Top Types:

Blouson: A long waisted blouse that is banded at the bottom with a covered elastic band. It usually extends slightly below the waist, but can be worn at the waist via the elastic.
Caftan: Long, full robe with slit neckline. Camisole: Lingerie definition: waist length gathered top with straps, trimmed with lace or embroidery. Similar to the top half of a slip. Garment definition: a short-bodice top, usually with a straight top and straps that are wide enough to cover bra straps. It is always sleeveless.
Campshirt: A button front shirt with a fold down collar, sometimes made to be worn over a tank. Peasant top: Romantic style often characterized with a low neckline, ruffles, or free flowing material.

Polo: Informal shirt or blouson with collar and placket.

Pull over: Garment that pulls over the head.

Shell: Pull-on short or cap sleeve blouse usually worn under a bomber, big shirt, etc.

Tunic: A long top, over-blouse or coat. The bottom hem usually falls at the hipline or lower.

Trapeze top: Tank top style with flared bottom.

Dress/Skirt:

Broomstick Skirt: Full skirt of lightweight cotton (often calico print), which when washed is folded tightly around a broomstick and tied with a string. When dry it has tiny vertical wrinkles.

Chemise Dress: A simple dress that hangs straight from the shoulders. It usually has no darts or shaping seams.

Coat Dress: Tailored dress, usually fitted, with coat type of front closing and coat-like lines.

Dirndle Skirt: A straight skirt, gathered or pleated and sewn at a waist band or bodice.

Drop Yoke Skirt: Skirt which is fitted at hip area with yoke to which skirt is attached.

Empire Waist Dress: Dress in which the waistline hits just below the bust. A flattering style on most figures.

Godet Skirt: A skirt which has pieces of cloth set into the skirt at the hem line area for fullness or decoration.
Gored Skirt: It's the decorative holes, bound in a metal ring, on the vest and the jacket.
Grommet: A skirt that has set-in triangular-shaped sections, with the narrowest end at the waistband and the widest end at the hem. This is a skirt that will twirl. Jacket Dress: A style of dress in which the dress is attached to the jacket, or a dress and jacket designed to be worn together.

Sheath Dress: A close-fitting, straight dress, similar to a chemise. This one has shaping darts at the bust.
Shirt Dress: Dress which features characteristics of a shirt such as collars, cuffs and front closing.

Jackets/Outerwear:

Blanket Jacket: A jacket made out of woven material normally used as a covering or a layer.
Blazer: A light sports jacket, often in a solid color. Bomber Style Jacket: An easy fitting style of jacket, which is hip length, gathered into a band at the lower edge, and zippered.

Cape Coat: Sleeveless outer garment of any length hanging loosely from shoulders; usually covering back, shoulders, and arms.
Cardigan Jacket: Boxy jacket, often of a knit material, that can be worn open, or closed with buttons or toggles. Chanel Style Jacket: A long sleeved, collarless, boxy jacket. It often has contrasting trim around the edges.

Swing Coat: Circular or gored coat, cut so as to give a swinging motion as wearer walks.

Bottoms:

Capri Pants: Tapered pants with bottom hem falling at about mid-calf.

Stovepipe: Type of slim cut straight legged pants that are characterized by the absence of any sort of front seam.

Sleeves:

Cap Sleeve: Created by extending the shoulder line to "cap" the shoulder of a simple shell. It gives more coverage than a sleeveless shell, but not as much as a normal short sleeve.

Dolman Sleeve: Sleeve made very wide at armhole, fitted at wrist. Gives appearance of a cape.

Flange Shoulder: Shoulder with pleat, or pleats, extending over sleeve top.

Gathered Shoulder: The fabric is gathered at the shoulder seam.

Raglan Sleeve: Sleeve with long armhole line extending to neckline.

Sleeveless: Shell without sleeves similar to cap sleeves.

Tank top: A short, sleeveless top with wide armholes.

Neckline:

Ballerina neckline: This is a low neckline that usually occurs with strapless or spaghetti strapped dresses.

Bateau neck/boat neck: A high, wide, straight neckline that runs straight across the front and back, meeting at the shoulders; the same depth in the front and back.Bias cut: Cut diagonally across the grain of a fabric. Used to create garments that follow the body curves closely.Cascade: Lace or other trimming arranged to fall vertically from neckline, sleeves, or other part of a garment in zigzag.

Convertible Collar: Collar that can be worn in more than one way. Generally up (against the neck), or flat.

Cowl Neck: Soft Fold or drape of material at front neckline.

Crew neck: A round neck with ribbed banding that fits close to the base of the neck.

Diamond neck: A diamond-shaped cutout that fastens at the front or back neckline.

Full Button Front: A garment which buttons the entire length; such as a dress.

Henley Tee: Any tee that has a decorative buttoned closure at the front neck.
Jewel neck: A high round neckline resting simply at the base of the neck.Johnny Collar (and/or cuffs): A built in collar around the neckline, mostly found in knits. Keyhole neck: A tear shaped or round cutout that fastens at the front or back neckline.Mandarin Collar: Narrow standing collar in close neckline. Notched Collar: Collar applied so as to leave a notch at joining.

Off-the-shoulder neck: A neckline that lies gently hovering across the top of the bustline with the shoulders uncovered or able to be seen through the sheer yoke of net or organza attached to a high collar.

Scoop Neck: Rounded neckline providing modest coverage.

Shawl Collar: The collar and lapel are cut in a curve, without any notches. It usually extends around the neck and at least half way down to the waistband.
Split Neckline: Neckline in which there is a short slit in the front for added detail. Surplice: Garment that overlaps diagonally in front.
Sweetheart Neckline: Low cut neckline curved in heart shape. Square neck: An open-yoke neckline shaped in the form of a half square.

Turtle neck: A high, close-fitting, turnover collar used especially for sweaters.V-Neck: Neckline shaped in the form of the letter "V"

Wrap top/surplice top: A bodice created by the cross-wrapping of fabric; may be in front or back, and associated with a high or low neckline.

Misc:

Appliqu: Decoration laid on and applied to another surface, as a band or separate design of petals, leaves, figurines, etc.
Appliqu Embroidery: Motif or design applied to the fabric with stitches. The design itself is usually a separate fabric piece. Band: Strip of fabric used to hold, ornament or complete any part of the garment or accessory. It is most commonly seen as the banded hem at the bottom of a polo shirt.

Bead Work: Beads applied as trim, or allover design, to form a pattern or design.

Bias: When a fabric is cut on the true diagonal, rather than straight across. A bias cut affects both the pattern and the way the fabric hangs.

Bodice: Area of dress or blouse extending from neckline to waistline or just slightly below.

Brocade: Heavy, luxurious fabric with slightly raised jacquard design. Used for apparel, decorative fabrics, etc.

Drawstring Hem: String or cord is inserted in a casing, or a small hem, to gather the fabric. Most commonly seen on jackets.
Embellished: Made beautiful by ornamentation. Having added detail.
Embossing: A surface effect achieved on fabric by means of passing cloth through a series of engraved rollers that impart figures or designs to its surface. Rollers work through heat and pressure.
Embroidery: Ornamental needlework consisting of designs worked on fabrics with various types of threads.

Flounce: Gathered strip sewn to garment, lower edge often being left free. Generally found at bottom of garment or skirt.
Gathered Yoke: A yoke in which fabric is drawn in/gathered.
Geometric Design: Design based on geometric shapes such as circle, squares, rectangles, triangles, etc.

Keyhole Back Opening: Neckline which has a wedge shape opening or slit in back for ease of getting in and out of garment.

Macrame: A design formed by knots.
Ombre: Material with multiple colored, striped background, in which the stripes of colors are made to fade into each other giving the garment a softer look. Pieced: A look created by sewing several pieces of material together to form the garment, much like a quilt.

Piping: Narrow cord used as finish on edges. Also sewn into seams for decorations.

Poplin: Medium weight, cotton-type fabric with fine horizontal ribs. Usually a solid color.
Princess Seam: A seam measuring from the bust to just above the hips providing delicate shaping to a dress. Puckered bodice: Usually associated with tube tops, it provides a scrunchy look.Rouched: Gathered and puckered smocking.

Seersucker: Lightweight, cotton-type, color striped fabric. Also with permanent, lengthwise, alternating, puckered striped and flat sections. Used for dresses, sport jackets, etc.
Self Belt: Belt made of the same material as the garment.
Sequin: Metal disk or spangle used for trimming.

Shelf bra: A bra that is built right into the garment.

Shirred waist: A decorative gathering (as of cloth) made by drawing up the material along two or more parallel lines of stitching.

Shirring: Three or more rows of gathers. Shirring is often used at the yoke to add fullness in the bodice.
Smocked: Decorative stitching holding fullness in a regular pattern. This is often done with elastic thread for bands on blouses or cuffs. Tapered: Decreasing down side; said of pant legs, sleeves or other silhouettes.

Tiered: A series of rows arranged one above or behind another.