Farm Animals of Spanish Colonial Texas
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Farm Animals of Spanish Farm Animals of Spanish Colonial TexasColonial Texas
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Large Livestock (Ganado Large Livestock (Ganado Mayor)Mayor) Horses
Burros/Mules
Cattle
Oxen
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HorsesHorses Uses
Increased speed of communication Carried food and other goods Ranchers used horses in the cattle drives and
on the range. Vaqueros could lasso cows from horseback
Horses were of mixed quality Not of the Andalusian bloodline like Spain was famous for
http://www.spanishhorses.net/Image/frontpage2.jpg
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Burros/MulesBurros/Mules Burros – Donkeys Mules – Sterile offspring of male donkey
and female horse Both used as work animals
Pulled plows for farming and carried food and goods
http://farm3.static.flickr.com/2284/2089023448_fa1130d6c3.jpg?v=0
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Juancito.jpg
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CattleCattle Cattle was the main protein source of
Spanish settlers Introduced three different breeds
Ganado prieto – black Ganado retinto – reddish or tan Ganado barrenda – white with black markings
http://www.retinta.es/asociacion.htm
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OxenOxen Oxen are castrated male bovines, usually
over four years of age, and trained as draught animals
They were used by settlers to pull plows and haul goods
Oxen can pull harder and longer and are more durable than horses
http://lh3.ggpht.com/_ySgpx9ktqPs/Rw-eXcYKkNI/AAAAAAAABI8/J1bKJGN9KN8/IMG_1795.JPG
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Small Animals (Ganado Small Animals (Ganado Menor)Menor) Sheep
Goats
Hogs
Dogs
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SheepSheep Eaten for protein and sheared for wool to
make clothing Sheep could survive on poorer pastures
than cattle Churra was the breed introduced by the
Spanish Lean and hardy 60-80 lbs in weight Produced 1-2.5 lbs of
coarse wool
http://www.sheep101.info/breedsC.html
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Goats Goats Eaten for protein
Chivos – Adult pastured goats Cabrito – kid goats, usually less than a month
old A delicacy favored over the adults
http://medioambiente.gov.ar/archivos/web/chaco/File/ChivosGr.jpg
http://www.fiery-foods.com/dave2/images/cabo/cabrito.jpg
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HogsHogs “Razorback” Hogs introduced by Spanish
settlers Served as yet another food source, though
records indicate the number of hogs was fairly low
These hogs evolved into the feral pigs that now roam much of Texas
www.pbase.com/rod_ostoski/image/53397397
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Dogs were one of the few domestic animals not introduced by the Europeans
Spanish settlers discovered the Plains Indians using dogs to pull loads on wooden polescalled travois
The Spanish later utilized domesticated dogs on the farm to herd other animals and to guard their flocks
DogsDogs
http://www.texasindians.com/horse.htm
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Problems EncounteredProblems Encountered The Plains Indians valued Spanish horses
and cattle and often stole livestock from their farms.
Some livestock often became wild upon neglect from the farmers. The wild mustangs that once roamed the American west and many feral pigs can be traced back to Spanish roots.
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Texas Longhorn CattleTexas Longhorn Cattle A hybrid breed resulting from Spanish retinto
stock and English cattle – 1800s Best known for their extremely long horns;
but also valued for their hardiness, hybrid vigor, and easy calving
Longhorn beef is much leaner and lower in fat than other beef cattle
Quickly became a symbol of Texas culture