F Solid Solutions

8/3/2019 F Solid Solutions

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Solid Solutions

Prof. H. K. Khaira

Professor, Deptt. of MSME

M.A.N.I.T., Bhopal


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Phases in Metals

Phase: a state of matter that is uniformthroughout in chemical composition andphysical state. (Gibbs)

It is a physically distinct and mechanicallyseparable mass of matter.


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Phases in Metals

The following phases may be present inmetals in solid state.

1. Solid solution

2. Intermetallic compound


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Phases in Metals

Solid solution - When in a solid, the atomsof solute are present in the lattice of thesolvent, it is known as solid solution.

Intermetallic compound a compound formedby two or more metals such as AlLi.


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Solid solution

When in a solid, the atoms of solute are presentin the lattice of the solvent, it is known as solidsolution.

solid-statesolution of one or more solutes in asolvent.

It is considered a solution rather than acompound when the crystal structure of thesolvent remains unchanged by addition of thesolutes.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solidhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phase_(matter)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solutionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solublehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solventhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemical_compoundhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crystal_structurehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crystal_structurehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemical_compoundhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solventhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solublehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solutionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phase_(matter)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solid


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The solid solutions can be of two types.

1. Substitutional solid solution 2. Interstitial solid solution


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Substitutional solid solution

When the atoms of solute substitute forthe atoms of the solvent in its lattice, thesolution is known as Substitutional solid

solution.

The solute may incorporate into thesolvent crystal latticesubstitutionallybyreplacing a solvent particle in the lattice.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crystal_latticehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Substitutionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Substitutionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crystal_lattice


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Substitutionalelement replaces host atomsin its lattice



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Substitutional solid solutions can be of twotypes

1. Ordered solid solution

2. Disordered solid solution


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Ordered solid solution

If the atoms of the solute occupy certainpreferred sites in the lattice of the solvent,an ordered solid solution is formed. It may

ocure only at certain fixed ratios of thesolute and solvent atoms.

In Cu Au system, Cu atoms occupying

the face-centered sites and Au atomsoccupying the corner sites of the FCC unitcell.


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Ordered Substitutional solid solution

Substitutionalelement replaces host atomsin an orderly arrangement

e.g., Ni-Al, Al-(Li,Zr)

Ordered Substitutional solid solution


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Disordered solid solution

If the atoms of the solute are presentrandomly in the lattice of the solute, it isknown as disordered solid solution.

Most of the solid solutions are disorderedsolid solutions


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Interstitial solid solution

When the atoms of the solute occupy theinterstitial spaces in the lattice of the solvent, it isknown as Interstitial solid solution.

If the size of the solute is less than 40% that ofsolvent, interstitial solid solution may be formed.

The solute may incorporate into the solventcrystal latticeinterstitially, by fitting into thespace between solvent particles.

Only H, Li, Na and B form interstitial solidsolution.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crystal_latticehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interstitialhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interstitialhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crystal_lattice


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Interstitial solid solution

F Solid Solutions

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