FAUVISM

France

German

Expressionism

philosophy of art

Euro

pean

pai

nter

s

EMOTION

Les Fauves

Wild Beasts

EXPRESSIONISM“ where Emotion becomes a main subject of the painters’ art work.”

•Germany at the beginning of the 20th century•Expressionism was developed as style before the First World War. It remained popular during the Weimar Republic particularly in Berlin. •Fauvism was the first of the avant-garde movements that flourished in France in the early years of the twentieth century. The Fauve painters were the first to break with Impressionism as well as with older, traditional methods of perception. Their spontaneous, often subjective response to nature was expressed in bold, undisguised brushstrokes and high-keyed, vibrant colours.

•The arrival of Expressionism announced new standards in the creation and judgment of art. Art was now meant to come forth from within the artist, rather than from a depiction of the external visual world, and the standard for assessing the quality of a work of art became the character of the artist's feelings rather than an analysis of the composition. • Various European painters express the bleakness of contemporary urban life.• A particular group, calling themselves “Les Fauves” (meaning “Wild Beasts”) experimented with extremes in color intensity, vivid forms and non-realistic imagery.

•New technologies and massive urbanization efforts altered the individual's worldview, and artists reflected the psychological impact of these developments by moving away from a realistic representation of what they saw toward an emotional and psychological rendering of how the world affected them. The roots of Expressionism can be traced to certain Post-Impressionist artists

http://www.theartstory.org/movement-expressionism.htm

Paul Cezanne. Turning Road at Montgeroult. (1898) Oil on canvas.

Vincent Van Gogh. Café at Night. (1888) Oil on canvas.

Characteristics of Expressionism Art

• Emotions And Feelings• Subjectivity• Vivid Coloration• Dynamic And

Distorted Formshttp://www.life123.com/arts-culture/art-history/expressionism/expressionism-art.shtml

Edward Munch. The Dance of Life. (1899-1900) Oil on canvas.

http://www.edvard-munch.com/backg/essays/danceoflife_essay.htm

Pablo Picasso The Old Guitarist. (1903) Oil on wood.

http://www.artic.edu/aic/collections/artwork/28067

Henri Matisse. The Red Room (Harmony in Red) (1908) Oil on canvas.

http://www.arthermitage.org/Henri-Matisse/Red-Room.html

ABSTRACT EXPRESSIONISM

• This movement began in New York after World War II - shows a desire to hold onto humanity during an insane time.

• Rooted in the styles of Kandinsky and Gorky from Europe.

• It is both abstract / formal (without recognizable subject matter) and expressive / emotional.

• Based on the freedom of expression 

It was the first specifically American movement to achieve international influence and put New York City at the center of the western art world,

a role formerly filled by Paris. Although the term "abstract

expressionism" was first applied to American art in 1946 by the art

critic Robert Coates , it had been first used in Germany in 1919 in the

magazine Der Sturm  regarding German Expressionism. In the

United States, Alfred Barr was the first to use this term in 1929 in

relation to works by Wassily kandinsky

• Unconventional application of paint, usually without a recognizable subject (de Kooning'sWoman series is an exception) that tends toward amorphous shapes in brilliant colors.

• Dripping, smearing, slathering, and flinging lots of paint on to the canvas (often an unprimed canvas).

• Sometimes gestural "writing" in a loosely calligraphic manner.

• In the case of Color Field artists: carefully filling the picture plane with zones of color that create tension between the shapes and hues.

http://arthistory.about.com/od/modernarthistory/a/abstract_expressionism_10one.htm

Jackson Pollock. Summertime: Number 9A. (1948) oil, enamel & house paint on canvas Called his own

art “energy made visible”