Fatty Acids
14
description
Fatty Acids. Fatty acids have a long hydrocarbon chain with a carboxyl (acid) group Typical for of fatty acids : CH 3 –(CH 2 ) n –COOH 12
Transcript of Fatty Acids
Fatty Acids
Fatty acids have a long hydrocarbon chain with a carboxyl (acid) group
Typical for of fatty acids : CH3 –(CH2)n –COOH
12<n<20
Saturated- Unsaturated Fatty Acids
Hydrophobic- Hydrophilic Groups
The hydrocarbon tail is extremely hydrophobic and so is insoluble in water. In contrast, the carboxylic acid group is extremely hydrophilic.
Common Fatty Acids
Common name
Chemical structure
Myristoleic acid CH3(CH2)3CH=CH(CH2)7COOH
Palmitoleic acid CH3(CH2)5CH=CH(CH2)7COOH
Oleic acid CH3(CH2)7CH=CH(CH2)7COOH
Linoleic acid CH3(CH2)4CH=CHCH2CH=CH(CH2)7COOH
α-Linolenic acid CH3CH2CH=CHCH2CH=CHCH2CH=CH(CH2)7COOH
Arachidonic acid CH3(CH2)4CH=CHCH2CH=CHCH2CH=CHCH2CH=CH(CH2)3COOH
Eicosapentaenoic acid
CH3CH2CH=CHCH2CH=CHCH2CH=CHCH2CH=CHCH2CH=CH(CH2)3COOH
Erucic acid CH3(CH2)7CH=CH(CH2)11COOH
Docosahexaenoic acid
CH3CH2CH=CHCH2CH=CHCH2CH=CHCH2CH=CHCH2CH=CHCH2CH=CH(CH2)2COOH
Common Fatty Acids
Fats
FAT consists of three-
carbon backbone called
glycerol attached to three
fatty acids, which contain
long hydrocarbon chains .
Ester Bond Formation
Phosphoglycerids
Phospholglycerides are
esters of only two fatty
acids, phosphoric acid
and a trifunctional alcohol
- glycerol (IUPAC name is
1,2,3-propantriol). The
fatty acids are attached to
the glycerol at the 1 and 2
positions on glycerol
through ester bonds.
Phospholipids
Phospholipids have a
structure like a
triglyceride,but contain a
phosphate group in place
of the third fatty acid.
The phosphate group is
polar and therefore
capable of interacting with
water molecules.
STEROIDSSteroids have a backbone of 4 carbon rings.
Cholesterol is the precursor of several other steroids, including several hormones.
It is also an important component of cell membranes.
REFERENCES
Michael L. Shuler and Fikret Kargı, Bioprocess Engineering: Basic Concepts (2 nd Edition),Prentice Hall, New York, 2002.
1. James E. Bailey and David F. Ollis, Biochemical Engineering Fundementals (2 nd Edition), McGraw-Hill, New York, 1986.
hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu
www.chemistryland.com
virtuallaboratory.net
http://www.ific.org/publications/reviews/images/irfatschart_2.gif
io.uwinnipeg.ca
bioweb.wku.edu
http://www.wisc-online.com/objects/index_tj.asp?objid=AP13204
