External Lighting Strategy External Lighting Requirements
Transcript of External Lighting Strategy External Lighting Requirements
4.18 External Lighting Strategy
4.18.1 External Lighting Requirements
The external lighting has been carefully selected to compliment
the natural landscaping proposed. It will comply fully with Part L
and the following guides:
Code for Sustainable Homes (CfSH)
• ENE 6 External Lighting. Energy Efficient Luminaires.
BREEAM
• HEA 1 Visual Comfort.
• ENE 3 External Lighting.
• POL 4 Reduction of Night Time Light Pollution.
Secure by Design
• This will consider external lighting for Residencies with external
entrances and areas (i.e. entrance, balconies and garden areas).
4.18.2 External Illumination (lux) Levels
The external illumination levels will be as defined by CfSH,
BREEAM and CIBSE/SLL and ILE Lighting Guides:
• Walkways exclusively for Pedestrians, 5 Lux
• Traffic areas for slow moving vehicles (<10km/h), 10 lux
• Regular vehicle traffic (<40 km/h), 20 lux
• Pedestrian passages, vehicle turning, loading points, 50 lux.
(Note all of the above provided with the required uniformity
and colour rendering values).
Fig 4.18.2
External lighting references. Images courtesy of Gross MaxFig 4.18.1
External lighting strategy map G R O S S . M A X .L a n d s c a p e A r c h i t e c t s.
[1] Existing street lighting
[2] Existing trees uplit
[3] Historic lamps recomissioned
[4] Building entrance lighting installation [5] Feature gate lighting
[6] Planted wall accent lighting
[7] Proposed multi stemmed trees uplit
[8] Waterfeature with subermerged lighting
[9] Raised planters with integrated lighting
[10] Decorative screen with accent lighting
[11] Lighting within low planting
[12] Lighting to steps+ private terraces
[13] Improved street lighting to Pembroke Place
G R O S S . M A X .L a n d s c a p e A r c h i t e c t s.
[1] Existing street lighting
[2] Existing trees uplit
[3] Historic lamps recomissioned
[4] Building entrance lighting installation [5] Feature gate lighting
[6] Planted wall accent lighting
[7] Proposed multi stemmed trees uplit
[8] Waterfeature with subermerged lighting
[9] Raised planters with integrated lighting
[10] Decorative screen with accent lighting
[11] Lighting within low planting
[12] Lighting to steps+ private terraces
[13] Improved street lighting to Pembroke Place
G R O S S . M A X .L a n d s c a p e A r c h i t e c t s.
[1] Existing street lighting
[2] Existing trees uplit
[3] Historic lamps recomissioned
[4] Building entrance lighting installation [5] Feature gate lighting
[6] Planted wall accent lighting
[7] Proposed multi stemmed trees uplit
[8] Waterfeature with subermerged lighting
[9] Raised planters with integrated lighting
[10] Decorative screen with accent lighting
[11] Lighting within low planting
[12] Lighting to steps+ private terraces
[13] Improved street lighting to Pembroke Place
G R O S S . M A X .L a n d s c a p e A r c h i t e c t s.
[1] Existing street lighting
[2] Existing trees uplit
[3] Historic lamps recomissioned
[4] Building entrance lighting installation [5] Feature gate lighting
[6] Planted wall accent lighting
[7] Proposed multi stemmed trees uplit
[8] Waterfeature with subermerged lighting
[9] Raised planters with integrated lighting
[10] Decorative screen with accent lighting
[11] Lighting within low planting
[12] Lighting to steps+ private terraces
[13] Improved street lighting to Pembroke Place
4.19 Play Strategy
4.19.1 There is generally a good provision of play spaces in the local
area. Holland Park play areas is 0.4 miles or 7 minutes walk,
while The Diana Princess of Wales Memorial Playground in
Kensington Gardens is 1.1 miles or 21 minutes walk from The
Kensington. The Kensington aims to increase connectivity to
Holland Park by way of an improved crossing point and direct
route to the play spaces.
4.19.2 The overall landscaping design also aims to make the public
realm child friendly through the provision of well located, well
designed spaces that are accessible. All public realm spaces are
fully accessible providing level access and are DDA compliant.
Informal opportunities for ‘playable’ and ‘social’ spaces are
provided through the incorporation of a number of different
elements within these spaces as outlined below:
4.19.3 Kensington High Street
A social space with access to public art work and seating as well
as interactive paving.
4.19.4 Semi-private Courtyard and Mews
These areas are located away from the busy High Street and
offer the best opportunity to locate a designated play area
with a range of play experiences within a safe and enclosed
designed landscape with informal oversight from residential
buildings. Landscape consultants Gross Max have suggested
incorporating simple elements such as changes textures within
the paving, tactile engraving in the form of metal inlay art work
and water related play in relation to the central water feature.
References to the sites historical past as the Odeon Cinema can
also be translated into landscape features and artwork. Raised
stepping stones, linear paving elements to run along, use of
hedges to form small rooms for creative roll play are just some
of the methods used to create informal play space that is not
imposing on the surrounding residents. Seating can also be
integrated into the raised planters for parents to keep watch.
Overall, the scheme will provide spaces for quiet contemplation
as well as open space to play, creating a range of experiences for
children to enjoy.
4.19.5 Please refer to Gross Max’s report for further information
regarding landscaping and play strategies.
Fig 4.19.1
Play feature references. Images courtesy of Gross Max
G R O S S . M A X .L a n d s c a p e A r c h i t e c t s.
2.6 Play strategy There is generally a good network of open space and structured play in the local area. Holland Park play areas offer a range of play for assorted ages and is 0.4 miles or 7minutes walk from the development. In addition The Diana Princes of Wales Memorial Playground in Kensington Gardens is 1.1 miles or 21 minutes walk. The new development aims to increase connectivity to Holland Park open space by way of an improved crossing point and direct route to the play spaces. These areas will however remain inaccessible to the under 5 age group. The proposed landscape is structured by a public streetscape, semi-private residential courtyards and private residential gardens. All public realm spaces are fully accessible providing level access and are DDA compliant. The overall design aspiration for the scheme is to make the public realm child friendly through the provision of well located, well designed spaces that are accessible. Pedestrian priority in the public realm is a key driver in the design and there are informal opportunities for ‘playable’ and ‘social’ space throughout the landscape and creative play is encouraged through the incorporation of a number of different elements within these spaces as outlined below;
Kensington High Street: A social space with access to public art work on the artist plinth that could take the form of a climbable feature for play
Semi -private courtyard and mews: Opportunities to play within a safe and enclosed designed landscape which offers informal oversight from residential buildings. These areas are located away from the busy High Street and will offer a range of play experiences. The spaces will allow for children of different ages and disabilities to play together. Play will be non prescriptive and will incorporate simple elements such as changes textures within the paving , tactile engraving in the form of metal inlay art work and water related play in relation to the central water feature. References to the sites historical past as the Odeon Cinema will be translated into landscape features and artwork for children to enjoy. Raised planters and low boundary walls will offer seating and climbing opportunities. Low hedging will contain the space and is combined with herbaceous planting to provide a range of sensory experiences, visually through seasonal interest provided, and physically through the range of textures of different plants and their scents. There are spaces for quiet contemplation as well as open space to play, creating a range of experiences for children to enjoy.
G R O S S . M A X .L a n d s c a p e A r c h i t e c t s.
2.6 Play strategy There is generally a good network of open space and structured play in the local area. Holland Park play areas offer a range of play for assorted ages and is 0.4 miles or 7minutes walk from the development. In addition The Diana Princes of Wales Memorial Playground in Kensington Gardens is 1.1 miles or 21 minutes walk. The new development aims to increase connectivity to Holland Park open space by way of an improved crossing point and direct route to the play spaces. These areas will however remain inaccessible to the under 5 age group. The proposed landscape is structured by a public streetscape, semi-private residential courtyards and private residential gardens. All public realm spaces are fully accessible providing level access and are DDA compliant. The overall design aspiration for the scheme is to make the public realm child friendly through the provision of well located, well designed spaces that are accessible. Pedestrian priority in the public realm is a key driver in the design and there are informal opportunities for ‘playable’ and ‘social’ space throughout the landscape and creative play is encouraged through the incorporation of a number of different elements within these spaces as outlined below;
Kensington High Street: A social space with access to public art work on the artist plinth that could take the form of a climbable feature for play
Semi -private courtyard and mews: Opportunities to play within a safe and enclosed designed landscape which offers informal oversight from residential buildings. These areas are located away from the busy High Street and will offer a range of play experiences. The spaces will allow for children of different ages and disabilities to play together. Play will be non prescriptive and will incorporate simple elements such as changes textures within the paving , tactile engraving in the form of metal inlay art work and water related play in relation to the central water feature. References to the sites historical past as the Odeon Cinema will be translated into landscape features and artwork for children to enjoy. Raised planters and low boundary walls will offer seating and climbing opportunities. Low hedging will contain the space and is combined with herbaceous planting to provide a range of sensory experiences, visually through seasonal interest provided, and physically through the range of textures of different plants and their scents. There are spaces for quiet contemplation as well as open space to play, creating a range of experiences for children to enjoy.
G R O S S . M A X .L a n d s c a p e A r c h i t e c t s.
2.6 Play strategy There is generally a good network of open space and structured play in the local area. Holland Park play areas offer a range of play for assorted ages and is 0.4 miles or 7minutes walk from the development. In addition The Diana Princes of Wales Memorial Playground in Kensington Gardens is 1.1 miles or 21 minutes walk. The new development aims to increase connectivity to Holland Park open space by way of an improved crossing point and direct route to the play spaces. These areas will however remain inaccessible to the under 5 age group. The proposed landscape is structured by a public streetscape, semi-private residential courtyards and private residential gardens. All public realm spaces are fully accessible providing level access and are DDA compliant. The overall design aspiration for the scheme is to make the public realm child friendly through the provision of well located, well designed spaces that are accessible. Pedestrian priority in the public realm is a key driver in the design and there are informal opportunities for ‘playable’ and ‘social’ space throughout the landscape and creative play is encouraged through the incorporation of a number of different elements within these spaces as outlined below;
Kensington High Street: A social space with access to public art work on the artist plinth that could take the form of a climbable feature for play
Semi -private courtyard and mews: Opportunities to play within a safe and enclosed designed landscape which offers informal oversight from residential buildings. These areas are located away from the busy High Street and will offer a range of play experiences. The spaces will allow for children of different ages and disabilities to play together. Play will be non prescriptive and will incorporate simple elements such as changes textures within the paving , tactile engraving in the form of metal inlay art work and water related play in relation to the central water feature. References to the sites historical past as the Odeon Cinema will be translated into landscape features and artwork for children to enjoy. Raised planters and low boundary walls will offer seating and climbing opportunities. Low hedging will contain the space and is combined with herbaceous planting to provide a range of sensory experiences, visually through seasonal interest provided, and physically through the range of textures of different plants and their scents. There are spaces for quiet contemplation as well as open space to play, creating a range of experiences for children to enjoy.
G R O S S . M A X .L a n d s c a p e A r c h i t e c t s.
2.6 Play strategy There is generally a good network of open space and structured play in the local area. Holland Park play areas offer a range of play for assorted ages and is 0.4 miles or 7minutes walk from the development. In addition The Diana Princes of Wales Memorial Playground in Kensington Gardens is 1.1 miles or 21 minutes walk. The new development aims to increase connectivity to Holland Park open space by way of an improved crossing point and direct route to the play spaces. These areas will however remain inaccessible to the under 5 age group. The proposed landscape is structured by a public streetscape, semi-private residential courtyards and private residential gardens. All public realm spaces are fully accessible providing level access and are DDA compliant. The overall design aspiration for the scheme is to make the public realm child friendly through the provision of well located, well designed spaces that are accessible. Pedestrian priority in the public realm is a key driver in the design and there are informal opportunities for ‘playable’ and ‘social’ space throughout the landscape and creative play is encouraged through the incorporation of a number of different elements within these spaces as outlined below;
Kensington High Street: A social space with access to public art work on the artist plinth that could take the form of a climbable feature for play
Semi -private courtyard and mews: Opportunities to play within a safe and enclosed designed landscape which offers informal oversight from residential buildings. These areas are located away from the busy High Street and will offer a range of play experiences. The spaces will allow for children of different ages and disabilities to play together. Play will be non prescriptive and will incorporate simple elements such as changes textures within the paving , tactile engraving in the form of metal inlay art work and water related play in relation to the central water feature. References to the sites historical past as the Odeon Cinema will be translated into landscape features and artwork for children to enjoy. Raised planters and low boundary walls will offer seating and climbing opportunities. Low hedging will contain the space and is combined with herbaceous planting to provide a range of sensory experiences, visually through seasonal interest provided, and physically through the range of textures of different plants and their scents. There are spaces for quiet contemplation as well as open space to play, creating a range of experiences for children to enjoy.
G R O S S . M A X .L a n d s c a p e A r c h i t e c t s.
2.6 Play strategy There is generally a good network of open space and structured play in the local area. Holland Park play areas offer a range of play for assorted ages and is 0.4 miles or 7minutes walk from the development. In addition The Diana Princes of Wales Memorial Playground in Kensington Gardens is 1.1 miles or 21 minutes walk. The new development aims to increase connectivity to Holland Park open space by way of an improved crossing point and direct route to the play spaces. These areas will however remain inaccessible to the under 5 age group. The proposed landscape is structured by a public streetscape, semi-private residential courtyards and private residential gardens. All public realm spaces are fully accessible providing level access and are DDA compliant. The overall design aspiration for the scheme is to make the public realm child friendly through the provision of well located, well designed spaces that are accessible. Pedestrian priority in the public realm is a key driver in the design and there are informal opportunities for ‘playable’ and ‘social’ space throughout the landscape and creative play is encouraged through the incorporation of a number of different elements within these spaces as outlined below;
Kensington High Street: A social space with access to public art work on the artist plinth that could take the form of a climbable feature for play
Semi -private courtyard and mews: Opportunities to play within a safe and enclosed designed landscape which offers informal oversight from residential buildings. These areas are located away from the busy High Street and will offer a range of play experiences. The spaces will allow for children of different ages and disabilities to play together. Play will be non prescriptive and will incorporate simple elements such as changes textures within the paving , tactile engraving in the form of metal inlay art work and water related play in relation to the central water feature. References to the sites historical past as the Odeon Cinema will be translated into landscape features and artwork for children to enjoy. Raised planters and low boundary walls will offer seating and climbing opportunities. Low hedging will contain the space and is combined with herbaceous planting to provide a range of sensory experiences, visually through seasonal interest provided, and physically through the range of textures of different plants and their scents. There are spaces for quiet contemplation as well as open space to play, creating a range of experiences for children to enjoy.
G R O S S . M A X .L a n d s c a p e A r c h i t e c t s.
2.6 Play strategy There is generally a good network of open space and structured play in the local area. Holland Park play areas offer a range of play for assorted ages and is 0.4 miles or 7minutes walk from the development. In addition The Diana Princes of Wales Memorial Playground in Kensington Gardens is 1.1 miles or 21 minutes walk. The new development aims to increase connectivity to Holland Park open space by way of an improved crossing point and direct route to the play spaces. These areas will however remain inaccessible to the under 5 age group. The proposed landscape is structured by a public streetscape, semi-private residential courtyards and private residential gardens. All public realm spaces are fully accessible providing level access and are DDA compliant. The overall design aspiration for the scheme is to make the public realm child friendly through the provision of well located, well designed spaces that are accessible. Pedestrian priority in the public realm is a key driver in the design and there are informal opportunities for ‘playable’ and ‘social’ space throughout the landscape and creative play is encouraged through the incorporation of a number of different elements within these spaces as outlined below;
Kensington High Street: A social space with access to public art work on the artist plinth that could take the form of a climbable feature for play
Semi -private courtyard and mews: Opportunities to play within a safe and enclosed designed landscape which offers informal oversight from residential buildings. These areas are located away from the busy High Street and will offer a range of play experiences. The spaces will allow for children of different ages and disabilities to play together. Play will be non prescriptive and will incorporate simple elements such as changes textures within the paving , tactile engraving in the form of metal inlay art work and water related play in relation to the central water feature. References to the sites historical past as the Odeon Cinema will be translated into landscape features and artwork for children to enjoy. Raised planters and low boundary walls will offer seating and climbing opportunities. Low hedging will contain the space and is combined with herbaceous planting to provide a range of sensory experiences, visually through seasonal interest provided, and physically through the range of textures of different plants and their scents. There are spaces for quiet contemplation as well as open space to play, creating a range of experiences for children to enjoy.
Fig 4.19.4
Play Space Area demarcated in red.
Building 1
Building 2
Townhouse 7
Townhouse 8
Fig 4.19.3
Sketch of Play Space Area - Courtesy of Gross Max
Fig 4.19.2
Artist’s impression of the Play Space Area
4.19.6 Play Space Calculation
The play space requirements were calculated based on the
child occupancy for the unit mix listed below. Based on the GLA
Shaping Neighbourhoods: Play and Informal Recreation SPD
(Sept 2012) which outlines a requirement for on-site doorstep
playable space for the under 5s. The amount required is
calculated based on the mix of units which is outlined below.
The total amount of play space required is 151.5 sq m.
Market Houses: Market Flats:
3 bed = 2 1 bed = 3
4 bed = 2 2 bed = 7
6 bed = 3 3 bed = 18
7 bed = 1 4 bed = 5
5 bed = 1
Based on these play space requirements, The Kensington has
allocated 152 sq m of play space as outlined in Fig 5.18.4.
152 sqm play space
4.20 Solar Shading in the Courtyard
4.20.1 The following diagrams demonstrate the shadows cast in and
around the site during the different times of the year. The
scheme was tested at 12 noon on the summer solstice and
spring equinox.
4.20.2 At the peak of the winter in December most of the courtyard
will be in shade, however the weather will be colder, the sun
is lower and days shorter therefore the courtyard will likely
be used less often. In March much of the courtyard still sits in
shade however as the summer months approach and weather
warms up the courtyard gains more sunlight. By June the
majority of the courtyard basks in sunlight.
4.20.3 The private gardens of the mews and townhouses are all
located south of each unit, and enjoy a good amount of
sunlight especially in the summer months.
Fig 4.20.1
Solar Shading on Spring / Autumn Equinox, March 21st / Sept 21st
Fig 4.20.2
Solar Shading on Summer Solstice, June 21st
Fig 4.21.3
Existing street clutter
4.21 Highways and Pubic Realm Improvements
4.21.1 The approach to the highways and townscape public realm
to the areas that sit outside of the site ownership will be
independent of this application.
4.21.2 Our first approach was to identify the existing problems and
constraints that occur along the frontage of the cinema along
Kensington High Street. There is a great deal of clutter that
resides along the kerb edge including utility boxes, telephone
boxes, a grit box, a bench and dustbins. It is the intention to
remove as much of these as possible.
4.21.3 A new crossing will be proposed at the junction with Earls
Court Road and Kensington High Street which completes the
pedestrian circulation around the junction and forms better
links with Earls Court Road, the application site to the new
Design Museum and Holland Park. Our transport consultant
is undergoing data modelling for the junction that will be
submitted to Tfl for analysis following this application.
Fig 4.21.1
Existing streetscape along Kensington High Street
Fig 4.21.2
Proposed lay-by, pavement and road layout along Kensington High Street
Fig 4.21.5 View of proposed streetscape in front of residential entrance
4.21.4 The existing street lamp locations currently do not work well
with the sight lines from the main entrance of building 1. We
propose to relocate these as shown in fig 4.21.2 while still
maintaining a similar separation and luminance both on the
road and the pavement. This has been demonstrated by our
lighting engineers Hoare Lea to include minimal impact to the
existing condition.
Fig 4.21.4 Proposed forecourt perspective.
4.21.8 Improvements to Pembroke Place
The existing width of Pembroke Place in front of building
5 is approximately 6m. The pavement to the northern side
outside building 5 is approximately 1.12m and the width of the
pavement on the southern side is approximately 1.19m. We
propose to improve the situation by increasing the pavement
widths on both sides to 1.3m meaning the carriageway width
will reduce from 3.69m to 3.4m which is still more than
adequate for a single direction vehicle to pass meaning the
situation is not worsened from the existing condition. We also
proposed to raise the carriageway to create a shared surface so
that wheelchair or scooter users have more space should they
require to use the carriageway when no vehicles are passing.
The raised carriageway could adopt a similar treatment to
the footway with York stone pavers or use traditional asphalt.
The exact treatment to be agreed with RBKC highways and
Pembroke Place residents.
Fig 4.21.8
Precedent Example of paved raised carriageway: Long Acre
Fig 4.21.7
Precedent Example of raised carriageway: Great Portland Street
Fig 4.21.6
Proposed paving strategy for Pembroke Place
1.3m
1.3m
3.4m
4.22 The New Cinemas
4.22.1 The Approved Cinemas
The current approved replacement cinema proposals include:
• A new cinema below ground
• 1,083 seats across 3,320 sq.m of floor space
• A total of 6 screens
• The removal of the two mature London Plane trees on High
Street Kensington
4.22.2 The Change in Cinema
Since this facility was approved there has been:
• A greater move to ‘multiplex’ cinemas across the country
together with the introduction of the ‘Luxury Cinema’ brand.
• Higher customer expectations.
• Significant improvements in picture, sound, size and ‘amenities’
at other nearby and directly competing cinemas (for example
Westfield London).
• A consistent pattern of decline in attendance figures at Odeon
Kensington.
4.22.3 The New Cinema
The new proposals address these concerns and seek to provide
a high quality and viable long term solution to ensure that a
cinema permanently operates on the site. The new proposal
will provide:
• A Cinema which starts at lower ground floor level which does
not require long escalator trips to screens.
• 7 screens – providing an increase in screen numbers from
existing and consented cinema facilities, meaning a wider
choice of shows and show times.
• 1,038 seats across of 3,859 sq.m of floor space, including wider
seats.
• Retention of the two existing London Plane Trees.
• Quality - through the nature of the proposed cinema operator,
Picturehouse, as well as through the ambience and better choice
of food and beverages.
• Inclusion of restaurants and bar facilities to compliment cinema
experience.
• A cinema which widens the choice for film goers in the area.
• A superior experience for cinema-goers through the purpose
designed new screens, and digital projection.
• An operator which has an excellent reputation and engages with
the local community very positively.
• As well as showing films Picturehouse also show art and
cultural events.Fig 4.22.1
Picturehouse
Fig 4.22.7
Lower Ground 2 plan of Cinema
Fig 4.22.5
Ground Floor plan of Cinema
Fig 4.22.6
Lower Ground 1 plan of Cinema
Fig 4.22.8
Basement 1 plan of Cinema
4.22.4 Cinema Summary
The following is a summary of the cinema screen numbers:
Total Cinema Auditorium Area: 1,347 Sqm
Total Gross Cinema Area: 5,323 Sqm
Total Number of Screens: 7
Total Seats: 1,025
Total Wheelchair Spaces: 13
Total Capacity: 1,038
Screen 1: 291 Seats, 3 Wheelchair Spaces
Screen 2: 168 Seats, 2 Wheelchair Spaces
Screen 3: 168 Seats, 2 Wheelchair Spaces
Screen 4: 155 Seats, 2 Wheelchair Spaces
Screen 5: 105 Seats, 2 Wheelchair Spaces
Screen 6: 59 Seats, 1 Wheelchair Space
Screen 7: 79 Seats, 1 Wheelchair Space
Cinema Entrance
SCR1SCR6
SCR7
SCR2 SCR3
SCR5
SCR1SCR4
Fig 4.22.9
Picturehouse Entrance Perspective
4.22.5 Entrance Strategy
• The Picturehouse Cinema entrance is located on Kensington
High Street within the in the same location as the existing
cinema via the proscenium arch.
• There are approximately 1,025 seats plus 13 wheelchair
spaces at full occupancy.
• The average occupancy of the cinema is expected to be
approx.17% at non-peak times and approx 57% at peak times.
• Cinemas generate less queues due to online sales.
• Screenings will be staggered with films starting at 10-20 min
intervals, which is within the operator’s interest to avoid
congestion in the foyer.
• Visitors to the cinema are expected to arrive up to 1 hour
before a film starts, allowing time to dine in the restaurant or
visit the bar and collect/ purchase tickets prior to the screening.
• The entrance will be large and spacious and allow people to
filtrate quickly into the many doors and down the staircase to
the concessions / bar area, avoiding any congestion on the
footway.
4.22.6 Exit & Fire Escape Strategy
• Upon exit some visitors will pause to use the washrooms,
some will visit the bar and others may wait to regroup in the
bar area before ascending the stairs.
• The cinema fire escapes are split into two locations, one is
located on Kensington High Street and the other on Earls
Court Road in order to meet the requirements for escape
distances at the lower levels.
• A detailed escape analysis has been undertaken based on 100%
occupancy. A maximum number of 690 people will escape via
the escape on Kensington High Street and maximum of 596
people will escape via Earls Court Road (including staff) from
the cinema.
• Fires in cinemas are rare events due to the fire precautions in
place and high level of management.
• Stair and exit widths are ample to result in steady flow once
occupants leave the cinema. Any evacuation will be managed
by highly trained staff.
Fig 4.22.10
Entrance to Picturehouse
Fig 4.22.12
Fire escape route from Picturehouse
Fig 4.22.11
Ground Floor Plan