DSD-INT 2017 The unsaturated zone MetaSWAP-package, recent developments - Van Walsum
FARMING FOR FOOD Edith van Walsum Frank van Schoubroeck.
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Transcript of FARMING FOR FOOD Edith van Walsum Frank van Schoubroeck.
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FARMING FOR FOODFARMING FOR FOOD
Edith van WalsumEdith van Walsum
Frank van SchoubroeckFrank van Schoubroeck
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Promotes sustainable agriculture, with a focus on small-scale family farmers through LEISA Magazine and other
forms of information exchange through guiding systematisation
processes of stakeholders through building policy-practice
linkages
…
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… is part of the global LEISA Network, which publishes magazines on sustainable agriculture in
West Africa (French) East Africa (English) India ( English, Hindi,Tamil, Kannada) Brazil (Portuguese) Latin America (Spanish) Indonesia ( Bahasa Indonesia) China (Chinese)
…
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DGIS / LNV Memorandum: 5 tracks
Track 1. Improving agricultural productivity Track 2. Enabling environment for value chains Track 3. Sustainable value chain development for People
(income distribution), Planet (ecological sustainability) and Profit (economic growth)
Track 4. Increased market access Track 5. Food security and transfer mechanisms
Access to food Productive safety nets and cash-for-work programmes Payment for environmental services Low external input and sustainable agriculture Skills development
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DGIS/LNV memorandum: Agriculture is embedded in society+landscape
Agriculture
Society
Rural Rural landscapelandscape
Rural population
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DGIS/LNV memorandum: track 1: increase cash crop production
Agriculture
Society
Rural Rural landscapelandscape
Rural population
Production (Track 1)
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DGIS/LNV memorandum: Track 3 (value chains) + Track 4 (Market access)
Agriculture
Value chain
(Track 3 / MDG 1-3-7)
Market Market accessaccess
(Track 4)(Track 4)
Society
Rural Rural landscapelandscape
Rural population
Production (Track 1)
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DGIS/LNV memorandum: Track 2: Market institutions
Agriculture
Value chain
(Track 3 / MDG 1-3-7)
Market Market accessaccess
(Track 4)(Track 4)
Society
Rural Rural landscapelandscape
Rural population
Market institutions
(Track 2)
Production (Track 1)
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DGIS/LNV memorandum: Track 5: Food security + Transfer mechanisms (PES,
LEISA, food for work, etc.)
Agriculture
Value chain
(Track 3 / MDG 1-3-7)
Market Market accessaccess
(Track 4)(Track 4)
Society
Rural Rural landscapelandscape
Rural population
Market institutions
(Track 2)
Food security (Track 5 / MDG 1)
PES(Track 5 / MDG 7)
Production (Track 1)
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DGIS/LNV memorandum: Track 5+: institutional development for sustainability
Agriculture
Value chain
(Track 3 / MDG 1-3-7)
Market Market accessaccess
(Track 4)(Track 4)
Society
Rural Rural landscapelandscape
Rural population
Market institutions
(Track 2)
Food security (Track 5 / MDG 1)
PES(Track 5 / MDG 7)
Environmental institutions(Track 5?)
Social institutions(Track 5?)
Production (Track 1)
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Visit to Northern Ghana: What are opportunities for rural
entrepreneurship?
Visit to Northern Ghana: What are opportunities for rural
entrepreneurship?
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An old acquaintance leads us around
An old acquaintance leads us around
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An NGO carries out a soy growing programme, with marketing through “The
Savannah Farmers’ co-operative”
An NGO carries out a soy growing programme, with marketing through “The
Savannah Farmers’ co-operative”
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NGO Project objective:
“... Developing the capacity of rural farmers to invest in (...)
Livelihood Enterprise Development and Trade for
Poverty Reduction ...”
NGO Project objective:
“... Developing the capacity of rural farmers to invest in (...)
Livelihood Enterprise Development and Trade for
Poverty Reduction ...”
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An extensionist leads us to a village
An extensionist leads us to a village
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Farmers: “we stopped calculating investments and
profits: the more we work, the poorer we get ...”
Farmers: “we stopped calculating investments and
profits: the more we work, the poorer we get ...”
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Local food market along the way: NGO staff buys yam
Local food market along the way: NGO staff buys yam
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NGO director: “the soy market has gone down because Brazil
floods our soy market”
NGO director: “the soy market has gone down because Brazil
floods our soy market”
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“When I was young, we went to the lu just 20 m into the forest – now we
can see the horizon”
“When I was young, we went to the lu just 20 m into the forest – now we
can see the horizon”
Causes:*no local rights to timber*chainsaw lumbering*burning for grasses
Causes:*no local rights to timber*chainsaw lumbering*burning for grasses
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“Climate change made that floods destroy our crops” “Climate change made that floods destroy our crops”
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Religious forest shows the tree growing potential
Religious forest shows the tree growing potential
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Burning vegetation -> poor productivity
Technically, trees could produce *fruits, vegetables, for food & market*ecosystem-services*and timber as “safety net”
Burning vegetation -> poor productivity
Technically, trees could produce *fruits, vegetables, for food & market*ecosystem-services*and timber as “safety net”
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On the way, thousands of hectares are planted with Yatropha – we counted 50
tractors on one spot
On the way, thousands of hectares are planted with Yatropha – we counted 50
tractors on one spot
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“Developing farmers’ rights to grow and sell trees is too
complicated”
“Developing farmers’ rights to grow and sell trees is too
complicated”
Policy discussions concentrate on “food sovereignty of northern Ghana” and local food marketing
Policy discussions concentrate on “food sovereignty of northern Ghana” and local food marketing
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Visit to Northern Ghana: What are opportunities for rural
entrepreneurship?
Visit to Northern Ghana: What are opportunities for rural
entrepreneurship?
•Can farmers take a role and develop a productive landscape? Tree layer – timber as safety net, food, etc.Ecosystem services – against floods, biodiversityLocal food – back-up for marketsTenure arrangements seem “in the way” - what support do farmers need?
•Can farmers take a role and develop a productive landscape? Tree layer – timber as safety net, food, etc.Ecosystem services – against floods, biodiversityLocal food – back-up for marketsTenure arrangements seem “in the way” - what support do farmers need?
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Some urgent (‘hot’) issues Northern Ghana:Some urgent (‘hot’) issues Northern Ghana: Land rights: short lease contracts for
landless people; government-traditional authority
Land use planning: industry takes over land
Water floods, water storage functions Landscape: productive tree layer
absent Value chain world market fluctuates;
food sovereignty, local markets
Land rights: short lease contracts for landless people; government-traditional authority
Land use planning: industry takes over land
Water floods, water storage functions Landscape: productive tree layer
absent Value chain world market fluctuates;
food sovereignty, local markets
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Track 5 is about capitals (human, social, political physical, natural – DFID livelihood model)
in support of rural entrepreneurship
AgricultureAgriculture
SocietySociety
Financial Financial capitalcapitalHuman, social, Human, social,
political capital:political capital:Marginalised Marginalised groups engage ingroups engage inSkill developmentSkill developmentOrganisation for Organisation for safety nets, food safety nets, food sovereigntysovereignty
Rural Rural populationpopulation
Physical and Physical and natural capital:natural capital:
PES: forestry, C-PES: forestry, C-sequestrationsequestrationSoil, water, Soil, water, biodiv- biodiv- managementmanagementLocal foodLocal food
Rural Rural landscapelandscape
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(0) Analyse context, get to know on-
going activity,
select area
(1) Social analysis: who
is track 5 target group?
(2) Landscape analysis: what
(natural, physical)
potential is there?
(3) Find “hot issues”: Combine (1) and (2): Who could realize a
particular potential?
(4) What hierarchy of conditions are
crucial? E.g., policy, regulation, capacity,
support
(5) Start a multi-layered multi-actor
process; initiate action
around hot issues
Possible process:
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Proposal:Action learning process in three ‘APF countries’:
Ethiopia, Niger, Rwanda or UgandaMeetings in NL (March – May 2009)Inception workshops with partners in countries >
context analysis; inventorise existing/past initiatives to support small & marginal farmers and food security (June – Sep 2009)
Action learning around specific areas and themes in the chosen countries (Sep 2009 - Dec 2010)
Lessons learned workshop in NL (Dec 2010)
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Points for discussion and feedback:
Relevance of a learning trajectory on Farming For Food
Complementarity with other ongoing APF initiatives
Specific areas and themes to focus onProcessNext steps