Fall 2011Nassau Community College ITE153 – Operating Systems

Session 16Windows 7 Professional DNS & Active Directory

1

Fall 2011Nassau Community College ITE153 – Operating Systems

Session 16Windows 7 Professional

Configuring TCP/IP Addressing & Name Resolution

2

Overview

• Configuring IP Addresses• Troubleshooting IP Addresses• Determining TCP/IP Name Resolution

Methods• Configuring a DNS and WINS Client• Connecting to a Remote Host

Fall 2011 3Nassau Community College ITE153 – Operating Systems

Configuring IP Addresses

• Assigning Static IP Addresses• Overview of Dynamic Address

Assignment• Using DHCP to Automate IP Address

Assignments• Enabling Alternate IP Configuration

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Assigning Static IP Addresses

Client with Static

Addressing

Specifies192.168.2.15

Specifies192.168.2.15

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Overview of Dynamic Address Assignment

Yes

Assign an IPaddress

Assign an IPaddress

Assign alternateIP address

Assign alternateIP address

Yes

NoAutomatic

PrivateIP addressgenerates IP address

Automatic Private

IP addressgenerates IP address

NoIs alternate IP configured?

Is alternate IP configured?

Request for IP address

Request for IP address

Is DHCPavailable?Is DHCP

available?

• Dynamic address• Alternate static address• Automatic Private IP Address

Client with Dynamic

Addressing

DHCPServer

Fall 2011 6Nassau Community College ITE153 – Operating Systems

Using DHCP to Automate IP Address Assignments

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Enabling Alternate IP Configuration

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Troubleshooting IP Addresses

• Using TCP/IP Troubleshooting Utilities• Using ipconfig to Troubleshoot IP

Addressing• Using ping to Troubleshoot IP

Addressing• Using tracert to See Packet Traversal

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Using TCP/IP Troubleshooting Utilities

• arp• hostname• ipconfig• ping• pathping• tracert

Fall 2011 10Nassau Community College ITE153 – Operating Systems

Using ipconfig to Troubleshoot IP Addressing

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Using ping to Troubleshoot IP Addressing

Testing IP ConfigurationTesting IP ConfigurationTesting IP ConfigurationTesting IP Configuration

Ping 127.0.0.1 (Loopback Address)

Ping IP address of the computer

Ping IP address of the default gateway

Ping IP address of the remote host

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Lab A: Configuring IP Addresses for Windows XP

Professional

Fall 2011 13Nassau Community College ITE153 – Operating Systems

Determining TCP/IP Name Resolution Methods

• Types of Names• Mapping Names: Dynamic or Static

Tables• Dynamic IP Mapping• Static IP Mapping• Selecting a Name Resolution Method• Host Name Resolution Process• NetBIOS Name Resolution Process

Fall 2011 14Nassau Community College ITE153 – Operating Systems

Types of Names

Host nameHost name

Assigned to a computer’s IP address

Up to 255 characters in length

Can contain alphabetic and numeric characters, hyphens, and periods

Together with the domain name creates a fully qualified domain name

Assigned to a computer’s IP address

Up to 255 characters in length

Can contain alphabetic and numeric characters, hyphens, and periods

Together with the domain name creates a fully qualified domain name

16-byte address

15 of the bytes may be used for the name

16th byte is used by the services that a computer offers to the network

16-byte address

15 of the bytes may be used for the name

16th byte is used by the services that a computer offers to the network

NetBIOS nameNetBIOS name

Fall 2011 15Nassau Community College ITE153 – Operating Systems

Mapping Names: Dynamic or Static Tables

NetBIOS name to IPHost name to IP

Statictables

HOSTS fileHOSTS file LMHOSTS fileLMHOSTS file

Dynamictables

DNS serverDNS server WINS serverWINS server

Fall 2011 16Nassau Community College ITE153 – Operating Systems

Dynamic IP Mapping

A system for naming computers and network services

Naming system is organized in a hierarchical fashion

Maps domain names to IP address

Mapping records are stored on a DNS server

A system for naming computers and network services

Naming system is organized in a hierarchical fashion

Maps domain names to IP address

Mapping records are stored on a DNS server

Provides a distributed database for registering dynamic mappings of NetBIOS names

Maps NetBIOS names to IP addresses

Provides a distributed database for registering dynamic mappings of NetBIOS names

Maps NetBIOS names to IP addresses

DNS serverDNS server

WINS serverWINS server

Fall 2011 17Nassau Community College ITE153 – Operating Systems

Static IP Mapping

Provides name resolution for host name to IP address

Multiple host names can be assigned to the same IP address

Provides name resolution for host name to IP address

Multiple host names can be assigned to the same IP address

Provides name resolution for NetBIOS name to IP address

A Part of the LMHOSTS file ispre-loaded into memory

One IP per NetBIOS name; names can be a single device or a group

Provides name resolution for NetBIOS name to IP address

A Part of the LMHOSTS file ispre-loaded into memory

One IP per NetBIOS name; names can be a single device or a group

HOSTS fileHOSTS file

LMHOSTS fileLMHOSTS file

Fall 2011 18Nassau Community College ITE153 – Operating Systems

Selecting a Name Resolution Method

DNS serverDNS server

WINS serverWINS server

DNS is required when:

Client is a member of the active directory domain

Client needs to communicate over the Internet

DNS is required when:

Client is a member of the active directory domain

Client needs to communicate over the Internet

WINS is required when:

Client is a member of a Windows NT 4.0 or earlier domain

Client applications or services require NetBIOS name resolution

WINS is required when:

Client is a member of a Windows NT 4.0 or earlier domain

Client applications or services require NetBIOS name resolution

Fall 2011 19Nassau Community College ITE153 – Operating Systems

Host Name Resolution Process

Enter commandEnter command1111

Local host nameLocal host name2222

DNS serverDNS server5555

WINS serverWINS server7777

LMHOSTSfile

LMHOSTSfile9999

NetBIOS name cacheNetBIOS name cache6666

HOSTSfile

HOSTSfile

4444

8888 BroadcastBroadcast

AA

DNS cacheDNS cache3333

Fall 2011 20Nassau Community College ITE153 – Operating Systems

NetBIOS Name Resolution Process

NetBIOS name cacheNetBIOS name cache2222

WINS serverWINS server3333

BroadcastBroadcast4444

DNS serverDNS server7777

HOSTSfile

HOSTSfile

6666

LMHOSTSfile

LMHOSTSfile

5555

Enter commandEnter command1111

AA

Fall 2011 21Nassau Community College ITE153 – Operating Systems

Configuring a DNS and WINS Client

• Specifying Host Names, Domain Names, and Connection-Specific Names

• Configuring a DNS Client• Specifying Additional DNS Servers• Configuring DNS Query Settings• Configuring DHCP to Dynamically Update

DNS• Troubleshooting DNS Name Resolution• Configuring a WINS Client

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Specifying Host Names, Domain Names, and

Connection-Specific Names

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Configuring a DNS Client

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Specifying Additional DNS Servers

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Configuring DNS Query Settings

Fall 2011 26Nassau Community College ITE153 – Operating Systems

Configuring DHCP to Dynamically Update DNS

DHCP registered DHCP registered DHCP registered DHCP registered Client registeredClient registeredClient registeredClient registered

DHCPdynamic update

DHCPdynamic update

Clientdynamic update

Clientdynamic update

DNS Server

DHCP ServerComputer1Static or Dynamic

Request for IP addressRequest for IP addressRequest for IP addressRequest for IP address11

Assign IP addressAssign IP address of 192.168.120.133 of 192.168.120.133 Assign IP addressAssign IP address

of 192.168.120.133 of 192.168.120.133

22

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DNS databaseDNS database

Computer1 192.168.120.133

Computer1 192.168.120.133

Fall 2011 27Nassau Community College ITE153 – Operating Systems

Troubleshooting DNS Name Resolution

1111Use nslookup command

2222Change the host name resolution configuration

Fall 2011 28Nassau Community College ITE153 – Operating Systems

Configuring a WINS ClientManual configurationManual configurationManual configurationManual configuration Automatic configurationAutomatic configurationAutomatic configurationAutomatic configuration

DHCP clients

DHCPserver

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Lab B: Configuring the DNS Client for Windows XP

Professional

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Connecting to a Remote Host

• Working with FTP• Working with Telnet• Using HyperTerminal

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Working with FTP

Commandline clientCommandline client

Windows Explorergraphical client

Windows Explorergraphical client

Windows XP Professional provides various client FTP interfaces along with the tools for hosting FTP sites by using IIS

Windows XP Professional provides various client FTP interfaces along with the tools for hosting FTP sites by using IIS

Fall 2011 32Nassau Community College ITE153 – Operating Systems

Working with Telnet

Telnet server:

Telnet client: Issuing UNIX commands

UNIX serverTelnet server

Windows XP ProfessionalTelnet client

UNIX workstationTelnet client

Windows XP ProfessionalTelnet server

Issuing Telnet commands

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Using HyperTerminal

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SSH & Putty

• Secure Shell Host• Putty - http://www.putty.org/

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Review

• Configuring IP Addresses• Troubleshooting IP Addresses• Determining TCP/IP Name Resolution

Methods• Configuring a DNS and WINS Client• Connecting to a Remote Host

Fall 2011 36Nassau Community College ITE153 – Operating Systems

Homework

Review the SlidesReview Lesson 6, 8, & 17 In The TextTry This At Home:

Bring Up Windows 7 under VMPlayer

Fall 2011Nassau Community College ITE153 – Operating Systems 37