Fat Souble Vitamins

7/29/2019 Fat Souble Vitamins

1/38

What is fat soluble vitamins?

OAre stored in the body fat and

can reach toxic level and not

absolutely needed daily from

food sources. Moreover

deficiency develop relatively

slow. Generally, fat soluble

vitamins are stable specially in

ordinary cooking.


2/38

Fat Soluble Vitamins

VITAMIN A

VITAMIN D

VITAMIN E

VITAMIN - K


3/38

What is Vitamin A ?


4/38

Vitamin A( axerophtol) soluble

vitamin that can be

classified into retinols or

carotenoids. These

substances aremetabolized by the body to

form usable vitamin A.


5/38

RetinolOIs the vitamin A found in

animal-source foodsrequire very little work bythe body in order to

convert it to true vitaminA.


6/38

CaratenoidsO which include the very

prevalent beta carotene arepoorly converted by the

body.


7/38


8/38

Utilization

Vitamin A


9/38

Deficiency System

ONight blindness

OXerophthalmia

OPoor growthOPhrynoderma

OLower resistance to

infection

OBistots spot


10/38

Toxicityresult

OHypervitaminosis A

OHair loss

OSkin changes

OPain in bones (Beyond

3000 RE per day)

OFetal malformation


11/38

Recommended Nutrient

IntakeOMales: 19 yrs. and over (59 kg)550 mcg

RE

oFemales: 19 yrs. and over ( 51 kg) 500mcg RE

oPregnancy: (+300) 800 mcg RE

oLactation: (+400) 900 mcg REo Infant: (6-11 mos) 400 mcg RE

oChildren: (1-9 yrs.) 400 mcg RE


12/38

Vitamin A Sources Carrots

Green Broccoli

Papaya

CantaloupeApricot

Sweet potato

Fortified milk

SpinachButter

Liver


13/38

What is Vitamin D ?


14/38

Vitamin DO Is a group of fat-soluble vitamins.

They are considered prohormones, or

the precursors to hormones, and areessential to endocrine health. There

are several forms of vitamin D, but the

most common are ergocalciferol

(vitamin D2) and cholecalciferol(vitamin D3) which are known together

as calciferol.


15/38

Function of Vit. D

OPromotes hardening of

bones and teeth

OFacilitate the absorption ofcalcium and phosphorus


16/38

Utilization

OVitamin D is absorbed through

the lacteals of the lymphatic

system. As a fat soluble vitamin,

factor that affect fat utilization

will also affect vitamin D. It is

stored in the liver, bones andsoft tissues (like the lungs and

the brain).


17/38

O

Placental transfer ofvitamin D from the

mother to the fetus is not

enough, hence the needfor supplemental vitamin

D during pregnancy.


18/38

Deficiency of Vit. D

OSevere: rickets in

childrenO Osteomalacia in adults.


19/38

Toxicity resultOMild: nausea, weight loss,

irritability.

OSevere: mental and physicalgrowth retardation

O kidney damage

O Movement of calcium frombones into soft tissues.


20/38


Intake

OFor infant, children,

adolescents and adult 19-49

yrs. its 5 mcgOFemale and Male 50-64 yrs. of

age its 10 mcg

OFor older person 65 yrs. andover its 15 mcg


21/38

Food sources

Vitamin D Fortified milk

Fortified margarine

Fish oils Egg yolk

Synthesized by sunlight

action on skin.


22/38


23/38

Vitamin E

refers to several nutrients calledtocopherols. These are fat soluble

vitamins. Of these tocopherols,

alpha-tocopherol offers the highestbioavailability. While alpha-

tocopherol seems to be the most

active, beta-tocopherol, gamma-tocopherol and delta-tocopherol

each play their complementary role.


24/38

Functions:

OActs as an antioxidant

OPrevent break down of

vitamin A and vitamin Kand unsaturated fatty acid


25/38

UtilizationOOur body absorb 20 to 30 % of

ingested vitamin E and absorption

decrease as intake increases. The

major storage site includesmuscle, liver and fat. Excess

vitamin E undergoes conjugation

in the liver and this is excreted viabile or urine.


26/38

Deficiencies system

OHemolysis of red blood cells

ONerve destruction

OLow blood level of tocopherol

O Increase urinary excretion of

creatinine and decrease

excretion of creatinine.


27/38

Toxicity resultOMuscle weakness

OHeadache

OFatigueOBlood clots

OToxic beyond 1200 IU per

day


28/38


IntakeOFor adult males and

females (19 yrs. and over)

the RNI is 12 mgO10 mg alpha tocopherol

equivalent for adult men

and 8 mg a- TE for adultwomen.


29/38

Sources of Vitamin E

Vegetable oils

Some green

and Some fruits

Wheat

Peanut Olive oil


30/38

What is Vit. K


31/38

Vitamin K

OVitamin K is a group of vitamins,notably vitamin K1 and vitamin K2.

Vitamin K, like vitamins A, D and E,

are fat soluble vitamins. Vitamin K1and vitamin K2 are naturally occuring

vitamins; however, theres a subset

of vitamin K which include vitamin

K3, K4, K5 all of which are synthetic

vitamins.


32/38

Functions:

OHelp form prothrombin and other

factor for blood clotting and bone

formation

OEssential for cellular respiration and

in plants photosynthesis requires

vitamin K.

OHelp synthesize osteocalcin, a

protein found in bones.


33/38

Utilization

OVitamin K is stable to heat, butdestroyed readily by light, oxidizing

agents, acids and alkalis. Vitamin K

is stored in the liver and is rapidlyused up. Unlike the other fat soluble

vitamins, its toxicity in excess

amount have not been

demonstrated in man.


34/38

Deficiencies system

Oblood in stool

Oeasy bruising

Ohemorrhage

O impaired bone formation

O internal bleedingOprolonged bleeding


35/38

Toxicity Result

OAnemia and jaundice

O Itchy or swollen skin

OPerspiration

ORapid and weak pulse

ODifficulty breathing


36/38


IntakeOMale adult (19 yrs. and over) its 59

mcg

O Female adult (19 yrs. and over) its 51mcg

O For children (1-12 yrs.) 13-35 mcg/day

O For adolescents (13-18 yrs.) 49-50-140 mcg/day


37/38

Food sources asparagus broccoli

Brussels sprouts

cabbage canola oil

cauliflower

collards

cucumbers

egg yolk


38/38

Fat Souble Vitamins

Documents

Transcript of Fat Souble Vitamins