All living beings need food to live. Food gives us energy to work and play.

We must eat healthy food rich in nutrients. We must avoid eating junk food

items like pizza, burger, chips, chocolates, etc., as they are not good for

health.

Some food items need to be cooked before eating like potatoes, rice, etc.

Some food can be eaten raw like cucumber, papaya, etc. However some food

items like carrot and onion can be cooked as well as eaten raw.

NUTRIENTS

Food contains special substances called nutrients which provide

nourishment to our body. Some gives us energy and some helps us to grow.

Some protects our body from diseases.

Types of Nutrients:

CARBOHYDRATES

FATS PROTEINS

NUTRIENTS

VITAMINS MINERALS

CARBOHYDRATES: Carbohydrates are food that gives us energy to do

work. Carbohydrates are in the form of sugar or starch. For example- rice,

maize, potato, sugar,etc.

PROTEINS: Proteins are body building food. They help in building

muscles as well as repairing worn out tissues. For example- soyabean,nuts,

pulses, fish, egg, peas, etc.

FATS: Fats are also energy giving foods. They provide more energy than

carbohydrates and keep us warm. As compared to carbohydrates, our body

needs less amount of fat. For Example- Cheese, oil, butter, ghee,etc.

VITAMINS: Vitamins are protective foods. They protect us

from diseases. For Example- fresh fruit, vegetables, egg, milk,etc.

MINERALS: Minerals are protective foods. It keeps us fit andhealthy.

Minerals like CALCIUM help us in building bones and teeth, for example:

curd and milk.

Minerals like IRON help in formation of blood, for example: spinach and

carrot.

Besides nutrients, our food should also contain WATER and ROUGHAGE.

ROUGHAGE: Roughage, also known as fibre, is a part of food that

our body cannot digest. It helps in removal of waste materials from the

body. For example: whole grains, fresh fruits,etc.

WATER: Water helps in digestion of food as well as removal of

waste materials from the body. We should drink 8-10 glasses of water

everyday.

BALANCED DIET:

The food we eat is called a diet. A diet containing adequate amount of

nutrients as well as water and roughage is called a balanced diet. A

balanced diet is a key to good health. However diet needs of people differ

depending on their age and the kind of activities they do. However,eating

in excess can lead to obesity.

GOOD EATING HABITS:

1. Always eat a balanced meal.

2. Always wash your hands before and after meals.

3.Chew the foodwell.

4.Always wash the fruits and vegetables before using. 5.Rinse your

mouth after every meal.

6. Brush your teeth in the morning and atnight.

Not following healthy eating habits will allow disease- causing microbes to

attack our body and make us tired and sick.

We also need to be physically active to keep healthy. We should exercise to

stay physically fit. Adequate amount of rest is also required by our body. Most

of us need between seven to eight hours of sleep.

Too little or too much of sleep is also not good.

DIGESTIVE SYSTEM:

Digestion: The beaking down of food into usable form is called digestion.

1. MOUTH: Digestion starts in the mouth. We chew the

food with our teeth and taste the food with our tongue.

2. FOOD PIPE(ESOPHAGUS):The chewed food goes

down through the esophagus into the stomach.

3. STOMACH: It is like a J-shaped muscular bag.

Digestion takes place here.

4. SMALL INTESTINE: It is a coiled organ. Here the

nutrients from the digested food are absorbed onto

the blood. The blood carries it to all parts of the body.

5. LARGE INTESTINE: Undigested food passes here.

Water is absorbed from it and remaining waste part

passesout.

6. ANUS: It is the opening through which waste

matter passes out.

SPRING MEADOWS PUBLIC SCHOOL Practice Assignment –1 : 2020-21

Grade-IV Subject – Science

Name:________ Class & Sec.:____ Roll No.:___ Date:_____

(OBJECTIVE TYPE)

Give one word answer :-

i. A vegetable eaten raw-

ii. A food item rich in fats-

iii. Spinach is rich in which mineral-

iv. A food item rich in carbohydrate-

v. The diet which contains all the nutrients in the right amount-

vi. Chewed food passes through-

Fill in the blanks:-

i. We must drink glasses of water daily.

ii. Carbohydrates give us to do work.

iii. Proteins are food.

iv. Food gives us energy to and .

v. Digestion starts in the .

Define the following terms:

i. Nutrients:

ii. Balanced Diet:

iii. Digestion:

iv. Roughage:

Match the column:

a. Proteins 1. Goodhealth

b. Small intestine 2. Physically fit

c. Balanced Diet 3.Iron,Calcium

d. Minerals 4. Build Muscles

e. Exercise 5. Absorb digestedfood

(SUBJECTIVE TYPE)

Answer the following in brief:

i. Why do we need food?

ii. Why should we follow healthy eating habits?

iii. Why are vitamins and minerals called protective food?

iv. Write the benefits of the following with one example ofeach:

a) Protein:

b) Carbohydrates:

Answer the following in detail :

i. Name the main nutrients found infood.

ii. Mention a few good eating habits.

iii. Name the different organs of the digestive system.

Enrichment Activity – 1

1. Practical Activity:-

Make a list of all the food items that you like to eat. Identify the nutrients

in each type of food. Then, group the nutrients under

carbohydrates,proteins,fats,vitamins and minerals, and paste pictures

respectively.

2. Write an article on ‘Benefit of Exercise and Rest’(in 50-100 words)