ExploringWine External Notes
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Transcript of ExploringWine External Notes
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Exploring Wine
Chapter 1Topics
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What is wine?
•It is the fermented juice of any fruit.
•Sugar + Yeast= Alcohol + CO2
•More discussion in Chapter 2
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What determines a wine’s quality?
•Distinct taste typical of thegrape variety
•Style, flavor, taste reflectpoint of origin
•No unpleasant flavors
A good wine is one that you arehappy with.
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Climate- Warm sunny days and cool balmy nights
Terms-
•Macroclimate
•Microclimate
Cooler climates- higher acidity
Warmer-Higher sugar-Southern Arizona
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Soil Conditions
Ideal:
•Rocky
•Low-fertile
•High mineral
•High drainage
•Heat retention
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Two distinct groups of grapes forwine making (both came fromEurope)
Vitis Vinifera Vitis Labrusca
“to bear orcarry wine”
vineplants
European type, such asChardonnay, CabernetSauvignon, Merlot,Sauvignon Blanc,Riesling
American-typegrapes, such asCatawba, Concord,Delaware, Niagara
Wild Fox
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Phylloxera –smallaphid less than ½mm long
Phylloxera has anappetite for the rootsof grape vines, andonce a vineyard isinfected there is nocure, except for rippingthe vines out andreplacing them withthe plants that havebeen grafted ontoresistant rootstockfrom native Americanvines, which havestrong roots.
Chile and Argentinaare pre-phylloxera
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•Grafting
Grafting rootstock means taking a wild species of grapevine (that Phylloxera doesn't like) and grafting a Vitisvinifera variety (such as zinfandel) onto it, so you have aPhylloxera-resistant root system and a zinfandel-producingvine on top. Almost every vineyard in California (and mostof the world) is planted like this.
•Hybridization- phylloxera resistant and purerfruit character than North American varieties
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Life of a Vineyard
•Two to three years to trellis
•Three to four years for fruit
•Quantity of fruit as vine grows older
•Quality does not decrease with age
•Trellising-provides support for leaves and fruit
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Vine Cycle
June
Septemberand
beyond
•In winter-prune and protect
•Pruning-protect early buds from frost
•Lower quantity brings higher quality
•Veraison- grape color change
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Harvest
•Measuring sugar and acid levels
•True varietal character
•Tannic acid in reds
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Common Grape Varieties
NebbioloGamay
ZinfandelSemillonGrenachePinot Blanc
SyrahViognierSangioveseChenin Blanc
Cabernet FrancGewurztraminer
Pinot NoirRieslingMerlotSauvignon Blanc
Cabernet SauvignonChardonnayRedWhite