Term Paper

Literature Review Choose a Paper Related with Any Field of Fashion Technology (in English)

Design (Fashion, Textile, Pattern, Garment, Drape Simulation, etc.)

Manufacturing (DTP, 3D Printing, etc.)

Evaluation (Appearance, Fastness, etc.)

Smart Textile (Wearable Computing, etc.)

Information Management (Marketing, Merchandizing, etc.)

Submit as a PDF file to 'sungmin0922@snu.ac.kr' including the followings

Original paper

Overview

Analysis & Critique

Due Date

Before final examination day

1

Sungmin Kim

SEOUL NATIONAL UNIVERSITY

Fashion Technology

10. Information Management

RFID

Supply Chain Management

Importance

Many problems in fashion industry are related with inventory management

– Any kind of products on the supply chain in planning, manufacturing, and sales stage

Numerous products on supply chain should be traced using information technology

Problems in Barcode System

Manual job slows down the process

Incorrect order can be placed due to human error

Limited amount of information

Lacks in real time data due to asynchronous nature

3

RFID

Radio Frequency Identification Principles

Technology for exchanging information using radio frequency

Developed for IFF (Identification of Friend or Foe) in World War II

Consists of reader and tag

Advantages

Rapid wireless recognition

– Hundreds of tags can be read within a second

Wide range of detection

– From 10cm (low freq.) to 100m (high freq.)

Various information can be stored

Reliable real time management is possible

4

RFID Classification of Tags By Position

Embedded type– Conductive textile structure can be used (in the future)

Label or hanger type– Attached to box or hanger rack

By Function

Passive Tag– Read-only tag

Semi-Passive Tag– Data can be stored using internal memory and power supply

Active Tag– Communicates with other passive or active tags

By Frequency

Low frequency (125~135kHz) within 10cm

High frequency (13.56 MHz) within 3m

Ultra high frequency (2.446~2.454Mhz) within 100m

5

RFID

Requirements for Tags Size

Smaller the better

Speed

Faster the better

Reliability

Remote recognition of various information

100% reliability is hard to be guaranteed

Become unstable as the data increase

Affordability

Various range of price and design

Durability

Against various environment

– Extremely low or high temperature, acid/base, contamination, etc.

6

RFID

RFID in Logistics Storage Management

Identification of the location, quantity and type of goods

Location of pallets, trucks, and forklifts

Warehouse Management

Automatic recording of shipping/receiving history

Store Management

Automatic product inspection and inventory

Sales and returns process

Management of Properties

Special packaging material, carts, etc.

7

RFID

RFID in Customer Service Real Time Management

Systematic management of customer information

Provide real time product/inventory information

Data Acquisition and Analysis

Real time acquisition of customer data

Prediction of market trend

Provide individually customized service

Improved Trust

Prompt payment

Prevention of counterfeit product

8

Personalized AdvertisementMinority Report (2002)

RFID Challenges in RFID Systems Privacy

Non-disposable tiny RFID tag can expose various kinds of customers' data

Security

Relatively weak against the hacking of confidential information of intellectual property

Standards

Insufficient standards concerning frequency, data, tag, and reader

Information Sharing

Supply chain members do not want to share information

Partnership based on trust between suppliers and retailers is essential

Cost

Still a burden to most small businesses

Technical Difficulties

100% correct recognition is difficult

Low in mechanical and chemical durability

9

e-Commerce

e-Commerce Basics Definition

All forms of trade via online networks using electronic media

Advantages

Any time, anywhere possible

Provides the wider range of information than offline shops

Avoid the hassle of forced buying through face-to-face contact with sales person

Purchase products at an affordable price

Provides personalized information based on detailed customer information

10

e-Commerce

e-Commerce Basics Features

Ubiquity

– Any time, anywhere with Internet connection

Global Reach

– Beyond the boundaries between countries– Universal Standards

Richness

– High Information density– Video, audio, message, etc.

Interactivity

– Interaction between seller and customer

Personalization/Customization

Social technology

– User Created Content (UCC)– Social Network Service (SNS)

11

e-Commerce

e-Commerce Basics Fashion Item

One of the most traded products in e-Commerce

Sales continue to grow along with the growth of internet commerce

Market has been segmented

– General mall

» Sells multiple types of goods

– Professional mall

» Sells specialized groups of products

– Online mall

» Operates only online shopping mall

– Mixed mall

» Operates online and conventional offline shop

12

e-Commerce

e-Commerce Basics Fashion Items

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(million $)

0

5000

10000

15000

20000

25000

30000

35000

40000

2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 2014

Total

Fashion

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

3500

4000

4500

5000

2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

General

Special

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

3500

4000

4500

2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

Online

Mixed

e-Commerce

e-Commerce Technology Infrastructure

Web Server

– Window, Linux, ...

Database

– MySQL, Oracle, ...

Payment System

– PayPal, Google wallet, ...

Site Building

Static Page : HTML, XML, ...

Server Side Application : CGI, ...

Client Side Application : ActiveX, Java Applet, ...

Server Side Script : ASP, PHP, JSP, ...

Client Side Script : Java, VB,...

Hybrid Script : AJAX, ...

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e-Commerce

Infrastructure Web Server

General Function

– Provides web pages requested by client (browser, web crawler, etc.)

» HTML, Image, etc.

– Receives data from client

» Web forms, uploaded files, etc.

– Logging

» Communication history

Special Function

– Certification, security (HTTPS, etc.)

– Contents management (Compression, etc.)

– Virtual hosting

– Bandwidth throttling

15

e-Commerce

Infrastructure Database

Definition

– Sets of data managed for the purpose of sharing information among many people

– Highly structured data without redundancy for effective manipulation

Characteristics

– Real time accessibility

– Constant change

DBMS (Database management system)

– Software tools that allow users to access the data

– One of the three foundation softwares

» OS, Middle Ware, DBMS

– Use of SQL (Structured Query Language)

16

e-Commerce

Infrastructure Payment System

PayPal

– An e-commerce Global Support System founded in 1998

– Became the subsidiary of eBay in 2002

Google Wallet

– Service began in 2011

– Payment can be made by the attachment file in an e-mail

Mobile Money Wallet

– More cell phone owners than personal account owners

– Money can be charged and used via cell phone

Wechat Pay

– 2011 by Tencent, China

Bitcoin

– World's first virtual currency

– Not reliable so far

17

e-Commerce

Site Building Technology HTML (Hyper Text Markup Language)

History

Specification

– Structural document consists of title, head, and body– Include images, videos, and other objects– Interactive form elements such as text edit, combo box, etc.

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Year Event Reference

1980 Suggested the 'Inquire', the prototype of HTML Tim Berners Lee (CERN)

1990 Development of server software and browser Tim Berners Lee

1996 Participation of commercial software companies Managed by W3C

2000 International standardization ISO

2008 Prototype of HTML5 has been released W3C

e-Commerce

Site Building Technology HTML

Simple Static Page

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Web Server

Client

Request some pages inhttp://www.somesite.com

Return the content of some pages inHTML

Render HTML page in web browser

e-Commerce

Site Building Technology XML (eXtensible Markup Language)

Suggested by W3C in 1996

Enhanced management and search capacity

Separation of web site design and data

– Web site itself can be organized like a database– User can manipulate the content of web site more easily

Various kinds of dedicated XMLs have been developed

20

AIML Markup language used for creating artificial intelligence chatterbots.

CellML a language describing mathematical models

MRML Medical Reality Markup Language MRML

MusicXML Music Marrkup Language

Open eBook e-book format defined by Open eBook Publication Structure Specification

RELAX REgular LAnguage description for XML

VML XML-based file format for two-dimensional vector graphics.

X3D international standard for real-time 3D computer graphics,

e-Commerce

Site Building Technology Server Side Application

CGI (Common Gateway Interface)

– Server side software that processes the data from client– Used for database manipulation, bulletin board, and so on.– A large number of concurrent connections becomes a burden

21

Call a page with the reference to a CGI

Return the results of processin HTML

Render HTML page in web browser

CGI

Process datausing Server's Resource

e-Commerce

Site Building Technology Client Side Application

Active X (Microsoft)

– Client side software object runs only on the Internet Explorer (Microsoft)– Full access to the client computer's resources– Gradually disappearing due to security problems

Java Applet (Sun Microsystems)

– Runs on any kind of machine with Java VM (Virtual Machine)– Limited access to the client computer's resources

22

Call a page containing application object

Return application objectusing HTML

Do something withdownloaded object

e-Commerce

Site Building Technology Server Side Script

Types

– ASP (Active Server Pages, Microsoft IIS)– PHP (Professional Hyper Text Preprocessor, Linux Apache) – JSP (Java Server Pages, Sun Microsystems)

Features

– Use script language to process the data received from client– Realized by ISAPI (Internet Server Application Programming Interface) or Servlet– Client browser independent – Communicates using standard HTML

23

Call a page with data

Return the results of processin standard HTML

Render HTML page in web browser

ISAPIEngine

Process data using script compiler

e-Commerce

Site Building Technology Client Side Script

Types

– Java Script, VB (Visual Basic) Script

Features

– Client side script used for special visual effects or simple interactive functions– Dependent on the capacity of client browser– Can not interact directly with the data stored on the server

24

Call a page containing script code

Return a page in HTML

Do something withclient side script

e-Commerce

Site Building Technology Hybrid Script

Ajax (Asynchronous JavaScript and XML)

– Conventional web applications require full page update for every interaction– Ajax can update web site partially by requesting the essential data to the server

Advantage

– The amount of data exchange between server and client is largely reduced– Faster interaction can be realized without time-consuming full page update

Disadvantage

– Cannot be used on a browser that does not support Ajax

25

Direct request for data

Return requested data

Modify current page withdownloaded data

ProcessData

e-Commerce

Site Building Technology Hybrid Script

Example

26

m-Commerce

m-Commerce Basics Definition

All forms of e-commerce performed through wireless device over wireless network

– Wireless network itself is a kind of m-Commerce

Current Status

B2B as well as B2C transactions are increasing

– Dramatic growth after the debut of smart phones– Entertainment contents, message exchanging, information providing, banking, ticketing, etc.

Many advantages over existing offline and online distribution channels

27

Mobile Connect to Internet any time, anywhere

Secure Secure transaction is possible with reliable personal identification

Prompt Any information can be found instantaneously

Local Precise location based service is available

m-Commerce

m-Commerce Basics

Market Prospect

The US market is expected to be about $31 billion in 2016, 7% of the total online market

The domestic market has grown as 600 billion won in 2012

Fashion Industry and m-Commerce

m-Commerce in fashion is very active in US and Japan

In Korea, fashion m-Commerce is lagging behind compared to other sectors

28

m-Commerce

m-Commerce Technology Requirements

Maximum mobility through reliable network connectivity

Optimized graphical user interface

Good input capability

Challenges

Still Low bandwidth

Limited resources of mobile device

– CPU, RAM, battery, screen, etc.

Small/inconvenient input device

– Virtual keyboard

29

m-Commerce

m-Commerce Technology Core Technologies

Location based service (LBS)

– Recommending social events in a city

– Finding the nearest business or service, such as an ATM, restaurant or a retail store

– Location-based mobile advertising

– Real-time Q&A about restaurants, services, and other venues

Multimedia processing

– Camera (QR code, Augmented reality)

– Microphone (Music/Voice recognition)

Secure payment

– Easy small amount payment

30

m-Commerce

m-Commerce Technology App Development

Android (Google)

– Linux based open source platform written in Java

– Run on any kind of machine with JVM ( java virtual machine)

– Compatible with most systems and development tools (Visual Studio, C++ Builder, Eclipse)

– Google play

iOS (Apple)

– Dedicated operating system written in Objective-C

– Run on limited machines (iPhone, iPad)

– Fixed development system (Macintosh system)

– App store

Windows (Microsoft)

– Compatible with desktop Windows OS

– Windows store

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32

Conclusion

Imagined in 1910

33

Win-Win

34

ClothingScience

EngineeringMethods

Fashion Technology

Question Answer

35

Are you too busy to improve ?