Families on the Periodic Table. Alkali Metals Elements Solids: Lithium Potassium Sodium Rubidium...
-
Upload
barrie-wiggins -
Category
Documents
-
view
213 -
download
1
Transcript of Families on the Periodic Table. Alkali Metals Elements Solids: Lithium Potassium Sodium Rubidium...
Families on the Periodic Table
Alkali Metals
Elements
Solids:
Lithium
Potassium
Sodium
Rubidium
Cesium
Francium
Alkali Metals (cont.)
Characteristics Soft Dull silver color Low density Low melting point
Reacts w/ halogens to form salts
Reacts w/ water to form strong alkaline hydroxides
Alkaline Earth Metals
Elements
Solids
Beryllium
Magnesium
Calcium
Strontium
Barium
Radium
Alkaline Earth Metals (cont.)
Characteristics Soft Shiny silver color Low density Found naturally as a
compound
Glow different colors Reacts w/ halogens to
form ionic salts
Transition Metals
Elements
Solids
All “D-block” elements
Atomic numbers 21-30
39-48
57, 72-80
89, 104-112
Transition Metals (cont.)
Characteristics High density High melting / boiling
point Good catalysts
Hard, tough & strong Silvery blue at room
temp. Multiple oxidation
states
Other Metals
Elements
Solids
Aluminum
Gallium
Indium
Tin
Thallium
Lead
Bismuth
Other Metals (cont.)
Characteristics Relatively high density Salts Solids
Opaque color Malleable Oxidation numbers +3,
+4, -3
Metalloids
Elements
Solids
Boron
Silicon
Germanium
Arsenic
Antimony
Tellurium
Polonium
Metalloids (cont.)
Characteristics Some shiny Some dull Malleable
Ductile Has properties of both
metals and nonmetals
Non-Metals
Gases
Hydrogen
Carbon
Nitrogen
Oxygen
Solids
Phosphorus
Sulfur
Selenium
Non-Metals (cont.)
Characteristics Poor thermal
conductors Brittle Little to no metallic
luster High ionization energy
High electronegativity Gain electrons easily Various valance
electron amts.
Halogens
Solids
Iodine
Astatine
Liquids
Bromine
Gases
Fluorine
Chlorine
Halogens (cont.)
Only group in all 3 states of matter Highly reactive w/ Alkali Metals & Alkaline
Earth Metals High electronegativity
Noble Gases
Elements
Gases
Helium
Neon
Argon
Krypton
Xenon
Radon
Noble Gases (cont.)
Non-reactive Odorless Tasteless Colorless Nonflammable
Rare Earth Elements
Elements
Solids
All “F-block” elements
Atomic numbers 58-71
90-103
Rare Earth Elements (cont.)
Characteristics Most are manmade High luster High burning point High electrical
conductivity
Reactivity varies Usually bonded to
non-metals AKA: lanthanides &
actinides