Fabric and Frunishing

8/12/2019 Fabric and Frunishing

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/fabric-and-frunishing 1/18

FABRIC AND FRUNISHING

(For Interior Design)

BY : KISHORE SHAKAYAWAR, 101110043

SUBMITTED TO : Dr. SUPRIYA VYAS

Maulana Azad National Institute of Technology, Bhopal – 462051 (M.P.) INDIA

(Estd. By MHRD, Government of India)

Ph: +91 755 4051000, 4052000 Fax: +91 755 2670562

Email: [email protected] Web: www.manit.ac.in

mailto:[email protected]



http://www.manit.ac.in/







ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

The Author wishes to thank Dr. Supriya Vyas for her assistance in reviewing

and commenting on this document in whole or in part. Special thanks to Ajay

Jadhav, Ashutosh Chouhan, which provided a fertile feedback on term paper.

The opinions and statements in this paper are totally based on cyber survey

and literature survey.

Cover page by Ajay Jadhav. Acknowledgement



CONTENTS

Background

Abstract

Aim

Objective

Scope and Limitations

Introduction

Chapter 1- Furnishing

Chapter 2- Fabrics

Chapter 3- Interior furnishing styles

Chapter 4- Victorian style

Conclusion

Reference/Bibliography



BACKGROUND

An earthling always seeks a comfortable habitat for their

accommodation. But human being is having a nature of customizing his

surrounding space according to his likeness. This personalization of spacedevelops a sense of belongingness in human. This is from where the idea of

interior design may have developed.

ABSTRACT

Fabrics provide a material for interior decoration and furnishing.

Different verity, color and textures in fabrics and furnishing provide a wide

range of combinations which can be used for customization of interior space.

Fabrics can be natural or artificial on the basis of their production. Fabrics are

used at different places with in different manners.

This paper is intends to study different types of fabrics and furnishing

available in production and their properties. This paper also covers different

styles of fabric and furnishing in interior design.

In textile industries there are countless no. of fabrics are available which

can be used for furnishing of interior spaces. This discussion limited to

introduction and characteristics only. No detailing will be part of discussion.



AIM

Design interior of a building by using fabric and furnishing.

OBJECTIVES

To understand the different fabrics and their characteristics

To document the different types of furnishing in interior design

To understand the furnishing style and different types of furnishing

To understand Victorian style of furnishing

SCOPE AND LIMITATIONS

Study will be based on data available on internet and literature survey.

The topic would cover only interior design part of residential setup.

No construction detailing of doing furnishing would be a part of study.



INTRODUCTION

Furnishing is a reflection of owner’s personality. Furnishing includes

everything that user put into his home including furniture, the fabric for the

curtains and cushions, the decorative items used to embellish your home etc.Some of the furnishing can be purely decorative or can be symbolic of

something important to user or could be something that is of religious

importance to user. The type of lighting used also influences the kind of style

that designer intends to create.

There are different types of home furnishing styles like cottage style, Victorian

style, Mediterranean style, and modern style etc. one could even combine

various styles and create a new one to suit his needs.



FURNISHING

Freedictionary.com defines furnishing as:

fur·nish·ing (fûr′nĭ -shĭng)

n. 1. A piece of equipment necessary or useful for comfort or convenience.2. Furnishings The furniture, appliances, and other movable articles in ahome or other building.3. Furnishings Wearing apparel and accessories.

There are different objects available which can be used as furnishing material

for a space.

Lamps, covered under furnishings or lighting.

Clothes valet

Tatami, mats used for sitting

Curtain, also called drapes.

Ottoman, is a piece of furniture consisting of a

padded, upholstered seat or bench

Carpet, is a textile floor covering consisting of an upper layer of "pile"

attached to a backing. The pile is generally either made from wool or a

manmade fiber such as polypropylene, nylon or polyester and usually

consists of twisted tufts which are often heat-treated to maintain their

structure.

Curtain ring, is a small clip designed to hold a curtain in place. As their

principal purpose is to hold up curtains of all types, examples of their use

can be found on shower curtains and other types of curtains.

Cushion, is a soft bag of some ornamental material, stuffed with wool,

hair, feathers, polyester staple fiber, non-woven material, or

even paper torn into fragments. It may be used for sitting or kneeling upon,

or to soften the hardness or angularity of a chair or couch.

Mini blind, is a type of horizontal window blind made of long, narrow

slats held together by string. Its slats are less than half the width of a

regular venetian blind, and are usually made of aluminum, measuring

15mm or 25mm. The slats are opened and closed by rotating a rod or by

directly pulling a string, and they are raised and lowered by pulling other

strings.



FABRICS

Fabrics for curtains, seat covers, or squab seating should be chosen to

harmonies with the overall scheme and the colors chosen for walls and floors.

Again, it is best to look for woven fabrics with texture and possibly self-color

motifs to lend life and movement without introducing shiny weaves,

pronounced patterns or inappropriate designs such as Renaissance scrolling

in a Gothic interior. There is a huge range of good fabrics available today and

there is no need to automatically consider red or blue velvet as the only

option.

DIFFERRENT TYPES OF FABRICS

Acetate. The characteristics of acetate are: less fiber strength when compared

with

other fibers, low cost, resistant to moths and other household pests, a

tendency to discolor

from mildew and bacteria, and a tendency to weaken from prolonged

exposure to sunlight.

Cleaning considerations are: petroleum products used in dry-cleaning do not

damage fibers;

organic solvents such as acetone, phenol, alcohol, chloroform, nail polish

remover, and some

perfumes destroy fiber; and acids weaken fiber.

Cotton. The characteristics of cotton are: dyes easily; burns readily and

quickly;

exposure to sunlight causes the fiber to yellow; low resilience; and damaged

by mildew and

bacteria. Cleaning considerations are: resistant to alkalis in most detergents;

strong acids

destroy fiber; and resistant to most dry-cleaning solvents.

Flax (linen). The characteristics of flax are: strong fiber; wrinkles easily

unless

finished; weakened by sunlight; damaged by mildew when exposed to a

humid environment;



and dyes easily. Cleaning considerations are: resistant to alkaline solutions

found in most

detergents; and excellent resistance to dry-cleaning solvents.

Leather. The characteristics of leather are: heat sensitive; darker colors maybleed;

and absorbs body oils readily. Cleaning considerations are: dry-cleaning

solvents remove

Natural oils, disturb finish, and produce lighter-colored areas; should be

cleaned with good

Commercial leather cleaner; becomes sticky when furniture polish, oil, and

varnish are

Applied; and damaged by detergents or other stain-removal agents.

Nylon. The characteristics of nylon are: good resistance to abrasion; excellentstrength

and wearability; good recovery from creasing or wrinkling; low moisture

absorption;

accumulates static electric charges; damaged by sunlight; and water repellent.

Cleaning

considerations are: alkalis have little effect; acids such as formic, hydrochloric,

nitric, and

sulfuric cause immediate disintegration; and dry-cleaning solvents have little

effect on thefiber.

Olefin. The characteristics of olefin are: resists soiling; retains oil and grease;

low

moisture absorption; heat sensitive; strong; light weight; hard to dye;

degraded by sunlight;

color-fast; abrasion resistant; long wearability; resists mildew and rot; and

holds no attraction

to moths or other insects. Cleaning considerations are: may be bleached;should not be dry-cleaned

or machine washed; shrinks when exposed to warm temperatures; and highly

resistant

to alkalis and acids.



Polyester. The characteristics of polyester are: resilient; retains oil and

grease; tends to

pill; low moisture absorption; resists abrasion; damaged by exposure to sun

light; unaffected

by mildew and insects; generally resistant to wrinkling; and prolongedexposure to sunlight

weakens the fiber. Cleaning considerations are: good resistance to weak

alkalies and acids

except for hydrochloric and sulfuric acids; not damaged by oxidizing agents or

bleach; not

damaged by chemicals used in cleaning and stain removal except for hot meta-

cresol and

phenol with trichlorophenol and tetrachlorethane; and not damaged by soaps

and synthetic

detergents.

Rayon. The characteristics of rayon are: dyes easily; tends to shrink; high

moisture

absorption; low cost; deterioration occurs when exposed to sunlight; and fiber

weak when

wet. Cleaning considerations are: resistant to household detergents and

chemicals; resistant to

dry-cleaning solvents and stain removing agents; damaged by chlorine and

peroxide bleaches;and degraded by concentrated acids.

Vinyl. The characteristics of vinyl are: sensitive to abrasion such as heavy

rubbing;

oils from the body can cause it to crack and harden; melts when exposed to

heat; and stretches

unless another fabric is attached to the back. Cleaning considerations are: dry-

cleaning

solvents dissolve surface, cause stiffening and hardening; and unaffected bymild household detergents.



Fiber Characteristics:

Durable or Permanent Press Fabric needs little or no ironing when

properly washed and dryer dried; relatively wrinkle-free in use.

Finish tends to hold oily stains unless specially treated.Soil Release Fabric is more easily “wetted” to facilitate detergent

action in washing to release soil. Used with durable

press finish. Does not prevent stains.Water Repellant Fabric repels water and water-based stains. Does not

waterproof fabric.

Soil and Stain Repellant

Repels water and oil-based stains.Flame Retardant Ignited fabric will self-extinguish when source of flame

is removed. Requires special laundering procedure to

maintain effectiveness.Crease Wrinkle Resistant: Fabric wrinkles less than normal. Applied tocotton, linen, rayon and blends. Tends to retain oil-borne stains.

Shrinkage Control

Fabric shrinkage limited to specific amount 1 percent,2 percent, etc. Does not guarantee “No shrinkage,”

therefore, preshrink fabrics before use.

Fabric Styles

1. Classical Style2. Essential Style

3. Heritage Style

4. Modern Style

5. Techno Style

Fabric design classification

1. Pattern and floral

2. Plain / textured3. Stripes and geometricals



FURNISHING STYLES IN INTERIOR DESIGN

The first thing that needs to be done, before start furnishing house, is to

decide on a home furnishing style. Once furnishing style is decided it is easierto choose the furnishings and accessories that suit that style. Given below is a

general overview of a few homes furnishing styles:

Cottage Style:

The word cottage brings to mind a quaint little house, with a white picket

fence, tucked away in the countryside or by a lake. For this style:

Use white couches and chairs or white wicker furniture and for the

cushions use floral prints. Paint the house in pastel shades.

Use soft lighting and use dimmers if necessary.

For curtains use sheer fabric or gauze. This will create the ambience of a

cottage.

Place antique accessories around the house.

Use patchwork quilts as throws.

Mediterranean Style:

This style of home furnishing is associated with the Italian and French styles.

Use warm colors like earth colors or yellow.

Use fabric with simple patterns in blue enhanced with a little gold.

Use natural wood furniture.

Decorate with pictures of flowers especially sunflower and ships.

Oriental Style:

This style involves using simple and sleek Oriental patterns.

While trying to create this style remember less is more.

Use little furniture.

Use tables made of teak wood and lacquer and coffee tables.

Furnish with Oriental rugs, silk fabric with Oriental prints.

Use pictures of dragons, cherry blossoms and Japanese seascapes.



Traditional Style:

This style is the original classic home furnishing style, which is elegant but not

loud.

Use fabric with floral prints for curtains, cushions, couches, sheets etc.

You can use plaids and damasks for furnishing as well.

Use heavy material to make curtains.

Use mahogany for furniture.

Decorate with china, crystal.

Used framed landscapes to decorate walls.

Victorian Style:

This style is the beautiful and grand styles used in the mansions in England

during the Victorian period.

Use furniture that is small and elegant like couches and armchairs.

Use silk fabric for cushions in stripes and with simple floral patterns.

You can use velvet and rich brocades for furnishing your home.

Decorate with porcelain and dried flowers.



VICTORIAN STYLE OF INTERIOR DESIGN

Interior decoration and interior design of the Victorian era are noted for

orderliness and ornamentation. A house from this period was idealisticallydivided in rooms, with public and private space carefully separated. The

parlor was the most important room in a home and was the showcase for the

homeowners; where guests were entertained. A bare room was considered to

be in poor taste, so every surface was filled with objects that reflected the

owner's interests and aspirations. The dining room was the second-most

important room in the house. The sideboard was most often the focal point of

the dining room and very ornately decorated.

Emlem Physick Estate LOC Highsmith



The choice of paint color on the walls in Victorian homes was said to be

based on the use of the room. Hallways that were in the entry hall and the

stair halls were painted a somber gray so as not to compete with the

surrounding rooms. Most people marbleized the walls or the woodwork.Also on walls it was common to score into wet plaster to make it resemble

blocks of stone. Finishes that were either marbleized or grained were

frequently found on doors and woodwork. "Graining" was meant to imitate

woods of higher quality that were more difficult to work. There were

specific rules for interior color choice and placement. The theory of

“harmony by analogy” was to use the colors that lay next to each other on

the color wheel. And the second was the “harmony by contrast” that was to

use the colors that were opposite of one another on the color wheel. There

was a favored tripartite wall that included a dado or wainscoting at the

bottom, a field in the middle and a frieze or cornice at the top. This was

popular into the 20th century. Frederick who created linoleum in 1863

created the process for embossing semi-liquid linseed oil, backed with

waterproofed paper or canvas. It was called Lincrusta and was applied

much like wallpaper. This process made it easy to then go over the oil and

make it resemble wood, leather or different types of leather. On the ceilings

that were 8–14 feet the color was tinted three shades lighter than the color

that was on the walls and usually had a high quality of ornamentation

because decorated ceilings were favored.

Lanhydrock House, Drawing Room

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lincrusta






Color: Victorian interior design should have rich dark colors of

burgundy, plum, ruby, emerald, forest greens and navy will work well.

You can tone in gold to give your look that edge of indulgence.

Walls: from the 1840's wallpaper was in mass production and was commonly

applied to a section of the wall. Usually installed from the skirting/base board

up to a dado rail or higher to picture rail height. This is perhaps something

you could add into your space.

Floor: choose either good quality, mid toned floor boards or parquet

flooring with interesting, large rugs similar to what is shown in the above

image or go really authentic and select a pattern carpet. The trick would be to

leave a border around the edges showing polished floor boards or perhaps

your border could be color matched to your inner section but it should beplain. No pattern.

Textured wall surfaces. Scalloped shingles, patterned masonry or half-

timbering are commonly used to dress up Victorian siding.

Decorative trim. Commonly called "gingerbread," Victorian homes are

usually decorated with elaborate wood or metal trim

Victorian Master Bed And Chairs With Exotic Dressing Mirror

http://www.interiordesignipedia.com/color-schemes.html

http://www.interiordesignipedia.com/home-decor-wall-art.html

http://www.interiordesignipedia.com/floor-decor.html

http://www.interiordesignipedia.com/wood-flooring-decor.html




http://www.interiordesignipedia.com/floor-decor.html

http://www.interiordesignipedia.com/home-decor-wall-art.html

http://www.interiordesignipedia.com/color-schemes.html



CONCLUSION

After this study one can conclude that When someone get into home

furnishing One is getting it upon himself to beautify his holy area and to

create it his own. Home Furnishing is a most important ingredient of dream

home. Nearly everyone even spend huge amounts of money on home

furnishings so that they can make their homes seem tempting, attractive and

striking. lots of verities are available like bedding items, Furniture, Idols, Mat,

Mural, Paintings, Photo Frames, Showpieces, Table Clock, Wall Decor, Wall

Clock etc.



BIBLIOGRAPHY & REFERENCES

Floor & Furnishings (I) Pvt. Ltd.

http://tlc.howstuffworks.com

http://aces.nmsu.edu

http://www.nmhomeofmyown.com/maintaining/interior

http://www.teonline.com/knowledge-centre

Fabric and Frunishing

Documents

Transcript of Fabric and Frunishing