FACTS ABOUT WORKING WOMEN - fraser.stlouisfed.org · WOMEN'S BUREAU MARY ANDERSON, Director...

U. S. DEPARTMENT OF LABOR JAMES J. DAVIS. SECRETARY

WOMEN'S BUREAU M A R Y ANDERSON, Director

B U L L E T I N OF T H E W O M E N ' S B U R E A U , No. 46

FACTS ABOUT WORKING WOMEN

A GRAPHIC PRESENTATION BASED ON CENSUS STATISTICS AND STUDIES

OF THE WOMEN'S BUREAU

WASHINGTON GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE

1925

Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis

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CONTENTS

Page Letter of transmittal v Introduction 1 Tables and charts:

1. Proportion of women and of men gainfully occupied: 1880-1890-_ 4, 6 2. Distribution of workers, by sex, in each main occupational

division: 1910 and 1920 6, 7 3. Distribution of women by main occupational divisions: 1910

and 1920 8, 9 4. Proportion of women in each State gainfully occupied: 1920 10,11 5. Proportion of women in specified nativity and race groups gain-

fully occupied: 1910 and 1920 12,13 6. Nativity and race of working women: 1910 and 1920 14,15 7. Distribution of working women in specified nativity and race

groups, by main occupational divisions: 1910 and 1920 16-21 8. Nativity and race of women in each main occupational division:

1910 and 1920 22,23 9. Proportion of women in each age group, gainfully occupied:

1920 24,25 10. Age of working women and men: 1920 26, 27 11. Age of women in each main occupational division: 1920 28, 29 12. Distribution of working women in each age group by main

occupational divisions: 1920 30,31 13. Proportion of women in specified nativity and race groups,

gainfully occupied, by age groups: 1920 32, 33 14. Proportion of working women in each marital class: 1890-1920-- 34, 35 15. Marital condition of working women: 1890-1920 36 16. Distribution of working women in each marital class by main

occupational divisions: 1910 and 1920 37-39 17. Marital condition of women in each main occupational division:

1910 and 1920 40, 41 18. Marital condition of working women by nativity and race groups:

1920 - - 42,43 19. Proportion of women in each marital class gainfully occupied, by

nativity and race groups: 1920 44 20. Distribution of working women in each marital class, by nativity

and race groups: 1920 45 21. Marital condition and age of working women, by nativity and

race groups: 1920 46,47 22. Scheduled weekly hours of work of women in 13 States 48, 49 23. Women's earnings in 10 States. (Chart only) 50

APPENDIX TABLE

Total persons 10 years of age and over engaged in each specified occupation, classified by sex, for the United States: 1910 and 1920. (Reprinted from the U. S. Bureau of the Census. Fourteenth ^census. Population: 1920. v. 4, Occupations, p. 35-43, table 4.)

m


LETTER OF TRANSMITTAL

U N I T E D STATES DEPABTMENT OP LABOR, W O M E N ' S B U R E A U ,

Washington, Fehruary 7,1925. SIB: There is transmittoi herewith a graphic presentation of

facts relating to women workers. The study is based on the United States Censiis of Occupations and surveys made by the Women's Bureau and is offered in the belief that i t wi l l prove a useful hand-book in the study of the working woman of the United States and her status in the industrial world.

This study was made by Miss Florence P. Smith, research assistant in the Women's Bureau.

M A R Y ANDERSON, Director. H o n . JAMES J . D A V I S ,

Secretary of Labor.


FACTS ABOUT WORKING WOMEN

INTRODUCTION

That more than eight and one-half mil l ion women in the United States are working outside their homes for wages and salaries is a fact which invariably challenges attention and evokes innimierable questions. What do they do—these women?* What proportion are they of all the women in the country, and has that proportion, as well as the actual number of working women, increased since 1910?

Who are these millions of women who earn their own l iving and in so many instances contribute to the support of their families as well? How many are native or.foreign born, how many are white, and how many are of other races? How old are they? How many of them are under 25 years of age, and how do the ages of working women compare w i th the ages of working men?

How many of these wage-earning women are married, and what proportion do they form of al l the married women in the country? Has that proportion increased or decreased in the last decade? I n what occupations are the greatest niunbers of married women to be found, and how old are the most of these women who continue in or return to their jobs after marriage?

These and many other questions have been answered in the statis-tics of the Fourteenth Census of the United States, published by the Bureau of the Census in a detailed and comprehensive report on oc-cupations.® These facts disclosed by the census of 1920, in so far as they relate to women at work, are presented here in graphic form for ready reference. The charts and tables which follow cover out-standing facts concerning the working women of the United States as a whole; i t is impractical to present in similar manner the data for the 48 States. Comparison between 1910 and 1920 is shown in all cases where comparable figures were available and where the facts could be well presented graphically.

»In this connection seo U, S. Women's Bureau. Occupational progress of women: A n Interpretation of census statistics of women in gainful occupations. Washington, Government Printing Office, 1922. 37 p. (//« Bulletin 27.)

> U. S. Bureau of the Census. Fourteenth census. Population: 1920, v. 4, Occupations. Washington, Govermnent Printing Office. 1923. 1309 p.

1


2 F A C T S A B O U T W O E K I N G W O M E I T

I n comparing the figures for 1910 and 1920 i t is necessary to bear in mind that the census date changed from Apr i l 15 in 1910 to January 1 in 1920. This change in date, the Bureau of the Census points out,® probably accounts for the'decrease shown in the number of women engaged in agricultural pursuits, since in most localities agricultural work is at or near its lowest ebb in January, However, this decrease " m a y have been apparent only and due to an over-enumeration in 1910. I n a considerable measure, however, each decrease probably was actual. To the extent the decreases were actual, they are believed to have resulted mainly from the change in the census date and changes in the enumerators' instructions."

Another fact to be noted relates to the statistics shomng marital condition. Since mari tal condition in relation to occupation was considered of greater importance in the case of women than of men, the mari tal condition of working women but not of working men is brought out in the report of the Bureau of the Census.* Likewise, because of the special significance attached to the employment of married women, special tabulations were made for this class of women—that is, wives—as a separate group, while the returns for aU other mari tal classes—that is, women who were single, widowed, divorced, or of unknown status—^were tabulated together. Hence no separate statistics for single women are available. Furthermore, i t was assumed at the censuses of 1910 and 1920 that all married women at work were at least 15 years of age. The tabulations re-garding mari tal condition, therefore, were made on that basis, whereas other facts presented relate to women and girls 10 years of age and over.

Only two charts do not present data taken from the census tables; charts 22 and 23 are based on studies made by the Women's Bureau. Although surveys of hours of work of women in industry have been made in 13 States, wage studies have been conducted by the bureau in but 10 States.® I n surveying a State no attempt is made to include all the women at work in that State, but sufficiently representative numbers of women and establishments are covered to present a cross-section picture and provide a fair index to the conditions under which the wage-earning women of the whole State work. , This bulletin is presented in the belief that i t w i l l prove a useful handbook in the study of the working woman of the United States and her status in the industrial world.

» Op. Clt., p. 23. *op . c i t . , p . m , 4 Data for State studies In process of preparation have not been tocludeO.


10 FACTS ABOUT WOEKING WOMEIT

TABLE PROPORTION OF WOMEN AND OF M E N GAINFULLY OCCUPIED: 1880-19201

Sex and census year Population 10 years of

age and over

Persons 10 years of age and over engaged in gainful occupations Population

10 years of age and over

Number Percent

W O M E N : 18S0 18,025,627

23.060,900 28,246,384 34,552,712 40,449,346

18,735,980 24.352,659 29,703,440 37,027,658 42,289,969

2,647,157 4,005,532 6,319,397 8,075.772 8,549,511

14,744,942 19,312,651 23,753,836 sa 091,664 33,064,737

14.7 1890 «

18,025,627 23.060,900 28,246,384 34,552,712 40,449,346

18,735,980 24.352,659 29,703,440 37,027,658 42,289,969

2,647,157 4,005,532 6,319,397 8,075.772 8,549,511

14,744,942 19,312,651 23,753,836 sa 091,664 33,064,737

17.4 1900

18,025,627 23.060,900 28,246,384 34,552,712 40,449,346

18,735,980 24.352,659 29,703,440 37,027,658 42,289,969

2,647,157 4,005,532 6,319,397 8,075.772 8,549,511

14,744,942 19,312,651 23,753,836 sa 091,664 33,064,737

1&8 1910

18,025,627 23.060,900 28,246,384 34,552,712 40,449,346

18,735,980 24.352,659 29,703,440 37,027,658 42,289,969

2,647,157 4,005,532 6,319,397 8,075.772 8,549,511

14,744,942 19,312,651 23,753,836 sa 091,664 33,064,737

23.4 1920

18,025,627 23.060,900 28,246,384 34,552,712 40,449,346

18,735,980 24.352,659 29,703,440 37,027,658 42,289,969

2,647,157 4,005,532 6,319,397 8,075.772 8,549,511

14,744,942 19,312,651 23,753,836 sa 091,664 33,064,737

2L1 M E N :

1880

18,025,627 23.060,900 28,246,384 34,552,712 40,449,346

18,735,980 24.352,659 29,703,440 37,027,658 42,289,969

2,647,157 4,005,532 6,319,397 8,075.772 8,549,511

14,744,942 19,312,651 23,753,836 sa 091,664 33,064,737

m7 1 8 9 0 . . _

18,025,627 23.060,900 28,246,384 34,552,712 40,449,346

18,735,980 24.352,659 29,703,440 37,027,658 42,289,969

2,647,157 4,005,532 6,319,397 8,075.772 8,549,511

14,744,942 19,312,651 23,753,836 sa 091,664 33,064,737

78l3 8 a o 1900.-_ -

18,025,627 23.060,900 28,246,384 34,552,712 40,449,346

18,735,980 24.352,659 29,703,440 37,027,658 42,289,969

2,647,157 4,005,532 6,319,397 8,075.772 8,549,511

14,744,942 19,312,651 23,753,836 sa 091,664 33,064,737

78l3 8 a o

1910-

18,025,627 23.060,900 28,246,384 34,552,712 40,449,346

18,735,980 24.352,659 29,703,440 37,027,658 42,289,969

2,647,157 4,005,532 6,319,397 8,075.772 8,549,511

14,744,942 19,312,651 23,753,836 sa 091,664 33,064,737

8L3 1920

18,025,627 23.060,900 28,246,384 34,552,712 40,449,346

18,735,980 24.352,659 29,703,440 37,027,658 42,289,969

2,647,157 4,005,532 6,319,397 8,075.772 8,549,511

14,744,942 19,312,651 23,753,836 sa 091,664 33,064,737 7&2

18,025,627 23.060,900 28,246,384 34,552,712 40,449,346

18,735,980 24.352,659 29,703,440 37,027,658 42,289,969

2,647,157 4,005,532 6,319,397 8,075.772 8,549,511

14,744,942 19,312,651 23,753,836 sa 091,664 33,064,737

* TJ. S. Bureau of tho Census. »Figures for 1890 are exclusive - r

enumerated at t l ia t census* but for which occupation statistics are not available.

Fourteenth census. Population: 1920. v . 4, Occupations, p. 33, table I. 1890 are exclusive^of p ^ q n s i n Indjan Territory and on Indian reservations, areas specially



CHART 1.—PROPORTION OP WOMEN AND OF M E N GAINFULLY OCCUPIED: 1880-1920

P^r o&nt IOQ\

90

60

70

eo

SO

40-

iSO

10

10

tvom&f

76.7

cn Men

00.0

17.4 14.7

0 I

/6.6

ei.3 733.

taeo IS90 ffoo jno azo


6 F A C T S A B O U T W O E K I N G W O M E I T

T A B L E 2—CHART 2 . — D I S T R I B U T I O N O F W O R K E R S , B Y SEX,

Occu^tiona! e/M^

M occupations

/igrlcu/ture

Monufacrurii^

T/'anspomthn

Trade

Professimof

Domestic

C/<6rica/

• •• 1 t iVomerr Per Men Per Ttta/ •• cent cenf-3S./6ZJ36 S.07S,772 2LZ 30,09/.S6^ 764

G.S49JS// Z0.5 33.0^737 795

fzfisapaz oeozso! 'fo,esi.so/ es.7 /ass^/sa

\

/.OB'^./sa 9.9 9l36S,030 90J

/Q6Ze.73/ /,02aS70 /7./ 6Z3

/2,6/e^Z^ /SJ fO,QQd.ie3 649

2JB37/920 /06,62S 2.530,795 960

3j:>63.sez 2i3.0S4 7,0 2,eso,sz& 930

3,fin€70 •MfidO J2.9 3J46,5p£ ,67./ 667^792 J5.7 3,575^/67 &43

/j695,36t 73909/ 959,470 5€J

i.O/Bt^se /,/27,39/ SZ!&

3772,559: 67/ /,24/,330 329

64.2 /,2t7.360 35:6

/,737,053 34£ A/43^29 656

3/20,5'^/ 4S6 1.700,425 544 1 U.S.Bureau « the Census. Fourteenth mMu^ • Includes extrsetion of mioersis andpuDlie serv


FACTS ABOUT WORKING WOMEN" 81

I N EACH M A I N O C C U P A T I O N A L D I V I S I O N : 1910 A N D 1920»

/9/0

/920 Population: 1930. v. 4, Occupations, p. 34, tabte 3. 1C6. Not presented graphically because of small number tavglv^i},


8 FACTS ABOUT WORKING WOMEN" 81

T A B L E 3.—DISTRIBUTION OF WOMEN BY M A I N OCCUPATIONAL DIVISIONS: 1910 AND 1920 ^

Occupational division 1910 1920

Occupational division

Number Per cent of total in each division

Number Per cent of total in each division

A l l occnpations

Agriculture, forestry, and animal husbandry . . .—. . . . . . . . . Extraction of minerals

8,076,772 100.0 8,549,511 loao A l l occnpations

Agriculture, forestry, and animal husbandry . . .—. . . . . . . . . Extraction of minerals

1,807,501 1,094

1,820,570 106,625 468,088 13,558

733,891 2,531,221

693,224

22.4 (0 22.5 L3 5.8 .2

9.1 31.3 7.3

1,084,128 2,864

1,930,341 213,054 667,792 21,794

1,016,498 2,186,924 1,426,116

12.7 (0

22:6 2L5 7.8 .3

11.9 25.6 1&7

Manufacturing and mechanical industries Transportation . . . . . . .

1,807,501 1,094

1,820,570 106,625 468,088 13,558

733,891 2,531,221

693,224

22.4 (0 22.5 L3 5.8 .2

9.1 31.3 7.3

1,084,128 2,864

1,930,341 213,054 667,792 21,794

1,016,498 2,186,924 1,426,116

12.7 (0

22:6 2L5 7.8 .3

11.9 25.6 1&7

Trade

1,807,501 1,094

1,820,570 106,625 468,088 13,558

733,891 2,531,221

693,224

22.4 (0 22.5 L3 5.8 .2

9.1 31.3 7.3

1,084,128 2,864

1,930,341 213,054 667,792 21,794

1,016,498 2,186,924 1,426,116

12.7 (0

22:6 2L5 7.8 .3

11.9 25.6 1&7

Public service (not elsewhere classified) Professional service . . . . . . . . . . . Domestic and personal service Clerical occupat ions. . . . . . . . . . . . . .

1,807,501 1,094

1,820,570 106,625 468,088 13,558

733,891 2,531,221

693,224

22.4 (0 22.5 L3 5.8 .2

9.1 31.3 7.3

1,084,128 2,864

1,930,341 213,054 667,792 21,794

1,016,498 2,186,924 1,426,116

12.7 (0

22:6 2L5 7.8 .3

11.9 25.6 1&7

1,807,501 1,094

1,820,570 106,625 468,088 13,558

733,891 2,531,221

693,224

22.4 (0 22.5 L3 5.8 .2

9.1 31.3 7.3

1,084,128 2,864

1,930,341 213,054 667,792 21,794

1,016,498 2,186,924 1,426,116

12.7 (0

22:6 2L5 7.8 .3

11.9 25.6 1&7

Females 10 years of age and over

1U, S. Bureau of the Census. Fourteenth census. Population: 1920. v, 4, Occupations, p. 34, table 2. * Less than one-tenth of 1 per cent.


PACTS ABOUT WOKKING WOMEK 9 CHART 3.—DISTRIBUTION OF WOMEN BY M A I N OCCUPATIONAL

DIVISIONS: 1910 AND 1920

Pen /oo-

35f

tS'

to-

J5

6

• f9W /9&0

313

/R7

78

Ai

7

a

A^iouh lianufoC' Thns-^ Trach Profes- Domes- C/er/ca/ rurc turing porfat/an siona/ tic.


10 FACTS ABOUT WORKING WOMEN" 81

T J I B L E 4 — P K O P O R T I O N O F W O M E N I N E A C H S T A T E G A I N F U L L Y O C C U P I E D : 1 9 2 0 »

State


Total number

Engaged in gainful occupations

Number Per cent

Alabama Arizona Arkansas California— Colorado Connecticut. Delaware Florida Georgia Idaho Illinois Indiana Iowa

Kentucky Ijouisiana Maine Mtiryland Massachusetts... Michigan Minnesota Mississippi Missouri Montana Nebraska Nevada New Hampshire.. New Jersey. New Mexico New York North CaroUna— North Dakota-— Ohio Oklahoma-Oregon-. Ptonnsylvanla. Rhode Island South Carol ina... 8outh Dakota Tennessee l^Bias Utah Vermont Virginia Washington West Virginia Wisconsin Wyoming—.-

869,077 223,868 25w8 111,810 18,386 16.4 634,033 115,810 18-2

1,339,057 286,647 21.4 351,853 62,587 17.8 540,073 146,352 27.1 87,128 18,102 20.8

365,637 85,262 23.3 1,050,976 288,745 26.7

146,103 17,609 12.0 2,537,438 .640,938 a. 3 1,157,492 185,385 16.0

932,795 141,321 15.2 676,228 92,510 13.7 904,259 131,493 14.5 681,106 152,726 22.4 306,658 64,845 21.1 £76,020 137,221 23.8

1,591,865 503,155 31.6 1,358,977 245,383 18.1

890,255 164,066 18.4 670,099 194,964 29.1

1,352,024 244,615 18.1 185,857 23,278 15.2 484,262 71,789 14.8 24,500 4,334 17.7

180,644 49,302 27.3 1,237,914 295,990 23.9

123,769 14,041 121 4,215,068 1,135,295 26.9

926,790 202,697 2L9 218,221 28,328 13.0

2,242,416 409,970 1&3 716,198 94,594 ia2 295,928 64,492 18.4

3,321,983 686,232 20.7 246,672 80,662 32.7 615,092 205,656 33.4 223,612 29,686 13.3 884,810 152,108 17.2

1,708,209 303,843 17.8 159,235 21,783 13.7 139, W7 26,899 19.2 862,375 156,210 IB.1 496,641 92,900 18.7 612,778 67,439 11.2 997,362 182,365 18.3 62,677 9,402 15.0

^ U . S* Bureau of the Oenuss.^ Pourteentb census. Population: 1920. t * 4, Occupations, p. 47, tables*



CHART 4 . — P R O P O K T I O N O F W O M E N I N E A C H S T A T E G A I N F U L L Y O C C U P I E D : 1920

ocnt g. So Coroltna J f] ^MtJahrtd 23tj\ Ma^zachuse/fs Af/ssJs^pjb/ Ncvf^mpshir^ Connecticut' NowVorK Ccorgfcc A/atoma

Afcrj/oftti Florida i.oufs/ixna //aCaro/zna CaZ/for/jia I//mo/s

k) ZO 30 40 €Q €0 yo 60 m J

I>eA2ivars P^tjnsyfvoniQ Vermont i/\fest3/nft0n Orcôr? Mmrfcsotit Ohio W/Sconun Artionso^ Wctf/fon /4/sôvri y/rînia Co/orach Tcjc^s A W o t ? Tenmes^c. Arlzom Imt/cna loyya AJO^tOftQ Wyoming

tte/ffucHy

Ut^h

JO/1

lld\ iZ6\

in\ nt\ I6.i\ h

/ 5 2 i

li H5\

3 3 9 8 5 ^ — 2 5 t 3 Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis


TABLE 5.—PROPORTION OF WOMEN I N SPECIFIED NATIVITY AND RACE GROUPS GAINFULLY OCCUPIED: 1910 AND 19201


1910 1930

Nat iv i ty and race group

Total

Engaged in gain-ful occupations

Total

Kn^ged in gain-ful occupations

number Number Per

cent

number Number Per

cent

A l l fTOBPI 84,652.718 8,076,772 23.4 40,449,346 8,649,511 91,1

Native white—Native parentage 18,147,527 6,998,781 5,623,333 3,6S0,530

102,535 96,176 3,445 6,852

G2

5,098,639 1,722,279 1,222,791 2,013,981

18,082 14,710

17.1 24.6 21.7 54,7 17,6 16.0

21,716,069 8,494,749 6,078,195 4,043,763

116,570 85,379 5,189

25,432 570

3,733,329 2,110,454 1,118,463 1,571,289

15,976 9,848

732 5,289

17,2 Native white—Foreign or mixed parentage. Foreign-bom white Negro

18,147,527 6,998,781 5,623,333 3,6S0,530

102,535 96,176 3,445 6,852

G2

5,098,639 1,722,279 1,222,791 2,013,981

18,082 14,710

17.1 24.6 21.7 54,7 17,6 16.0

21,716,069 8,494,749 6,078,195 4,043,763

116,570 85,379 5,189

25,432 570

3,733,329 2,110,454 1,118,463 1,571,289

15,976 9,848

732 5,289

24.8 1&4 3&9

Indian, Chinese, Japanese, and all other... Indian

18,147,527 6,998,781 5,623,333 3,6S0,530

102,535 96,176 3,445 6,852

G2

5,098,639 1,722,279 1,222,791 2,013,981

18,082 14,710

17.1 24.6 21.7 54,7 17,6 16.0

21,716,069 8,494,749 6,078,195 4,043,763

116,570 85,379 5,189

25,432 570

3,733,329 2,110,454 1,118,463 1,571,289

15,976 9,848

732 5,289

13.7 11.5

Chinese

18,147,527 6,998,781 5,623,333 3,6S0,530

102,535 96,176 3,445 6,852

G2

5,098,639 1,722,279 1,222,791 2,013,981

18,082 14,710

17.1 24.6 21.7 54,7 17,6 16.0

21,716,069 8,494,749 6,078,195 4,043,763

116,570 85,379 5,189

25,432 570

3,733,329 2,110,454 1,118,463 1,571,289

15,976 9,848

732 5,289

14.1 J a p a n e s e . . . . . . . . . .

18,147,527 6,998,781 5,623,333 3,6S0,530

102,535 96,176 3,445 6,852

G2

»3,351 32.5

21,716,069 8,494,749 6,078,195 4,043,763

116,570 85,379 5,189

25,432 570

3,733,329 2,110,454 1,118,463 1,571,289

15,976 9,848

732 5,289 20.8

A l l other

18,147,527 6,998,781 5,623,333 3,6S0,530

102,535 96,176 3,445 6,852

G2 21 C)

21,716,069 8,494,749 6,078,195 4,043,763

116,570 85,379 5,189

25,432 570 107 18.8

18,147,527 6,998,781 5,623,333 3,6S0,530

102,535 96,176 3,445 6,852

G2 21 C)

21,716,069 8,494,749 6,078,195 4,043,763

116,570 85,379 5,189

25,432 570 107

»U. S. Bureau of the Census. Fourteenth census* Population: 1920. v. 4, Occupations, p. 340, table Z * Separate occupation figures for Chinese and Japanese are not available for 1910. » Per cent not shown, base being less than 100.


FACTS ABOUT W O B K I N A WOMEN' IS CHART 6.—PROPORTION OF WOMEN I N SPECIFIED NATIVITY AND

RACE GROUPS GAINFULLY OCCUPIED: 1910 AND 1920

Per cenf

56

40

>30

ZO

to

t n mo

n.iJZL

Z4-6 &1-6

nzo

U7

1 1 1

I '

l i I

16.4-

339

i

/ 7 6

1 s i I I I I f


14: FACTS ABOUT WOEKIKG W O M E N

TABLE 6 .—NATIV ITY A N D RACE OF W O R K I N G WOMEN: 1910 AND 19201

Nativity and racc group

Females 10 years of age and over engaged in gainful occupations

igio 1920

Total number

Per cent of total in cach group

Total number

Per ccnt of total in each group

8,076,772 100.0 8,549,511 100.0

3,098,639 1,722,279 1,222,791 2,013,981

18,082

38.4 21.3 15.1 21.9

.2

3,733,329 2,110,454 1,118,463 1,571,289

16,976

43.7 217 13.1 18.4

.2

TotaL.

Native ivhito—Native parentage Native white—Foicign or miicd parentage . Foreign-born white Negro., Indian, Chinese, Japanese, and all other.,

1U. s. Bureau of the Census. Fourteenth census. Population: 1920. v. 4, Occupations, p. 33&-34Q, tables 1-2.


TACTS ABOTJT WOEJKING WOMEK 15 ^Chart 6,—NATIVITY AND RACE OF WORKING WOMEN: 1910

AND 1920


TABLE 7.—DISTRIBUTION OF WORiaNG WOMEN I N SPECIFIED NATIVITY AND RACE GROUPS, BY MAIN OCCUPA-TIONAL DIVISIONS: 1910 AND 1920i a>


A l l groups j Native w l i i t o -Natlvo parontago

Native w i i i t e -Foreign or ml icd

pareotago Foreign-bom white Negro

Indian, Chinese, Japanese,

and al l other Occupational division

1910 1020 1910 1920 1910 1920 1910 loao 1910 1920 1910 1920

N U M B E R

A l l occupatioiii.. 8,075,772 8,549,611 3,098,630 3,733,339 I,7a2,a79 2,110,454 l ,»a ,79 I 1,118,463 2,015,981 1,671,289 IS, 082 15,976 8,075,772 8,549,611 3,098,630 3,733,339 I,7a2,a79 2,110,454 l ,»a ,79 I 1,118,463 2,015,981 1,671,289 IS, 082 15,976

Agrlcolture, forestry, and animal husbandry Extraction of minerals

1,807,601 1,094

1,084,128 2,864

621,781 398

377,276 1,158

71,382 211

-60,076 658

1,051,137 81

612,261 337

6,232 10

4,854 15

1,820.570 1,030,341 708,461 772,297 612,396 631,316 425,173 414,552 67,937 104,983 6.003 4,193 Transportation l«Vfl25 213, OM 62,706 127,078 36,953 71,430 5,614 10,938 1,286 3,525 36 83 Trade 468,088 667,792 216,913 352,388 171, m 213,976 72,355 89,649 7,027 11,158 263 621 Public service (not elsewhere daaslfled) 13,558 21,791 9,577 14,910 2,802 4,862 811 1,QI0 349 966 19 16 Professional service 733,891- 1,016,498 460,027 655,344 m, 542 250,920 68,205 70,657 29.645 39,127 472 650 Domestic and personal service 2,631,221 2,186,924 712,714 650.655 398.726 310,311 661,076 399,961 853,387 790,631 6,318 6,336 Clerical occupations 693,224 1,420,110 306,059 782,223 212,717 643,976 41,187 91,309 3,132 8,301 129 308

PER C E N T

AU occupttioiii

Agriculture, forestry, and animal huaban'lry-. Extraction of minerals Manufacturing and mcchanlcal industries Transportation Trado Public service (not elsewhere classified) Professional service.. — Domestic and personal service Clerical occupations

100.0 22.4

.2 9.1

31.3 7.3

100.0

12.7

2.5 7.8 .3

11.0 25.6 lfl.7

100.0 20.1

2.0 7.0 .3

14.8 23.0 9.0

100.0

10.1

3.4 9.4 .4

17.6 17.4 2t.0

100.0

4.1

2.1 10.0

.2 10.8 23.2 14.1

100.0 2.4

3.4 10.1

.2 11.9 10.1 25.8

100.0

«3 4.7

l is .6 6.9 .1 4.8

45.9 3.4

100.0

3.6 .1 37.1 1.0 8.0 a 0.3

35.8 8.2

100.0

6Z2

42.4 .2

100.0 39.0

< \7 .2 .7 .1

.5

100.0

28.9 .1 30.6

.2 1.5 .1

.7

100.0 30.4

.1 26.2

.6 3.9 . 1

3.4

1.0

» U . S. Bureau of the Census. Fourteenth consua. Population: 1920. v. 4, Occupations, p. 340, tables 3 and 4. > Lieaa tban one-tenth ol l per cent.



CHART 7-A.—DISTRIBUTION OF WORKING WOMEN I N SPECIFIED NATIVITY AND RACE GROUPS, BY M A I N OCCUPATIONAL DIVI -SIONS: 1910 AND 1920

Aic7/ /Ve white - /yatf^ê parentage

Per cent too

im mo

to

to-

tZ9

ZOJ

10,1

E07

/76

no

Aqfi rut ^ncuh ManufaoTrartS' Trade Profes- Domz^- Clzrical ûrz turmg fiorfafion îono! tic



CHART 7-B.—DISTRIBUTION OF WORKING WOMEN IN SPECIFIED N A T I V I T Y AND RACE GROUPS, BY M A I N OCCUPATIONAL DIVI-SIONS: 1910 AND 1920

fiafiye white - Fore/^n or mii^ed parohfagc

Per cont /OQx

da

zo

/o

3S.6

[Ik

30.f

1=] • ivo mo

m

/ C l ^

'Ml

r l

f6J

HL

Agncu/'/iQnufijc-TrprjS' Trade, Prcfes--Domos-Ckrkal tur^ faring ftorfafion s/onaJ tie



CHAKT 7 - C . — D I S T R I B U T I O N OF W O R K I N G W O M E N I N S P E C I F I E D N A T I V I T Y A N D R A C E GROUPS, B Y M A I N O C C U P A T I O N A L D I V I -SIONS: 1910 A N D 1920

Per cent 100 \

Foreign'horn wh/te,

C=3 mo

40

ZQ

10

4S.9

^ 7 /

7Cc//-» MonufQC' Trado Pfpfzs^ JDp/nc,a~ Cizrhal fare. taring ^tono/ tio

33985®—25t 4



C h a r t 7-D .—DISTRIBUTION OF WORKING WOMEN I N SPECIFIED N A T I V I T Y A N D RACE GROUPS, BY M A I N OCCUPATIONAL DIVI-SIONS: 1910 AND 1920

iOO\

50'

40

zo

w

Hzgro

• mo

SijL

no

mo

so,^

€7

Ayiculturti Monufaoiurmg Dornz'^tio



CHART 7-E.—DISTRIBUTION OF WORKING WOMEN I N SPECIFIED NATIVITY AND RACE GROUPS, BY M A I N OCCUPATIONAL DIVI -SIONS: 1910 AND 1920

Indtott^ Ch/msc, ijQpQne.se,, and all oiher P^R CC/T/ iQO\

40

ao

ZO

iO

t = 3

304 £5.9

mo

Agriculture Morxjfacturing Professional Domeatic


TABLE 8—CHART 8.—NATIVITY AND RACE OF WOMEN I N EACH MAIN OCCUPATIONAL DIVISION; 1910 AND 1920 i

divhion Naf'mwhth

fiarento^c

Naftvewhtfz, Foreign or frtix^pcttti ag^

foreign " bor/s whJfc

fizgro- Ihdian,

other Humher Per

rcht Number per ceM Number Per Per

gcff/ Number Per cent

364 fjtip^ ZU UtZTSl /S/ tap6l at

^3.7 14.7 /JJ /,S7{269 M - f O.Z

%m J.9 . ^ ^ JLZ f,0S/J37 5<3tZ S^dSl as sojm 3.7 4fi54 a4'

IV Ut HZ et to i

0.9 < 40A sse i$s 796 17M 337 aa SS as

36.9 415/73 3.7

>

a 4

4C.0 6 H i / 6 MS S.4 '4m a x

62p0i saA S3 f^Bf. AZ JC ( / )

iZi^CTi S9i€ SJ 3.SZ& / 7 ( / )

iSfOi

/SZ&

Agriculture, / 9 / O L

moL

/3Z01

/ 9 / O L

/9ZOL

TrmsporfaUoh / 9 / O L

m i : m

w / / / / / / M m m m ^ mssssssi

mssmsmammm

v / / / / / / / / / / / / m m v / / / / / / / / / / / / ^ ^

fcO t o

i H 03 g

§

i 1-4

Q

I w fe;


msjo fSS 7pt7 AS SLB JJt.0 //JS6 / 7 a/

PJS7J 7a6 tfiot mr 6tt ec w Z6 07

M^ifo eak sea ZZJ /,04C 4A 07

Hdsfiil 627 SB^m 7.9 40 a/

zsqno MJ 7qSS7 6.9 - J.d c./

7/A7/f ztx /se SS/^<r76 zz:2 BS3,}67 JJ.7 sjta eso^ssi 19.B mn WM /AJ SJ3H

516 mjrn 4a9 ^jej tf.9 4/3Z fta r / *

SU se,si7s 3i.i 6.4 JO/ a6 006 f /^

Professional /Biol

Trod^ moZ i^jsoL

Fubilo ,5cwcc /9/oL

IBZ^

Qomcsfic

OcfiCQl

imV J9ZO\L

moL JBZQL

M M !

v////////y V / / / / / / / / / A

i i

y / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / ^ Y / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / m m .

C than one-fenih of / yocr cwt

-^Native, white.-Nativc .pamitagc

X^D/ofive white-Foreign or mixed parentage

f^^Foreign-born vfhiis.

p=j Negro

Chinese, Japanese,and c// other

§

g §

CI ^ Q

I V , B, Bureau of iho census. Fourteeuth census. Population: 1020. v, 4, Occupations, p. 341» table 4. fcO CO



TABLE 9.—PROPORTION OF WOMEN I N EACH AGE GROUP GAIN-FULLY OCCUPIED: 19201

Females 10 yeara of age and over

Age group Total num-

ber

Engaged in g cupatii

ainfuloe-3ns Total num-

ber Number Percent

10 year* and oTer. 40,449,546 8,649,511 21.1

Under 16 years 6,207,597 3,820,998 4,749,976

15^249,602 7,915,205 2,450,144

55,824

346,610 1,411,427 1,809,075 3,417,373 1,352,479

196,900 15,647

5.6 16 to 19 years

6,207,597 3,820,998 4,749,976

15^249,602 7,915,205 2,450,144

55,824

346,610 1,411,427 1,809,075 3,417,373 1,352,479

196,900 15,647

3&9 20 to 24 years

6,207,597 3,820,998 4,749,976

15^249,602 7,915,205 2,450,144

55,824

346,610 1,411,427 1,809,075 3,417,373 1,352,479

196,900 15,647

3SL1 25to44yeats ........ . . . . . . . . . . . . .

6,207,597 3,820,998 4,749,976

15^249,602 7,915,205 2,450,144

55,824

346,610 1,411,427 1,809,075 3,417,373 1,352,479

196,900 15,647

22.4 45 to 64 years

6,207,597 3,820,998 4,749,976

15^249,602 7,915,205 2,450,144

55,824

346,610 1,411,427 1,809,075 3,417,373 1,352,479

196,900 15,647

17.1 65 years and over. * .

6,207,597 3,820,998 4,749,976

15^249,602 7,915,205 2,450,144

55,824

346,610 1,411,427 1,809,075 3,417,373 1,352,479

196,900 15,647

8.0 Age unknown

6,207,597 3,820,998 4,749,976

15^249,602 7,915,205 2,450,144

55,824

346,610 1,411,427 1,809,075 3,417,373 1,352,479

196,900 15,647 2&.Q

6,207,597 3,820,998 4,749,976

15^249,602 7,915,205 2,450,144

55,824

346,610 1,411,427 1,809,075 3,417,373 1,352,479

196,900 15,647

1 rr. S. Bureau of the Census. Fourteenth census. Populfttion: 1920. v. A, Occupations, p. 376, table 2.



CHART 9.—PROPORTION OF WOMEN I N EACH AGE GROUP GAIN-FULLY OCCUPIED: 1920

Per czrrt iOOr

30-

ao

to

35./

a o

( / / 7 c t e r / 6 leioN aotoZ4- l5fo4^ 45fo6^ eSyears years years *y^rs years year3 ana over



T A B L E 10.—AGE OF W O R K I N G W O M E N A N D M E N : 19201

Women Men Ago group Ago group

Number Per cent Number Per ccnt

10 yeara and oTer. 8,549,511 100.0 33,064,737 100.0

Under 16 years 346,610 4.1 714,248 2.2 I6 to 19 years 1,411,427 l a s 2; 547,424 7.7 20 to 24 years 1,809,075 21.2 4,121,392 12.5 25 to 44 years 3,417,373 4ao 15,579,586 47.1 45 to 64 years 1,352,479 1&8 8,552,175 25.9 65 years and over 196,900 2l3 1,492,837 4.5 Ago unknown 15,617 .2 57,075 .2

1 U. 8. Bureau of tho Census. Fourteenth ccnsus. Population: 1920. v. 4, Occupatioifi, p. 375, tables 1-2.



CHART 10.—AGE OF WORKING WOMEN AND MEN: 1920

Per c^nt IQQ'

SO

40 '

10

iO

Women CI3 Men

j l z L

je.5

U i

47J

40.0

ZLZ

\IZ.5

t

30.4

/aj

Under 16 J6tol9 20 to 14- ZSfo44 years years years years years ana over

33985®—25t 5 Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis

T A B L E 11.—AGE OF WOMEN I N EACH MAIN OCCUPATIONAL DIVISION: 1920» to 00

Age group

Agricul-ture,

forestry, and ani-mal hus-bandry

Extrac-tion of

minerals

Manufac-turing and mechan-ical in-dustries

Transpor-tation Trade

Public scrvlco

(not elsewhere olassifled)

Profes-sional service

Domestic and

personal servicc

Clerical occupa-

tions

N U M B E R

Under 16 years 16 to 19 years -

25 to 44 years 45 to 64 years 65 years and over -Age unknown

1*084,198 9,8M 813,054 I 667,792 1 fil,TM 1,016,498 2,188,924 1,426,118

Under 16 years 16 to 19 years -

25 to 44 years 45 to 64 years 65 years and over -Age unknown

188,071 1S2.921 130,790 337,087 219,802 54,356 1,098

146 603 610

1,125 405 66 9

81,002 435,038 382,765 730,250 271,017 26,986 2,653

3,295 67,362 70,702 63,266 7.660

547 222

14,134 122,786 138,915 291,658 91,725 7,408 1,166

45 641

2,929 12,096 6,654

471 68

1,486 80.899

294,827 490,804 130,600 10,976 2,916

37,924 206,877 302,220 972,489 668,448 93,135 6,825

20,507 343,697 481,411 618,508 57,338 2,955 1,700

P E n C E N T

10years and oTer... —

Under 16 years.. 16 to 19 years 20 to 24 years 25to 44 years 45 to 64 years.,: 65 years and over Age unknown

100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 I 100.0 100.0 100.0 10years and oTer... —

Under 16 years.. 16 to 19 years 20 to 24 years 25to 44 years 45 to 64 years.,: 65 years and over Age unknown

17.3 14.1 12.1 31.1 20.3 5.0 .1

fi.1 21.0 17.8 39.3 14.1 2.3 .3

4.2 22.6 19.8 37.8 H.0 1.4 .1

1.5 31.6 33.2 29.7 3.6 .3 .1

Z 1 18.4 20.8 43.7 13.7 1.1 .2

0,2 %9

13.4 65.6 25.6 2.2 .3

0. 1 8.0

29.4 48.3 12.8 1.1 .3

1.7 9.4

13,8 44.6 26.0 4.3 .3

1.4 24.1 33.8 36.4 4.0 .3 • I

> U. S. Bureau of the Census. Fourteenth census. Population: 1930. y, 4, Occupations, p. 376, table 3.

2 a S > w o CJ

^

0 w

5 CI

1 m


CHART 11.—AGE OF W O M E N I N E A C H M A I N O C C U P A T I O N A L D I V I S I O N : 1920

Percent /oot

so

30

20

to

m

/fey O Under ts years m /etoJS jears Ea zotoz^years ES zsto^years

-MS

Ayicu/turc Manufacturing Tran^rtatton Trade Profezsfonat Domestic Cter/cat


TABLE 12.—DISTRIBUTION OF WORKING WOMEN I N EACH AGE GROUP BY MAIN OCCUPATIONAL DIVISIONS: 1920» 05 O

Age group A l l groups

Agricul-ture,

forestry, and animal industry

Eitraction of minerals

Manufac-turing and mcchanical Industries

Transpor-tation Trade

Public scrvlco

(not else-where clas-

sincd)

Professional service

Domestic and

personal service

Clerical occupa-

tions

N U M B E U

10 yeari and orer

Under 16 years 16 to 19 years 20 to 24 years 25 to 44 years -45 to 64 years 65 years and over Ago unknown

8.549,511 1.034.128 2,864 1,090,341 913,054 667,782 91,7»4 1,010,498 2,188,924 1,428,118 5 10 yeari and orer

Under 16 years 16 to 19 years 20 to 24 years 25 to 44 years -45 to 64 years 65 years and over Ago unknown

346,610 1,411.427 1,809.075 3.417,373 1,352.479

106,000 15,&17

18S.071 152,02 ( 130,790 337,087 219,802 64,356 1,098

146 603 610

M25 40.'i 66 9

81,002 435,638 382,76.5 730,250 271.017 26,986 2,653

3,293 67.362 70.702 63,206 7.660

617 222

14,131 122,786 138,915 29I,6.'>8 91,725 7,408 1,166

45 611

2.929 12.096 5.654

471 58

1,486 8a 899

298,827 490.894 130.500 10.976 2,916

37,924 206,877 302,226 972,489 568,448 93,135 6.825

20.507 2 343.697 Cft 431,411 618,508 > 67,338 S 2.955 g 1,700 g

PE l l CENT ^

10 year* and orer

Under 16 years 16 to 19 years 20 to 24 years 25 to 44 years 45 to 64 years 65 years and over Age unknown

100.0 12.7 <») 92. e 9.5 7.8 0.3 11.9 25.6 18.7 S 10 year* and orer

Under 16 years 16 to 19 years 20 to 24 years 25 to 44 years 45 to 64 years 65 years and over Age unknown

100,0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

54.3 10.8 7.2 9.9

16.3 27.6 7.0

(>) («)

0.1

23.4 30.9 21.2 21.4 20.0 13.7 17.0

1.0 4.8 3.9 1.9 .6 .3

1.4

4.1 8.7 7.7 8.5 6.8 3.8 7.6

(') .2 .4 .4

.4

a4 5.7

16.5 H.4 9.6 5.6

18.6

10.9 14.7 16.7 28.5 42.0 47.3 37.2

5.9 o 24.4 26.6 tf 15.2 § 4.2 g

i a 9 w

1 U. S. Bureau of the Census, Pourteectb census. Topulatioa: 1920. v. Occupations, p. 37(V-377f tables 3-4. * Less than one-tenth of 1 per ceut.



CHART 12.—DISTRIBUTION OF WORKING WOMEN I N EACH AGE GROUP BY M A I N OCCUPATIONAL DIVISIONS: 1920

4Sto 64

22 Monufoeh^ 3/J Ti-on^pvfthtn 33 Tnxim 77 fYvfksiionat t6S £>ommjttc /6J OvM 26S

Man^^oefurtty 2/.4 Thinjpoifaffon /3 Troef &5 firof€S3hnof MA DoftfJtie 2AS Oarcaf iSZ

M^tuAicturiny ZCuO Trma* Prof99ihnpt 316 Dogmatic 4ZJO Cfrieof 42

ZZ6 ManufiKfurin^ /3J TraOt M /ye^jahnaf SJ6 Oomm^ m a«ricat /J

Ptcfa^hnof fKt fnc/udeet because cf smaff im^vvd. Tfonsporh^ not irKAM bmi^ mff p^mrit^ intend.


TABLE 13.—PROPORTION OF WOMEN I N SPECIFIED NATIVITY AND RACE GROUPS GAINFULLY OCCUPIED, BY AGE GROUPS: 1920»

CO to

Age group

Native white—Native parentage Native white—Foreign or mlied parentage Foreign-bora white Negro

Age group Total

nambor

Engaged In gainful occupations Total

number


number

Engaged tn gainful occupations Total

number

Engaged in gainful occupations

Age group Total

nambor Number Per cent Number Perccnt

Total number

Number Per cent

Total number

Number Per cent

10 ye t r t »nd orer

Under 18 years to 19 years

20 to 24 years 25 to 44 years 45 to 64 ywars 05 year? and over

91,710,069 3,733,329 17.9 0,494,749 9,110,454 94.8 6,078,195 1,118,463 18.4 4,043,763 1,571,289 33.9 10 ye t r t »nd orer

Under 18 years to 19 years

20 to 24 years 25 to 44 years 45 to 64 ywars 05 year? and over

3,746,11® 2,241,771 2,629,880 7,807,162 ^884,369 1,373,349

33,410

136,032 642,614 855,946

1,439,349 558,203 93,033 7,353

3.7 2&7 3Z5 18.4 K 4 6.8

22.0

1,501,064 881,660

1,067,020 3,15^386 1.623,864

^ 202,350 5,396

67,650 452,396 521,017 774,177 271,734 21,686 1,794

4.5 51.3 48.8 24.6 16.7 8.3

33.2

205,829 227,053 469,856

2,720,964 1,799,118

648,843 6,532

1^766 129,166 177,030 506,267 25a 084 38,453 1,697

7.7 56.9 37.7 18.6 13.9 5.9

26.0

731,682 458,780 507,678

1,525,792 591,006 158,832

9,993

125,354 185,787 252,417 689,933 269,955 43,096 4,747

17.1 4a 5 44.5 45.2 45.7 27.1 47.5

a H 03

I d H §

M 25 O ^ O

I U . S. Bureau of the Census. Foortocath ceasu5. Population: 1930. v . 4, Occupatfom, p. 377, table


CHART 13.—PROPORTION OF W O M E N I N S P E C I F I E D N A T I V I T Y A N D R A C E GROUPS G A I N F U L L Y OCCUPIED, B Y A G E GROUPS: 1920 '

P^r cznt

60

40

JO •

ao

to

m

WkNativz whitB^ ^rorzkn-borrt white. Native, parentoge^

for^grt ormix^ fiar^ntagZ'

45Z 4S7

/67

6S\ A6

Urtcfer/6ycarts iBfx>i9yzQrs ZOtoZ^ytar^ ZStoi-i-yzats i-SfoG^-ycar^ GSyzar^ and over



T A B L E 14,—PROPORTION OF WORKING WOMEN I N EACH MARITAL CLASS: 1890-1920 >

Census year and marital condition Total

number


number Number Percent

1890 Afgrejt ie 19,602,178 3,712,144 18.9 19,602,178 3,712,144 18.9

Married 11,124,785 8,4n,393

24,249,191

515,260 3,196,884

4,997,415

16 Single, widowed, divorced, and unknown

11,124,785 8,4n,393

24,249,191

515,260 3,196,884

4,997,415

37.7 1900

A j f re fUe- -

11,124,785 8,4n,393

24,249,191

515,260 3,196,884

4,997,415 20.8

11,124,785 8,4n,393

24,249,191

515,260 3,196,884

4,997,415

Married 13,810,057 10,439,134

769,477 4,227,938

5l6 Single, widowed, divorced, and unknown

13,810,057 10,439,134

769,477 4,227,938 4a5

1910 Aggreftte

13,810,057 10,439,134

769,477 4,227,938

1910 Aggreftte 90,047,325 7,639,828 25.4 90,047,325 7,639,828

Married 17,684,687 12,362,638

1,890,661 6,749,167

ia7 Single, widowed, divorccd, and unknown

17,684,687 12,362,638

1,890,661 6,749,167 46.5

1920

17,684,687 12,362,638

1,890,661 6,749,167

1920 35, i n , 615 8,346,796 217

Married 21,318,933 13,868,582

1,920,281 6,426,515

9.0 Single, widowed, divorced, and unknown

21,318,933 13,868,582

1,920,281 6,426,515 4&4

Women 15 years of age and over

»U. 8. Bureau of the Census. Fourteenth census. Population: 1920. v. 4, Occupations, p. 692, table 1.


FACTS ABOUX WOBKING WOMEN^ 35 CHAET 14.—PROPORTION OF WORKING WOMEN I N EACH MARITAL

CLASS: 1890-1920

Per cejit /a?-

xSO-'

10-

io..

s3Z7

mi 90

Jdso /BOO is/0 mo Married

mo /900 /9ia jszo ^ingh, w/dovsfed, dlvorced^anct un Known


TABLE 15—CHART 15.—MARITAL CONDITION OF WORKING WOMEN: 1890-19201 CO Oi

disfr/hution ^g^reyaf^ foo.o

J w j s f e , mchkyeot, <ffyon:ccC,andun/p7orm a e /

Wome/f /S ycar^ 0^09® ancfovtr zngogedin qatnM occupations Pcrc^roê.

o /o zo 30 40 so eo 70 60 Bojoo /Vumt^ Per conf

/aso

Agqreoa^^ Married^

^,S97A/S /oao

S^fe^^ nwbmsat dJyorced^ctndw^Cnom 'iizzzssa

A^re^fe îfJSaza 100.0 MarrM /,63Qi€ef

s,74s^t£7 7SJ

Afarriad ZXO ^/nff/e's *v/dotyfid, divorced, ondun^mm G,4ZG^Si5 77.0

/BOO

/B/0

/92L0

I S

M lEB

E B S I

t IT. 8. Bureau of tho Oensns. ôurteoBtb oensas. Population: 1020. v. Ocscupattons, p. 693. table 2. Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis


TABLE 16.—DISTRIBUTION OF WORKING WOMEN I N EACH MARI-TAL CLASS BY MAIN OCCUPATIONAL DIVISIONS: 1910 AND 1920»


Women 15 years of age and over engaged in gainful occupations

1910

Married

Number Per cent

Single, widowed, divorced, and

unknown

Number Per cent

1920

Married

Number Per cent

Single, widowed, divorced, and

unknown

Number Per cent

AUoccnpadons

.Agriculture, forestry, and animal husbandry

Extraction of minerals Manufacturing and mechanical

industries Transportation Trade Public service (not elsewhere

classified) Professional service Domestic and personal service Clerical occupations

1,880,661 100.0 5,749,167 100.0 1,920,281 100.0 6,426,515 100.0

692,745 371

330,914 8,602

83,0S9

4,377 76,287

662,199 33,077

36.6 O

17.5 .6

4.4

4.0 35.0

1.7

780,616

1,445,003 97,432

381,084

9,178 657,055

1,822,078 556,132

13.6 O

25.1 1.7 6.6

11.4 31.7 9.7

371.637 1,278

466,663 26,480

156,490

7,642 123,678 637,675 129,038

19.3 .1

24.3 1.4 a i

.4 6.4

33.2 6.7

663,425 1,503

1,437,469 185,902 507,449

14,226 892,326

1,631,775 1,292,440

8.8 (»)

22.4 2.9 7.9

.2 13.9 23.8 2ai

1 U.S.Bureau of the Census. Fourteenth census. Population: 1920. v . 4, Occupations, p. 693, table 4. »Less than one-tenth of i per cent.


3 8 FACTS ABOUT WOEKING WOMEIT

CHART 16 .—DISTRIBUTION OF W O R K I N G W O M E N I N EACH MARI

AfarrJed

Per /O 20 30 SO certt

Ayhu/ture

Manufaduring

TTvcfe

P/r/kssJond

Domestic

Cferia^

/9J0 36.6

/9Z0 /9.3

/9/0 n.s

/920

/9/0

/9Z0 B,i

/9/0

/920 6!f

/9/0 Jf.O

/9Z0 332

iStO 17 f920 6,7

1


TACTS ABOUT WOBKING WOMEN" 89

TAL CLASS, B Y M A I N O C C U P A T I O N A L D I V I S I O N S : 1910 A N D 1920



TABLE 17.—MARITAL CONDITION OF WOMEN I N EACH MAIN OCCU-PATIONAL DIVISION: 1910 AND 1920»


Women 15 years of ago and over engaged i n gainful occupations

1910

Total number

Marr ied

Num-ber

Per cent

Single, wid-owed, di-

vorced, and unknown

Num-ber

Per cent

1920

Total number

Married

Num-ber

Per cent

Single, wid-owed, di-

vorced, and unknown

Num-ber

Per cent

A l l occupations.. 1,890,661 S17 5,749,167 76.5 8,546,796 1,920,281 23.06,426,515

Agriculture, forestry, and animal husbandry

Extraction of minerals Manufacturing and me-

chanical industries Transportation Trade publ ic service (not else-

where classified) Professional service Domestic and personal

service 1 Clerical occupations

1,473,261 1,000

1,775,917 106,034 464,173

13,655 733,342

2,483,277 539,200

692,745 371

330,914 8,602

4,3n 76,237

661,109 33,077

47.0 35.0

1&6 &1

17.9

32.3 ia4

20.6 5.6

780,516

1,445,003 97,432

381,034

9,178 657,055

1,822,078 656,132

53.0 C5.0

81.4 9L9 82.1

67.7 89.6

73.4 94.4

934,962 2,781

1,904,132 212,382 663,939

21,768 1,015,904

2,169,450 1,421,478

371,537 1,278

406,663 26,480

156,490

7,542 123,578

637,675 129,038

39.7 4a 0

24.5 12.5 216

34.6 1Z2

29.4 9.1

77.0

563,425 1,503

1,437,469 185,902 607,44^

14,226

1,631,775 1,292,440

6a3 54.0

75.5 87.5 76.4

65.4 87.8

7a6 9a9

»U.S. Bureau of the Census. Fourteenth census. Population: 1920. v . 4» Occupations, p. 693, table 3.



CHART 17.—MARITAL CONDITION OF WOMEN I N EACH MAIN OCCUPATIONAL DIVISION: 1910 AND 1920

HI Married I—\3fngf^, m'dow^cf, cf/Vorcect

and unHnown

Agricutture. !9/0

iBlO

Esa

egg

Extraction of minerals

tlanufactunn^

Tran^sportaJ-ton

Trade

Public Qerv/c<z

J9iO

i9Z0,

/3/0

mo^

/9/0 B T T

[ iBJQ

J9Z0

tBtO

mo

Profes^'onat ^zrv/Co | /9to\

Dom^^tio

C/^r/caf

mo\i

/B/0

/SZO

/S/0

/9Z0\

E g

m

12551

m

m .

m m .

m

m

M

m •

m


TADLB 18.—MARITAL CONDITION OF WORKING WOMEN, BY NATIV^ I T Y AND RACE GROUPS: 1920 ^

lO

Nativity and race group Total

number

Married Single, widowed,

divorced, and unknown

Nativity and race group Total

number

Number Per cent Number Per

wnt

Tcl4L SIO 6,430,516 77.0

Native white—Notlvo parentage Native white—Foreign or miicd parentage... Foreign-born white Negro

SIO 6,430,516 77.0

Native white—Notlvo parentage Native white—Foreign or miicd parentage... Foreign-born white Negro

652, WO 2,088, 431 1,113, 2in 1,470,915

G,m

707,fi03 245,311 29a IM 662,684

3,929 4,728

19.4 11.7 av.6 44.0 42.9 77.5

2,915,460 1,^13,120

817,090 814,231

5,230 1,375

80.0 85.3 73.4 6,M 57.1 22.5

652, WO 2,088, 431 1,113, 2in 1,470,915

G,m

707,fi03 245,311 29a IM 662,684

3,929 4,728

19.4 11.7 av.6 44.0 42.9 77.5

2,915,460 1,^13,120

817,090 814,231

5,230 1,375

80.0 85.3 73.4 6,M 57.1 22.5 Chinese, Japanese, and all other

652, WO 2,088, 431 1,113, 2in 1,470,915

G,m

707,fi03 245,311 29a IM 662,684

3,929 4,728

19.4 11.7 av.6 44.0 42.9 77.5

2,915,460 1,^13,120

817,090 814,231

5,230 1,375

80.0 85.3 73.4 6,M 57.1 22.5

Women IG years of qro and over cDgngcd In fatnful occupations i

A

0 c3

1 s 0

1

> U. S. Bureau ot tho Census. Fourteenth Census. Population: 1920. v. Occupations, p. 605* tabic 6.


CHART 1 8 . — M A R I T A L C O N D I T I O N OF W O R K I N G W O M E N B Y N A T I V I T Y A N D RACE GROUPS: 1920

Pzr cent o /p zo Jp ^p so ep rp so op /oo

Ahtlkic tvMte -/iatUm parentay:

liatlve y^hlte - Foreigt^ or mtACcT pare^nta^^

/brei^'born ^hlte

/fcffro

/ndian

C/7/nes<T,Japar7BSG,and a/t other

v//////////////////////////////^^^^ ^ wmsmmmmsmsmmm Q Z l 4

mmmmmBBBBBBBBmm . B s a ^^mmmwi^^^i^^' y / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / ^ ^ ,

^ msssssssmsmmm

•• AfarrhdL ^ S/n^fQ, mdo^^d, ctfvorcedt^and un/Cnoi^n.


T A B L E C H A R T 19.—PROPORTION OF WOMEN I N EACH MARITAL CLASS GAINFULLY OCCUPIED, BY NATIVITY . AND RACE GROUPS: 1920 »

/ôtiYe ryhife -Mtiye parentooe Married SJn^k, n^/clotvecl, divorced, ana unKnom

ISktive wlitB'Fi^-^ orn^dpormwe Married '

Mdomd. d/ycrced.and unHnown Foreign'bom ¥\rhife

Married Sinê, widomd,diyorced,and uni(hown

Mq/X> iârrJed Single • iy/doned, divorced,and unKnom

hdian Married Single, n/domd, dimxed.andunHnatvn

Chines, Japanese, ana ai/ ether Married Single, widowed.divorced,midun/rnom

liiomen 15 years of age and over Engaged in gai/t" fui ocoupafions

Tofa! Number ^ ^ f ^ S^ Sf 6f 7f SO A^ nutntxu- cent

ilJ95,Q65 7a7,S03 63 l^-^S.-Ha 4QZ

a.69a&70 Z4-5.3II &3 H 3.J2QeS3 / , 6 4 3 . 7 2 0 5 5 . 5 ^

^J23.SOd Z96,/26. 7.2 1,790/fGZ GI7,090 45.6

Z.039,fQ/ 6&Z.684 SZ5 t,S63,S}9 ei4,Z9t SOB

43.323 26,600

2S.SS/ 3.5S2

3.929 69 5.239 /9£

4.72G /as /,375 307

U . B. Bureau of the Census. Tourteenth census. Population: 1920. v . 4» Occupations, p. 694, table C. Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis


TABLE 20.—DISTRIBUTION OF WORKING WOMEN I N EACH MARI-TAL CLASS BY NATIV ITY AND RACE GROUPS: 19201

Women 15 years of age and over engaged in gainful occupations

Nativ i ty and race group Married Single, widowed, di-vorced, and unknown

Nativ i ty and race group

Number Per cent Number Per cent

TotaL 1,920,281 100.0 6,426,615 100.0

Native white—Native parentage Native white—Foreign or mixed parentage Foreign-born white

1,920,281 100.0 6,426,615 100.0

Native white—Native parentage Native white—Foreign or mixed parentage Foreign-born white

707,503 245,311 296,126

- 662,6&1 3,929 4,728

36.8 12.8 15.4 34,6

.2

.2

2,945,460 1,843,120

817,090 814,231

6,239 1,375

45.8 28.7 12.7 1Z7

.1 (0

Negro

707,503 245,311 296,126

- 662,6&1 3,929 4,728

36.8 12.8 15.4 34,6

.2

.2

2,945,460 1,843,120

817,090 814,231

6,239 1,375

45.8 28.7 12.7 1Z7

.1 (0

Indian

707,503 245,311 296,126

- 662,6&1 3,929 4,728

36.8 12.8 15.4 34,6

.2

.2

2,945,460 1,843,120

817,090 814,231

6,239 1,375

45.8 28.7 12.7 1Z7

.1 (0 Chinese, Japanese, and all other

707,503 245,311 296,126

- 662,6&1 3,929 4,728

36.8 12.8 15.4 34,6

.2

.2

2,945,460 1,843,120

817,090 814,231

6,239 1,375

45.8 28.7 12.7 1Z7

.1 (0

»U. S. Bureau of the Census. Fourteenth census. Population: 1930. v. 4, Occupations, p. 695-696, tables 6 and 8.

»Less than one-tenth of 1 per cent.

CHART 20.—DISTRIBUTION OF WORKING WOMEN I N EACH MARI-TAL CLASS, BY NATIV ITY AND RACE GROUPS: 1920

Married

its

Sing/^, w/dowcd^diVarcz^dând unMnowff

267 IZ7 at dl NaHvz. whiti&'/iQtivo parentage. XSZiNaftve^ whitc-For&gn or mixedparcntaê^

Farîgn-borrt whJfz.

Hi Xrfd/on, Chmese^ and a//


46 I 'ACTS ABOUT WORKING WOJIEN-

TABLE MARITAL CONDITION AND AGE OF WORiaNG WOMEN, BY NATIV ITY AND RACE GROUPS: 1920 ^

Nat iv i ty and rac© and ago group Married Single, widowed, di-vorce, and unknown

Nat iv i ty and rac© and ago group

Number Per cent Number Per cent

A l l groups 1,920,231 100.0 1 6,426,515 100.0

IT) to 19 yeara

1,920,231 100.0 1 6,426,515 100.0

IT) to 19 yeara 74,305 283,870

1,143,706 418,400

707, &0S

3.9 1 i t s 59.6 21.8

100.0 {

1,481,017 1,525,205 2.273,667 1,146,626

8,W5,4C0

23.0 23.7 35.4 17.8

lOOO

20 to 24 years 74,305

283,870 1,143,706

418,400

707, &0S

3.9 1 i t s 59.6 21.8

100.0 {

1,481,017 1,525,205 2.273,667 1,146,626

8,W5,4C0

23.0 23.7 35.4 17.8

lOOO

25 to 44 years

74,305 283,870

1,143,706 418,400

707, &0S

3.9 1 i t s 59.6 21.8

100.0 {

1,481,017 1,525,205 2.273,667 1,146,626

8,W5,4C0

23.0 23.7 35.4 17.8

lOOO

45 years and over '

74,305 283,870

1,143,706 418,400

707, &0S

3.9 1 i t s 59.6 21.8

100.0 {

1,481,017 1,525,205 2.273,667 1,146,626

8,W5,4C0

23.0 23.7 35.4 17.8

lOOO Natire white—Katiro pu-entJige

16 to 19 years

74,305 283,870

1,143,706 418,400

707, &0S

3.9 1 i t s 59.6 21.8

100.0 {

1,481,017 1,525,205 2.273,667 1,146,626

8,W5,4C0

23.0 23.7 35.4 17.8

lOOO Natire white—Katiro pu-entJige

16 to 19 years 29,980 100,191 407,769 163,563

245,311

4,2 15.0 57.6 23.1

100.0 1

669,100 749,755

1,031,580 495,025

1,843,120

22.7 25.5 35.0 16.8

100.0

20 to 24 years.. . i 29,980

100,191 407,769 163,563

245,311

4,2 15.0 57.6 23.1

100.0 1

669,100 749,755

1,031,580 495,025

1,843,120

22.7 25.5 35.0 16.8

100.0

25 to 44 years

29,980 100,191 407,769 163,563

245,311

4,2 15.0 57.6 23.1

100.0 1

669,100 749,755

1,031,580 495,025

1,843,120

22.7 25.5 35.0 16.8

100.0

45 years and over»

29,980 100,191 407,769 163,563

245,311

4,2 15.0 57.6 23.1

100.0 1

669,100 749,755

1,031,580 495,025

1,843,120

22.7 25.5 35.0 16.8

100.0 Native white-Foreign or mixed parentage

15 to 19 years

29,980 100,191 407,769 163,563

245,311

4,2 15.0 57.6 23.1

100.0 1

669,100 749,755

1,031,580 495,025

1,843,120

22.7 25.5 35.0 16.8

100.0 Native white-Foreign or mixed parentage

15 to 19 years 7,677 37,284

146,385 53,965

296,126

3.1 15.2 59.7 22.0

100.0 1

490,346 483,733 627,792 241,249

817,090

26.6 26.2 34.1 13.1

100.0

20 to 24 years 7,677

37,284 146,385 53,965

296,126

3.1 15.2 59.7 22.0

100.0 1

490,346 483,733 627,792 241,249

817,090

26.6 26.2 34.1 13.1

100.0

25 to 44 years

7,677 37,284

146,385 53,965

296,126

3.1 15.2 59.7 22.0

100.0 1

490,346 483,733 627,792 241,249

817,090

26.6 26.2 34.1 13.1

100.0

45 years and over >

7,677 37,284

146,385 53,965

296,126

3.1 15.2 59.7 22.0

100.0 1

490,346 483,733 627,792 241,249

817,090

26.6 26.2 34.1 13.1

100.0 Foreign-born white

15 to 19 years.. .

7,677 37,284

146,385 53,965

296,126

3.1 15.2 59.7 22.0

100.0 1

490,346 483,733 627,792 241,249

817,090

26.6 26.2 34.1 13.1

100.0 Foreign-born white

15 to 19 years.. . 4,382 27,876

189,138 74,730

688,684

1.5 9.4

63.9 25.2

100.0 I

135,303 149,154 317,129 215,504

814,231

16.6 1&3 38.8 26.4

100.0

20 to 24 years 4,382

27,876 189,138 74,730

688,684

1.5 9.4

63.9 25.2

100.0 I

135,303 149,154 317,129 215,504

814,231

16.6 1&3 38.8 26.4

100.0

25 to 44 years

4,382 27,876

189,138 74,730

688,684

1.5 9.4

63.9 25.2

100.0 I

135,303 149,154 317,129 215,504

814,231

16.6 1&3 38.8 26.4

100.0

45 years and over J

4,382 27,876

189,138 74,730

688,684

1.5 9.4

63.9 25.2

100.0 I

135,303 149,154 317,129 215,504

814,231

16.6 1&3 38.8 26.4

100.0 Negro

4,382 27,876

189,138 74,730

688,684

1.5 9.4

63.9 25.2

100.0 I

135,303 149,154 317,129 215,504

814,231

16.6 1&3 38.8 26.4

100.0

15 to 19 years..-*. 31,911 111,095 394,916 124,762

3,929

4.8 16.8 59.6 18.8

100.0 1

184,856 141,322 295,017 193,036

6,259

22.7 17.4 36.2 23.7

100.00

20 to 24 years 31,911

111,095 394,916 124,762

3,929

4.8 16.8 59.6 18.8

100.0 1

184,856 141,322 295,017 193,036

6,259

22.7 17.4 36.2 23.7

100.00

25 to 44 years 31,911

111,095 394,916 124,762

3,929

4.8 16.8 59.6 18.8

100.0 1

184,856 141,322 295,017 193,036

6,259

22.7 17.4 36.2 23.7

100.00

45 years and over >

31,911 111,095 394,916 124,762

3,929

4.8 16.8 59.6 18.8

100.0 1

184,856 141,322 295,017 193,036

6,259

22.7 17.4 36.2 23.7

100.00 Indian

31,911 111,095 394,916 124,762

3,929

4.8 16.8 59.6 18.8

100.0 1

184,856 141,322 295,017 193,036

6,259

22.7 17.4 36.2 23.7

100.00

15 to 19 years 258 548

2,169 954

4,728

6.6 13.9 55.2 213

100.0 1

1,114 901

1,595 1,629

1,375

21.3 17.2 30.4 31.1

100.0

20 to 24 years 258 548

2,169 954

4,728

6.6 13.9 55.2 213

100.0 1

1,114 901

1,595 1,629

1,375

21.3 17.2 30.4 31.1

100.0

25 to 44 years 258 548

2,169 954

4,728

6.6 13.9 55.2 213

100.0 1

1,114 901

1,595 1,629

1,375

21.3 17.2 30.4 31.1

100.0

45 years and over > , . ^

258 548

2,169 954

4,728

6.6 13.9 55.2 213

100.0 1

1,114 901

1,595 1,629

1,375

21.3 17.2 30.4 31.1

100.0 Chineae, Japanese, and all other

258 548

2,169 954

4,728

6.6 13.9 55.2 213

100.0 1

1,114 901

1,595 1,629

1,375

21.3 17.2 30.4 31.1

100.0

15 to 19 years 97 876

3,329 426

2.1 1 18.5 70.4 9.0

298 340 554 183

21.7 24.7 40.3 13.3

20 to 24 years 97

876 3,329

426

2.1 1 18.5 70.4 9.0

298 340 554 183

21.7 24.7 40.3 13.3

25 to 44 years

97 876

3,329 426

2.1 1 18.5 70.4 9.0

298 340 554 183

21.7 24.7 40.3 13.3 45 years and over»

97 876

3,329 426

2.1 1 18.5 70.4 9.0

298 340 554 183

21.7 24.7 40.3 13.3

97 876

3,329 426

2.1 1 18.5 70.4 9.0

298 340 554 183

21.7 24.7 40.3 13.3

WomcQ 15 years of age and over engaged in gainful occupations

- V* u. uu ioau w i,uD tables 5 and 7.

) Includes ago unknown.


CHART 2 1 . — M A R I T A L C O N D I T I O N A N D A G E OF W O R K I N G W O M E N , B Y N A T I V I T Y A N D RACE GROUPS: 1920

Married Per cc/f/

iOO 90 60 70 €Q 50 40 JO ZO iO O

mdow^d, divorozd.onciunKfiown Per oe^t

o to to JO AO SO 60 70 do SO m

mzosmsosamm

V / / / / / / / / / / / / / / M

All groups

Naf/ve i^h/t^^ /Vo//Ve parenf^Qê,

A/Qf)ve whife-Poreign or mix^dpar^tas^

Porcf^t^ horn white

i^gro

Indian Chinese, Wapanz-^c, and o/i ofh^K

^^Ô to Z^years

W///M

1 WS^carând over'


TABLE 22.—SCHEDULED WEEKLY HOURS OF WORK OF WOMEN I N 13 STATES ^ 00

Numbor of cstablisbmcnts and number of womon whoso scheduled weekly hours were—

Number reported

State

ToUl Per cent dJs*

tributlon..

Alabama Arkansas Qeorgla Indiana.......... Iowa Kentucky Maryland Missouri New Jersey Ohio Rhode Island South Carolina Virginia

4,220 1»773 7,433 8,785 7,878 8,399

11,148 18,834 34,615 30,461 6.537 8,453

11,001

1 From surveys made by the U. 8. Women's Bureau. * DetaUs aggregate more than total becausc some establlshn 1 appear in more than one group.



CJHXRT" 2 2 . ^ C H E D U L E D W E E K L Y H O U R S O F W O R K O F W O M E N I N 13 S T A T E S

Ovcr^ hour^

B 2

Missouri

KzntucK^ SJSB

I/7Cfic/7Q a,76S

Aiabama 4:2Z0

3a Coroiina »

mm^mm ma

N N L

* From smreys made by U. S. Women'3 Bureau. Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis

CHART 23.—WOMEN'S EARNINGS I N 10 STATES »

Do//ars

/S

/O

S

^aes

f/^ss

S/2SS ^//ss

pa7s

aaao

/ihodghhfKl NmJerts^ Ohio Oeorp/o MJssouH Han^s ArKansas J(enfucty Sa(kirvJho Atba^ Date i920 i9ZZ /920 /92Z /BSO /SJSZ /92/ /dumber hf mrmn zy^ 3^,e5S 30.S63 A7S3 S^BS <S6B

I From surveyB mado by tho XJ. 8. Women's Bureau. Half of tbo women surveyed In each Stuto Gamed less and half more in ono woolc than tlie auiouiita sliowu. Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis

APPENDIX Total persons 10 years of age and over engaged in each specified occupation, classified

by sex, for the United States: 1910 and 1920 » [The figures for 1910 for certain of the division totals and also h r certain individual occupations bave been

corrected to conform to the classification for 1920]

1910

Total Male Female

1920

Total Male Female

POPULATION 10 Y E A R S OF A G E AND OVER

AU occupationi.,

71,580,

38,167,3381

37.027,

30,091.5S4

558*34, 553,712

8,075,772

82,730,315

41,614,848

Amctiltizre, forestry, and animal flttsbandry

Dairy fanners, farmers, and stock raisers. Dairy farmers. Fanners, general farms Farmers, turpentine farms Stock raisers

12,659,088 10,851,581 1,807,501 10,953,158

Dairy farm, farm, and stock farm laborers Dairy farm laborers Farm laborers (home farm)* Farm laborers (working out)».... Farm laborers (turpentine farm) Stock herders, drovers, and feeders---.

Dairy farm, farm, garden, orchard, etc., foremen

Dairy farm foremen. Farm foremen, general farms Farm foremen, turpentine farms. Farm foremen, stock farms.

6,079,341 61,811

5,864,4» 511,

52,52l|

6.069,32 35,014

3,310,534 2,636,966

27,55^' 5 9 , -

Garden and greenhouse foremen Orchard, nursery, etc., foremen

Fisbermen and oystermen Foresters, forest rangers, and timber

cruisers.

Gardeners, florists, frui t growers, and nur-

Fruit growers Gardeners Landscape gardeners Nurserymen

Garden, greenhouse, orchard, and nur-sery laborers

Cranberry bog laborers. Garden laborers Greenhouse laborers. Orchard and nursery l abo re rs " ! ! ! ! ^ . .

Lumbermen, raftsmen, and woodchop* pers

Foremen and overseers I Inspectors, scalers, and surveyors Teamsters and haulers Other lumbermen, raftsmen, and wood-

choppers Owners and managers of log and timber

camps Managers and o f f i c T a i s . I i r i " I " I I I " I l Owners and proprietors

161,

15,038

139,322

7,931 1,725 6,206

fi, 717,384 59.240

5,606,789 508

50,847

4,551,247 32,237

2,133,949 2,299,444

27.241 58,376

43,419 1,001

34,017 89S

3,593 1,223 2,687

67,799

4,332

261,956 2,576

257,703 3

1,674

1,518,074 2,777

1,176,585 337.522

316 874

7,776 85

7,504 1

11 88 87

476

131,421 7,977

41,255 75,481 3,777 2,931

126.453 1,316

76,372 16,796 31,969

161,191 4,798 2,100

15,038

139,246

7,834 1,051 2,27d 4,413

15 79

7,474

1.503

7 927 1,725 6,202

6,201,261 118,813

6,004,580 309

77,559

4,041,627 63,367

1,850,119 2,055,276

16.099 56,766

93,048 2,479

79,018 724

4,894 1,874 4,059

52,836

3,653

169,399 8,345

55,402 98,591 4,402 2,659

137,010 241

81,532 16,239 38,998

205,315 6,090 2,344

17,106

179,775

8,410 2,095 6,315

42,289,009

33,064,737

40,449,346

8,549,511

9,869,030 1,084,128

6,947,425 114,867

5,757,327 309

74,922

3,248,712 60,770

1,273,477 1,843,307

15,790 55,368

78,708 2,339

65,251 724

4,800 1,698 3,896

52,457

3,651

160,116 7,407

52,208 93,523 4,377 2,601

127,589 236

75,234 15,075 37,044

205,036 6,090 2,344

17,106

179,490

3,660 134

Other agricultural and animal husbandry pursuits 44,238 40,408 3,830

Ap ia r i ^ 2,145* 2,020 12^ Com shellers, hay balers, gr^in thresh-

ers, etc 6,617 5,617 Ditchers (farm)* 15,198, 15,198 Irrigators and ditch tenders 2,883' 2,874 Jou try raisers 12,1511 8.921 Poultry yard laborers 3.233! 2,856 Other and not specitted pursuits 3.0111 2,9221

43 Census. Fourteenth census. Population: 1920. v . 4, Occupations, p. 35-

' Decreaa, 1910 to 1920, probably due mainly to change of census date from Apr . 15 in 1910 to Jan. 1 in 1920. 61

40,599 2,893

5;379; 2,600

14,116| 4,599 1.3061

8,397 2,090 6,307

36,939 2,759

9,642 5,379 2,597

11,792 3,687 1.183

253,836 3,946

247,253

2,637

792,915 2,597

576,642 211,969

309 1,393

14,34L 140

13,767

94 176 163

379

2

9,283 938

3,194 5,068

25 58

9,421

6,298 1,164 1,954

279

279

13 6 8

3 2,324 1,012

183



Toted persons 10 years of age and over engaged in each specified occupationf damjied by sex, for the United StaUs: 1910 and 1920—Couiinned

[The fleures for 1910 for certain of the division totals and also for certain individual occapations haye been corrected to conform to the classiflcatlon for IftflOJ

OCCUrATlON

1010

Total Male Female

1930

Total Silale Female

Extraction of minerals.. 965,168 »M,07fi 1,094 1,090,223 1,087,SW 8,8«4 Foremen, overseers, and Inspectors

Foremen and overseers.. Inspectors

OTOrators, ofHcials, and managers Managers •lanagers.... Officials Operators...,

Coal mine operatives. Copper mine operatives Qold and silver mine operatives.... I ron mine operatives

Operatives i n other and not spodfitd mines

Lead and zinc mine operatives Other specified mine operatives Not specified mine operatives

Quarry operatives

Oil, gas, and salt well operatives Oi land gas well operatives Salt well and works operatives

Hannfactnrinf and mechanical in-dustries

23,338 22,142 1,19€

25,234 9,79S l,14g

14,387

613,924 39,270 65,436 49, WS

47,252 19,486 7,945

19,821

80,840

29,927 2 662 4,365

110,628,731

2J.328 22,133 1,105

25,127 9,786 1,140

14,201 613,519 39,251 55,397 49,909

47,109 19,471 7,891

19,807

80,795

29,580 25,548 4,032

18,808,161

10 0 1

107 12 9

86

405 19 39

83 15 54 14

45

347 14

333

1,820,670

36,931 27,945 8,986

34,325 14,469 2,522

17,334

733,936 36,054 32,700 38,704

41,389 20,798 11,320 9,271

45,162

91,022 65,550 6,472

12,818,624

Apprentices to building and hand trades. Blacksmiths' apprentices Boiler makers' apprentices Cabinetmakers* apprentices Carpenters' apprentices Coopers' apprentices Electricians* apprentices Machinists' apprentices < Masons' apprentices Painters', glaiiers', and varnishers'

apprentices Paper hangers' apprentices Plasterers' apprentices Plumbers' apprentices Roofers' and slaters' apprentices Tinsmiths' and coppersmiths' appren-

Apprentices to dressmakers and milliners Dressmakers' apprentices Mil l iners' apprentices

Apprentices, other Architects', designers', and draftsmen's

apprentices Jewelers', watchmakers', go l d^ i t hs ' , '

and silversmiths* apprentices Printers' and bookbinders* a p p r e n t i ^ l Other apprentices

Bakers.,

Blacksmiths, forgemen, and hammermen Blacksmiths,

O > 816

I L ilm

»G69 •9,903

304

O 12,011 6,996 6,015

1,153

>1,839 •12,395

(»)

89,631

240,174 232,988

7,186

O •2,814

•2,660 O •2,501

•2,653 440

t

302

(>) 31 7

24 0)

1,110

•1,770 •11,454 o 84,762

240,143 232,957

7,186

O

h (0 (0

>4 2

o 11,980 5,989 6,991

(0 43

1 •941

4,779

31 31

73,953 2,661 2,005 1,030 4,805

365 9,562

39,463 1,434

1,616 172 398

7,386 250

2,816

4,326 2,715 1,611

65,898

3,777

2,633 11,603 47,885

97,940

221,421 195,255 26,166

27,939 8»984

34,143 14,446 2,481

17,216

732,441 35,918 32,666 38,605

41,282 20 749 11,271 9,262

45,084

90,297 85,303 4,994

10,888,183

8 6 2

'182 23 41

US

1,495 136 » Od

107 49 49 9

725 247 47S

1,980, Ml

73,897 2,659 2,005 1,020 4,797

365 9,557

39,448 1,434

1,598 165

2

6 IS

18 7

7,386 250

2,815

17 4

13

60 532

3,479

2,247 10,366 44,440

93,347

221,416 195,251 26,165

4,300 2711 tm 5,366

386 1,237 3.445

4,593 5 4 I Forgemen, hammermen, and w d d ^ "

• Cpmparablo figures for 1910 not available. • Figures for 1910 approximate only.

' apprentices" probably are machine tenders.



Total persons 10 years of age and over engaged in each specified occupation, classified by sex, for the United States: 1910 and i f i ^ J^O—Cont inued

[The figures for 1910 for certain of the division totals and also for certain individual occupations have been corrected to conform to the classification for 1920]

1910

Total Male Female

1920

Total Male Female

Hannfftcturing and mechmnicU induatriea—Continued.

Boiler makers Brick and stone masons Builders and building contractors Cabinetmakers Carpenters —. Compositors, linotypers, and typesetters. Coopers Dressmakers and seamstresses (not in

factory) Dyers Electricians j l . .

Electrotypers, stereotypers, and lithog-raphers..

Electrotypers and stereotypers-Lithographers

Engineers (stationary), cranemen, hoist-men, eta

Engineers (stationary) Cranemen, derrickmen, hoistmen, etc.-

Engravers

Filers, grinders, buffers, and polishers (metal)

Buffers and polishers Filers Grinders

Firemen (eicept locomotive and fire de-partment)

Foremen and overseers (manufiacturing).

Fnmacemen, smeltermen, heaters, pour-etc

Fumacemen and smeltermen Heaters l^adlers and pourers Puddlers

Glass blowers-.

Jewelers, xvatchmakers, goldsmiths, and silversmiths

Goldsmiths and sUversmiths II^ Jewelers and lapidaries (factory) Jewelers and watchmakers (not in

factory)

Laborera(n.o, s.«): laborers specified

C t o i r a l and allied industries Fertilizer factories. Paint and varnish factories Powder, f r i d g e , dynamite, fuse, and

fireworks factories Soap factories Other chemical factories I I !

Cigar and tobacco factories

44,761 » 169,402

174,422 41,892

817,120 127,589 25,299

449,342 14,050

»120,241

12,506 4,368 8,13fi

(>) 231,041 (»)

13,967

49,525 30,496 10,236 8,793

111,248 175,098

36,251 19,735 10,120

679 5,717

15,504

32,574 5,757

10,631

16,186

869,478

41,741 9,847 2; 959

4,277 3,433

21,225

16,3921

44,761 U69,387

173,573 41,884

817,082 113,538 25,292

1,582 13,396

>120,155

11,929 4,268 7,661

(') 231,031 (')

13,429

46,679 28,191 10,069 8,419

111,248 155,358

36,226 19,719 10,111

679 5,717

15,474

» 15 849

14,051 7

447,760 654 >86

577 100 477

30,037 5,553 8,783

15,701

853,679

39,711 9,757 2,842

3,ftl7 3,173

19,992

538

2,846 2,305

167 374

19,740

2,537 204

1,848

485

1 indudo cement finishers; these 11,436

numbered 7,

74,088 131,264 90,109 45,511

887,379 140,165 19,066

235,855 15,109

212,964

13,716 5,494 8,222

279,984 242,096 37,88^

15,053

59,785 30,511 10,959 18,315

143,875 307,413

40,806 18,201 16,470 1,020 5,115

0,144

4,828 8,757

20,007

15,799 623,203

74,289 12,943 4,841

8,467 4,715

43,323

4,9561 35,157 ,621 in 1920.

74,088 131,257 90,030 45,503

887,208 128.859 19,061

14,978 212,945

13,530 5,484 8,m

279,940 242,064 37,876

14,492

57,315 28,484 10,893 17,938

143,862 277,242

40,800 18,197 16,468 1,020 6,115

9,055

37,914 4,771 7,701

25,442

608,075

70,994 12,808 4,677

7,821 4; 346

41,342

21,295

7 79 8

171 11,306

5

235,519 131 19

186 10

176

44 32 12

561

2,470 2,027

66 377

13 30,171

1,678 57

1,056

565

16,128

3,295 135 164

646 369

1,981

13,862

ut i™ "cranemen, derrickmen, hoistmen, etc.," were classified w i th the semiskilled oper-



Total persons 10 years of age and over engaged in each specified occupaiiont classified hu sdx, for the United States: JO JO and 1920—Continued

[The figures for lUlOfor ccrtainofthn dl^isltm totaL<i nnf! nJso for crr lnin ln<iIvliJual ottmpations hare been ' corrcitcd to conform to the dassiflcation for I920J

OCCUPATION

Manulkcturing and meGh&ZLie&l industries—Continued

Laborers (n. o. s.i)—ConUnucd. Clay, glass, and stone industries

Brick, tile, and terra cotta factories-. Glass factories l i m e , cement, and artificial stone

factories Marble and stone yards Potteries

Clothing industries Corset factories Glove factories Hat factories (felt) Shirt, collar, and cuflt factories Suit, coat, cloak, and overall factories. Other clothing factories

r o o d industries Bakeries Butter, chcese, and condensed mi lk

factories , Candy factories

Fish curing and packing Flour and grain mills Fru i t and vegetable canning, etc Slaughter and packing bouses Sugar factories and refineries Other food factories

ITarness and saddle Industries Helpers i n buUding and hand trades..,

I ron and steel Industries Agricultural implement factories Automobile factories Blastfurnaces and steel rolling mills >, Car and railroad shops Ship and boat building Wagon and carriage factories Other iron and steel factories» Not specified metal industries

Other metal industries Brass mills Clock and watch factories Copper factories Gold and silver factories Jewelry factories Lead and rinc factories Tinware, enamelware, etc., factories. Other metal factories

Lumber and furniture industries Furniture factories Piano and organ factories., Saw and planing mills < Other woodworUng factories..

Paper and pulp mills

Print ing and publishing Blank book, envelope, tag, paper bag,

etc.. factories Printing, publishing, and engraving.

Shoe factories., Tanneries

1 Not otherwise spedflcd. * Includes tinplate mills.

1910

Total

4,81C 2,878] 4,870, 9,243; 4,670,

33,903!

8,270

1,298 06,303

482,941 n,or>7 15,783

202,352 48,342 ll,»S3 12,391

138,059 42,924

44,773 10,885 1,879

11,580 l,277j

GGS 7.945 7,587 2.946

317,244 23,618 4,459

26a 142 29,025

31,388

7,041

1,557 5»4S4

10^277 20,798

Male Female

152,438 77,333 23,686

35,931 6,847 8,641

5,424 286 446

1,541 821

1,651 679

75,691 3,755

4,688 1,845 4,637 9.152 3,083

32,471 8,647 6,813

1,210 66,222

476,801 ia953 15,644

201,030 48,114 11,975 12,232

134,295 42,558

*42,134 10,606 1,202

11,532 1,101

528 7,871 6,709 2,525

313,228 23,089 4,099

258,361 27,679

29,959

5,217

1,096 4,131

7,952 20,491

2,388 621

152 68

599

816 * M S

424 218

1,363 1,301+

994

6,324 755

128 1,133

233 91

9S7 1,432

108 1,457

88 81

6,140 114 139

1.362 228

8 159

3,764 366

2,f»39 279 617 54

176 140 74

878 421

4,016 529 360

1,781 1,346

1,429

1,824

461 1.363

4325 307

1920

Total Male Female

124,544 48,636 28,837

30,051 5,084

11,836

12,776^ 771

1,757; 9S9,

2,708j

2,567

159,535 8,315:

15,190^ 6,584 6,300

18,121 13,058 59, M8l 15,733 16,686

1,885 63,519!

729,6131 11,409, 83,3411

258,830 53,643 69,196 9,817

179,607 03,770

67,887 18,485 3,108

10,963 2,272; 1,421 8,927

17,605 6,106j

320,613{ 35,272 5,32l|

245,683: 34,337

52,263

11,436

3,455 7,981

19,210: 27,480.

120,215 48, OW 26, m 29,884 5,081

10,710

6,414 194 m sis

1,317 2,219

960

143,397 6,869

14,174 4,39S 5,291

17,983 9,743

55,436 15,414 14,119

1,727 63,412

717,022 11,292 8a 874

2.')6,548 53,280 68,917 9,594

173,734 62,783

62,771 17,614 1,929

lasos 2,061 1,255 8,859

15,436 4,709

309,874 32,600 4,596

241,334 31,344

49,7S6

8,886

zm 6,240

14,194 26.703

537 2;47«

W7 23

1,13«

6,362 577 858 164

1,391 1,7M 1,607

16.138 1,446

1,01ft 2,186 1,039

138 3,315 4,112

319 2.567

158 107

12,591 117

2,467 ^^ 279 223

211

6S 2,169

397

10,739 2,672

725

2,477

2,550

809 1,741

5'22 777

) Includes iron foundries. * Includes box factories (wood).


FACTS ABOUT WOBKINQ WOMEK 55 Total persons 10 years of age and over engaged in each specified occupation, classified

by sex, for the United States: 1010 and Continued fThe figures for 1910 for certain of the division totals and also for certain individual occupations have been * corrected to conform to the classiflcatioa forl920l

1910

Total Male Female

1920

Total Male Female

Uanofacturing and raechanical iAdostries—Continued

Laborers (n. o. s.^—Continued. Textile industries-

Carpet mills Cotton mills Knitting mills., Lace and embroidery mills Silk mills. Textile dyeing, finishing, and print-

ing mills Woolen and worsted mills

Other textile mills Hemp and jute mil ls.. Linen mills..

Other Industries Broom and brush factories Button factories Charcoal and coke works Electric light and power plants Electrical supply factories Gasworks Leather belt, leather case, etc., fac-

tories Liquor and beverage Industries Paper hot factories Petroleum refineries Rubber factories Straw factories Tnmk factories Turpentine distUleries Other miscellaneous industries Other not specified industries

Loom flxets,.^.. M^in ls ts , millwrights, and toolmakers

Machinists

and die setters and sinkers.

Managers and superintendents (manu-facturing)

Manufacturers and officials. Manufacturers ^^ Officials

Mechanics (n.o.s.i) OtiMD^^lwksml th3,andbel^

Molders. founders, and casters (meta l ) - . . Brass mplders, founders, and casters-Iron molders, founders, and casters.. Other molders, founders, and casters.

Oilers of machineiT Painters, glaiiers, vamlshers, enamelers.

(build. . Painters, 8 tory)..

querers, and Japaimers.., ^lers, and varaishers

liers, and vamlshers (fac-

3,769 37,804 7,8(M

705 3,79S

9,958 12,290

11,018 1,462

733 3,797 2&1 4,757

246,677 1,565 1,105

11,446 8,176

11,434 16. M9

1,90S 18,857 1,403

11,215 13,546

413 985

6,405 32,237

109,433

13,254

488,019 461,344

17,442 9,263

10i210 256,591 235,107 21,484

23,152 127,906

120,900

112,122 2; 266

14,013

337,355 2,999

273,441

60,916

3,437 32,037 4,2&4

468 2; 686

9.S62 10^245

8,608 1,295

479 3,131

234 3,469

229,517 1 340

790 11,431 8,011

10,053 16,534

1,757 18,294

791 11,151 12,224

319 909

6,354 29,836 99,723

13,254

487,956 461,271

17,442 0,243

102748 251,892 230,809 21,083

248 3,732

(')

23,093 6,459

120,783 6,609

112,070 2; 204

13,990

334,814 1,968

273,060

69,786

332 5,767 3,540"

237 1,112

596 2,045

2,410 167 259 666 30 1,

17,160 225 315

15 165

1,381 15

151

1,322; 94 76 51

2,401 9,710

73 M

1,462

4,699 4,298

401

(»)

122,447

117 3

52 62

2»641 1,031

381

1,129

3,953 76,315 11,943

944 10; 080

10,605 22,227

17,243 1,254

458 4,268

283 10,980

2,800 1,407 9,384

15,417 26,789 18,845

3,678 10,530 3,384

31.795 51,467

577 2,486 9,731

84,337 191,354

15,961

894,662 801,901 37,669 55,092

201,721

231,615 183,386 48,229

281,741 4,645 3,727

273,369

23,272 73.255

123,681 7,238

114,031 2,412

24,612

323,032 4,137

248,497

70,398

3,378

6,603 677

7,350

9,885 18,238

14,564 1,110

304 3,805

237 9,018

426,398 2,407 1,093 9,352

15,255 23,562 18,787

3,274 10,295 2,401

31,566 47,515

513

9,605 77,583

170,921

15,958

894,654 801,896 37,669 55,089

196,771

223,289 178,441 44,848

281,690 4,638 3,727

273,325

23,265 3,657

123,668 7,238

114,022 2,408

24,568

319,697 3,168

248,394

68,135

575 16,669 5,340

267 2,730

720 3,989

2,679 144 94

463 46

1,932

37,493 393 314 32

162 3,227

304 235 983 229

217 126

6,754 20,443

3

8 5

4,950

4,945 3,381

61 7

44

7 69,598

13

9 4

44

3,335 969

103

2,263

»Not Otherwise specified. * Comparable figures for 1910 not available. Digitized for FRASER http://fraser.stlouisfed.org/ Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis


Total persons 10 years of age and over engaged in each specified occupation^ cUusiJUd by sex, for the United States: 1910 and Continued

[The figures for 1910 for certain of the division totals and also for certain Individual occupations have been corrected to conform to the dassiflcation for 1^20]

OCCUPATION

1010

Total Male Female

IKSO

Total ^lale Fenuae

H&nnfactnrinc and mechanical industries—Continued

Paper hangers Pattern and model makers..

Plasterers and cement finishers Cement finishers Plasterers..

Plumbers and gas and steam fitters Pressmen and plate printers (printing)—, Rollers and roll hands (metal) Roofers and slaters. -Sawyers

Semiskilled operatives (n. o. s.»): Chemical and allied industries

Fertilizer factories Paint and varnish factories Powder, cartridge, dynamite, fuse,

and fireworks factories. Soap factories Other chemical factories

Cigar and tobacco factories

Clay, fijoss- and stone industries Brick, tile, and terracotta factories.. Glass factories Lime, cement, and artificial stone fac-

tories Marble and stone yards. Potteries

Clothing industries Corset factories Glove factories Hat factories (felt) Shirt, collar, and cuf i factories Suit, coat, cloak, and overall factories, Other clothing factories.-.,,^

Food industries Bakeries Butter, cheese, and condensed mi lk

factories Candy factories Fish curing and packing Flour and grain mills Fru i t and vegetable canning, etc Slaughter and packing houses Sugar factories and refineries Other food factories.,.

Harness and saddle Industries

I ron and steel industries Agricultural implement factories Automobile factories Blast furnaces and steel rolling mills > Car and railroad shops Ship and boat bui lding Wagon and carriage factories Other i ron and steel factories * No t specified metal industries

Other metal industries Brass mil ls. Clock and watch factories Copper factories Gold and silver factories

» Cement finishers were Included w i t h «Not otherwise spedfied. * Includes tin-plate mills. < Indudes i ron foundries.

25,fi77 23,fi59

147,082

47,C82

148,301 20,084 18,407i 14,078 43,276

30^705' 635.

3,920

5,263' 4,44^

16,444

151,801

88,691 13,407 41,877

8,539 16,259

386,136 13,073 19,339 33,020 60,169

138,012 122,493

105,283 8,938

11,508 3a 943 2,776 3,992 6,290

25,897 1,871

13,978

22,650

369,040 4,866

21,091 70,273 47,783 14,530 22,339

154,720 33,438

24,780 23,006

t 47,676 (0 47,676

148,304 19,892 18,384 14,078 43,257

17,158 622

3,292

2,858 2,516 7,870

70,956

79,230 1Z619 37,927

8,480 8,389

11,785

148,866 1,375 5,353

22,702 13,311 75,444 30^681

3,008

11,065 13,608 1,786 3,750 2,127

23,492 1,655 8,192

21,958

345,483 4,494

20,243 67,889 47,406 14,464 21,255

138,677 31,055

797 553

to

192 23

13,517 13

628

2,405 1,927 8,574

71.845

758 3,950

129 150

4,474

237,270

13; 986 10,318 46,858 62,598 91,812j

36,600!

1.084 16,043 2,383

18,746 27,730

45,876 7,62i:

38,255^

200,718 18,CS3 25,001* 11,378 33,809

50,341 1,407, 5,521

7,379 6,288'

29,74«,

145,222

85,434! 9,987

44,831

7,633 5,546

17,437

409,361 12,642 23,357 21,178 52,377

143,872 155,935;

188,895 20r441

69,815 48,956 20,859 16,885 14,350 2,535 15,628 9,252 6,376! 1,968 1,915 53 6,831 4,14lJ I,690l

brick and stone masons*' i n 1910.

121,164 93,627 97,979 97,666]

24?; 4 ^ 16,942

91,291 17,482 18,244 2,986 6,239

18,338 27,663

45,870 7,621

38,249

206,715 18,683., ?5,0G1. 11,378!. 33,800,

32,072 1,352 4,686

4,811 ^239

17,984

61,262

72,269 9,357

37,636

7,436 5,478

1:^372

143,718 1,115 6,584

14,716 10,361 79,357 31,585

116,493 8»&58

16,096 20,913 4,363 7,524 3,898

41,906 3,144 9,791

17,573

632,161 7,13^

108,376 89,536 97,ooa 97,175 8,749

309,112 15,084

60,844 13,576 10,043 2,834 4,432

408 57

55 835

2,568 3,049

11,762

83,960

13,165 630

7,195

307 68

5,065

16,773 6,462

42,016 64,515

124,350

11,583

2,745 31,368

6,306 8,065

662 7,843

562

976 491 681

36,338

3,906 8,201

152



Total persons 10 years of age and over engaged in each specified occupationj classified hy sex^ for the United States: 1910 and 1920—Continued

[The figures for 1910 for certain of the division totals and also for certain individual occupations have been corrected to conform to the classification for 1920]

UumfactnTing and mechanical industriea—C ontinued

SemiskiUed operatives (n. o. s.O—Contd. Other metal industries—Continued.

Jeweky factories -Lead and zinc factories Tinware, enamelware, etc., factories. Other metal factories

Lumber and furniture industries—. Fumiture factories Piano and organ factories Saw and planing mills ' Other woodworking factories

Paper and pulp mills

Printing and publishing Blank book» envelope, tag, paper

bag, etc., factories Printing, publishing, and engraving-

Shoe factories Tanneries^

Textile industries: Carpet mills Cotton mills Knitting inill? Lace and embroidery mills Silk mills Textile dyeing, finishing, and print-

Woolen and worst^'mflbriXIXIZI-

Other textUe mills Hemp and jute mUls Linen mills Hope and cordage factories Sail, awning, and tent factories Not specified teitUe mills

Other industries Broom and brush factories Building and hand trades Button factories Charcoal and coke works Electriclight and power plants. . . Electric^ supply factories Gasworks leather belt,leathVr"^Ve'tc^7actoriM Liquor and beverage industries,— Paper box factories Petroleum refineries Rubber factories Straw factories Trunk factories T o n t i n e distilleries Other miscellaneous industries.... Other not specified Industries

Shoemakers and cobblers (not in factory)

Stffled occupations (n. o. s.i) Annealers and temperers (metal). . . gano and organ tuners W ^ carvers Other skilled occupations

Stonecutter Stmctiiral iron workers (building)

1910 1920

Total

10,834 1,91&

10,611 6,143

168,271 44,&40 18,953 60,000 36,618

36,383

68,790

10,032 58,758

181,010 33,652

37,347 280,149 87,866 16,027 79,379

16,371 105,186

67,228 4,621 1,084 6,517 3,365

50,741

346,430 11,163 11,733 11,461 1,634 8,880

24,677 5,732

11,653 31,503 17,917 1,739

31,593 5,915 4,944 1,449

71,050 93,487

69,570

16,808 1,901 6,633 5,368 2,906

35,731 11,427

204,606

Male Female

6,334 1,652 6,674 4,638

154,324 40,936 17,400 63,6^1 32,304

25,803

32,851

3,422 29,429

121,744 31,746

17,655 139,483 22,528 4,336

29,019

11,168 53,130

26,287 2,007

703 3,022 2,324

18,231

222,111 9,037

10,212 6,682 1,618 8,701

13,636 6,689 8,473

29,664 4,862 1,669

21,170 1,945 4,381 1,441

41,244 51.684

68,788

16,560 1,894 0,528 5,308 2,830

35,726 11,427

163,795

Total Male Female

4,500 263

3,937 1,505

13,947 3,704 1,553 2,376 6,314

10,680

3 939 6,610

29,329

1,906

19,692 140,666 65,338 11,691 50,360

5,203 52,056

40,&41 2,614 1,281 3,495 1,041

32,510

124,319 2,126 1,521 4,779

16 176

11,041 43

3,080 1,839

13,055 70

.10,423 3,970

563 8

29,806 41,803

782

248 7

105 60 76

40,813

15,083 2,464

19,356 9,437

168,719 55,717 19,852 57,320 35,830

54,669

80,403

13,694 66,709

206,225 32,226

23,387 302,454 107,604 19,083

115,721

17,736 126,418

79,994 4,168 2,574 8,454 3,543

61,255

622,662 12,606 7,003

12,977

15; 949 64,841

m

8,891 86,204

1,138 121,968 207,047

78,859

19,395 2,913 7,(M7 3,025 6,411

8,946 2,186

12,167 6,660

150,079 48,906 16,949 54,016 30,208

41,321

39,281

5,117 34,164

132,813 28,598

13,003 153,269 26,922 6,086

42,953

12,154 64,703

34,944 1,951

860 4,714 2,533

24,881

410,256 10,219

7,768 1,692

15,610 37,452 9,294

12,809 14,960 7,077 8,229

67,370 7,751 4,644 1,130

75,772 121,496

78,599

19,326 2,910 7.007 3.008 6,401

22,096 18,836

160,404

6,137 278

7,189 2,777

18,640 6,811 2,903 3,304 5,622

13,348

41,122

8,577 32,545

73,412 3,628

10,384 149,185 80,682 12,997 72,768

5,582 61,715

45,050 2,217 1,714 3,740 1,005

36,374

212,406 2,387

20 5,209

27,389 168

4,380 695

13,375 662

18,834 6,351

812 8

46,196 85,551

260

69 3

40 17

3

31,828

^ Not otherwise specified. »Includes box factories (wood).



Total persons 10 years of age and over engaged in each specified occupation^ ctassified by sex, for the United States: 1910 and 19S0—Continued

[The figures for 1910 for certain of the division totals and also for certain individual occupations have been corrected to conlorm to tbe classification for 1920)

1910

Total Male Female

1920

Total Male Female

Manufacturing and mechanical industries^Continued

Tinsmiths and coppersmiths..-. Coppersmiths Tinsmiths and sheet metal workers

Upholsterers

Transportation

Water transportation (selected occupa-tions):

Boatmen, canal men, and lock keepers.. Captains, masters, mates, and pilots... Longshoremen and stevedores Sailors and deck hands

Road and street transportation (selected occupations}:

CarriflRe and hack drivers Chauffeurs Draymen, teamsters, and expressmen L Foremen of l ivery and transfer com-

panies Garage keepers and managers Hostlers and stable hands

Laborers (garage, road, and street) Garage Road and street building and repair-

ing Street cleaning.^

l i v e r y stable keepers and managers... Proprietors and managers of transfer

companies

Railroad transx>ortation (selected occupa-tions):

Baggagemen and freight agents.. Baggai Baggagemen... Freight agents..

Boiler washers and engine hostlers Brakemen Conductors (steam railroad) Conductors (street railroad)

Foremen and overseers Steam railroad Street railroad

Laborers Steam railroad-, Street railroad..

Locomotive engineers ». Locomotive flremen

Motorraen-Steam railroad Street railroad

Cfflcials and superintendents. Steam railroad Street railroad

3,410 56,423

X,221

2,637,420

59,809 3,410

£6,399

IS,92S

2,530,795

21 24

1,293

106,625

74,9f»S 5,23

69,735

29,605

3,063,582

74,957 5,232

C9,72S

27. 2,850,528

5,304 24,242 62,857 46,510

35,376 45,785

40S,469

6,606 5.279

63»3SS

194,882 4,468

180,468 9 946

34,795 15,598

17,033 12,273 4,760

10^409 92,572 65,604 56.932

60.933 65,260 4,673

570,975 ^13,168 27,807

96,229 76»381 68,705 2; 487

56,218

22,238 19,8a5 2,433

5,289 24,242 62,813 46,498

35,339 45,752

406,396

6,600 5,2V>

63,382

1HS76 4,462

18a 468 8,&46

34,612 15,368

17,028 12,273 4,755

10,409 92,572 65,604 56,932

65,038 4,655

567,522 539,920 27,602

96,229 76,381

58,705 2,487

56,218

22,236 19,80? 2,433

183

230

240 222 18

3,453 3,248

305

16,819^ 11,878 4,941

25,3W 114,107 74,539 63,7C0|

79,294 73,046 6,248

495,713 470,199 25,514

109,899 91,345

66,519 3,660

62959 35,881 32,426 3,455

6,2S6 25,318 85,005 54,800

284,096 41^484

3,866 41,944 15,973

158,204 31,339

115,673 11,192

11,168 23,231

16,789 11,875 4,914

25,271 114,107 74,539 63,507

11 1 10

2,267

313, «M

33 2

323 33

01 649 04S

2 207

3

278 111

163 4

72

2G6

30 3

27

79,216 72,980 6.236

488,659 463,613 25,046

109,899 91,345 —

253

78 66 12

7,054 6,586

66,499 3,560

62; 939

35,830 32,385 3,445

20

"26 51 41 10

trade. f "-V. 1 « » . v i minerals Are c***iH 11 tivi -- , drivers for bakeries and laundries are classified wi th dcliTcrymen in

» Tcanwters In agriculture, forestry, and the extracUon of minerals are classified wi th the other work^s i n those industries, respectively; and


PACTS ABOtTT WOBKING WOMEN 59 Total persons 10 years of age and over engaged in each specified occupaiionj classified

by sex, for the United States: 1910 and Continued

rrbe figures for 1910 for certain of the division totals and also for certain individual occupations have been correctcd to conform to tho classification for 19201

OCCUPATION

1910

Total Male Female

1920

Total Male Female

Transportation—Continued

Eailroad t r a n ^ r t a t i o n (selected occu-pations)—Continued,

Switchmen, flagmen, and y a r d m e n — Switchmen and fiagmen (steam rai l

road) Switchmen and flagmen (street rai l

road) Yardmen (steam railroad)

Ticket and station agents

Express, post, telegraph, and telephone (selected occupations):

Agents (express companies)

Express messengers and railway mail clerks

Express Railway

Mail carriers Telegraph and telephone linemen,.. Telegraph messengers Telegraph operators Telephone operators

Other transportation pursuits: Foremen and overseers (n. o. sJ)

Road and street building and repair-ing

Telegraph and telephone Water transportation Other transportation'

Inspectors Steam railroad Street raikoad _ __ Telegraph and telephone Other transportation

Laborers (n. o. s,») Express companies--Pi^-lines Telegraph a n ^ t e l V p h o n V r " " ! " " ! ^ Water transportation Other transportation

Proprietors, officials, and managers „ ( n . 0,8.1) Telegraph and telephone Other transportation _

Other occupations (semiskilled) Rpad and street building and repair-

ing Steam railroad Street raikoad ] Telegraph and telephone Water transportation Other transportation T r a d e . ^ t

B^kere, brokers, and money lenders.... Bankers and bank officials Commercial brokers and commission

men I^an^brokers and loan company offl-

85,147

73,419

2,153 9,575

24,138

5,875

22,021 6,781

15,240

80,678 28,350 9,152

69,953 97,893

14,738

7,064 3,843^ 3,016

815

33,237 27,661 2,268 2,619

689 26,655' 3,010, 2,605 5,312

14,267 1,361

14,839

4,750 38,742

5,076 24,424 5,187 1,213 1,945

897 3,614,670

105,804 56,059

24,009

2,111 1,232

13,729 8,664

85,095

73,367

2,153 9,575

22,930

5.804

22,018 6,778

15,240

79,667 28.347 9,074

61,734 9,631

14,333

7,064 3,439 3,016

814

32,962 27,525 2,265 2,485

687 26,300 2,979 2,605 5,251

14,177 1,288

13,411 8,680 4,731

37,749

4,726 24,125 5,147

992 1,905

854 8,148,582

1,208

71

3

1,011 3

78 8,219

88,262

405

404 . . . .

275 136

3 134

2 255 31

' " e i 90 73

1,428 1,409

19

350 299 40

221 40 43

468,088

103,170 54,387

23,690

1,989 1,191

13,522 8,391

2,634 1,672

319

122 41

207 273

111,565

101,917

2,500 7,148

26,585

5,293

25,005 9,138

15,867

91,451 37,917 9,403

79.434 190,160

25,995

9,558 6,822 3,488 6,127

50,233 42,721 3,451 2,821 1,340

33,432 9,089 7,369 5,088 5,966 5,920

18,957 11,603 7,354

48,124

4,435 28,621 9,259 1,831 1,774 2,204

4,242,979

161,613 82,375

27,552

4,385 1,088

29,609 16,6M

111,000

101,359

2,496 7,145

24,324

5,193

24,996 9,129

15,867

90,131 37,905 8,969

62,574 11,781

25,958

9,657 6,797 3,488 6,116

49,848 42,675 3,445 2,491 1,237

33,229 9,067 7,362 5,011 5,963 5,826

18,384 11,059 7,325

46,634

4,331 27,916 9,088 1,410 1,753 2,136

3,676,187

565

558

2,261

100

1,320 12

434 16,860

178,379

37

1 25

3 203

• 22 7

77 3

94

573 544 29

1,490

104 705 171 421 21 68

667,792

156,309 78,149

27,358

4,255 1,066

29,233 16,248

5,3(W 4,226

194

130 22

376 366 S^tockbrokera

Brokers not specified and promoters \ Not otherwise specified. , „ ,

jjj^Marked increase, 1910 to 1920, probably duo mainly to Increase in garage and pipe-line foremen, here



Total versons 10 years of age and over engaged in each specified occupation, classified by s^, for the United States: 1910 and 1920—Continued

[The figures for 1910 for certain of the division totals and also for certain Individual occupations have been corrected to conform to the classiacation for 1920]

OCCUPATION •

Trade—Continued

Clerks In stores» Commercial travelers Decorators, drapers, and window dressers

Deliverymen» Bakeries and laundries Stores ®

Floorwalkers, foremen, and overseers Floorwalkers and foremen in stores Foremen (warehouses, stockyards, etc.)

Inspectors, gangers, and samplers

Insurance agents and officials Insurance agents Officials of insurance companies........

Laborers i n coal and lumber yards, ware-houses, etc

Coal yards Elevators Lumberyards Stockyards Warehouses

Laborers, porters, and helpers in stores.. Newsboys

Pro^rietorSj^ officials, and managers

EmploymentVfflOBkw^rsrrillll"^ Proprietors, etc., elevators Proprietors, etc., warehouses Other proprietors, officials, and man-

Beal estate agents and officials..

Retail dealers* Agricultural implements and wagons.. A r t stores and artists' materials... Automobiles and accessories Bicycles Books Boots and shoes Butchers and meat dealers-Buyers and shippers of grain Buyers and shippers of livestock Buyers and shippers of other farm pro-

duce Candy and confectionery Cigars and tobacco Carpets and rugs . . . : Clothing and men's furnishings Coal and wood Coffee and tea Crockery, glassware, and queensware-. Curios, antiques, and novelties Delicatessen stores Department stores Drugs and medicines, including drug-^gists and pharmacists D r y goods, fancy goods, and notions... Five and ten cent and variety stores... Florists (dealers)» Flour and feed

1910 1930

Total Male Female Total Male Female

387,183 163,620

5,341

229,619 24,030

205,589

20,724 17,&46 2,778

13,446 97,964 88,463 9,501

81,123 16,663 6,346

43,398 6,998 8,718

102,333 29,708

22,362 2,200 6,118 4,393

10,591

125,862

275,589 161,027

4,902

229,4€9 24,012

205,457

17,649 14,900 2,749

11,685

95,302 85,926 9,376

80,450 16,655 6,335

43,389 5,991 8,080

98,169 29,435

21,352 I,640 6,105 4,368

10V339 122,935

1,127,926 8,410 1,955 4,545 1,486 2,796

18,470 122,757 II,454 32,346

6,806 21,601 16,375 1,152

34,229 23»&42 5,112 2,298 2,377 2,313 8,564

65,414 67,321 3,294 2,627 0,363

134,978] 119,918 15,000

125,009 25,192; 11.312, 43,351 22,888 22,

4,16

16,539

2,927 149,135

1,328,275 7,789 2,646

28,768 2,221 3,035

22,544 122,105

7,305 30,464

68 7,937 1,353

86 1,044

624 239 210 358 718 406

2,161 7,962 1,037

407 106

10,640 40,091 19,141 1,132

46,653 26,656 6,044 1,618 3,353 4,333

11,752

80,167 63,909 6,963 6,746 9,309

213,521 176,514

7,69S

170,039 20,858

149,181

22,367 16,565 6,802

12,683

129,589 114,835 14,754

124,713 25,157 11,244 43,297 22,859 22,156

116,602 27,635

33,715 2,357 8,836 6,310

16,212

139,927

1,249,295 7,760 1,989

28,626 2,200 2,600

21,781 120,940

7,288 30,433

10,607 32,368 18,031 1,116

43,440 26,057 4,766 1,505 2,593 3,665

10,800

76,995 66,158 4,899 4,784 9,2121

170,397 2,806 1,155

196 30

166

4,070 4,039

31

1,031

5,083 306

35 63 54 29

710

8,405 326

1,061 669 22 43

327

78,990 29

657 142 21

435 763

31

7,723 1,110

16 3,213

278 113 760 768 953

3,162 7,751 1069

962 97

« Many of the "clerks i n stores" probably are "salesmen and saleswomen." • * Not*ot^mTse s ^ d f i ^ f ^^^ mainly to substitution of motor for horse-drawn deUvery wagons.

J Includes, also, managers and superintendents of retail stores. • Growers of flowers are shown under "Agr icu l ture," p. 61.



Total persons 10 years of age and over engaged in each specified occupation, classified by seXy for the United States: 1910 and iP^i?—Continued

[The figures for 1910 for certain of the division totals and also for certain individual occuoations have been corrected to conform to the classification for 1920]

Trade—Continued

Eetail dea lersCont inued. Fruit Furniture Furs Gas fixtures and electrical supplies-General stores

' Groceries Hardware, stoves, and cutlery Harness and saddlery Hucksters and peddlers Ice Jewelry. Junk Leather and hides Lumber M U k . . Music and musical instruments. Newsdealers Oil, paint, and wall paper Opticians Produce and provisions Rags__ Stationery., Other specified retail dealers. Not specified retail dealers

Salesmen and saleswomen Auctioneers. Demonstrators Sales agents Salesmen and saleswomen (stores)

tlndertakers Wholesale dealers, importers, and ex-

porters

Other pursuits (semiskilled) Fruit graders and packers Meat cutters Packers, wholseale and retail trade Other occupations

PubHe senrice (not elsewhere clawi-fled)

Firemen (fire department) Guards, watchmen, and doorkeepers

L^orers (public service) Garbage men and scavengers Other laborers

Marshals, sherifis, detectives, etc Detectives Marshals and constables Jobat ion and truant officers Sheriffs

Officials and Inspectors (city and county). Officials and inspectors (city) Offiaals and inspectors (county).

Officials and inspectors (state and tTnited States) '

Officials and inspectors (state) Postmasters Other United States officios

195,432 39,663 7,541

80,415 7,361

29,962 15,219 2,475

27,250 14,694 5,222 7,075 6,818 6,284

29.639 1,975 5,823

38,612 45,621

921,130 3,990 4,380

35,522 877,238

20,734

51,048

41.640 4,715

15,405 13,401 8,119

459,291

35,606 78,271

67,234 4,227

63,007

23,599 6,349 9,073 1,043 7,134

52,254 33,210 19,044

52,926 7,202

27,849 17,875

61,980 77,153

1910 1920

Total Male Female Total Male Female

663,410 3,985 1,250

31,424 626,751

19,921

50,123

34,068 2,677

15,378 10,392 5,621

Policemen Soldiers, sailors, and marines»

J Includes, also, managers and superintendents of retail stores. ' Includes only those resident i n continental United States at the date of the enumeration.

35,606, 78,168

66,505 4,227.

62,278

23,219 6,162 9,071

855 7,131

49,668 32,199 17,469

43,389 6,662

19,127 17,600

61,980.. 77,153 ..

1,281 170 687

1,746 4,128

257,720 5

3,130 4,098

250,487

23,385 26,013 4,789 4,420

80,026 239,236 41,144 2,706

50,402 8,203

21,433 22,749 4,350

27,687 13, m 7,909 8,474 6,577

12,632 34,473 2,024 5,951

52,681 65,728

1,177,494 5,048 4,823

41,841 1,125,782

813 24,469

925 73,574

7,572 2,038

27 3,009 2,498

67,611 8,074

22,884 19,701 16,952

445,733 13,658 770,460

188 3

2,586 1,011 1,575

9,537 540

8,722 275

50,771 115,553

106,915 5,481

101,434

32,214 11,955 6,897 2,679

10,683

55,597 33,505 22,092

80,334 9,126

31,935 39,273

22,185 25,337 4,434 4,335

76,317 216,059 40,453 2,685

48,493 8,166

20,652 22,596 4,307

27,589 12,509 7,360 7,808 6,298

11,743 32,873 1,985 5,260

49,955

816,352 5,045 1,639

40,207 769,461

23,342

72,780

52,106 4,988

22,804 13,603 10,711

748,666

50,771 115,154

105,385 5,475

99,910

30,968 11,562

h 10,627

50,748 31,918 18,830

67,944 8,596

20,727 38,621

82,120 1 81,884 225,503 225,503

1,200 676 355 85

3,709 23,177

691 21

1,909 37

781 153 43 98

595 549 666 279 889

1,600 39

691 2,726 6,245

361,142 3

3,184 1,634

356,321

1,127

794

15,505 3,086

80 6,098 6,241

21,794

399

1,530 6

1,524

1,246 393 17

780 56

4,849 1,587 3,262

12,390 630

11,208 652


62 FACTS ABOUT WORKING WOMEN

Total vcrsom 10 years of age and over engaged in cach specified occupation, dasBiJied by sextfor the United StaUs: 1010 and Continued

fTho figures for 1910 for cxirtain of tho division totals and also for certain individual occupations have been corrected to conform to the classification for 19201

cxrirPATioN

1910

Total ^ la lc Female

1930

Total Male Female

Public serrice (not eltwhere cUt t i -fled>—Continued

Other pursuits Lifo-savers LiRhthouso keepers.. Other occupations

Profesdoual serTlce

10,2fiS 2,158 um 6,517

1,693.361

10,045 2;i5S 1,652 6,335

9S9.470

223

41 182

7M,89l

21,453 2,287

17.703

1,144 2

21 1,121

Actors and showmen.. Actors ShottTnen,

Architects Artists, sculptors, and teachers of art

Authors, editors, and reporters Authors Editors and reporters... . .

Chemists, assayers, and metallurgists.... Clergj'men Cone^oj>residents and'profc^VsT

Designers, draftsmen, and inventors. Designers Draftsmen Inventors

Lai —Mans and teachers of music I.I

Osteopaths Photographers Physicians and surgeons

Teachers Teachers (athletics, dancing, etc.). . Teachers (school)

48,31« 28,297

» 20,096

16,613 34,104

33,750 4,3CS

34,382

16,273 118,018 15,6r>8 39,99 47,449 11,788 33,314 2,34

114,704 139,310

Technical engineers C iv i l engineers and surveyors... Electrical engineers Mechanical engineers» Min ing engineers

Trained nurses Veterinary surgeons I!

Other professional pursuits. Aeronauts Librarians Other occupations

Semiprofessional pursuits Abstractors, notaries, and ji isticta'of'

peacc FOTtune^^lers, hypnotiste,"VpirUu-"

Healers (exceprost^pVthsanTph^^^ dans and surgeons)

K w ^ r ^ o f charitable and penal insti-

Keci>crs of pleasure tcrorts,"ra^tracksV etc Officials o f iodgos, "s^ ie tY^reVcV" I " " Religious, charity, and welfare workers. T h ^ t r i c a l owners, managers, and of-

lidals Tiwfmen and s p o r t s m e n l l l l l l l l l l l l l l . Other occupations I "showmen" i n I9I0. 1 l^JoaDly Inc lude some teachers i n schools below cjollegiatc rank.

* lucIudcs, also, all technical engineers not elsewhere classified.

31,775 »151,132

599,237 3,931

505,306

88,755 62,033

<15,278 14,514 6,930

82,327 11,652

15,677 ( ' ) 7,423 8,254

64,036

7,445

1,600

6,834

7,491

2,929 8,215

15,970

11,322 2,744

376!

35,293 16,305

118,988

16,311 18,675

32,611 2,310

30,201

15, CM 117,333 12,710 38.743

44,437 9,211

32,923 2,303

114,146 54,832

S,811 « 142,117

121,210 2,768

118,442

88.744 52;02S

* 15,272 14,514 6,930

5,819 11,652

7,585

5,091

44,632

6,660

2,162 5,246

2,706 6,24.1 7,081

11,027 2,743

282

13.100 11,992 1 1,108

15,4

478,027 1,163

476,864

I I 5

«6

76,508

8,092 5,829* 2,263

20,394

785

1,220

4,672 2,245

223 1,970 8,889

295 1

94

2,143,889 1,127,391 1,016,408 48,172. 28,361 19,811 18,185 35,402

40,865 .6,668 34,197)

32, W1 127,270 33,407 56,152

70,651 15,410 52,865 2,376

122,519 130,265

5,030 34,259

144,977

761,766 9,711

752,055

136,121 64,6^ 27,077 37,689 6,695

149,12S 13,494

35,018 1,312

15,297 18,409

116,555 10,071

928

14,774

12,884

3,360 11,736 41,07S

18,395 1,826 1,503

33,818 15,124] 18,6&1

6 987 9,758

5a 880 2,349

120,781 57,587 3,367

27,140 137,758

116,848

136,060 64,642 27,065 37,678 6,695.

14,354 13,237 1,117

137 14,617

8,736 3,006 5,730 1,714 1,787

101075 1,829

7,664 5,652

1,738 72,678 1,663 7,119 7,219

639,241 4,054

635,207

41 18 12 11

143,664

19,273

13,502 5,763

45,929

1,483

7,902 4,931

197

371


PACTS ABOUT WOBKING WOMBK 63 Total persons 10 years of age and over engaged in each specified occupation^ classified

hy sex, for the United States: 1910 and 1920—Continued [The figures for 1910 for certain of the division totals and also for certain individual occupations have been

corrected to conform to the classification for 19201

1910

Total Male Female

Professional serrice—Continued

Attendants and helpers (professional scrv< ice)

-Dentists* assistants and apprentices... Librarians' assistants and attendants.. Physicians* and surgeons' attendants.. Stage hands and circus helpers. Theater ushers Other attendants and helpers

Domestic and personal serrice..

(») 2,0-18

4,140 6.836 2,278

0) 3,772,560

Barbers, hairdressers, and man icu r i s t s -

Billiard room, dance hall, skating, etc., keepers-

195,275

Billiard and pool room keepers Dance hall, skating rink, etc., keepers.

lOuse keepers.. Boardi] Bootblj Charwomen and cleaners

•Elevator tenders Hotel keepers and managers Housekeepers and stewards Janitors and seitons Laborers (domestic and professional serv'

ice). Launderers and laundresses (not i n laun-

dry)

Laundry operatives > Foremen and overseers -Laborers Other operatives 3

Laundry owners, officials,and managers». Managers and officials Owners and proprietors *

Midwives and nurses (not trained)-Midwives Nurses (not trained)

Porters (except in stores) Porters, domestic and professional serv-

ice..,^ Porters, steam railroad -Other porters (except in stores)

Eestaurant, caf6, and lunch-room keepers.

Servants.. Bell boys, chore b o y ^ etc" ! Butlers.. Chambermaids Coachmen and footmen Cooks Ladies' maids, valet^ etc.., Nurse maids Other servants JI

Waiters

Other pursuits Bartenders Bathhouse keepers and attendants Cemetery keepers Cleaners and renovators (clothing, etc.) Hunters, trappers, and guides Saloon keepers Umbrella menders and scissors grinders Other occupations J Comparable figures for 1910 not avaUable. > Some of the owners of hand laundries probably are included wi th laundry operatives.

507 689

6.444 2,131

(})

1,241,338

64, SW 189,273 113,081

53,480

533,697

112,264 3,071 8,786

100,407

18, (H3 2.602

15,441

133,043 6,205

126,838

84,128

54,612 17,298 12,218

60,832

1,572,225 18,329 13,168 39,789 25,667

450,440 • 24,222

1,000,610 188,293

109,119 101,234

4.595 4,842

14,860 3,887

68,21 1,053

433

172,977

15,943 13,700 2,243

23,052 14,000 7,195

25,010 50,269 15,940 91,629

50,265

13,693

35,909 1,674 5,432

17,057 2,362

14,695

15,926

15,926

84,055

54,560 17,297 12,198

fi0,3lC

262,676 17,667 13,168

187 25,667

117,004 2,436

86,547

102,495

192,931 100,984

3,125 4,811

12,215 3,840

66,724 1,016

216

2,792 3,451

392 147

(')

2,531,221 22,298

818 159 659

142,400 ao

26,839 25

14,235 173,333 21,452

3,215

520,004

76,355 1,397 3,3W

71,601

240 746

117,117 6,205

110,912

1 20

10,516

1,309,549 662

1920

39,602

333,436 21,786

914,063

85,798

6,188 250

1,470 31

2,645 47

1,491 37

217

Total Male Female

31,712 6,708 2,279 7,051 5,803 6,221 4.650

14,693 1,768 1,067

641 5,377 2,868 2,972

17,019 4,940 1,212 6,410

426 2,353 1,678

3,404,892 1,217,968 2,186,924

216,211 182,965 33,246

24,897 22,140 2,757

24,655 22,067 2,588

242 73

169

133,392 15,175 36,803 40,713 55,583

221,612 178,628

18,652 15,142 11,848 33,376 41,449 17,262

149,590

114,740 33

24,955 7,337

14,134 204,350 29,038

32,893 31,224 1,669

396,756 10,882 385,874

120,715 3,611

13,107 103,997

39,968 2,076 6,570

31,322

80,747 1,535 6,537

72,675

13,692 4,665 9,027

12,239 4,081 8,158

1,453 584 869

156,769 4,773

151,996

19,338 137,431 4,773

132,658

156,769 4,773

151,996 19,338

137,431 4,773

132,658

88,168 87,683 485

43,208 22,513 2^447

42,929 22,486 22,268

279 27

179

87,987 72,343 15,644

1,270,946 17,231 10,690 29,302 2,427

398,475 f 6,791 1 11,890

795,140

258,813 16,472 10,689

250 2,427

129,857 1,268

11 97,839

1,012,133 759

29,052

•"268,"618 4,523

11,879 697,301

228,985 112,064 116,921

84,967 26,085 2,858 5,540

21,667 7,332

17,835 917

2,733

78,475 25,976 2,032 5,496

17,094 7,28S

17,312 899

2,378

6,492 109 826 44

4,573 44

523 18

355



Total persons 10 years of age and over engaged in each specified occupaiion, classified by sex, for the United States: 1910 and Continued

[The figures for 1910 for certain of tho division totals and also for certain Individual occupations have been corrected to conform to the classification for 1920J

1910

Total Male Female

Clerical occupAtions

Agents, canvassers, and collectors Agents Canvassers Collectors

Bookkeepers* cashiers, and accountants.. Accountants and auditors Bookkeepers and cashiers

Clerks (except clerks i n stores) Shipping clerks Weighers Other clerks

Messenger, bundle, and oflQce boys and girls I

Bundle and cash boys and girls Messenger, errand, and ofDco boys and

girls»

Stenographers and typists

1 Except telegraph mcsscngeis.

1,737,053 105,127 60,785 18,595 35,747

486,700 39,239

447,461

720,498 80,353 11,504

628,581

108,035 10,806

07,169

316,693

1,143,829 96,325 48,495 13,980 33,850

299,545 35,653

263,892

597,833 78,192 10.984

508,657

96,748 4,274

92; 474

53,378

593,224 8,802 2,290 4,615 1,897

187,155 3,586

183,569

122,065 2,161

5S0 119,924

11,287 6,692

4,695

263,315

1920

Total Male Female

3,126,541 175,772 130,338 14,705 30; 729

734,688 118,451 616,237

1,487,905 123,684 16,229

1.347,992

113,022 6,973

106,049

615,154

1,700,426 1,428,116

159,911 15,831 121,428 8,910 10,514 4,191 27,999 3,730

375,564 105,073 27a m

1,015,742^ 118,9 ^ 14,7

882,0

96,76! 2,5'

96,2

359,124 13,378

345,748

472,163 4,740 1,499

465,924

14,254 4,467

9,787

564,744

O


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