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FASHION DESIGN
Elements and Principles of Art
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Elements of Design
elements of art—the basic ingredients that make up a work of art: line, shape, form, color, value, texture, space
LineColorShapeFormValueTextureSpace
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Line
line—an element of visual arts; the one-dimensional path of a dot through space used by artists to control the viewer’s eye movement; a thin mark made by a pencil, pen, or brush
line quality—the width or appearance of any line, such as thick or thin, smooth or rough, continuous or broken
line types— the variety of directions and shapes that a line may have; vertical, horizontal, diagonal, curved, zigzag
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Line Examples in Fashion Design
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Color
an element of visual arts; the visible range of reflected light
Also known as hueAnalogous color- close on the color wheel (Red
and Orange)Monochromatic color- different value range of
one color or hueComplementary color- opposite on the color
wheel (Red/Green, yellow/purple, blue/orange).
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Color Examples in Fashion Design
Monochromatic color!Analogous with complementary color
Monochromatic color
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Shape
shape—an element of visual arts; a closed space made when a line connects to itself
In the two examples to the left, the shape is in the patterns on both the coat and the bag.
You can also describe the shape that several lines make when they come together, such as the V-shape in the mans collar.
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Form
form—an element of visual arts; a three-dimensional object that has height, width, and depth
Jimmy Choo
Versaci
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Value
value—an element of visual arts; the lightness and darkness of a line, shape, or form
Miss Sixty, all 3 designs
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Texture
texture—an element of visual arts; portrays surface quality; how something feels or appears to feel; some drawing techniques to create texture and patterns are: stippling, hatching, cross-hatching, scribbling, broken lines, repeating lines and shapes
types include: actual texture—how something actually feels when touched visual texture—how something appears to feel; Also called
simulated texture or implied texture
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Texture
Versace
Jimmy Choo
Juicy Couture
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Space
space—an element of visual arts; the area above, below, around, and within a piece of artwork
Bottega Veneta, overlapping space
Choo
Negative space
Positive space
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BALANCE CONTRAST
EMPHASIS/DOMINANCEHARMONY MOVEMENTPATTERN
PROPORTION REPETITION
RHYTHM UNITY
VARIETY
principles of design of visual arts—means of organizing the elements in a work of art; balance, contrast, emphasis/dominance, harmony,
movement, pattern, proportion, repetition, rhythm, unity, variety
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Emphasis/Dominance
Emphasis/Dominance--a principle of design of visual arts; importance given to certain objects or areas in an artwork; color, texture, shape, space, and size can be used to create a focal point or center of interest
Focal point is most interesting if it is off center
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Emphasis/Focal point
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Contrast
contrast—a principle of design of visual arts; a technique in an artwork which shows differences in art elements such as smooth/rough textures, light/dark colors, or thick/thin lines
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Contrast
Texture contrast
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Movement
movement—a principle of design of visual arts; the use of art elements to draw a viewer’s eye through an artwork
Oscar de LaRenta
John Richmond
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Balance
balance—a principle of design of visual arts; the arrangement of elements that makes individual parts of a composition appear equally important; balance is an arrangement of the elements to create an equal distribution of visual weight throughout the format or composition; if a composition appears top or bottom heavy and/or anchored with weight to one side, it is not visually balanced
types of balance: symmetrical (formal balance)—image or form equally
weighted on both sides of a center line asymmetrical (informal balance)—unevenly weighted image
or form radial balance—image or form radiating from a center point
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Balance
Bottega VenetaSymmetrical balance
Chanel
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Pattern
pattern—a principle of design-the repetition of art elements in an organized way; pattern and rhythm are both created through repetition; see rhythm entry for examples of regular, alternating, random and progressive rhythmic patterns.
rhythm (visual)—a principle of design of visual art---the use of repeated art elements to create movement in an artwork; examples are random rhythm, regular rhythm, alternating rhythm, flowing progressive
alternating rhythm—created by repeating two or more of an element of art, such as red-blue, red-blue, red-blue.
angular rhythm—created by repeating two or more lines that have straight angles and edges flowing rhythm— flowing rhythm created by the repetition of wavy lines or curved shapes;
flowing rhythm suggests movement or motion progressive rhythm—rhythm created by changing motif shapes or size in steps each time it
repeats random rhythm—a type of visual rhythm in which the same elements are repeated with no
apparent order, such as stars in the sky regular rhythm—visual rhythm using the same elements repeated again and again in a
particular order
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Pattern
Dolce and Gabana
Oscar de LaRenta