Mariesa CrowPresented by: Keyou Wang

Missouri University of Science & Technology

FACTS/Energy Storage Project

Funded in part by the Energy Storage Systems Program of the U.S. Department Of Energy through Sandia National Laboratories

Integrate BESS with existing STATCOM

STATCOM/BESSData Acquisition System

Original STATCOM

BESS

Background:

Extend to SSSC/BESS

Control Rack

IGBT Driver and Protection Board

Multilevel Topologies

Hardware Design

Cascaded

Diode-clamped

Operating Regions

Cascaded

Diode-clamped

Note Similarity of ResponseBetween STATCOM/BESS and

STATCOM/UCAP

STATCOM/BESS STATCOM/UCAP

BESS vs EC (UCAP)

1st Quadrant

FACTS

10 KVA

3332

31 30

35

80

78

74

7966

75

77

7672

8281

8683

84 85

156 157 161162

vv

167165

15815915544

45160

166

163

5 11

6

8

9

1817

43

7

14

12 13

138139

147

15

19

16

112

114

115

118

119

103

107108

110

102

104

109

142

376463

56153 145151

15213649

4847

146154

150149

143

4243

141140

50

57

230 kV345 kV500 kV

36

69

FACTS

FACTS

FACTS

A/D D/A

A/D

D/AA

/D D

/A

Hardware in the loop simulations

Power System Security

Natural faults

Simulation Engine

(multiprocessor)

FACTS Device

Text blockHIL Line

Text

Simulation Engine

Network

Manual power flow control

Placement for steady-state performance

Placement for dynamic performance

Long term control (MF & SQP)

agent based long term control

Line overload cascading failure

scenarios

dynamic cascading failure scenarios

Closed-loop long term control

Cascading failure scenarios

Closed loop dynamic control

Closed loop multi-device

Dynamic nonlinear control

Visualization

Unified Power Quality Conditioner with EC

Series DVR Shunt APF

Three PhaseLoad

AC systemLoad busSystem bus

VS VLiS iL

iSh

Series DVR Shunt APF

DC/DC converter

Three PhaseLoad

AC systemLoad busSystem bus

VS VLiS iL

iSh

UPQC

0.35 0.4 0.45 0.5 0.55

0.06

0.08

0.1

(a)

0.35 0.4 0.45 0.5 0.552

4

6

(b)

0.35 0.4 0.45 0.5 0.55-2

0

2

(c)

0.35 0.4 0.45 0.5 0.55-0.5

0

0.5

(d)time (seconds)

source voltage

load voltage

0.35 0.4 0.45 0.5 0.55

0.06

0.08

0.1

(a)

2

4

6

(b)

-2

0

2

-0.5

0

0.5

(d)time (seconds)

source voltage

load voltage

(c)0.35

No EC with EC

Dynamic voltage regulation

Active filter

time (seconds)

Icomp

Iload Isource

Icomp

Iload Isource

Using power electronics and EC to improve residential wind

turbine response

Measured wind turbine power outputSkystream 3.7

DC-DC converterUcap DC

Link

Shunt Inverter

+

-

DC-DC Converter Controller

PWM Shunt Inverter

Controller

AC Load

PCCis

i inv

iL

Lsh Rsh

PsPrefVref Vdc

S1 S2 g1 g2 g3 g4

Power quality conditioner

Vs

Power Quality

Conditioner

is

iinv

iL

LOAD

Wind Turbine

Simplified functional circuit

1+sT

-sTIs Iinv*

ControlDC Link voltage Vdc is measured

Error signal e is calculated from

Vdc and Vref

Is Vdc lies between 205V and

210V?

Is Vdc>Vref?

Error signal is compared with

negative triangular waveform

Error signal is compared with

triangular waveform

S2 gate signals are obtained and S1 is

zero

S1 gate signals are obtained and

S2 is zero

Error signal is passed into dead

band and it becomes zero

Converter doesnot operate in any mode

Converter operates in Buck mode

Converter operates in Boost mode

NO YES

YESNO

UcapDC Link

S1

S2

L1

Q2 D2

D1

Q1

C1

BUCK Mode

BOOSTMode

Vdc<Vref

Vdc>Vref

Vdc

Bi-directional DC/DC converter

Hardware development and validation is continuing for the UPQC and the power quality conditioner

Publications (selected)• K. Wang*, M. L. Crow, B. McMillin, S. Atcitty, “A Novel Real-Time Approach to Unified Power

Flow Controller Validation,” IEEE Transactions on Power Systems (to appear)

• M. Zarghami*, M. L. Crow, S. Jagannathan, S. Atcitty, “A Novel Approach to Inter-Area Oscillation Damping by Unified Power Flow Controllers Utilizing Ultracapacitors,” IEEE Trans. on Power Systems, vol. 25, no. 1, February 2010.

• W. Siever*, D. Tauritz, A. Miller, B. McMillin, M. Crow, and S. Atcitty, “Symbolic Reduction for High-Speed Power System Simulation,” Simulation: Transactions of the Society for Modeling and Simulation International, vol. 84, no. 6, June 2008.

• Y. Cheng, C. Qian, M. L. Crow, S. Pekarek, S. Atcitty, “A Comparison of Diode-Clamped and Cascaded Multilevel Converters for a STATCOM with Energy Storage,” IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, vol. 53, no.5, October 2006.

• L. Zhang, C. Shen, M. L. Crow. S. Atcitty, L. Dong*, S. Pekarek “Performance Indices for the Dynamic Performance of FACTS and FACTS with Energy Storage,” Electric Power System Components and Systems, vol. 33, no. 3, March 2005.

• L. Dong, M. L. Crow, Z. Yang*, S. Atcitty, “A Reconfigurable FACTS System for University Laboratories, IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, vol. 19, no. 1, pp. 120-128, February 2004. (Awarded IEEE PES prize paper)

Special Thanks• Imre Gyuk - DOE

• Stan Atcitty - Sandia National Laboratories

• John Boyes - Sandia National Laboratories

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