Faster Cures For All
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Faster Cures For All
Geoffrey H. SiwoCo-Founder Fit2CureLurie Medical Research Center
Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
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A century of exponential progress in Health
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In 100 years, Life expectancy increased 100%
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93% reduction in child mortality
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Time from bench to bedside much shorter
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~200 years since discovery of scurvy-lemon juice association to implementation
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Faster time to clinic, last 100 years
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But….
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7 million children die before age of 5
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Bench to bedside still takes too long
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$1 Billion 90% Failure
17 years
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>10,000 Monogenic diseases
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We don’t even have data for most of these diseases
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Cystic Fibrosis
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>95% of diseases have no cures
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Most medicines don’t work in most people
Allen Roses, GSK VP Genetics
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Why?
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Human Genetic Diversity is Massive
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Current system can’t cope
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We must empower millions to be part of discovery
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Can we really?What if we do?
Are we ready for it?Is our policy ready for it?
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Can we?
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~3 billion people online by end of this year
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What if each computer/ mobile was a lab?
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Yes, it’s possible…
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2003: Undergraduate in Africa doing computational modeling of HIV on a pay-to-go computer
… in Africa
2003 to 2005: organized Bioinformatics training for fellow students
2010: Students in 2003 group organize First Virtual Bioinformatics Conference in Africa
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…in USA
• 15 year old Jack Andraka develops pancreatic cancer test: 100 times more sensitive and 28 times cheaper
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Even more complex experiments will be possible
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Virtual Physiological Human
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Virtual Heart- Cardiod project
• Near-cellular resolution Real-time simulation of the electrophysiology of the human heart
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Virtual Brain
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These complex experiments will come to your computer
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Everywhere
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628,000 members2.5 million devices796,000 years of computing
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Something from the Nobel prize in Chemistry 2013
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>Half a billion people play computer/ video games for
at least 1 hour a day
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Why not solve science problems in games?
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Fit2CureA lab and a scientist on
every computer
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Computers are incredibly fast, accurate and stupid. Human beings are incredibly slow, inaccurate and brilliant. Together they are powerful beyond imagination
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With Co-Founders Ian Sander and Victoria Lam
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FILE NDA: FDA approval (2-3yrs)
Identify disease
Isolate protein involved in disease (2-5yrs) Foldit
Find a drug effective against disease protein (2-5yrs)
Preclinical Testing (1-3yrs)
Formulation & Scale-up
FILE IND: Human clinical trials (2-10yrs)
Fit2Cure
Drug discovery pipeline
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Game interface
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Competition! + Social Impact
Compete with friends!
In the future:For our top scoring players, we will be donating (real) money to an approved research center or rare & neglected disease institute of your choosing, and in your name.
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Emergent patterns in play trace
• Expectation-maximization (EM) based mining of player data
-user interface design - novel scientific insights
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Tim
e (M
ins)
HIV-1 Protease
Players can do real science!
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Drug discovery
algorithmsDrug
Binding simulation
modelsI.P. of integrating
human cognition
AnalyticsWeb-based
gaming sessions
New InsightsNew Drugs
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Design your medicine in future
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Connecting Fit2Cure to Your Genetics: Fit2CureMyDisease
• Fit2Cure links personal genome data from the company 23andMe
• Fit2Cure can alert you when you are playing with a protein in which you have mutations or allergic drug reactions
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Print your own medicine
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Or send to robot scientists online to make it and mail it
to you
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Remote controlled chemistry lab
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Hypothesis generating and testing robot scientists
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Adam- The Robot Scientist
• Adam designed hypotheses, experiments and tested them to discover function of novel yeast genes
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Who owns the discoveries?
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Who decides which disease should be studied first?
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Should players be compensated?
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What if players design dangerous chemical from game?
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Discoveries are going to happen faster than policy
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What are the challenges?
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• Fast discovery will outpace our ability to build policy
• Policy must anticipate, there will be no time
• Central regulation will be extremely difficult since tools will be available to many
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What are the opportunities?
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• Allow millions to engage in experimentation in what affects them
• Democratized and rapid discovery
• Realistic simulations of your own health (Personalized medicine)
• Preparing the world for an unknown pandemic
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Charles Edison Fund
DynamoidApps
Fit2Cure Players
Acknowledgements