower supply. This places an FDDI Backbone connection in thebasement of the indicated building.

Operating Cost

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Listed by building, this estimate includes the anticipatedannual costs in maintaining the FDDI Concentrator or FDDIRouter, both hardware and software, and providingmaintenance service for the uninterruptable power supply.

Budget Parameters

The following rates have been used for the purpose of budgetplanning:

Capital Operating

Fiber Optic Strand / $1meterFDDI Concentrator $25K $2.4KFDDI Router $35K $2.4KUninterruptable Power $1.8K $500Supply

Propo Node Building Ring Node Fibre optic Capital Operatised cable ng

in Lett Location length in Costs CostsPhase er meters1 A Second floor GSB 0 $162,80 $5,600.

GSB to 0.00 001 D Cameron CAB 180 $6,505. $2,450.

Library 00 001 D Chemistry CAB IN Place $0.00 $0.001 D Electrical Eng CAB 193 $5,888. $50.00

001 D Civil Eng CAB IN Place $0.00 $0.001 B Mechanical Mechanical Ring Node $7,950. $200.00

Location 001 C Business Bus. Tunnel Ring Node $7,950. $200.00

Location 001 D CAB CAB Ring Node $39,450 $3,100.Location .00 00

1 Phase 1 $230,54 $11,600Totals= 3.00 .00

12 A Agriculture GSB 185 $36,760 $2,450.

Forestry to .00 002 B Chem/Mineral Mechanical 350 $39,400 $2,450.

Eng .00 002 B Assiniboia Mechanical In Place $0.00 $0.00

Hall2 B Bio Sciences Mechanical In Place $32,275 $2,450.

.00 002 B Mechanical Mechanical Ring Node $61,600 $5,350.

Location .00 002 B Nuclear Mechanical In Place $32,700 $2,450.

Physics .00 002 C Earth Sciences Bus. Tunnel 250 $39,400 $2,450.

.00 002 C Business Bus. Tunnel 50 $62,400 $5,350.

.00 002 C Rutherford Bus. Tunnel 200 $37,000 $2,450.

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.00 002 C Law Centre Bus. Tunnel 650 $44,200 $2,450.

.00 002 D CAB CAB Ring Node $118,57 $2,450.

Location 0.00 002 E Administration SUB 153 $36,360 $2,450.

.00 002 E University SUB In Place $33,800 $2,450.

Hall .00 002 E SUB SUB Ring Node $65,900 $5,000.

Location .00 002 E SUB SUB 50 $6,400. $2,950.

00 002 E Van Vliet SUB 50 $34,600 $2,450.

Centre .00 002 F Education Base Med. 125 $35,800 $2,450.

North/South .00 002 F Heritage Base Med. 190 $36,840 $2,450.

Medical .00 002 F Base Med. Base Med. Ring Node $68,300 $5,500.

Location .00 002 F UAH Educ. & Base Med. 420 $12,520 $2,450.

Dev. Cntr .00 002 G WMHCS 2080 Tunnel 300 $38,600 $2,450.

.00 002 G Extension 2080 Tunnel In Place $32,200 $2,450.Centre .00 00

2 G Corbett Hall 2080 Tunnel In Place $32,200 $2,450..00 00

2 G Clinical 2080 Tunnel 100 $33,800 $2,450.Science .00 00

2 Station 2080 2080 Tunnel Ring Node $36,700 $3,100.Location .00 00

2 Phase 2 $971,62 $68,250Totals= 5.00 .00

23 H Heating Plant Heating Plt Ring Node $132,70 $3,100.

Location 0.00 003 H Materials Heating Plt 260 $37,960 $2,450.Management .00 00

3 H Lister Hall Heating Plt 410 $40,360 $2,450..00 00

3 E SUB SUB Ring Node $3,050. $0.00Location 00

3 A Printing GSB 175 $7,100. $50.00Services to 00

3 A Hydraulics Lab GSB 150 $6,700. $50.0000

3 A Structural Eng GSB 235 $8,060. $50.00Lab 00

3 B Athabasca Hall Mechanical 255 $8,380. $50.0000

3 B CFER Mechanical 250 $6,800. $50.0000

3 B Physics Mechanical 275 $38,200 $2,450..00 00

3 C Humanities Bus. Tunnel 200 $37,000 $2,450..00 00

3 C HUB Mall Bus. Tunnel 250 $8,300. $50.0000

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3 C Fine Arts Bus. Tunnel 500 $41,800 $2,450..00 00

3 C Home Economics Bus. Tunnel 418 $11,020 $50.00.00

3 D Arts/Convocati CAB 167 $7,020. $50.00on Hall 00

3 E Dentistry- SUB 404 $40,360 $2,450.Pharmacy .00 00

3 E Industrial SUB 138 $6,540. $50.00Design Studio 00

3 E Universiade SUB 303 $38,760 $2,450.Pavillion .00 00

3 E Education SUB 241 $37,640 $2,450.Parkade .00 00

3 F Newton Base Med. 12 $34,120 $2,450.Research .00 00

3 A Second floor GSB Ring Node $32,550 $2,400.GSB to Location .00 00

3 Phase 3 $584,42 $28,000Totals= 0.00 .00

34 A RCMS to GSB 150 $6,700. $50.00

004 B Mechanical Mechanical Ring Node $31,200 $2,400.

Engineering Location .00 004 B Pembina Hall Mechanical 320 $9,420. $50.0000

4 B Temporary Lab Mechanical 150 $6,700. $50.0000

4 B V-Wing Mechanical 150 $6,700. $50.0000

4 C Business Bus. Tunnel Ring Node $31,200 $2,400.Tunnel Location .00 00

4 C Tory (Turtle) Bus. Tunnel 150 $6,700. $50.0000

4 C Alberta Bus. Tunnel 400 $10,700 $50.00Cultural .00

Herit.4 C St. Stephen's Bus. Tunnel 493 $12,300 $50.00College .00

4 C Garneau Bus. Tunnel 750 $16,300 $50.00Trailer .00Complex

4 C University Bus. Tunnel 600 $13,900 $50.00Health Serv .00

4 D Power Plant CAB 174 $7,100. $50.00North 00

4 D South Lab CAB 63 $5,340. $50.0000

4 D CAB CAB Ring Node $31,200 $2,400.

Location .00 004 E St. Joseph's SUB 100 $1,000. $50.00

College 004 G R-C Blood 2080 Tunnel 130 $6,380. $50.00

Centre 004 G Rehaab Med 2080 Tunnel 350 $9,900. $50.00

Trailers 004 H Kelsey Hall Lister Hall 100 $5,900. $50.00

004 H MacKenzie Hall Lister Hall 100 $5,900. $50.00

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004 H Henday Hall Lister Hall 100 $5,900. $50.00

004 H Aberhart Heating Plt 370 $10,220 $50.00

Nurses Res. .004 H Aberhart Heating Plt 420 $11,020 $50.00

Services .004 H Aberhart Heating Plt 450 $11,500 $50.00

Centre .004 H Mewburn Heating Plt 350 $9,900. $50.00

Veterans Cent 004 H Cross Cancer Heating Plt 360 $10,060 $50.00

Institute .004 H Services Heating Plt 300 $9,100. $50.00

Building 004 H Nuclear Mag Heating Plt 470 $11,820 $50.00

Resonance .004 H Heating Plant Heating Plt Ring Node $62,350 $4,800.

Location .00 00Phase 4 $366,41 $13,200Totals= 0.00 .00

 Splice $7,000.

/Connector 00

EquipmentRequired =Testing $40,000

Diagnostic/ .00Equipment

Required =Network $42,000

Management .00Equipment

Required =Spares = $55,000

.00Project $229,70

Contingency 0.00= 

Total for $2,526, $121,05the Project 698.00 0.00=

Phase 1 Implementation Outline

Implement a Phase 1 fiber service

between GSB & CABFrom To

- Select & Test Router Hardware 92.04 92.05- Select & Test Concentrator Hardware 92.04 92.05- Tender for Fiber Supplier 92.04 92.05- Order Fiber 92.05 92.06- Order Routers 92.06 92.07- Order Concentrator 92.06 92.07- Install Fiber (Physical Plant) 92.07 92.07- Install Connector Termination's 92.07 92.08

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- Ensure Cable plant meets 92.08 92.08specification- Test FDDI equipment in local environs 92.08 92.08- Attach FDDI equipment to Phase 1 92.08 92.08cable- Test Phase 1 Implementation 92.09 92.10- Publish information on Connection 92.08 92.08Costs & Rates2- Publish information on How to Connect392.08 92.08- Advise Phase 1 Clients of impending 92.09 92.09Conversion- Convert Phase 1 to Production, 92.10 92.12attaching

GSB to Production BackboneNetwork

ChemistryMathematicsElectrical EngineeringCameron LibraryCivil Engineering

- Review all aspects of Phase 1 92.08 92.12- Determine Phase 2 Technology4 92.12

Funding

Capital Funding

The provision of a high capacity fiber optic backbonerepresents a significant financial investment that isestimated to cost $3.25 million to provide backboneconnectivity to the campus buildings. In recognition of thefiscal constraints facing the University an effective

balance has been set between a phased implementation that iscognizant of the campus need, the available financial andstaffing resources and the financial capacity of theinstitution.

Through careful stewardship of past expenditures UCS hasaccumulated several funds in anticipation of major capitalenterprises. A more recent University policy requiring UCSto convert $1M operating base budget to capital over a fiveyear term provides a further source of funding.

The following itemizes the various sources of funds and thelien that will be placed against their respective accounts

forthwith.

Operating to Capital Conversion

A financial plan initiated by the President and the Board ofGovernors requires UCS to convert $1M base operating budgetto base capital budget over a 5 year period. Under thisplan $400K is to be converted by April 1st 1992 with theremaining balance being scheduled as $200K conversions onApril 1st 1993, 1994 and 1995.

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From this source, UCS will allocate $400K during the 1992fiscal year, followed by $500K during the 1993 fiscal year,$600K in the 1994 fiscal year and $425K in the 1995 fiscalyear. This represents a major commitment by UCS to thefiber optic backbone project over the 4 year term.

Network Reserve

This account was established in recognition of expendituresrelated to the continued operation of the communicationsinfrastructure across the campus. The various connectioncharges for campus connectivity form the source of funds forthe account, while the provision of the communicationshardware represents the expenditures. The difference betweenrevenue and expenditure forms a reserve specificallyintended for improvements to the central campus connectivityservice. As of December 1991 the account holds some $656K.

From this source, UCS will seek $400K during fiscal year1992, followed by $100K during fiscal year 1994. Theomission of a lien during fiscal year 1993 is intentional.It is anticipated that complexities converting existinglocal area networks to the backbone may require one time

funding that would be appropriately and correctly leviedagainst the reserve.

Long Term Reserve

This reserve is intended to assist in financing majorcentral computing expenditures. Through persistently frugalmanagement UCS has accumulated $600K+. However, majorexpenditures aside from the fiber optic backbone network areanticipated within the planning period.

From this source, UCS will allocate $100K during fiscal year1992, followed by $400K during fiscal year 1993. Thus

hopefully not compromising the central mainframe andsoftware upgrades or purchases, while continuing toimplement the network in a speedy and efficient manner.

Annual Capital Allocation

UCS will seek an allocation of $100K for fiscal year 1992. Asimilar application for $100K will be made in each of thefiscal years 1993 and 1994. Notwithstanding that eachapplication will be justified on the merits of campusbackbone connectivity, annual allocations of the ordermentioned can redress the $231K funds transferred to thecentral administration from the Network Reserve Account in

1989.

Outline Plan

The following table outlines the planned provision of $3.25Macross a 4 year period for the implementation of the fiberoptic backbone network. Although current estimates place thecost at $3.25M it is anticipated, and supportive industryevidence is emerging, that prices for the technology will bereducing as the technology becomes more commonly in use.

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These possible future benefits will be evaluated as the planprogresses.

 Funding Source 1992/19 1993/19 1994/19 1995/19

93 94 95 96 Operating to Capital $ 400 K $ 500 K $ 600 K $ 425 KConversion Network Reserve $ 400 K - $ 100 K - Long Term Reserve $ 100 K $ 400 K - - Annual Capital $ 100 K $ 100 K $ 100 K -Allocation 

$ 1 M $ 1 M $ 800 K $ 425 KTotal

Operating Funding

The continuing changes in work patterns in all campusconstituencies, the opportunities presented by thetechnological advancements that can be purchased from theworld wide industry and the pressures upon the University toachieve even greater levels of efficiency all contribute tothe evolution and the displacement of current hardware,software and services. The balance is often difficult toachieve between retaining the old to further capitalize onprevious investment versus venturing into the new with allthe attendant challenges of change. Notwithstanding thedifficulties, steady and even leveled progress is required

for the University to maintain its stature of excellence andrespect as an institution of learning. The obligation uponthe service providers is to demonstrate a well managedevolution.

The premise throughout is that while introducing newoperating expenditures, those expenditures must be offset bythe savings accrued in decommissioning the older lessefficient technology.

In 1989 Network Systems Limited ceased new development andfeature enhancement for their HYPERbus line. The productcould continue to be purchased through to 1991. Further,

their engineering support organization would continuemaintenance and service through to early 1994. Within thisscenario CNS Data Communications & Networks undertook topublicize the business situation and prepare a statement ofdirection outlining the short and long term alternatives.Further, that alternative methods of connection would bepromoted as opportunities arose, and that contingency planswould be prepared for a limited HYPERbus support beyond thevendors dissolution date.

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The FDDI Backbone Network provides connectivity for thatuser base converting from the 327x Terminal workingenvironment to a Local Area Network working environment.These conversions must be encouraged given the difficultiesof CNS having to self maintain the HYPERbus in the future.In this context it is reasonable to divert operating fundingfrom HYPERbus to the FDDI Backbone Network; while alwaysbeing cognizant that any diversion must not compromise thecurrently operating HYPERbus service.

1992/19 1993/19 1994/19 1995/1993 94 95 96

HYPERbus Maintenance $ 152 K $ 152 K $ 152 K $ 152 K FDDI Phase 1 $ 11.6 $ 11.6 $ 11.6 $ 11.6Operating K K K KFDDI Phase 2 $ 68.2 $ 68.2 $ 68.2Operating K K KFDDI Phase 3 $ 28.0 $ 28.0Operating K KFDDI Phase 4 $ 13.2Operating K

Total $ 11.6 $ 79.8 $ 107.8 $ 121.0

K K K KEstimated HYPERbus $ 140.4 $ 70.0 $ 60.0 $ 60.0Maintenance K K K K

Balance $ 0 $ 2.2 K ($ 15.8 ($ 29.0K) K)

Although challenging, the Operating expenditures for fiscalyears 1992/1993 and 1993/1994 are manageable within theexisting budget. Starting in fiscal year 1994/1995 there isa significant shortfall that requires both the furtherreduction of the HYPERbus maintenance costs (which may notbe practical) and an attendant application to the University

administration for increased base funding to cover theshortfall in expenditures.

Staff Resources

The implementation of the FDDI Backbone Network and theconversion of the existing Ethernet Backbone clients to theFDDI Backbone Network, represents net new obligations placedon the existing staff resources of CNS Data Communications &Networks. Even though the FDDI technology is expected to bemore reliable and therefore less staff intensive for

support and maintenance, it will be used more extensivelyand it is certainly more complex. Some relief is expectedthrough the progressive relinquishing of HYPERbusconnections. By embarking upon a new and leading edgetechnological endeavor, it is incumbent upon CNS DataCommunications & Networks to focus the attention of the bestand most appropriate staff upon the FDDI implementation. Todo this the identified technical specialists must berelieved to a large extent from their current duties.

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To achieve this the pragmatic solution would be to requesttwo 2 year term appointments. Beyond that time, it is feltthat the network can be managed and operated by the existingstaff levels.

However, it would be premature at this time to request theindicated term appointments without first being very certainthat the required resources could not be leveraged from theexisting staff base. That Computing & Network Services mustat the same time reduce staff levels to fulfill theOperating to Capital Conversion and the expected Base BudgetReduction is a dichotomy that must be respected. Especiallyas the FDDI Backbone Network is the significant beneficiaryof capital funding resulting from the operating to capitalconversion to date. A careful analysis and internalreorganization of CNS Data Communications & Network staff,function and service is planned to begin in May 1992. If therequired resources can not be leveraged through the existingstaff base, then a formal request for assistance will placedwith the Vice President (Student & Academic Services) byAugust 1992.

Appendix

Networking Advisory Committee

The exploding demand for the interoperability ofcommunication services across diverse and distributedcomputer platforms, both locally and world wide, requiresnew vehicles of partnership, information sharing andplanning with the users of communication technology on thecampus. To achieve cost effective solutions in an arena ofrapidly changing communication technology and services, the

Networking Advisory Committee is committed to forging aparticipatory leadership and knowledge sharing base in theuse and application of networking and the orderly planningand integration of the new FDDI communication capability.

There exists a diversity of requirements across the campusthat can be coupled with what are invariably expensivetechnological opportunities within the communicationsindustry. The strategic and tactical communication decisionsrequire a platform of dialog for the analysis of need, theformation of consensus in objectives and the review ofachievements. An enduring advisory committee, comprising ofrepresentatives from the key user constituencies and under

the umbrella of Vice Presidential support provides the forumfor the efficient and effective navigation of the issues andopportunities.

Terms of Reference

Reporting to the Vice President Student and AcademicServices, the Networking Advisory Committee will assess theneeds of the existing and future networking infrastructuresappropriate to the campus from a strategic perspective and

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participate and advise in the translation of theserequirements into functional, security sensitive andadaptable networking plans for the university community.

Appointments

On invitation from the Chair Person of the NetworkingAdvisory Committee subsequent to the approval of the VicePresident of Student & Academic Services and the Director ofComputing and Network Services.

Meetings

Irregular according to the mission of the day, however notless frequent than semi annually, June and December, toreview achievements from the previous period and plans forthe next period.

Agenda

Items included on request to the Chair Person accompanied byappropriate supporting documents for circulation prior to ameeting.

Minutes

A synopsis of the business conducted at a meeting anddistributed within one month subsequent to a meeting.

Membership

 Member Department Pho E-Mail

ne

 *Brian Registrar 372 [email protected], 3Chair *Monica Computing and 476 monica_beltrametti@qBeltramett Network Services 7 uest.ucs.ualberta.cai *Will Computing and 246 [email protected] Network Services 0 Jim Heilik University 528 jheilik(PROFS)

Libraries 2 Craig Educational 490 craig_montgomerie@adMontgomeri Administration 6 min.educ.ualberta.cae Bob Hayes Chemical 357 [email protected].

Engineering 1 *Steve Computing Science 476 [email protected]

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Sutphen 8 . Keith Computing and 246 [email protected] Network Services 0 Kevin Physical Plant 426 [email protected] 1 Peter Business 412 [email protected] 0 Doug Owram History 085 [email protected].

8 Phil Electical 148 haswell@eeHaswell Engineering 6 *Bob Busch Research 532 [email protected].

0

* Executive Membership

Glossary

adapter: A device (single attachment or dual attachment)used to connect end-user nodes to the FDDI network; eachcontains an interface to a specific type of workstation orsystem.

adaptive routing: A form of routing in which messages areforwarded through the network along the most cost-effectivepath currently available and are automatically rerouted ifrequired by changes in the network topology (for example, ifa circuit becomes disabled).

American National Standards Institute: An organization thatcoordinates, develops, and publishes standards for use inthe United States.

ANSI: See American National Standards Institute

asynchronous transmission: The transmission of dataaccording to token-holding rules. Data transmission isinitiated by the token holder if the token holding timer hasnot expired.

attenuation: The amount of power (or light) that is lost as

the light travels from the transmitter through the medium tothe receiver. The difference between transmitted andreceived power. Expressed in decibels (dB).

backbone: A network configuration that connects various LANstogether into an integrated network, as for example, in acampus environment.

bandwidth: A measure of the amount of traffic the media canhandle at one time. In digital communications, describes the

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amount of data that can be transmitted over the line in bits-per-second.

beacon: A specialized frame used by media access control toannounce to other stations that the ring is broken.

bridge: An intelligent, protocol-independent, store-and-forward device that operates as a Data Link layer relay.Used to connect similar or dissimilar LANs. Thus permittingthe creation of extended LANs.

Building: Buildings located on the University of Albertamain campus excluding those buildings identified in FDDILayout on Campus as not being accessible from the UtilityCorridor System.

building backbone subsystem: Provides the link between thebuilding and campus backbone. This subsystem consists of anintermediate crossconnect located in an equipment room andthe cables that connect it to the telecommunicationscrossconnect.

bypass: The ability of a station to be optically orelectronically isolated from the network while maintaining

the integrity of the ring.

campus backbone subsystem: The cabling and crossconnectsbetween clusters of buildings within a site. One buildingcontains the main crossconnect.

Campus Building: see Building.

carrier-sense multiple access with collision detect: Thechannel access method used by Ethernet and ISO 8802-3 LANs.Each station waits for an idle channel before transmittingand detects overlapping transmission by other stations.

CCITT (Comite Consultatif International Telegraphique etTelephonique): See International Telegraph and TelephoneConsultative Committee

CFM: See configuration management

claim process: A technique used to determine which stationwill initialize the FDDI ring.

CMT: See connection management

concentrator: An FDDI node that provides additionalattachment points for stations that are not connected

directly to the dual ring. The concentrator is the focalpoint of the dual ring of trees topology.

configuration management: That portion of connectionmanagement that provides for the configuration of PHY andMAC entities within a node.

connection management: That portion of the StationManagement function that controls insertion, removal, andconnection of the PHY and MAC entities within a station.

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counter-rotating ring: An arrangement where two signalpaths, whose direction is opposite to each other, exist in aring topology.

crossconnect: Patch cable and passive hardware that is usedto administer the connection of cables at a central orremote location.

CSMA/CD: See carrier-sense multiple access with collisiondetect

DAC: See dual attachment concentrator

DAS: See dual attachment station

Data Link layer: Layer 2 of the OSI model that defines frameconstruction, addressing, error detection, and otherservices to higher layers.

decode: The act of recovering the original information froman encoded signal.

destination address filtering: A feature of bridges where

only messages intended for nodes on the extended LAN areforwarded.

Differential Manchester encoding: A signaling method thatencodes clock and data information into bit symbols. Eachbit symbol is divided into two halves, where the second halfis the inverse of the first half. A zero is represented by apolarity change at the start of the bit time; a one isrepresented by no polarity change at the start of the bittime.

downstream: A term that refers to the relative position oftwo stations in a ring. A station is downstream of its

neighbor if it receives the token after its neighborreceives the token.

dual attachment concentrator: A concentrator that offers twoconnections to the FDDI network capable of accommodating theFDDI dual (counter-rotating) ring, and additional ports forconnection of other concentrators or FDDI stations.

dual attachment station: An FDDI station that offers twoconnections to the FDDI network capable of accommodating theFDDI dual (counter-rotating) ring.

dual homing: A method of cabling concentrators and stations

that permits an alternate or backup path to the dual ring incase the primary connection fails. Can be used in a tree ordual ring of trees configuration.

dual ring of trees: A topology of concentrators and nodesthat cascade from concentrators on a dual ring.

ECM: See entity coordination management

EIA: See Electronic Industries Association

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Electronic Industries Association: A standards organizationspecializing in the electrical and functionalcharacteristics of interface equipment.

encapsulating bridge: A proprietary hardware device thatencapsulates packets in specialized frames.

encode: The act of changing data into a series of electricalor optical pulses that can travel efficiently over a medium.

entity: An active element within an Open SystemsInterconnection layer or sublayer.

entity coordination management: That portion of connectionmanagement that provides for controlling bypass relays andsignaling to PCM that the medium is available, and forcoordinating trace functions.

extended LAN: A collection of local area networksinterconnected by protocol independent store-and-forwarddevices (bridges).

fiber: A dielectric waveguide that guides light.

FDDI: See Fiber Distributed Data Interface

Fiber Distributed Data Interface: A set of ANSI/ISOstandards that define a high-bandwidth (100 Mb/s) LAN thatuses a timed token protocol and fiber optic cable as thetransmission medium.

fiber optic cable: A jacketed fiber or bundle of fibers.

fiber optics: A technology whereby signals in the form ofpulses of light are transmitted over an optical waveguidemedium through the use of light emitting transmitters and

light detecting receivers.

fragmentation: A process in which large frames from onenetwork are broken up into smaller frames that arecompatible with the frame size requirements of the networkto which they will be forwarded.

fragment: In FDDI, pieces of a frame left on the ring;caused by a station stripping a frame from the ring.

frame: A data message that includes the source address,destination address, data, frame check sequence, and controlinformation.

graded index: A characteristic of fiber optic cable in whichthe core refractive index is varied so that it is high atthe center and matches the refractive index of the claddingat the core-cladding boundary.

header: Control information attached to the front of anEthernet frame by an encapsulating bridge. The header, inconjunction with the trailer, surround the frame prior tothe bridge forwarding it to an FDDI network.

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ICC: See intermediate crossconnect

IEEE: See Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers

index profile: The refractive index of a fiber optic cableas a function of its distance from the core center.

Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers: Aninformation exchange organization. As part of its variousfunctions, it coordinates, develops, and publishes networkstandards for use in the United States following ANSI rules.

interconnect: A panel-mounted fiber optic coupler or wallbox-mounted fiber optic coupler used to join two cables with asingle pair of connectors.

intermediate crossconnect: An element in the EIA/TIA 568Commercial Building Wiring standard. Consists of the active,passive, and support components that connect theinterbuilding cabling and the intrabuilding cabling for abuilding.

intermediate system: An OSI term for a system that

originates and terminates traffic, and that also forwardstraffic to other systems. Also referred to as IS.

International Organization for Standardization: Aninternational agency that is responsible for developinginternational standards for information exchange.

International Telegraph and Telephone ConsultativeCommittee: An international consultative committee that setsinternational telecommunications and data communicationsusage standards.

interoperability: The ability of all system elements to

exchange information between single vendor and multivendorequipment. Also called open communications.

ISO: See International Organization for Standardization

LAN: See local area network

link-loss budget: The total amount of loss that can beintroduced and still have the optical system work

LLC: See Logical Link Control

local area network: A data communications network that spans

a limited geographical area. The network provides high-bandwidth communication over coaxial cable, twisted-pair,fiber, or microwave media. It is usually owned by the user.CNS supports Ethernet, Token Ring and Apple Talk LAN's.

Logical Link Control: Part of the Data Link layer of the OSImodel. It defines the transmission of a frame of databetween two stations with no intermediate switching nodes.

logical ring: The circular path a token follows in an FDDI

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network made up of all the connected MAC sublayers. Thephysical topology can be a dual ring of trees, a tree, or aring.

logical topology: See logical ring

MAC: See Media Access Control

MAC-bridge: A term used to describe any Data Link layerbridge.

main crossconnect: An element in the EIA/TIA 568 CommercialBuilding Wiring standard. Consists of the active, passive,and support components that connect the interbuildingbackbone cables between intermediate crossconnects.

Manchester encoding: A signaling method by which clock anddata bit information can be combined into a single, self-synchonizable data stream. A transition takes place in themiddle of each bit time. A low-to-high transition representsa one; a high-to-low transition represents a zero.

MCC: See main crossconnect

Media Access Control: The Data Link layer sublayerresponsible for scheduling, transmitting, and receiving dataon a shared medium local area network (for example, FDDI).

media interface connector: An optical fiber connector pairthat links the fiber media to the FDDI node or anothercable. The MIC consists of two halves. The MIC plugterminates an optical fiber cable. The MIC receptacle isassociated with the FDDI node.

MIC: See media interface connector

Network Connection (Standard): Allows campus Local Area

Networks that operate at data rates up to 16 megabits persecond to attach to the campus backbone.

Network Connection (Special): Allows connections to the campusbackbone network of LANs or devices that exceed 16 megabitsper second.

Network layer: Layer 3 of the OSI model that permitscommunications between network nodes in an open network.

node: Any device connected to a network (for example,station, concentrator, bridge).

nonreturn to zero: A data transmission technique in which apolarity level, high or low, represents a logical 1 or 0.

nonreturn to zero invert on ones: A data transmissiontechnique in which a polarity transition from low to high,or high to low, represents a logical 1. No polaritytransition represents a 0.

NRZ: See nonreturn to zero

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NRZI: See nonreturn to zero invert on ones

Open Systems Interconnection: Internationally acceptedframework of standards for intersystem communication. Aseven layer model, developed by the InternationalOrganization for Standardization, that covers all aspects ofinformation exchange between two systems.

optical receiver: An optoelectronic circuit that converts anincoming optical signal to an electrical signal; typically aphotodetector.

optical transmitter: An optoelectronic circuit that convertsan electrical signal to an optical signal; typically a lightemitting diode or laser diode.

OSI: See Open Systems Interconnection

packet: A group of bits, including data and controlelements, that are transmitted together. The controlelements include a source address, destination address,frame control and status indicators, and frame checksequence. The data and control elements and error-controlinformation are arranged in a specified format.

PCM: See physical connection management

peer-to-peer: Assigning of communications tasks so that datatransmission between logical groups or layers in a networkarchitecture is accomplished between entities in the samesublayer of the OSI model.

PHY: See Physical Layer Protocol

physical connection: In FDDI, the full-duplex physical layerassociation between adjacent PHYs in an FDDI ring.

physical connection management: That portion of connectionmanagement that manages the physical connect betweenadjacent PHYs. This includes the signaling of connectiontype, link confidence testing, and the enforcement ofconnection rules.

Physical layer: Layer 1 of the OSI model that defines andhandles the electrical and physical connections betweensystems. The physical layer can also encode data into a formthat is compatible with the medium.

Physical Layer Medium Dependent (PMD): The Physical Layersublayer that defines the physical requirements for nodes

that attach to the FDDI ring. Items defined by the PMDinclude transmit and receive power levels, connectorrequirements and fiber optic cable requirements.

Physical Layer Protocol (PHY): The Physical Layer sublayerthat defines the media independent portion of the PhysicalLayer in FDDI. Items defined by the PHY include symbols,line states, data encode/decode process, and the datarecovery process.

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physical link: The path, via PMD and attaching cable, fromthe transmit logic of one PHY to the receive logic of anadjacent PHY in an FDDI ring.

physical topology: The actual arrangement of cables andhardware that make up the network.

PMD: See Physical Layer Medium Dependent

power budget: The difference between transmit power andreceiver sensitivity, including any safety margins.

power penalty: The total loss introduced by planned-forsplices in the fiber link. Typically, extra splices areplanned but not immediately implemented.

propagation delay: The time it takes for a signal to travelacross the network.

protocols: Set of operating rules and procedures usuallygoverning peer-to-peer communications over a network.

protocol filtering: A feature in which some bridges can beprogrammed to always forward or always reject transmissions

that are originated under specified protocols.

receive: The act of a station accepting a frame, token orcontrol sequence from the ring.

refractive index: The measure of the speed of light in amaterial, relative to the speed of light in a vacuum.

repeat: The act of a station receiving a frame or tokenfrom an upstream station, retiming it, and placing it ontothe ring for its downstream neighbor. The repeating stationmay examine, copy to a buffer, or modify control bits in theframe as appropriate.

repeater: A level 1 hardware device that performs the basicactions of restoring signal amplitude, waveform, and timingof signals, before transmission onto another networksegment.

ring: Connection of two or more stations in a circularlogical topology. Information is passed sequentially betweenactive stations, each one in turn examining or copying thedata and finally returning it to the originating station,which removes it from the network.

Ring of Trees: An FDDI ring of trees consists of a backbone

ring with FDDI concentrators (the bases of the trees)inserted on the ring at strategic locations. Point-to-pointfibers (the branches of the trees) are run from thesebackbone concentrators to FDDI routers.

Ring Node Location: A point on the FDDI backbone ring atwhich some of the strands of fiber in the cable are cut andterminated on a patch panel to allow Concentrators orRouters to be connected to the ring by attaching them to thepatch panel using patch cables.

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router: A level 3 hardware device that uses layer 3protocols to control network communication between stationsand forwards messages to end-stations or other routers.

SAC: See single attachment concentrator

SAS: See single attachment station

sensitivity: The minimum power of an incoming optical signalthat is necessary for a receiver to be able to read thesignal.

ships-in-the-night: Refers to routing algorithms thatoperate independently of each other.

Simple Network Management Protocol: A high-level standards-based protocol for network management, usually used inTCP/IP networks.

single attachment concentrator: A concentrator that offersone attachment to the FDDI network and extra ports for theattachment of stations or other concentrators.

single attachment station: An FDDI station that offers oneattachment to the FDDI ring.

SMT: See Station Management

SNMP: See Simple Network Management Protocol

source address filtering: A feature of some bridges wheremessages from designated source addresses are either alwaysforwarded or always rejected.

spanning tree: A method of creating a loop-free logicaltopology on an extended LAN. Formation of a spanning tree

topology for transmission of messages across bridges isbased on the industry-standard spanning tree algorithmdefined in IEEE 802.1d.

station: An addressable node on an FDDI ring capable oftransmitting, receiving, and repeating data. A station hasone instance of SMT, at least one instance of PHY and PMD,and an optional MAC entity.

Station Management: The entity within a station on the FDDIring that monitors station activity and exercises overallcontrol of station activity.

step index: A characteristic of fiber optic cable in whichthe refractive index of the core material is uniform. Asudden change (or step) of the refractive index exists atthe core-cladding boundary.

stuck beacon: The condition where a station is locked intosending continuous beacon frames.

symbol: The smallest signaling element used by the MACsublayer. The symbol set consists of sixteen data symbols

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and sixteen nondata symbols. Each symbol corresponds to aspecific sequence of code bits (code group) to betransmitted by the Physical layer.

target token rotation time: The value used by the MACreceiver to time the operations of the MAC layer. The TTRTvalue varies, depending on whether or not the ring isoperational.

TCC: See telecommunications closet

telecommunications closet: An element in the EIA/TIA 568Commercial Building Wiring standard. The location forcrossconnects and active, passive, and support componentsthat provide the connection between the building backbonecabling and the horizontal wiring.

Telecommunications Industries Association: TIA was formedfrom the Electronics Industry Association (EIA) and theUnited States Telecommunications Buyers Association. The TIAfiber optic committees develop and publish testing standardsand specifications for fiber optic components and systems.

TIA: See Telecommunications Industries Association

timed-token protocol: The rules defining how the targettoken rotation time is set, the length of time a station canhold the token, and how the ring is initialized.

token: A bit pattern consisting of a unique symbol sequencethat circulates around the ring following a datatransmission. The token grants stations the right totransmit.

token holding timer: A timer that controls the amount oftime a station may hold the token in order to transmit;asynchronous frames.

token passing: A method where each node, in turn, receivesand passes on the right to use the channel. The nodes areusually configured in a logical ring.

token rotation timer: A clock that times the period betweenthe receipt of tokens.

trace: A diagnostic process to recover from a stuck-beaconcondition. The fault is localized to the beaconing MAC andits upstream neighbor MAC.

trailer: See header

translating bridge: A non proprietary MAC layer device usedto connect similar and dissimilar LANs according to 802.1drules.

transmit: The act of a station that consists of generating aframe, token or control sequence, and placing it on the ringfor receipt by the next (downstream) station.

TRT: See token rotation timer

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TTRT: See target token rotation time

TVX: See valid transmission timer

upstream: A term that refers to the relative position of twostations in a ring. A station is upstream of its neighbor ifit receives the token before its neighbor receives thetoken.

Utility Corridor: A system of tunnels interconnectingbuildings on the University campus.

valid transmission timer: A timer that times the periodbetween valid transmissions on the ring; used to detectexcessive ring noise, token loss, and other faults.

WAN: See wide area network

wide area network: A network spanning a large geographicalarea that provides communications among devices on aregional, national, or international basis.

window: As relates to a fiber optic cable, a window refers

to a wavelength region of relatively high transmittance,surrounded by regions of low transmittance.

wiring concentrator: See concentrator.

workgroup: A network configuration characterized by a smallnumber of attached devices spread over a limitedgeographical area.

 _______________________________ 1 A Standard Network Connection allows the attachment of atoken ring or ethernet LAN at speeds up to a maximum of 16megbits per second. Speeds in excess of 16 megabits per

second are considered to be Special Network Connection andwill be priced on a cost recovery basis.2This is a formalization of the existing procedures fordetermining rates, that provide for Ethernet Backboneconnections, to also accommodate FDDI connection procedures.This is not a Phase 1 contingent task.3This a formalization of current CNS Data Communications &Network procedures, and is not a Phase 1 contingent task.4This is a Phase 2 task that is shown here for completeness.