The Effectiveness of Facebook as Perceived by its Fans An ...
facebook of the city is its information
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THE FACE OF CITY IS ITS INFORMATION
Herman Haken, Juval Portugali
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CONTENTS
• Introduction to Authors• Aims of the article• Meaning of the City• SIRN• Gibson's Affordances• Shannon’s Theory• Shannon’s theory and application
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Authors
Prof.Herman Haken• Born on 12th July 1927 in
Leipzig, Germany.• He is physicist and
professor emeritus in theoretical physics at the University of Stuttgart.
• He Is known as the founder of synergetic.
Prof.Juval Portugali• PhD, Professor of Human
Geography.• Head of the ESLab
(Environmental Simulation Laboratory)
• Head of the Environment, Society and planning Graduate Program
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•SIRN – (Synergetic Inter Representation Networks)•Gisbon’s Notion of Affordances•Shannon’s Information Theory•Meaning of the city
What it is in the external representation of city that makes it imaginable?What it is in the internally represented face of the city that makes it more legible?
AIMS OF THE ARTICLE
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FACE AND CITY
• Mouth & eyes attract our attention first. • City elements attract our attention first. ( Landmarks, Nodes)• Face shows internal state of mind. ( sad, happy)• Internal representation of city given via its external elements.( Performance of dwellers & designers)
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Cognitive mapping
External representation of
the city
Internal represenation of the city
MEANNING OF THE CITY
Lynch’s elements• Paths• Nods• Edges• Districts• landmarks
Performances ,activities aspectsfunctionalities of its people & designers
Internal representation of city is shown via external elements
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Gibson's Affordances• Different Elements in environment affords different activities
to different animals by the virtue of its property.• A chair’s affordance “to sit” results from a bundle of
attributes, such as “flat and hard surface” and “height”, • A certain element in a city due to its importance affords
Remembering.
The handles on a tea set provide an affordance for holding because the handle is curved and smooth.
Parliament building affords remembering because of the political ,cultural and other values associated with it.
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Lynchian’s Five Elements
• Paths• Edges• Districts• Nodes• Landmarks
These are elements of Geographical appearance
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Paths
Paths- are channels along which an observer moves. Paths are streets , roads, railways and transits.
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Edges
EDGES- They are elements not used as paths by an observer. They are building walls, shores, railway cuts. They break the continuity.
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Districts
Districts- are the medium to large section of city which observer mentally enters insides of and have a common identifying character.
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Nodes
Nodes- are strategic point to which the observer can enter and intensive foci to and which he is travelling. They may be junction or concentrations.
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Landmarks
Landmarks- are external point of reference. They are physical objects-buildings, sign or a store.
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Robin’s memory stones
Julliet Balcony in Verona
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Dolorosa old city in Jerusalam
Bodhgaya Temple in north India
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Legibility of landscapes
It is the ease with which its parts can be identified and organized into an understandable pattern.A legible city is one whose districts, landmarks, paths and nodes would be easily identifiable and can grouped into a pattern.
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Key words
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SIRN A concept that explain the internal functionality of mind. SIRN= What we see+ what we understand.
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1. Intra – Personal 2. Inter – Personal
3. Interpersonal with a common reservoir
Sub modules Of
SIRN
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Mental/cognitive Mapping
A cognitive map is a type of mental representation produced by an individual based on what he/she sees and what he/she perceives.
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• Cognitive Mapping Process
• Slaving Principle
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• Application of
• SIRN Model in City
planning.
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Information
Shannon's Information
• Quantitative Measure for information content of an object.
• Information content as shown by the formula:
I=Log2Z, where
I= information Z= no of possibilities
Semantic Information
• Meaning attached to an object by the virtue of its value.
• Depends on individuals perception of the world.
Data that are accurate ,specific , organized for a purpose, presented within a context that gives it meaning and relevance, and can lead to an increase in understanding .
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Values
Places are more legible due to the values/importance associated with it. It is of:
• Geometrical value• Symbolic value• Cultural value• Personal value
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VALUES
• Geometrical value
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VALUES
• Symbolic value
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VALUES
• Cultural value
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VALUES
• Personal value
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Shannon's Theory• I = log2 Z, I = Information(bits) Z = All the possibilities It represents the information quantitatively.
1 Pattern1Meaning
Z=1 I = log2 1
I = 0
1 Pattern4Meaning
Z=4 I = log 2 4
I = 2
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I=low
I= Relatively Moderate
I=Relatively High
Shannon's Theory in Housing.
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I=4 Less legible , easy to memorize
I>4 More legible, hard to memorize
Street like new york Street like Venice
STREET PATTERNS
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CONCLUSION
What it is in the external representation of city that makes it imaginable?What it is in the internally represented face of the city that makes it more legible?
THEY CARRY INFORMATION.
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PHOENIX GROUP