Facilitation techniques for Effective ScrumMasters
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Transcript of Facilitation techniques for Effective ScrumMasters
FACILITATIONTECHNIQUES FOR
EFFECTIVE SCRUMMASTERS
ABOUT US
Marcos Garrido
Rafael Sabbagh
UNDERSTANDING THE FACILITADOR'S
ROLE
Goal: analyse, discuss and define the facilitator's role.
Each group must fill the flipchart, covering the following four quadrants:
IS
ISN'T
DOES
DOESN'T
Time: 8 minutes
EXERCISE - GROUP DISCUSSION
FACILITATOR’S ROLE
"Facilitation is a process in which a person whose selection is acceptable to all members of the group, is substantively neutral, and has no substantive decision-making authority diagnoses and intervenes to help a group improve how it identifies and solves problems and makes decisions, to increase the group’s effectiveness.“
Roger Schwartz
SCRUMMASTER AS A FACILITATOR
SCRUMMASTER AS A FACILITATOR
SCRUMMASTER FACILITATOR
S"mulates team's autonomy
S"mulates team's effec"veness
Creates visibility to team's problems
Guides the team to improve their processes
Does not influence team’s decisions
Does not represent/manage the team
EXERCISES
SIMULATIONS
• Your group is a Scrum Team;
• Each participant will receive a specific set of instructions to follow;
• Don’t show your instructions to anyone!
SIMULATION 01
SIMULATION 01 - INSTRUCTIONS
Setup:
• Your group must define who will facilitate the session;
• The facilitator’s goal is to help the team to solve their problem in an effective way;
• Don’t forget your instructions;
• The following session is a Sprint Retrospective;
• Time: 6 minutes
SIMULATION 01 - BRIEFING!
• This is a Sprint Retrospective meeting;
• Dev Team didn’t meet the Sprint Goal;
• Dev Team members struggled with a lot of questions about the product;
• A new dev was hired, but he felt lost throughout the Sprint;
• Product Owner didn’t show up throughout the Sprint, but he was very upset because team didn’t meet the Sprint Goal.
SIMULATION 01 DEBRIEFING
DYSFUNCTIONAL BEHAVIORS
DYSFUNCTIONAL BEHAVIORS
• Behaving in a way to - intentionally or unintentionally - express discontent with:
!• the subject of the discussion; • the pace of the session; • other external factors.
DYSFUNCIONAL BEHAVIOR
Arriving late, leaving early
Silence, lack of par"cipa"on
Folded arms, facing door or windows
Side conversa"ons
Doing other work in session
Nega"ve physical reac"on to a discussion
audible sighs of displeasure
Nega"ve comments about a par"cipant
Verbal aGack directed to a par"cipant
Leaving the room in disgust
Physically aGack someone
Degree of the Dysfunc;on
Severity of th
e Disrup
;on
TOP 7 DYSFUNCTIONS
• The Dominator: has all the answers
• The Invisible Man: no one knows he’s there
• The Multitasker: doing something else
• The Tangent Talker: any but the main subject
• The Joker: draws all the attention to himself
• The Attacker: everything is personal
• The Fence Sitter: goes with the flow
TOP 7 DYSFUNCTIONS
Group Discussion:
• each group selects a dysfunction;
• as a facilitator, what actions/steps would you take to prevent and/or deal with the dysfunction?
TOP 7 DYSFUNCTIONS
• The Dominator: has all the answers
• The Invisible Man: no one knows he’s there
• The Multitasker: doing something else
• The Tangent Talker: any but the main subject
• The Joker: draws all the attention to himself
• The Attacker: everything is personal
• The Fence Sitter: goes with the flow
TOP 7 DYSFUNCTIONS
SIMULATION 02
DINÂMICA 02 - INSTRUÇÕES
Setup:
• Each group must define a new facilitator;
• The facilitator’s goal is to help the team achieve consensus in an effective way;
• Forget your previous instructions - Get new ones!
• The following session is a Budget Meeting;
• Time: 6 minutes
SIMULATION 02 - BRIEFING
The Dev Team's got a limited budget to invest on an action plan to improve its own knowledge.
There are many options. Here’s a few suggestions:
- technical trainings; - Agile conferences; - buy a new tool; !Team members: choose an option and try to convince others
Facilitator: do your job :-)
SIMULATION 02 DEBRIEFING
REACTING Q U E S T I O N S
REACTING QUESTIONS
Michael Wilkinson
REACTING QUESTIONS
Michael Wilkinson
SIMULATION 03
SIMULATION 03 - BRIEFINGProblem: The marketing campaign management system
• No reports module
• New campaigns created: requests for follow up reports accumulate
• Every new request = unplanned and urgent work for the Dev Team to manually generate the report
!
Dev Team met to resolve the problem. But no consensus on which solution to choose.
Two possible solutions…
SIMULATION 03 - BRIEFING
Option A Option B
Details Keep the manual reporting process (by scripts)
Build a new plataform to support and deliver reports
automatically
Advantages
Small adjustments in existing scripts are made
and a new report is created in 30 minutes
Ceases once and for all the unplanned urgent tasks that disrupt the Dev Team's
work
DisadvantagesGenerates unplanned and
urgent work for the Dev Team
The team estimated the work needed to create the
reporta module in 2 months
SIMULATION 03 DEBRIEFING
CONSENSUS B U I L D I N G
CONSENSUS
Everyone believes this decision is the best option among others
WHAT CONSENSUS REALLY IS
Ok, it’s not my first option, but I can live with that!
I’ll support it.
DISAGREEMENT LEVELSLEVEL 3
Outside factors (personal issues -‐ past history) Possible solu"on: call for a break and talk to the people involved.
LEVEL 2 They have different values or experiences
Possible solu"on: make sure everyone’s on the same page
LEVEL 1 They are not listening to each other
Possible solu"on: address the dysfunc"onal behaviors
TECHNIQUES
- Majority voting / Dot voting;
- Buy a decision;
- Planning Poker / Five Fingers;
- Strengths and Weaknesses;
mor
e di
scus
sion
No discussions = poorer solutions (and poorer support)
WRAPPING UP
Let's review the Facilitator role