VOLUME 92, NUMBER 18 FRIDAY, APRIL 14, 1972 MIT, CAMBRIDGE, MASSACHUSETTS FIVE CENTS

F-i

By Norman SandlerThe race for the 102 dele-

gates to the Democratic NationalConvention in July is now offic-ially off and running, with majorcandidates beginning a long lineof personal appearances in theBay State earlier this week.

The campaign for the April25th presidential primary beganWednesday, with Maine SenatorEdmund Muskie, South DakotaSenator George McGovern, andNew York Congresswomen Shir-ley Chisolm making appearancesin the Boston area, meeting withsupporters, and outlining cam-paign strategy for the two weekspreceding the primary.

All three viable candidates forthe Democratic nomination forPresident made appeals to thepopulist image, claiming grass-roots support is the thing whichwill make or break their perfor-mance in the field of twelvecandidates on the Democraticballot April 25.

ChisoslmShirley Chisolm started her

two-week campaign in Massachu-setts by addressing supporters atBoston State College Wednesdaymorning, in an emotional speechwhich drew an estimated crowdof 400 well-wishers.

Over the course of her ad-dress to the crowd and the en-suing question-answer period,Chisolm stressed the fact thatshe was what some political ana-lysts have referred to as a"freak" in American politics,challenging the heretofore whitemale institution of the Presiden-cy.

Her address centered on thecontention that she "is the only

real candidate of the people."She recounted having been bornin the ghettos of New York, andasserted that having been in afamily which was on welfare atone time, she knows the pro-blems of the minorities and thedisenchanted people of the na-tion.

Through the course of the45-minute speech, sparked by aunique emotional appeal, ac-cented by numerous ovationsfrom the crowd of supportersassembled, Rep. Chisolm re-ferred to the "fulfillment of theAmerican Dream." Not just forthe white majority, but for thewhites, the blacks, Chicanos, andAmerican Indians, she said.

"I have a gut commitment tomaking the American Dreamrn at-tainable for other people of thiscountry," she told the audience,and went on to say that "I havea gut commitment to peoplefirst in this country," supportingher contention of being the onlytrue "populist candidate."

In furthering that assertion,Chisolm claimed that she is the"only candidate not espoused byany special interest or lobbyinggroups," furthering the grass-roots theory behind her cam-paign.

She challenged the peoplepresent to examine the contribu-tion lists of the other majorcandidates, warning that manypeople would "be shocked" atwhere some of the support iscoming from.

Political expediency was thecharge the New York Congress-women used to describe the pol-itical campaigns of her Demo-· (Please turn to page 2)

By $Jn Moody"A rational man must be

free," said Professor DavidAiken, at last Tuesday'sTechnology and CultureSe m i na r, "C' ' oncepts ofRationality." Professor Aicen isthe Goldman Professor ofPhilosophy at BrandeisUniversity.

The moderator for thisseminar was Stephan Chorover,of the MIT PsychologyDepartment,. and therespondents to the presentationwere Associate Professor ofHistory Arthur D. Kaledin andProfessor of Physics Victor F.Weisskopf.

Aiken opened his talk byemphasizing the atmosphere offreedom of exchange of ideas,and by defining some terms suchas ideology. He said that his ownviews on rationality were plural-istic; that is, that he had morethan one belief. Aiken

disagreed with the theory of"logical positivism," supposedlyheld by many intellectualstoday, because of its one-sidedcharacter. This theory says thatonly matters of empirical truthor formal logic can -beconsidered rational.

James saw life as an "effortto mediate between the claimsof rationality and the demandsof what he regards asnon-rati onal or evencounter-rational." Freud, on thecontrary, incorporated thesedemands into his realityprinciple, which is directlywithin the scope of his view ofrationality. Freud saw anelement of complexity andtension in rational thought andlooked at rationality as strictly apersonal matter.

In Freud's view, the pleasureprinciple, artistic and escapistbehavior, not only does not, asin the case of James, supply.a

justification of rationality, butcontinually opposes it.

In closing, he summarizedsome of his own beliefs on thesubject. He said it is invalid tosuppose that one form ofrational action, either scientificor artistic, for example, is

Kaledin, the first respondent,addressed himself chiefly to therole of the university in thecultivation of sensibility andjudgement. He said that due tothe dominance of a particularmode of rationality, called byAiken, "corporate empirical ra-tionalism," the university todayis suffering from a "narrowing of

(Please turn to page 5j

By Stom KauffmanTomnorrow, MIT will hold its

1972 Open House, an offering of

half a gauss). Alcator, the MITexperimental Tokamak-typefusion machine now underconstruction, will also beincluded.

The Information ProcessingCenter will conduct guided tourson two floors and show threemajor systems. Large-scale batchprocessing and time-sharing willbe demonstrated. Visitors mayuse the computer terminals andmay take home souvenir Snoopyoutputs, outlined in numbers.

The production of waves andtowing model ships in a roomsize tank will highlight theO c e a n E n g i n e ce r i ngpresentations. On view at theHydrodynamics Lab will be thewave machine, used to studyvaried types of simulated waves,and the Propellor Tunnel, whichtests prop design similarly towind tunnels by forcing waterflow at up to 100 knots.

ERC and UROP areco-sponsoring a demonstrationof the production of plasmoids.These glowing balls of pureenergy are made in glass tubes ofabout a foot and they showvarying energy levels anddifferent irridescent colorsdepending on the gas fromwhich they are formed. UROPwill also display individualstudent projects in thedepartments to which they arerelated while the main displaywill have a slide show tofamiliarize visitors with theeducational opportunities ofsuch original undergraduateresearch.

vehicle design competition, andmarine science exhibits. Urbandesign, architecture, and physicslaboratories are included in theRed tour.

More specifically, manygroups have put a good deal ofeffort into preparing theirexhibits. There :lvfl non a ~V;computer that uses a speechconversion program to translatewritten commands into spokenlanguage. Its designers hope thatthe machine will eventually beused as a basis for a readingdevice that could automaticallyread back any normal boundbook inserted in its scanner.Visitors will be allowed to typein words and listen to thecomputer reading them back.

There will also be a voicespectrograph which breaks downthe components of the humanvoice into electrical impulses toconvert them into printedpatterns. As every voice isunique, these patterns can beanalyzed and compared forpurposes of identification in amanner similar to fingerprints.Guests will be able to make aprinted record of theirvoices;

At the Francis Bitter NationalMagnet Lab, visitors will witnessthe demonstration of a verypowerful carbon dioxide laser.The laser can ionize air at thefocus point of its beam to createan electric spark of four inchesdiameter. The Lab also housesthe world's most powerfulmagnet which is capable ofgenerating a field of up to5(00,000 gauss when pulsed (ascompared to the earth's field of

aity to members of the MITcommunity to learn about theInstitute and have a little fun atthe same time.

Of the guided tours, Tour 1,leaving fromn the Building 7 lob-by, will include several laser ex-hibits, the MIT Reactor, and theNational Magnet Lab. Starting inthe lobby of the Bush Building,tour 2 covers Apollo models,biological displays, and the ever-popular Strobe Lab. The thirdtour, from the Info Center,views more organic exhibits,computer Black Jack, and endsat that wonder of wonders, theGreat Sail. Toux 4, leaving fromEast Campus, covers the ERCshop, computer music andgames, and a Minuteman missileguidance computer.

There will also be four self-guided tour paths marked outfor people to follow. The Bluetour encompasses the Center forMaterials Science, including dis-plays of electron microscopy,the origin of meteorites, andshooting dice against a mini-computer. Freeze-dried coffee,test firings of model rocket en-gines, and systems dynamics areamong the highlights of theGreen tour. The Yellow courseincludes computer controlledgraphics displays, the urban

By Walter T. Middlebrook"Thie MIT community can

now nmake its contributiontowards the ecology" announcesAlpha Phi Omega (APO), ZeroPopulation Growth (ZPG), andEcology Action (EA). Theseorganizatio:4s along with P.Shaffer and Company, Inc. arenow in the process of sponsoringa recycling paper drive on theMIT campus.

The recycling project, whichis now in its third week onoperation, involves the help ofeveryone on the campus, notesAvi Ornstein, one of manystudent coordinators. "Since theproject began we've onlygathered approximately 2/2 tonsof recyclable materials. For thisto be a profitable andworthwhile project we've got toget three tons of materials perweek."

Ornstein pointed out thatpersons interested in helping theprogram may deposit magazines,newspapers, cardboard paper,and any normal wvhite paper inthe large dumpster in Kresgeparking lot. Althoughl thedumpster is now located inKresge parking lot, plans arebeing made to move it near the

Student Center to what is hopedwill be a more convenient site.

Paper could also be broughtto the ZPG and EA office in thebasement of the Student Center.He noted that these offices arenow in the process ofestablishing drop-off points ineach of the dorms, fraternities,and the offices of the Institute."We still have a lot of openingsleft and if anyone is interested inhelping out on the project, theyshould contact the EA office atx7222 or dl 9178."

Recycling programs like theone at MIT have been launchedon the- campuses of BostonUniversity and Harvard, butboth are-having troubles such asthose of MIT. For this reason,organizers are now trying to setup some type of merger amongMIT, BU, and Harvard.

Ornstein feels that althoughprogress at MIT has been slowthe volume of paper despoitedwill pick up as the programcontinues. "Everyone mustbecome conscientiously aware ofwhat we are trying to do andrealize that we need theirsupport. Our office is open from12-6 everyday and everyone iswelcome to come in and browsearound."

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PAGE 2 FRIDAY,APRIL 14, 1972 THETECH

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{Continued from page 1 )cratic opponents. The chargecame after she claimed thatwhile the other candidates areurging andsoliciting for supportin Florida and Wisconsin in thename of "party unity," she hasbeen accumulating support as a'catalyst for change" in the race

for the White House.Unfortunately, the actual

issues of the campaign were notreally raised until the question-answer period held following theaddress, which centered almostexclusively on the topic of vot-ing for "Le alternative" withinthe Democratic Party.

Once the issues were raisedby inquiring students, Chisolmsatisfied the crowd by hittingupon tax reform, welfare,- andforeign aid. Strangely, the ques-tions of busing and drug abusewere avoided, with the reasongiven that "these are not newproblemns," and Chisolm impliedthat she had attempted to swaypeople for so long on these veryissues, that she had grown waryof being asked about them.

She did, however, take defi-nite stands on foreign aid and

busing, by telling the audiencethat she would immediately "cutoff all aid to all countries gov-erned by oppressive dictator-

, -,

mination to the escalated bomb-ing of North Vietnam, setting adate for withdrawal of all UStroops, and, finally, bringing USinvolvenment in the conflict to anabsolute end within ninety daysof his assuming office.

When asked about whatmethod he will employ to termi-nate US involvement in South-east Asia, McGovern told TheTech that "It's very easy . . . justsay we're coming out of there.It'll take about rnnety days toget our forces and our prisonershome, but we'll get it done."

McGovern went on to- de-scribe his response to currentVietnam policy by blastingNixon. "It's a disaster... heshould have ended this war threeyears ago. There's nothing thathe's going to achieve in 1972'that he couldn't have achievedthree years ago with just as goodresults, and we'd have saved thelives of 20,000 Americans whohave died since he became presi-dent."

The second issue whichMcGovern considers importantin the Democratic race, and inthe race for the presidency isunemployment. This. plus theeconomy, proved to-be the in-gredient necessary in securingthe "blue-collar" working classvote in Wisconsin, and McGov-ern is hoping it will prove just assuccessful in Massachusetts.

Third, . fourth, and fifth onthe McGovern issues list wereproblems of social welfare. 'Thethird issue was that of healthcare. McGovern has announcedthat he is supporting passage ofthe Kennedy Health SecurityAct in the Senate, proposed byMassachusetts Senator EdwardKennedy. The act establishes anational comprehensive healthcare system to combat the cur-rent high and often excessivecosts of medical treatment andcare.

One of McGovern's "vote-getting" issues was next on thelist, that of tax reform. The taxTeform proposal has been re-ceived particularly well by tlteworking class, as McGovern hasassured voters that his reformswould close loopholes and raise$28 billion in additional reve-nue. The $28 billion, he main-tains, will -go to alleviate high

ships, in cluding Portugal,Greece, and Cambodia."' She al-so stated that aid would beended to all governments sup-porting racial inequality, includ-ing the Republic of South Africaand Rhodesia.

On busing, she'kept answers.short and to the point... thatall black parents should have theoption of having their childrenbused to schools which couldprovide the children with im-proved educational opportuni-ties.

McGovemSouth Dakota Senator George

McGovern, considered by mlanyto now be the front-runner inthe race for Miami, began hisMassachu$setts campaign by tell-ing newsmen that he "is theunderdog in the primary race" inthis state. He went on to tell TheTech- that he considers Maine'sEdmund Muskie to still be theman to beat in Massachusetts,even though Muskie announcedlast week that he would notcampaign actively in the state.

The Senator compared thecurrent situation he faces in theBay State with that which hehad encountered in Wisconsin amatter of weeks before. Speci-fically, he is entering the statewith two weeks left before thepresidential primary in an under-dog position (i.e. in his ownterms). He outlined the cam-paign strategy as being the sameas he employed in his sweep ofWisconsin - a "grass-roots effortwith direct contact with thevoters."

The issues surrounding thecampaignl were clearly the centerof McGovern's concern. At thetop of his list of priorities forchanges to be made was thesettlement of the war in Indo-China.

This was still the issue of theutmost importance for the can-didate who until recently wasreferred to as a "one issue, peacecandidate." He called for a ceaseto all further experiments withNixon's Vietnamizatiorn, a ter-

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PROCEDURE FOR MAKINGADDfITIONAL NOMINATIONS

..

Pursuant to Article VI, 2, of the Society's By Laws,as revised October, 1969, additional nominationsfor student directors may be made by petitionsigned by at least one hundred student membersand filed with the clerk (by leaving the petitionat the General Manager's office in the HarvardSquare Store) not later than 5 p.m., April 24,1972. A signature will be invalid unless the stu-dent designates his membership number andschool and he is currently enrolled in that school.IF A STUDENT SIGNS MORE THAN ONE PETITION,HIS SIGNATURE ON EACH PETITION WILL BEDISREGARDED.

Pursuant to Article VI, 4, additional nomina-tions for officer-alumni directors may be similarlymade by petition signed by at least one hundrednon-student members.

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will also- allow the federal gov-ernment to pay a larger share oflocal school district budgets.

The last of the "welfare"issues is that of crime and drugabuse, two subjects which theSenator said are related.

Finally, McGovern promised

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Europbebeusing GI's in offensive roles." Headded that he would end in-volvement in Southeast Asia inreturn for prisoners of war.

When asked about the ques-tion of amnesty for US draftevaders and military deserters,Muskie said that "men who fightmust believe in what they'refighting for," and that "amnestycan only come after the boys arehome from Vietnam." Muskiecommented on the role of menin the armed forces in Vietnamby saying "men in armed forcesare scapegoats of the Nixon pol-icy in Southeast Asia."

Speaking to his assembledcrowd of delegates Wednesdayevening, Muskie made it clearthat he was concerned with thestrength of the Democratic Partyin the November election, andnot his personal strength in therace for the Democratic nomina-tion.

His address to the large crowddealt with general topics facingthe delegates to the convention,rather that commenting on theissues at hand. He called uponsupporters to-lend him supportin the dissemination of his viewson the issues to the voters ofMassachusetts, and made anemotional appeal to his constitu-ents to help him communicatehis ideas to the public.

Massachusetts primary, a ratherstandard political move to avoidberig ht by the press afterprimary results do not exceedthe percentage expected.

. However, in all probabilityMuskie is entering the Massa-chusetts race as the underdog,against popular McGovern, and

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his meeting with campaign lead-ers and delegates was intendedto attempt to rectify this-situa-tion for the Maine Democrat.

a decrease in military spendingof billions of dollars. He calledfor "the elimination of waste inmilitary spending," and proposesa defense budget "based on mus-cle, rather than fat, waste, andoverkill."

McGovern's actual campaignstrategy for the next two weekshas changed somewhat since hisvictory in Wisconsin, where heproved he could rally workingclass support.

Shortly before the Wisconsinelection, he announced that inorder to concentrate on the votefrom academia, he would at-tempt to visit all the colleges hecould in Massachusetts. When

i asked about this very questionby The Tech, he stated that he

!"would absolutely campaign ac-tively for the student vote."

"We can't win without aheavy student vote in Massachu-g setts," he admitted. "I've done alot of college campaigning al-ready. I think where I need toconcentrate now is ill the fac-tories and the mills and theplants, because I have spent a lotof time on campuses over thelast few years and I think 1 nowhave to shift my major emphasisto working people."

The South Dakota Senatorstuck with his new campaignplan Wednesday through today,attempting to rally working classsupport, including a visit to aconstruction site at the future.University of MassachusettsBoston campus at ColumbiaPoint. McGovern met with con-

|struction workers, who repudi-ated the allegation that they"are all a bunch of Archie Bun-kers."

MuskiePMaine Senator Edmund Mus-

kie has admitted that he wouldnot actively campaign in Massa-chusetts, in order to spend moretime in Pennsylvania. He kickedoff his limited personal cam-paign in' the state Wednesday,taping television interviews,vying for the working class voteby visiting the Quincy shipyards,and later that evening, address-ing delegates who will run forthe National Delegation to Mi-ami pledged to Muskie.

Muskie, as McGovern, ratedhimself as the underdog in the

t

ENTER ONE, TWO,OR ALL THREEIn summarizing his campaign

for the nomination, Muskie toldnewsmen that he would focus ondelegates, competing throughthe July Convention. He claimsto still be running strong, despiterecent disappointments in Flori-da and Wisconsin, and supportsthe contention with the recentGallup Poll, which shows himahead of McGovern.

His main concern expressedwas that of the escalation of thewar. Like McGovern, he hit Pre-sident Nixon hard for the recentincrease in air activity againstNorth Vietnam, and objects "to

Enter now!Practice now!

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ENTRY DATES:APRIL 1- 13

TOIURNAMENT DATES:APRIL 19- MAY 4

Enter in games areaM I TStudent Center

The Stockholders of the Harvard Cooperative Society have nominated the following Directors:

Professor of Law Ha rvardLincoln Filene Professor ofRetailing Harvard.Business SchoolGordon McKay Professor ofMetallurgy - HarvardVice President forAdministration - HarvardAssociate Dean for StudentAffairs -- M.I.T.William Nelson CromwellProfessor of Law - HarvardExecutive Vice President andTreasurer of the AlumnniAssociation - M.I.T.Dean of the Graduate SchoolM. .T.Treasurer and Director CaveAtlantique, Cambridge, Mass.Harvard AlumnusVice President for Operations -M.I .T.Associate DeanHarvard Business School

Joseph Angland* '

Kenneth BartelsGeorge N. ByarsNancy B. GliMcherJeremy L. HalbreichErnest HallFrancis Hughes*'

Thomas R. Ittelson

David Leyton-Brown

Forrest D. MilderJames M. Ziegenmeyer

9: Now MIT '72

William D. AndrewsMElton P. Brown

Bruce Chalmers

Stephen S. J. Hall

Robert J. Holden

Louis Loss

Donald P. Severance

Irwin W. Sizer

Fred Hewitt Smith

Philip A. Stoddard

Frank L. Tucker

Harvard Law SchoolHarvard College '73Harvard 'ollege '75Radcliffe '74Harvard College '74M. I.T. '73M.I.T. Graduate SchoolHarvard Graduate Schoolof Arts and SciencesHarvard Graduate Schoolof Arts and SciencesM.I.T. '74NI.I.T. GraduateSchooi

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PAGE4 FRIDAY,APRIL 14,1972 THETECHI

Edward Dimond, manager of the StudentCenter, died suddenly on RApril 12 of a heartattack. A 25 year MIT employee, he hasbeen Student Center manager since 1966.Visiting Hours: Friday 2-4, 7-9; SalvatoreRocco ,& Sons Funeral Home, 321 Mlain Street, Eve.ett.

Continuous News Service

Since 1881Vol. XCII; No. 18 April 14, 1972

Robert Elkin '73, (ChairmanLee Giguere '73, Editor-in-chief

John Miller '73, Business ManagerSandra Cohen '73, iztnagingtor

Second-class postage paid at Boston,Massachusetts. The Techt is published twicea wveek during the college year, exceptduring college vacations, and once duringthe first week in August, by The Tech,Room W20-493, MIT Student Center, 84Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massa-chusetts 02139. T'elephone: (617) 864-6900ext. 2731 or 1541.

- ------------

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"game" atmosphere prevail. But chessitself is irrelevant academically, becausethe knowledge derived from it has no useoutside its own limited sphere. Similarly,analytic philosophers may argue theirway into a far-off land, with ho otherscholars caring what tlhey say.

An ironic reflectionIronically enough, Graves' warning had

its reflection in Carthwright's discussionof the discipline. When The Tech askedhim what philosophers considered whenevaluating a colleague's performance,Cartwright stressed, among other aspects,"sophistication." "It's kind of like a gameof chess, where you make an openingmove and the philosopher, having-seen itbefore, knows how to go about attackingit. . .

So a conflict was bound to ensue whenGraves' work came up for judgementbefore the senior faculty. Not particularlycompetent in relativity theory, they seemto have brushed aside outside commen-dations of the book to consider it onanalytic terms. Since that was not the aimof the book, it was no wonder that theyfound it wanting.

The differences in approaches did notdevelop overnight, and is not particularlysurprising in view of the history of thedepartment's development. Graves' ap-proach to philosophy was the depart-ment's approach when he first arrivedhere eight years ago, but the subsequentaddition of senior people moved thedepartment in the analytic direction. In-stead 'of the encouragement Graves re-ceived from the three professors who firstinterviewed him for the job in the middlesixties, Graves faced frustration from adepartment that has changed over hishead. Convinced, however, that the orig-inal conception of the department's roleis the most appropriate for a school likeMIT, he has stuck to his approach as itbecame more and more of an anamoly.

Academic freedom and responsibilityInevitably a discussion of the case will

involve overtones of academic freedomand responsibility. On the one hand wemust consider the right of a professor todo the research he wishes and, particu-larly in the humanities, teach his subljectson a scholarly level when a .sufficientnumber of students (who do, after all,foot the bill for the educational enter-prise) wish to hear him. On the otherhand, departments must enjoy a certainamount of freedom from intervention byoutside forces. The amount of say thatstudents and the central administrationshould have in the -runing .of a depart-ment has never been clearly set out, andthe problem is particularly acute in thecase of a young group like this phil-

By Alex Mekowski -John Graves is an assistant professor in

MIT's Department of Philosophy.John Graves is an excellent teacher. He

is popular with a wide spectrum of MIT'sstudents, and four years ago won theBaker Award for excellence in undergrad-uate education.

John Graves last year published abook-length work entitled The Concep-tual Foundations of Contemporary Rela-tivity Theory. Prefaced by Princeton Uni-versity Professor John A. Wheeler, one ofthis country's most noted theoreticalphysicists, the book has drawn muchfavorable comment from both philoso-phers and scholars in other fields.

John Graves has participated in anumber of community activities and ef-forts. Although on leave for this schoolyear, he chairs the Faculty Committee onStudent Environment. He is an enthusias-tic member and supporter of the Tech-nology and Culture Seminars group,which organizes a series of lectures anddiscussions here on campus to both inves-tigate anmd underline the interrelationshipsbetween the two spheres of science andhumanities. For six years John Graveswas resident faculty tutor in BurtonHouse, and for a similar length of time hehas served as faculty advisor to the MITtennis team.

Last week John Graves was deniedtenure by the philosophy department. Hiscontract with MIT expires next year aftereight years of service.

Every year brings a new promotioncase for MIT students serious about theireducation to anguish over. Back issues ofThe Tech offer a number of editorialpleas to students to protest the latestfiring (it's a harsh word, but that's what itamounts to) of a gifted teacher. Thenormal case would involve a young pro-fessor whose research lacked the stamp ofoutstanding excellence deemed necessaryfor MIT. Students (and sometimes otherfaculty) would point out that the manexcelled in teaching, supposedly the cen-tral purpose for the Institute, but in allbut one case in the past five years theirprotest came to naught.

A break in the trendThe case of Graves, however, marks an

important break in this years-long trend.What was at stake seems not to have beenhis professional competence, as judged bythe philosophy community, but a deci-sion by the half-dozen senior faculty inthe MIT department that his approach tophilosophy was unsatisfactory. It is ratherlike a geometry professor being told byhis superiors in the mathematics depart-ment, all of them algebraists, that hisperformance was unacceptable - notbecause his work lacked quality andexcellence, but because geometry wasinappropriate in the MIT mathematicsdepartment. So beyond the shock ofseeing MIT lose one of its most giftedyoung teachers, we must look beyond theindividual case to the ominous directionsit may indicate for future developmentsin the philosophy department (and per-haps the rest of the humanities fields aswell).

As noted earlier, Graves- would seem tosatisfy all the formal and informal, writ-ten and tacit, standards for promotion at

vMIT. The handbook Policies and Proce-dures, issued to every faculty memberupon his arrival at MIT, specifies titatcandidates for promotion shall be judgedby the triple standards of scholarly re-search, teaching ability, and communityservice. There is no doubting Graves'contributions in the latter two areas, andthe senior faculty agree that the initialreaction to his book was-favorable, even"enthusiastic" in a few cases (though theimportant reviews in scholarly journalsare not likely for at least another year).

Approach to philosophyGraves' whole approach to philosophy

meshes well with the growing interestwithin the Institute for interdisciplinarywork. His specialty-is the philosophy ofscience (his undergraduate major atPrinceton was physics), and he views hisrole as a philosopher as a continuingattempt to find within his disciplineknowledge and wisdom that may beuseful to other disciplines. At a schoolwhere the humanities department wasoriginally established to broaden the per-

spective of science and engineering stu-dents, -Graves delights in developing inthese laymen some feeling for the excite-ment and importance of philosophy.

Why, then, was Graves denied tenure?The Tech talked to Professor RichardCartwright, chairman of the department.Although-he would not disclose what hedescribed as the"confidenti al" delibera-tions of the senior faculty with regard tothis particular case, he did outline hisdepartment's general views on tenure.They are not all that much different fromthe views of other departments here --community service, for all the officialplatitudes, is all but disregarded, and thequality of the candidate's professionalwork is the prime criterion. Cartwrightdid note that, as a department almostcompletely bereft of research grants, thephilosophy group must place a greateremphasis on teaching than the moretechnical departments. But he added, thatteaching ability had not been a crucialfactor yet in any of the philosophypromotion decisions.

That leaves scholarly research as thesole contested criterion, and Graves' caseprovides a focus for a number of pen-etrating questions about the role of thephilosophy department at MIT. For thefact about philosophy that distinguishesit from most of the other disciplines atMIT is that there is no external body ofempirical evidence to appeal to for jud-ging the value of a man's work. Aphysicist's flights into theoretical specula-tion must eventually touch down- onobservations already recorded, or elselead his colleagues into new fields ofresearch. Philosophers are subject to nosuch constraints, and this important dis-tinction raises a number of problems fordiscussion about the department.

Is it worthwhile?Perhaps most important, if there is no

empirical body of knowledge to appealto, where does the outsider go for assur-ance that what the philosophers are doingis worthwhile? If phflosophy,, as some ofMIT's ptofessors would have us believe, isindependent from the work being done inother fields, does that mean a gradualisolation of .philosophers from scholars inother disciplines?

It is along these lines that the disputeabout tenure for John Graves seems to bedrawn. In spite of Cartwright's assurancesthat the department is as broad as pos-sible given its fifteen man size, the truthis that over the past few years thedepartment has been narrowing its focus.Besides becoming more pre-occupied withgraduate students at the expense of atten-tionlo undergraduates, more and more ofthe department's emphasis is on thebranch of the discipline known as analyt-ical philosophy. Though Cartwright notedthat the department's staff includes pro-fessionals whose specialties range overother parts of the subject, all but one ofthese men are only junior faculty. Thesenior faculty member, Huston Smith,has given up trying to conduct his profes-sional life here - at the end of nextschool year he will leave for Syracuse.Phenomenology, existentialism, the phil-osophy of science - none are consideredby the senior faculty to be of the sameclass as analytic philosophy.

Just what is analytic philosophy? As alayman whose- experience is limited totwo undergraduate courses, I find itdifficult to give a reasoned definition.Analytic philosophy is generally pre-occupied with the structure of argumentsrather than their actual content. Througha detailed, systematic analysis of lines ofthought these philosophers attempt toderive important understandings. It is ademanding science requiring a certainintellectual facility and cleverness, andthe literature shows a pattern of contin-ual attacks and rebuttals over structuralissues. There is certainly no external bodyof empirical evidence, and the argumentstend to be independent of the concernsof other fields, Or even the subject matterof the piece being discussed.

Must this be the extent of philosophy?Graves doesn't think so, and fears that ifthe department continues to develop inthat direction the results could be harm-ful. He likened some of analytical philos-ophy to the game of chess, an intellectualexercise where the same aspects of clever-ness, attack and counter-attack, and a

ophy department. The department devel-oped essentially free of even the super-vision b'of older members of their profes-sion.

This particular case, however, is soclear-cut that it need not wait on theresolution of these sensitive generalissues. The philosophy department mustnot be allowed. to dismiss boththe oplmions of the MIT community andthe judgements of their colleagues atother schools. And the fears ProfessorPeter Eagleson, chairman of /"the CivilEngineering department, expressed lastspring must not be allowed to materialize.On the occasion of the establishment ofphilosophy as a separate department, hewondered whether the move might notencourage people with a professional in-terest in philosophy, rather than thosewho would be willing to work with otherhumanities professors to present humani-ties to the science and engineering popu-lation that makes up such a vast majorityof MIT. If the faculty does not nowundertake a discussion of the proper roleof the philosophy department at MIT,other humanities sections may later fol-low that isolationist example. Beforelong, MIT may find it has lost the uniquehumanities approach it once enjoyed.

aImmediate actionAs for John Graves, some immediate

action is called for. Though the philos-ophy senior faculty ignored past inputsfrom students, it certainly wouldn't hurtto send a letter through interdepart-mental mail to Professor Richard Cart-wright, 14N-434. Alternatively, mail let-ters to The Tech, W20-483, and we willpresent them to the proper people. If allthe people whose education John Graveshas touched were to write a letter, itwould amount to quite a bundle.

The real -burden, however, must fallupon the faculty and the administration.Professors in other departments mustrecognize that the reputation andintegrity of their school is at stake, whilethe administration must demonstrate thatits oft-spoken emphasis on undergraduateeducation and interdisciplinary work wasmore than just a pile of empty words.

Perhaps the best way to conclude iswith the following quotation from Presi-dent Jerome Wiesner's inaugurationspeech last fall, words that succinctly sumup John Graves' past eight years at MIT(the emphasis is ours):

Thus we can respect the concept of aliberal education in a contemporarymold by integrating science and tech-nology with the study of man and hisculture. Perhaps then the history andphilosophy of science and technologywill become a significant aspect ofhumanzistic studies.

Dear Dr. Wiesner:If indeed there must be aplace to slay

the sacred cows at MIT we respectfullysuggest that a replacemnent be foundrather than our front door.

If the lobby of Building 7 is anexpression of "academic freedom" wewonder about the future of theInstitution we strive to serve. The senseof permanency and dignity originallyintroduced into Building 7 by thearchitect, Welles Bosworth, certainly hasa more important place in the MITcommunity than the rubble, litter, popart, and specious political circuses whichhold forth today at 77 MassachusettsAvenue.

I am sorry about the over-abundance, of cliches, Dr. Wiesner; however, please

excuse one more. It is possible that acasual visitor may make a judgement that"the inmates are taking over the asylum".

Jane McNabb{A copy of the preceding letter was sentto us by Ms. IMcNabb. -Editor)

To the Editor:I believe that the tine has come for

the self-respecting reading public to speakout in protest against the insipid editorialcolumns emanating from the pen(?) ofMr. (?) Lee Giguere. They read as thoughhe prepared himself by staying awake forthree days while skimming Webster's 3rdUnabridged (with, need I add, about 30%

comprehension).Gentlernen: if his tripe is the best that

can be found to 1fill the space betweenadvertisements, 'twould be best to leavethe paper unpublished. if a picture isworth 10,000 words, a photograph of ablank wall says more than he does.

Mark Peter Fishman '71

M T --loses o.E -m gakjor - tnr- EC s X]1~~~~~O0 A aL Li A (tN d Iro iEcI% L @D1 ) 11

·-ete..e '~ -wee. i

THETECH FRIDAY,APRIL 14, 19372 PAGE 5

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(Continued fProm page 7]

the intellectual life," by dis-counting new ways of knowing,undervaluing other bodies ofknowvledge, and on-the whEole,turning away from the "cultiva-tion of sensibility and judge-ment."

Kaledin emphatically statedthat "greater, more intense,more skillful attention to thedevelopment of practical judge-ment has to come." It is aquestion of what else you wouldlike the.skilled technicians whoare developing genetic engineer-ing to know. He expressed afeeling of despair because thedominant social, political, andeconomic trends are to valuethat kind of knowledge thatleads to dominance, manipula-tion of nature and people, andthat adds up to power, whichhas immediate visible and mea-surable results.

In reply, Aiken stated twoprinciples. First, every principle,or moral truth, such as "keepyour promises," carries with itan "all other things being equal"clause, and the problem is thatno one knows in advance howthis must be filled in. Second, all

into it, the critiquing process isgreatly discouraged.

Weisskopf, the next respon-dent, expressed his frustrationand despair over "What does allthis mean when you don't knowabout what is meant by sensibleand rational in ethics and poli-tics?"

Weisskopf then noted that aperson who is too powerful isinsane, a person who is toocurious is inhuman, and a personwho is too compassionate is inef-fective, so some balance betweenthese three components shouldbe soughit.

A&ken concluded the eveningby stating that the fundamentalform of irrationality is the wor-ship of false gods. He added aray of hope in that men finallydo come to realize that the godsthey are worshipping are falsegods, but a person who worshipsno gods will never find the rightones to worship. One of theproblems with sensibility in uni-versity humanities is that muchof it is not practiced, but specu-lative, and "how you discoverwhether a god is a false god is tolive with the damn thing and seewhat happens."

men of judgement recognize thatall principles have their limita-tions, and one can't suppose thatprinciples of rationality, expla-nation of phenomena, are appli-cable to areas not of experience,but of justification of actionsdirected toward goals or ends.

When questioned about thetraining of technicians, Aikentold of three paths. A rationalindividual can either fight thesystem, for example on the ques-tion of genetic engineering, andbecome a deviate; he can insistthat genetic engineering be usedto further .the goals of the na-tion, according to its laws andadministrators; or he can ask thequestion of how genetic engin-eering can be used for the goodof all people. Genetic engineer-ing is not inherently bad, orgood, for it depends to whatends it is used; those that arerational and reasonable will ben-efit all men. Weisskopf then in-terjected the appropriate ques-tion, "Who decides what is ra-tional?" The moderator, Chor-over, noted that because theuniversity currently tends to ac-cept the goals that are "fed"

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L

By Brad BilletdeauxPete Holland is Head Coach

of Rowing at the Institute.fThrough the mirrored shades in

his office in a corner of thePierce Boathouse, Pete can lookout at an excellent view of theCharles River. Pete knows his isthe toughest crew coaching jobon that river.

As coach of the MIT varsityheavyweights, Holland's crewshave head-on clashes withperenniel rowing powers such asHarvard and Northeaster. MIThasn't done too well againsteither of these schools / thepast few years, and in a position

.like this you have to be realistic."We have a chance to win threeraces - realistically," Hollandsays. If they do, his varsity willbe the best heavyweight crewthat has ever rowed out of thePierce Boathouse in its six yearsof existence.

The engineers' first run at the

iv' will be in their season openertomorrow at Columbia. Theyedged the Lions by 1.5 secondslast year on the Charles. MIT'sother possible wins are for theCochrane Cup (Wisconsin,Dartmnouth) and the PackardCup (Syracuse, Dartmouth),both later in the season.

Holland believes this year'ssquad- is potentially faster thanlast year's one-regatta winner.Their physical condition isbetter, mostly duae to the Floridatrip. Of the eight men who wenton the trip suth, six are in thevarsity. Two lettermen from lastYear didn't make the first boatbecause of conditioning.

Last Saturday's pre-seasonwin over Trinity showed that thevarsity is developing, but slowly.Inboard rowing was good, butbladework and settling to racingstroke were poor. This is part ofHolland's strategy of having hiscrew come along slowly,

building through the season andpeaking for the championships,instead of peaking very early andthen fading for the big races, socharacteristic of 'Northeasterncrews. In fact, NU rowed a6:15.5 minute race Saturday(before MIT turned in a 6:35)and they aren't likely to improvetoo much on that time.

Coaching at MIT doesn'timply that all Holland has towork with ase second-classoarsmen. Bob Rance '71 -fromlast year's varsity is now strokeof the Union Boat Club's eight,which garnered the nationalchampionship over the summer.Rance will be a candidate for theUS National Team's eight orfour-oared entry at theupcoming Munich Olympics.

Holland explained that it isrefreshing to coach a schoolwhich supports atheltics in a bigway solely so that people canplay. He would like to see more

athletes admitted to MIT(without lowering standards, ofcourse), but then he'sprejudiced, being a coach. As tothe recruiting game, he's had oneexperience worth relating. Hehas a letter from a New Jerseyhigh school rowing coach whichoutlines the rowing experienceof his men along with, theircollege board scores. Some ofthe guy's scores.didn't even addup to 700! The search for anoarsman-scholar is not an easyone, should MIT even want tobegin it.

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PAGE 8 FRIDAY, APRIL 14.1972 THETECH

By Dan GanttMIT's varsity baseball team

opened their 1972 home seasonwith an impressive 4-0 victoryover Bowdoin' Wednesday, April12. Fifeballing righthander AlDopfel '72 dominated thecontest, allowing just onebad-hop single and striking out15 Bowdoin batsmen, equallingthe MIT single game mark forstrikeouts for the second time inless than a week. Against BostonCollege, April 6, Dopfel fanned15 in pitching MIT to a 1-1 tie,called after nine innings because-of darkness. Dopfel, however,was not the whole story againstBowdoin, as Herb Kummer '75led a nine-hit barrage with a3-for-4 day at the plate, andshortstop Rich Roy '72 andcatcher Richard Charpie '73each contributed twobaseknocks.

The game through the first51/ innings, Was a tight pitchingduel between Dopfel andBowdoin's Steve Morris. MIT,however, had good scoringopportunities in the first twoinnings. A walk and an errorwith two gone in the first put arunner in scoring position, butthe Engineers could not pusfacross a ran. With one gone inthe second, Joe DeAngelo '74stroked a solid single to center,and Kummer followed with adouble down the right field line,DeAngelo stopping at third.Tech could not come up withthe big hit, though, and left twomore runners stranded.

Russ Bailey led off-Bowdoin'sthird with a grouander that

hopped over second basemanKen Weisshaar's shoulder for asingle. A walk managed to giveBowdoin a runner at second, theonly man to advance that far inthe entire game for Bowdoin. Afly to left ended that, Bowdoin'sonly threat.

In the bottom of the sixthMIT scored to break. the 0-0deadlock Without the benefit ofa hit. Two walks and a throwingerror loaded the sacks for RichRoy's sacrifice fly and a 1-0 MITlead. A one-out single and astolen base by Charpie in theTech seventh set up DaveTirrell's ran-scoring single tocenter. MIT increased its lead tothe final 4-0 in the eighth thanksto a walk, a single by Roy, andtwo wild pitches. Kummer andCharpie then followed withsingles but were stranded.

Dopfel was nothing short ofawesome over the final twoframes as he fanned the last sixbatters he faced to nail down thewin.

MIT evened its record at2-2-2 and returns to action thisafternoon at home againstNorwich.

By Ali KedouThe MIT Rugby Club

devastated arch-rival Mystic RFCin a convincing performanceSaturday afternoon. The Techside had altered its line-up byshifting back W. Book towing-forward and scram-half S..Erge to center. The shake-upproved beneficial as Book andfellow loose-forwards T. Cerneand P. Bailey destroyed theMystic running game and heldtheir opponents to a piddlingtwo tries.

A main feature of the Mysticstrategy became apparent duringthe opening minutes. MIT's M.Haddadi, the recipient of manydeliberate elbows, punches andkicks, finally responded in kind

to a cheap shot by a Mysticforward, S.H. Jones. Sharp-eyedreferee Don Morrison caughtHaddadi and his attackerred-handed and ejected both forfighting. This tactic of baiting anopponent in the hope ofprovoking him to commit apenalty or be ejected is oftenused by players from theBoston-Mystic axis.

The early Tech scores cameon penalty kicks by R.Simmonss, as the scrumrn washaving its troubles deriving theball from forward play. With afollowing wind, Mystic didmanage an 8-6 lead at the half,but the play was clearly in MIT'sfavor.

Tech's first try resulted froma magnificent length of the fieldattacking play. Near the MITgoal a strategic shift in theline-out, suggested from thesideline, enabled D. Zoiler to

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Tennis (V) - Colby, home, 3 pmBaseball (V) - Norwich, home,3 pmGolf (V) - Tufts, Wesleyan atWesleyan, 1 pm

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send the ball bobbling at the feetof the'Mystic scrum-half, whowas promptly mauled. Theensuing loose-play involvednearly every MIT man, includingP.F. Dalhgren, until wing T.Flanagan zipped over for the try,which Simmons converted.

The second try also camefrom broken play, initiated bythe sure fielding and kicking offull-back J. Conray. The Mysticbacks had trouble fielding theball, and D. Arkimr blastedthrough to nail afumble-fingered back, shakingthe ball loose. Simmons scoopedup the ball and dived over to setthe final score of the first matchat 16-8.

The second game was . alearning match. Encoitragingly,the difference was in experience,not raw ability. But despiteinspired play by DA!T's secondside, Mystic's backs broke awaytime and again to score, and thefinal score was, alas, many tonone.

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Tony Reisn '72 Ifrwardl, pictured above in he dark gjesey, dispiaysclose pursuit ine the lacrosse game played on Briggs Field Wednesdayafternoon. MIT won, cornsiderably outscorinrg Tufts, 14-7.

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_Ii~ ~ By Joe Kashiand Norman Sandler

Harvard's Center For InternationalAffairs (CFIA) was trashed and thorough-ly ransacked at 6:00 pm Tuesday by partof a 2000 person anti-war group thatmarched from a Boston Common rally toHarvard Square.

Though the building was occupied atthe time, no one appeared injured in theassault. Rocks were thrown directly atwindows in which professors were visibledespite the shouted disapproval of manyin the crowd.

CFIA RansackedThe interior of the CFIA was essential-

ly destroyed when nearly 500 peoplebroke down the front doors, entered thebuilding, and ripped apart the furnishingsand files, and set fires on the secondfloor. The fire was put out quickly, butmost research files were strewn outside orruined as firemen doused the blaze. Theinterior resembled an about-to-be-demol-ished slum. Broken glass covered almostany place one could walk. Ink and paintstained many walls. Almost all officeswere completely torn apart-

Ironically, one of the scattered docu-ments was entitled "A Study of AmericanFascism."

Two Harvard police stood by helpless-ly during the trashing and attack andwere unable to summon police before theprotestors left at 6: 10 pm and ran towardIBM, two blocks away on Cambridge St.Nineteen large windows were brokenthere before 20-30 Cambridge Police ar-rived with riot gear and tear gas. Mean-while firemen were thoroughly soakingthe smoulderng second floor of theCFIA.

Most of the people who were trashingseemed to disappear at this point, oneperson commenting: "BU smashes andruns away, and lives to trash anotherday." Members of the People's Coalitionfor Peace and Justice, who organized theoriginal rally, tried to halt the trashing ofIBM and lead a substantial non-violentfaction to the Cambridge Common for apeaceful rally. However, several peopletrashing IBM approached thein and dis-abled their loudspeaker. The crowd soondispersed toward Harvard Square, only tomeet lines of Tactical Police who hadalready cleared the area.

Apparently few people knew that theCFIA was to be a target of the march.MIost had come prepared for a "secretsit-in" and were surprised as the marchwas directed down Oxford Street behindthe Harvard Yard and away from policewaiting in Harvard Square. Many build-ings along the way bore spray-paintedslogans as witness to the marchers' pro-

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gress. Near the Harvard School of Design,people started picking up rocks and begansprinting toward the CFIA.

Only about 150-200 protestors re-mained in Harvard Square by 6:50 pm.Police cleared the Square shortly after,using tear-gas. Minor scuffles ensued andtwo demonstrators were arrested.

Cambridge CurfewPolice closed off the City of Cam-

bridge at 9:00 pm last evening and aheavy, indefinite curfew was declared. Noone was permitted to travel throughCambridge without written identificationof their destination and reason fortraveling in Cambridge. The curfew hasbeen especially enforced in the HarvardSquare area, as police traveled about withloudspeakers warning people off thestreet.

Shortly after the Harvard attack, theMIT Center for International Studies andthe Student Center were closed to all butMIT students by the MIT campus patrol.Extra police were assigned to the Sloanarea in the wake of reports that some ofthe trashers were seen moving downCambridge Street toward Kendall Square.The Student Center was reopened laterTuesday evening.

Common RallyThe rally had begun peacefully on the

Boston Common with a mass estimatedby Boston Police as numbering three tofour thousand persons.

After receiving instructions from rmar-shalls, the throng of protesters movedacross the Cormmon to the TremontStreet intersection, where traffic waseventually stopped. The group thennmoved to the recruiting offices of the AirForce, Army, Navy, and Marines, whereenthusiastic demonstrators found a sub-stantial number of Boston policemen,decked out in riot gear, blocking the onestreet-side entrance to the office building.

Shouting "Right on; Take Saigon!"and "One, two, three, four; We don'twant your fucking war!" the protestors'plans of entering the recruiting offices ina non-violent takeover changed; the dem-onstrators decided that a massive sit-in toblock downtown traffic was both moreeffective and more practical.

The crowd remained peaceful through-out the half-hour sit-in on Tremont, whileBoston police looked on calmly, from thestreet as well as observation points atsecond-floor windows of the recruitingoffices. The buildirng was sealed off to alloutsiders, and only one demonstratormade a vain attempt to enter.

Throughout the sit-in, the crowdlistened to members of the VietnamVeterans Against the War, and manyoffered their burnt draft cards as protestof the most recent escalation of the war.

The protestors looked on as an

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While patrolmnen on motorcycles ob-ligingly helped divert traffic, the denlon-strators moved down Beacon Street, toMlassachusetts Avenue, where they tiedup rush-hour traffic for blocks, bothnorth and south. A few police then haltedtraffic on the Harvard Bridge. as thecrowd of some 2000 moved across toCambridge. where the Boston Police'sresponsibility ended. The Camlbridgeauthorities were not seen until the de-monstration reached the Harva-rd Squarearea.

unidentified demonstrator, immigrantfrom Europe, chided the Ateoican publicfor submitting to Nixon's Vietnain game-plan, warning that "the American peoplewill not tolerate the war any longer..we will not be like good Germans ... '

Apparently determining that they hadaccomplished what they had intended,the crowd then overwhelmningly decidedto march to Cambridge, although notarget location was announced by personswith megaphones, who did not wish tohave "the police arrive first."

By Norman SandlerSixteen college editors have published

a statement calling for a national studentstrike and anti-war activities to protestthe escalation of the Vietnamese war byPresident Nixon last week.

The joint editorial, published yester-day. was endorsed by college newspapersthroughout tile nation, and has resultedin numerous strike votes being scheduledat universities fromnt Harvard to Berkeley.

The editorial condemned the bombingof Hanoi and Haiphong, and warned thata continuation of Nixon's air war nmaybring "a catastrophic confrontation withthe Soviet Union." It also charged thePresident with being committed to totalmilitary victory in Indochina, while lead-ing the American public to believe thatthe war was winding down.

College editors from the Boston areamet last week to determine what actioncould be taken to counter the escalationof the air activity over North Vietnarm.The editorial was then drawn up by thosepresent, and copies were sent to all areastudent publications, in hopes that issuing

a joint editorial would attract the aIten-tion of the national red ia.

Of the sixteen newspapers suplportlnthe editorial, two decided to call t/or aone-day moratoriulnm ratlher tlh an a"strike" advocated in the joint statlement.All of the Ivy League papers, with tIheexception of ithe liaryri-tl C'-imNson .puh-lished pieces besides the editorial in sup-pcort of a mnoratorium, as well as a strike.

Colleges publishing the strike statc-mnent were: Boston ('ollege. the Jniversj-ty of ('alifornia at Berkeley. the lnivceri-ty of California at IDavis. Clark ('tllcg.Emerson College, l!arvard. th tIlniversityof !Michigan, Newton (MassacluLsetts ) ('(,I-lege. S ninmons ('ollege. S tan ford [nilvtrsi-ty. Tufts University, Wesleyan ('ollegtand the University of WisconsIn alMadison.

Tbhose newspapers calling for onel-daym0oratori uLmIs included two Boston t/hi

versity papers. and publication(l . tWilliams ('ollee. Brown, ('oltlhllla. D)aMI-

mlouth. P'enn. P'rinceton, ancd Yale.EFxcerpts fromt the text (hi the Il()lnl

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atnti-war actions on their various': universi t y campuses. The:anti-war actions are also related-to an editorial which ran in-newspapers of most of the

,involved universities earlier thisv[: week, calling for a student strike-against the war.

The statement, reportedly"i"adrafted before Tuesday night'sHarvard Square actions in

!Cambridge, also directed theattention of the university

cPresidents to the problems theyare facing with demonstrationsIPn the near future. it called for

anti-war activity, but advocated"}Vorking within the politicalSystem to achieve the same end

follows:Although none of us can

speak for his institution, all of uspersonally oppose a nationalpolicy which seems to be basedon the belief that the UnitedStates mulst at almost any costwin the war in which it sengaged in Indochina. The costsof such a policy in human lifeand suffering are appalling axndunjuastified. We therefore deplorethe bombing of North Vietnamand its civilian population.America's withdrawal from thisbrutal war would represent arecognition that this country canovercome past mistakes, forwhich they must assume the

their distress, and their concerns.We support activities to this endas long as they are not at theexpense of the rights of othersor at the expense of thecontinuation of constructive,educational, and scholarlyactivity of universities andcolleges. We therefore supportthe effort of those who work inbehalf of candidates sympatheticto their views or communicatetheir feelings to appropriategovernment officials. We do notcondone coersive action byindividuals or groups seeking toimpose their particularconvictions or concerns onothers.

entire community and that eachoperating unit should set its owngoals.

Turning to last month's HEWreport on M[T's AA program(see The Tech March 21, 24),Gray stated that the MITadministration saw severalproblems with the report. First,he noted that while the report isdated on March 17, HEW'sinvestigation ended thepreceding September and thedata on employment used in thereport was only up toNovember. There was nomention, he said, of changes thathad occured. Further, Grayclaimed that the report is

are increasing the numbers ofblack students."

Gray also noted thatincreasing the number of blackstudents at MIT has been in thehands of the Task Force onEducational Opportunity sinceSeptember of '68. While thegroup, which Gray chairs, wasoriginally concerned only withblacks, he noted that it has alsot urned its attention toSpa n ish-Americans. Animportant job for the TaskForce, Gray commented, is"reversing the situation that hasled to a decrease of blackapplicants in the last two years."

(Please turn to page 7}

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editorial calling for the national strikefollIIo ws:

"'The latest Nixon escalation of thewar in Southeast Asia -- the bombing oltlaiphon- and Hanoi - renews the UScommnitment to defend the threatenedThieu government at all cost. The newescalation is open-ended and runs the riskof a catastrophic confrontation with theSoviet Union. The war will not go away;Nixon remains committed to militaryvictory. It must be resisted by the Ameri-can public.

"Two years ago, in an escalation ofsimilar magnitude, American aroundtroops invaded Cambodia. Anti-war feel-ings on American campuses coalescedinto a national student strike. That strike,joined in a moment of crisis, delivered anultimatum to the American government;you cannot expand the war in Asiawithout risking massive disruption athoome. The ultimatum was successful; theinvading force withdrew. American stu-dents catalyzed a national movement thathelped to save the lives of Americans,Vietnamese, and Cambodians. Tile ever-rising trajectory of the war began to turnd ownward.

"... The current North Vietnamese--National Liberation Front offensive hasreduced the war to its essential compo-nents. The Thieu government is mortallythreatened. North and South Vietnamesehave united in a fierce final struggle tofree their country from colonialism andneocolonialism.

"The failed logic of Nixon's ¢'ietnami-zation policy can now be measured by hisnewest campaigns against NorthVietnam... How far will the UnitedStates go to maintain a reginme thatcannot stand on its own?'

"The bombings of Hanoi and

Hialiphl1ongr lUgIC,, I hiA thelrC ailt 110 lirails.Stradtegic options r IiniIg t lo the hIS

government IIIILIuId I'r-ther hollabilli, ofpopulation center.s' ninilng or closin, bynaval enibar,,o the acces' s LO 1o1,taiphong,harbor: bomibing of the North Viet-namnese dike systems caLulsingt [roadLI dIe-struction and the likelihood of nmassstarvalion' invadilng North Viellall; iallduse of tactical nuclear wecapons. Nixonhas said, "All of our options arc open."We say: "All options except withdrawalare abhorrent."

"A memorandum prepared by AdmiralThomas H. Moorer, Clhairmlan of tileJoint Chiefs of Staff, and released lastweek by Rep. Michael Harrington.{D-Mass.) clarifies ou r options as studentsopposed to the war. If the United Stateswere released from "domestic restraints,"notes the memorandum, it might under-take amphibious operations against theNorth or bombing of the irrigationditches in the quest for victory. Clearly,Nixon is not deterred any longer by therisks of confrontation with the SovietUnion. The only remaining restraint isthat imposed by the American people.And it is our task as students, who havecone this way before, to make sure thatdomestic restraints remain firm. Thebombing of North Vietnam and the can-cellation of the Paris Peace Talks returnthe war to its pre-1 968 character.

"Joining with 16 other college news-papers, we condemn the escalation of theWar against the Vietnamese and supportimmediate demonstrations of protest thisweek. Further, this newspaper, unitedwith the 16 others, calls for a nationalstudent strike. To implement this we callfor a strike meeting on our campus assoon as possible. The strike is called notagainst our university, but against theWar, and is proposed to offer students anopportunity to work against the War inthese critical days."

The published editorial gained wide-spread support nationwide, with strikesor moratoriums scheduled at Amherst,Brown, Columbia, Dartmouth, HolyCross, and Northeastern. Strike votes areto be taken today or tomorrow at Berke-ley, Boston College, Boston University,Brandeis, Duke, Harvard, Tufts, Universi-ty of Connecticut, University of Indiana,University of Iowa, University of Wiscon-sin, and MIT.

Anti-war actions resulted in the fire-bombing of a ROTC building at HolyCross Monday and a confrontation be-tween some 500 students and riot-equipped state police using tear gas anddogs at the University of Maryland lues-day. Actions have been scheduled atAmherst, Hampshire, Mt. Holyoke,Smith, Uniiversity of Maryland, Universityof Massachusetts, and the University ofMichigan.

Harvard CriaTson President Robert Decherd announced at a press conference heldTuesday for Boston newsmen details of the joint editorial issued by sixteen universitynewsl)apers calling for immediate anti-war actions. liht(.t byt Dave Tenenbaumt

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Citing the Nixon administration's es-calation of the war in southeast Asia thispast weekend, and noting the NationalStudent Association's call for a nation-wide strike, the Spring Anti-War Commit-tee's leaflet calls for tonight's generalmeeting "to discuss these important is-sues."

Originally, Thursday's teach-in wassponsored by a group of MIT facultymembers, but after a disagreement overthe speakers, the student group assumedresponsibility for the meeting. At present,according to Newman, there are no facul-ty members involved in the planning,

The Spring Anti-War Com mittee,Newman explained, started organizing onMonday. He noted that the Committeewas essentially a new group and hadchosen its name to avoid being confusedwith already-existing anti-war groups oncampus. It is not, he added, a coalition ofold groups. As of Tuesday night, Newmanstated that there were only about 30students in the group, but he explainedthat no effort has as yet been made to

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The staf t'tor th:ii, c xtra: Ben Ash ton, Ira Cohen,Bob !.lkin, Mike l'icrtag, Lee Giguere, AiGoldberg, Joe Kastli, Tim Kiorpes, NormSandler, Dave Tcnenbaum, Neai Vitale.1,-h Wienor R )o Young. and Dive GrT-een.

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Aifnti-vvar actio'ns dacool respDonse af:Z

By Paul Schindler palrolmen. in the (Centur were also toRac:t~liotn () yesterdaly's events hy ele- pu)lleld off that station.

111C11, (I oilhc MI'I co'iflullity was mixed: Captain James Olivieri of the Camr

IlIc ;le[il rat ion deplored tim actions Patrol told The Tech that there w,

whlde dolwnplaying the strike threat, the -2'Y-- times" the usual number of cam:ca; I-llIUS Palro0 Iinore than c doLIbled patrolmen on duty last night in orde]SCCLrily. a1n1d stUdent. leaders adopted i tighten security as a precautionary ml";\ilil ;lnd See" attitude. sure against damage of Institute prope

('1rtirs Reeves, 1newly elected UAP. or threats to personnel.ISSLIu(e Ilhis staiteniant when asked for the Olivieri declined to discuss specsllnll governillent view of the possibil- assignments, merely noting that the piily o1' a strike: pose of the beefed up patrol was to "li:

"I dtlO'l t hilk the strike two years a=,o access, not to prevent it." Extra patracct' plislcid wlhat it set out to do, and I men were noted in at least twolocatio¢'l' .~islil'y to myself calling ,anothel. at the Student Center, and at the FIlu. wC ale hler to serve the sltudents, and niann Building (location of the Center11 I hIy iilldite 1n i 1111CresS in 1ntd suL ppor t International Studies, the MNIT equivalfor a :%Ilike, Ihcicnl I will hielp in every Away of the C'FA).

Reeves t\Vlho lives o11 CZ;111pll S) 1le01d

0lh11 l1 1had delcteted no strolln srike maSenl1!n1lenl ;JifloHg SlI(delsl he k'IIew, ;i]d wIlial~ il till- olwliler enhes o t UnxeconlirnP 4E$\to)n fie hc had seen yeslc-rday afternooll,

*explr resse~l si nilal dloublts of the breadth(~1 Intercst. By Lee Giguere

AXdiInillistraltionI oft'cials contacted late The newly-organized MIT Spring Alast nigllt iniformily deplored the actions War Committee is calling a "general melakcn hy tile dem1onsttrators yesterday, ing" for tonight at 7:30 in the Wwhenl tIly spray-pallited slogalns on MlT Lounge of the Student Center to disculhilinlglnss aind salcked the C(FIA buldinlg at -1) the proposed nationwide studI laivard. Jolin Wynne, Vice President for strike, ') local and national demons!cirsonnel andal Administrition. (and MiT's tions, 3)) a teach-ir on Thursday, follosIfilSt-line toIubleShooleO) state d thiat he by a general meeting.-'

lhd Illet with ofhel adlliillstration offi- Acecordling to Eric Newman G, onecilis C011cIerligl" the troubles, and that the committee members, to.-night's m,

they were 'htlarnled and greatly con- inso is "primarily to discuss the strikea

cerned by the destr-uction at the C}-IA. to try to -jet people to go toWe deplore suchl actions '." teach-in." He expected that after

Wynne also summ111narized adniinistra- meeting people would go out totion inforimalion concerning the chances dorms to talk about the teach-i1.for ai strike: "We are aware of' efforts to A teach-in set for Thirsday nightorganiize ai strike. l'ile information we 7 :30 in room 10-25 0, is to .consisthlave concerninge what is being planned, three -shlocrt, informational speechewhio is planning, and the clhainces of Li accold-illn to Newman. Slated tospeakstrike is mtni al. We have no sense of Professor of Linguistics Noam Chorns

widespread awareness of a strike call Mike Albert '70, former UAP, andhlowever." as-yet undetermined member of 'the V

Wynne noted that he and severa! other hlean Veterans against the War.adininistrators had been responsible for Ilmmedlaiely following the speakethe decision to barricade the first floor there is to be a meeting to discussdoors of the Student Center, to "lirnit possibility of astrike.access". The barricades were put up at \ccording to Newman, 5000 leaf7:30 last night, and were expected to have been run-off to announce the mecome down this morning. Ex>tra_can'pus ing. The group plans to qt]f-f ,.:

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