HADID OCCUPATION

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A legendary architect and mathmatician known to create the world’s most exciting and significant contemporary building projects.

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Born October 31, 1950 in Baghdad, Iraq. She recieved her dual British citizenship in 1972.

Attended a religiously diverse Catholic school run by nuns where muslim and jewish girls would play together while the Catholic girls attended Chapel. She attended the American University in Beirut, Lebanon and recieving a degree in mathmatics. Later, she enrolled at the Architec-tural Association School of Architecture where she graduated with a special diploma prize in 1977. She has honorary member-ships in countries including Germany, the United States, and Great Britian.

1993 Vitra Fire Station completed, Weil am Rhein, Germany.1999 LF One/Landesgartenschau completed, Weil am Rhein, Germany.2000 Serpentine Gallery Pavilion, London. 2002 Bergisel Ski-Jump completed, Innsbruck, Austria. 2003 Rosenthal Center for Contemporary Arts completed, Cincinnati, USA. 2004 Laureate of the Pritzker Architecture Prize.2005 The BMW Central Building completed, Leipzig, Germany. 2009 Exhibiting in Design Museum and Beefeater 24 present Super Contemporary, Design Museum 3 June - 4 October 20092012- 20,000-seat Aquatics Centre for London Olympics

Hadid’s early trip to Sumer, Iraq sparked her desire to invent a form of contemporary achitecture where“sand, water, reeds, birds, buildings, and people all somehow flowed together.” He designs were often recieved with silence from audiences such as advertisers, but recieved with applause by industrialists. Her ideas were considered too radical or impractical. Her melodramatic buildings “sparkled like jewels” transitioning to buildings that make landscapes flow together like an “urban carpet”. Her designs evoke the chaotic fluidity of modern life through multiple perspectives and fragmented geometry. She believes there can always be several hundred configuations for the same space. Her personality is akin to architectur-al natural selection and weeds out weak clients, making her buildings famously strong-willed, vigorous and dramatic as their creator. Architects such as Koolhas consider her “a planet in her own orbit” breaking free from the earth, making supports dissapear. Her designsshattered the classical, old and formal rules of architecture. He goal is to design something that allows ideas expressed to be launched into society.

Hadid is known for her intellectual toughness and her tenacity to stay true to her ideas even when some of them could not be built at the time. She believes that design students should be focused and work hard but not without a goal. She is also concerned that society is becoming too segmented and should strive towards a liberal, open society.

Her Islamic parents were well-educated and were comfortable with Western multiculturalism. Her father was a politician, industrialist, and economist who co-founded the Iraqi National Democratic and helped lead their progressive parties. Hadid’s drawing ability was recognized early by her mother and attracted the attention of art museums. After a trip to the southern region of Iraq in Sumer, it occured to her from the age of 11 that she wanted to discover a way to make nature, people and buildings all flow together. She is not currently married or has children.

Practicing at Zaha Hadid architects in London (est.1980). She also teaches at the university of applied arts in Vienna.

Competition Winner, MAXXI: National Museum of XXI Century Arts, Rome (1997) // European Union Prize for Contemporary Architecture (2003) // Pritzker Architecture Prize (2004) // American Institute of Architects Award (2007) // Thomas Jefferson Medal in Architecture (2007)

Notable Biographies. (n.d.). Zaha Hadid. In The Encyclopedia of World Biography. Retrieved Sept. 30, 2012, from http://ww.notablebiographies.com/supp/Supplement-Fl-Ka/Hadid-Zaha.html.Design Museum. (n.d.). Zaha Hadid Architect. In Design Museum: Design.. Retrieved Sept. 30, 2012, from http://designmuseum.org/design/zaha-hadid-Fl-Ka/Hadid-Zaha.html.Designboom. (January 16, 2007). Zaha Hadid Interview. In Designboom: Interviews.. Retrieved Sept. 30, 2012, from http://designmuseum.org/design/zaha-hadid-Fl-Ka/Hadid-Zaha.ht

ZAHA

SANTIAGO CALATRAVA OCCUPATION

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An architect and artist who is trained in Structural Engineering. He is a sculptor, philosopher, father and husband. He is considered a international design visionary.

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Born July 28, 1951, in the town of Benimamet near Valencia, Spain. Still practicing as of Oct. 1, 2012.

Calatrava recieved a degree from Institute of Architecture, Valencia, Spain in 1974 and took a post-graduate course in Urbanism. While in school, he undertook a project with his fellow students to write a book on the vernacular architecture of Valencia and Ibiza. He later earned two Ph.D.s from Federal Institute of Technology, Zürich, Switzerland in 1981 where he developed an expertise in structural engineering. He has recieved 18 doctoral honors throughout his career and awarded 8 honorary memberships interna-tionally.

1982- First major commission for Zürich's Stadelhofen Railway Station,

1994- Lyons Airport Terminal, France.

1998- Campo Volantin footbridge, Bilbao, Spain,

2000- City of Art and Sciences, Valencia,

2001- Quadracci Pavilion, Milwaukee Art Museum, Wisconsin,

2004- Roof of Olympic Sports Complex, Athens, Greece.

2010- New York City Ballet

Calatrava uses a recognizable style of delicate, curving spines made from white concrete called “space frames.” His inspirations for designs came from studies of human skeletons. He controls free thinking and emotional impulses in a rational approach called Morphology. This uses sculpture and sketching to organize complex ideas into 2 parts: a container and a part. He draws the human body over and over to understand the movement and gesture. His buildings evoke images of nature such as venus flytraps, human bones, birds about to take flight. He uses the conscious process of the mind’s artistic interpretation to ensure his ideas “belong to nature.” In an interview for the Smithonsian magazine, Calatrava explains that: "movement gives an added dimen-sion to form. It makes form a living thing. Instead of thinking of a building as something mineral, like a rock, we can start to compare a building to the sea, which has waves that move, or to a flower whose petals open in the morning. This is a new, more poetic understanding of architecture." His point of view allows him to project his dreams, his knowledge, and his personal work of research.

Calatrava’s fascination of construction of large, load-bearing buildings led his technical expertise. Architecture critics such as Whitney Could know his architecture for the “exquisite fusion of the natural and built environments” which reminds society of “architecture’s transforming power, it’s capacity to make life whole.”

Both of Calatrava’s parents were involved in the agricultural export business. His last name came from a family line of aristocratic medieval knights. Growing up, Calatrava was artistically gifted and loved sculpting. At a young age he took classes in drawing and painting at a local arts school. In his early teens he did a foreign exchange to Paris and France. He married a law student named Tina, . and later had 4 children. He currently lives in Mahattan New York with his wife, who is his business manager for offices in Zürich, Valencia, and Paris.

Practices in New York (est.2004). Manages firms in Zürich (est.1981), Paris (1989), and Valencia (1991).

Gold Medal of the Institute of Structur-al Engineers, London // The City of Toronto Urban Design Award // Designation as a Global Leader for Tomorrow by the World Economic Forum in Davos // The Gold Medal for Merit in the Fine Arts, Ministry of Culture, Granada

Brennan, C. (n.d.). Santiago Calatrava . In Encyclopedia of World Biography. Retrieved September 28, 2012, from http://www.notablebiographies.com/newsmakers2/2005-A-Fi/Calatrava-Santiago.html.Ivy, R.. (n.d.). An Interview with Santiago Calatrava. In Architectural Record. Retrieved September 28, 2012, from http://archrecord.construction.com/people/interviews/archives/0008calatrava-1.asp.Winkleman, C. (October 7, 2002 ). BIOGRAPHY: SANTIAGO CALATRAVA . In SMU News. Retrieved September 27, 2012, from http://smu.edu/newsinfo/releases/m2013b.html.

DA VINCI OCCUPATION

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Born April 15, 1452, in Vinci, Italy, just outside Florence.

He was apprenticed at 15 years old to Andrea del Verrochio in Florence in 1469. His immense talent was quickly recognized during his apprenticeship and his master realized his student had surpassed him. He entered into service of the Duke of Milan in 1482.

The Last SupperThe Virgin on the Rocks"Battle of Anghiari." The Mona LisaBig HorseWater projects: floating snowshoes to walk on water, breathing devices (including a diving hood), webbed gloves to explore underwater, a life preserver to remain afloat and devices to attack and sink ships from underwater.

Da Vinci’s ideas were brilliant and ranged from the executable to the prophetic. Through his painting, he sought a universal language through painting realistically. He disliked the way older paintings looked cartoony and desired a soft, lifelike quality which he found through the technique called chiaroscuro. He turned to science to improve his designs. He believed that in order to be a great artist, one must understand all the laws of nature. He was als strong, had a great singing voice, and follow a strict dietary plans. Da Vinci found it difficult to make money as an artist, so he adapted his skills to design fields with more demand for commissions such as military engineering, canal building, weapons design and architecture. He told patrons wanting military machines he wanted to “create new machines” for a “new world.” However, he hated war, loved nature and value of understanding life. He also had a strong interest with time which led to his fascination with gears and levers,. One of his main creativity drivers was a desire to learn how to harness the activity, power, and exploratory world of water.

Leonardo Da Vinci left a legacy that set the stage for future scientific, artistic and medical progress. He proved that out of the box thinking can happen in any era under circumstances of a drive to learn. His interest in self-mastery and understanding the laws of nature set a high bar for intellectu-alism. His genius and devotion to knowledge is ledgendary.

Da Vinci’s parents were a 25 year old Notary named San Piero and a peasant girl named Caterina. His father took custody of him, since the parents were not married. His mother remarried and supplied him with 17 half sisters and brothers. He had acccess to scholarly texts from his family and friends libraries. He had broad interests and was compelled by learning so many new subjects that he often failed to finish projects. He spent most of his time pondering universal truths, human science and observing nature. His lack of finishing projects tarnished his reputation and decreased the amount of comissions he recieved. He was in trouble with the Catholic church for breaking rules and studying branches of science that were forbidden at the time.

Died on May 2, 1519 at King Francis’s residence while the King was away.

Premier Painter and Engineer and Architect of the King by Francis I in France (1516) // (more)

http://www.mos.org/LEONARDO/bio.html

LEONARDO

TRAININGHe traveled, studying and working in a range of subjects including explorations of nature, anatomy, geometry, designs of flying machines, weapon mechanics, municipal construction and architecture. He later trained students in a workshop that was

Artist, architect, engineer, inventor, singer and sculptor.