Facilitator Developing an Industry - Wind Energy in Germany Maria Hoeft, German WindEnergy...
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Transcript of Facilitator Developing an Industry - Wind Energy in Germany Maria Hoeft, German WindEnergy...
Facilitator
Developing an Industry - Wind Energy in GermanyMaria Hoeft, German WindEnergy Association (BWE)23 November 2015, Ho Chi Minh City
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Facilitator
1. BWE at a Glance2. Status of Wind Energy and Industry in Germany3. The Renewable Energy Act (EEG)4. Outlook
Agenda
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German Wind Energy Association (BWE) at a Glance
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About the BWE
• One of the largest associations in the field of renewable energies (more than 20,000 members)
• Political work on national/federal and regional level
• Partner of 1,100 companies (manufacturers, suppliers, project planners and experts) and of 2,200 operating companies
• Member of other associations and committees on international level (EWEA, EREF, GWEP and WWEA)
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Regional Associations
• 13 federal state associations and 41 regional associations
• Intensive networking, consultancy and local support
• Regional exchange between economy and politics
• Parliamentary events
Source: BWE
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Committees and Working Groups
CommitteesExperience and know how
• Investment• Operator and operator
forums• Plant management• Financing• Manufacturers and
suppliers• Law• Planning• Expert• Site review• Science
Working GroupSpecial issues
• Aviation obstruction markers
• Foundations• Radar• Public relations• Nature conservation &
wind energy• Grids• Rotor blade• Continued operation of
WTG's• Market transformation
Forum of Operators
• Forum independent maintenance
• Enercon• NEG-Micon• Nordex• Senvion• Siemens Wind Power• Vestas
Source: BWE
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Status of Wind Energy and Industry in Germany
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Wind Energy Deployment in Germany
2013 2014 1/2015
Total installed capacity in MW 33,729 39,165 39,208.94
New installed capacity in MW 2,998 4,914.81 1,185.49
Number of WEP (cumulated) 23,645 25,125 25,152
Repowering (decommissioned) in MW 257 364.35 92.28
Repowering (newly erected) in MW 766 1,148 119.4
New installed WEP (gross) 1,145 1,908 443
Energy production by wind in bn kWh 51,7 56*
Share of wind energy in electricity consumption 8,6 9,7*
Source: Deutsche WindGuard, 2014 | BMWI, 2015 | AG Energiebilanzen e.V., 2014 | * based on provisional data
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Annual installed capacity in MW (gross/without Repowering)
Wind Energy Deployment in Germany
Source: Deutsche WindGuard, 2012 – 2014 | DEWI 2009 - 2011
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Technology Development
2014201320122011201020092008200720062005200420032002200120000
250
500
750
1,000
1,250
1,500
1,750
2,000
2,250
2,500
2,750
2,690
Average WEP configuration in kW
Source: Deutsche WindGuard, 2012 – 2014 | DEWI 2009 - 2011
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Technology DevelopmentDevelopment of WEP configuration
Source: BWE
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Technology DevelopmentRepowering – Less wind energy turbines produce more electricity
Source: BWE
• Due to extensive research and development, wind turbine technology has made an enormous leap forward in recent years.
• A single wind turbine in the newest performance class can supply up to 4,800 three-person households with clean power.
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Wind Energy Deployment in GermanyTotal installed capacity in MW and WEP 2014
Source: DEWI, 2011 | Deutsche WindGuard, 2014
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Technology DevelopmentRepowering – Less wind energy turbines produce more electricity
Source: BWE
• Due to extensive research and development, wind turbine technology has made an enormous leap forward in recent years.
• A single wind turbine in the newest performance class can supply up to 4,800 three-person households with clean power.
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Costs of Wind Energy DevelopmentInvestment costs per kW in 2012
Source: Deutsche WindGuard, 2013
WEP (main investment costs)FoundationGrid Access
DevelopmentPlanning
Others
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Costs of Wind Energy DevelopmentDevelopment of main investment costs in €/kW
Source: Deutsche WindGuard, 2013
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Costs of Wind Energy DevelopmentDevelopment of additional investment costs in €/kW
Source: Deutsche WindGuard, 2013
Foundation Grid access Development Planning TotalOthers
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Levelized Electricity Generation Costs 2012
Source: Deutsche WindGuard, 2013
Levelized electricity costs in €/MWh
Levelized remuneration 2014 incl. SDL-bonus in €/MWh
Levelized remuneration 2014 without SDL-bonus in €/MWh
€/MWh
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Socio-economic Costs
Source: Forum Ökologisch-Soziale Marktwirtschaft e.V. (FÖS), 2012/13, https://www.wind-energie.de/sites/default/files/download/publication/full-costs-power-generation/bwe_greenpeacestudie_engl_02-2013_final.pdf
External costs of nuclear energy
Not internalised external costs
State support with budget effects (A+B)
Electricity price (spot market/EEG tariff)
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Wind Industry in GermanyEmployment, investment, added value and export
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Employment in Renewable Energies
Source: GWS 2014 and 2011/2012
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Added Value Wind Energy Onshore 2012
Source: DIW Econ, 2014
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Added Value Wind Energy Onshore 2012
Source: DIW Econ, 2014
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Investment in Wind Energy
Source: Deutsche WindGuard, 2012 – 2014 | DEWI 2009 – 2011 | ‘Global Trends in Renewable Energy Investment 2015’ Report (GTR)
Worldwide and in Germany in bn EUR
2014201320122011201020090
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
3.452.572.241.762.17
69.94
31.98
38.6834.7534.29
34.07
in Germany Worldwide (without Germany)
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Export Shares of German OEMs
Source: DEWI 2011 | Deutsche WindGuard, 2013
Export rate and domestic use in percent
201220112010200920082007200620050
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
676666
758183
7471
333434
251917
2629
Export rate Domestic use
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Success by reliability
Renewable Energy Act (EEG)
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The Evolution of the EEG1991 Electricity Feed-in Law (Stromeinspeisegesetz) 1997 Amendment of the Building Code – WEP qualify as privileged building projects1998 Kyoto Protocol – 21% CO2 reductions1998 German Energy Industry Act (EnWG) – power market liberalisation (implementation of European legislation)
2000 Renewable Energy Act (EEG) – priority dispatch2002 Nuclear Energy Act – reducing dependence on nuclear power
2004 1st amendment of the EEG2005 European Emissions Trading System (ETS)
2009 2nd amendment of the EEG – FiT’s, binding targets (implementation European legislation, 20-20-20 targets)
2010 /11 “Energy Concept” – nuclear phase out by 2022
2012 3rd amendment of the EEG – reference yield model2014 4th amendment of the EEG – market integration2015 Electricity Market 2.0 – making markets fit for RES, RES fit for markets
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Key Aspects of the EEG until 2014
• Fixed remuneration for fed-in electricity (for 20 years)• Guaranteed grid access• Priority feed-in
successful instrument for the implementation of renewable energies
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The EEG Mechanism
Source: BWE
RES generator
grid operator consumer
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EEG 2014 – What has been changed?
Source: BWE
Amendments compared to the EEG 2012
Amendments
• Grid connection, technical/operational provisions• „Green electricity privilege“• Reduction of the support level• Initial rate, basic rate of remuneration, reference
yield• Trajectory and „flexible cap“ • Mandatory direct marketing • Exceptional FiT • Support reduction in case of negative prices for
six consecutive hours• Remote controlling • Plant register• Key-date regulation• Tendering
Remains
• Service bonus for old plants (start of operation before 1 January 2009)
• Feed-in management• Hardship clause• Opportunity for pro-rata direct marketing
Cancelled
• Service bonus for new installations• Repowering-Bonus for new installations• Management premium for new installations• „Green electricity privilege“
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Remuneration Wind Energy Onshore
Source: BWE
Initial & basic remuneration, reference yield starting 2014
EEG
201
2 Initial remuneration:8.93 ct/kWh
Basic remuneration:4.87 ct/kWh
Reference yield:5 (site ≥ 150 %) to 20 years (site ≤ 82.5 %) initial tariff
Calculation of duration:linear
EEG
201
4 Initial remuneration:8.9 ct/kWh
Basic remuneration:4.95 ct/kWh
Reference yield:5 (site ≥ 130 %) to 20 years (site ≤ 80 %) initial tariff
Calculation of duration:not linear
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Remuneration Wind Energy Onshore
Source: BWE
Degression after 2014
EEG
201
2 1.5 % starting 2013
EEG
201
4 Aspirated degression 0.4 % per quarter (starting 2016)
„flexible cap“ Determines degression
Publishing of the quarterly tariff: 5 months in advance (respectively)Reference period for tariff calculation:12 calender months before
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Direct MarketingNEW: Mandatory direct marketing from 1 August 2014
• Feed-in-tariff for small wind turbines and as emergency option for direct
marketing plants only
• Financial support via market premium
§Source: EEG, BWE
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Negative PricesNEW: Reduction of support in case of negative prices from 1 January 2016
§• In case of negative market prices for six consecutive hours, support prospects
reduce to zero
• excemption: WEPs with an installed capacity of < 3MW or WEPs starting
operation before 1 January 2016
Source: EEG, BWE
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Wind Energy Share in EEG Surcharge
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Development of Surcharge and Market Price
EEG surcharge
Market price
Ct./kWh
Source: CLENS, TSO, BEE, 2015
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Development of Household Electricity Prices
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Outlook
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German Renewable Energy Targets
• Reduction of emissions compared to 1990• 40 percent until 2020• 80 – 95 percent until 2050
• Share of renewable energies in total energy consumption• 18 percent until 2020
• Share of renewable energies in gross electricity consumption • 35 percent until 2020• 40 – 45 percent until 2025• 55 – 60 percent until 2035
Source: EEG
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Status QuoShare of renewable and wind energy in final energy consumption in percent
2014201320122011201020092008200720062005200420032002200120000
5
10
15
20
25
30
9.7
1.8
27.8
6.7
Wind Energy Renewable EnergiesSource: AG Energiebilanzen, 2015
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Future Prospects
2017
EEG 2000
?Tendering
What will the future bring?
Source: BWE
EEG 2012
EEG 2014
2012
2014
2016
Obligatory direct marketing
Facilitator
Questions?Thank you for your attention!Bundesverband WindEnergie e.V. T +49 (0)30 / 21 23 41 - 246Neustädtische Kirchstraße 6 F +49 (0)30 / 21 23 41 - 41010117 Berlin [email protected]
www.wind-energie.de