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![Page 1: Exploring the relationship between electricity produced from coal & environmental impacts in support of wind: The Richmond Land Trust, Richmond, MA. Raya.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022070413/5697bfaf1a28abf838c9cead/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Exploring the relationship between electricity produced from coal
& environmental impacts in support of wind:
The Richmond Land Trust,Richmond, MA.
Raya Ariella, September 25th 2005
![Page 2: Exploring the relationship between electricity produced from coal & environmental impacts in support of wind: The Richmond Land Trust, Richmond, MA. Raya.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022070413/5697bfaf1a28abf838c9cead/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
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![Page 3: Exploring the relationship between electricity produced from coal & environmental impacts in support of wind: The Richmond Land Trust, Richmond, MA. Raya.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022070413/5697bfaf1a28abf838c9cead/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
"to research, develop, demonstrate and
promote those technologies which have
the least disruptive impact on the natural ecology of the Earth."
![Page 4: Exploring the relationship between electricity produced from coal & environmental impacts in support of wind: The Richmond Land Trust, Richmond, MA. Raya.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022070413/5697bfaf1a28abf838c9cead/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
ON COMMON GROUND
Berkshires
Mountain tops
Local ecology
Conservation
![Page 5: Exploring the relationship between electricity produced from coal & environmental impacts in support of wind: The Richmond Land Trust, Richmond, MA. Raya.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022070413/5697bfaf1a28abf838c9cead/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
![Page 6: Exploring the relationship between electricity produced from coal & environmental impacts in support of wind: The Richmond Land Trust, Richmond, MA. Raya.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022070413/5697bfaf1a28abf838c9cead/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Transportation
33%
Electricity Generation
40.5%
Industrial
16.5%
Residential
6%Commercial
4%
Sources of U.S. CO2 emissions (1999)
![Page 7: Exploring the relationship between electricity produced from coal & environmental impacts in support of wind: The Richmond Land Trust, Richmond, MA. Raya.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022070413/5697bfaf1a28abf838c9cead/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
![Page 8: Exploring the relationship between electricity produced from coal & environmental impacts in support of wind: The Richmond Land Trust, Richmond, MA. Raya.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022070413/5697bfaf1a28abf838c9cead/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
![Page 9: Exploring the relationship between electricity produced from coal & environmental impacts in support of wind: The Richmond Land Trust, Richmond, MA. Raya.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022070413/5697bfaf1a28abf838c9cead/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Silent & invisible killers:
(Massachusetts amounts)
Carbon dioxide13,703,734 tons/yr
Nitrogen oxides22,689 tons/yr
Sulfur dioxides77,496 tons/yr
Mercury232 lbs/yr
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Nitrogen oxides & Sulfur dioxide:
Forests
Soils
Aquatic life
Ground level ozone
Mercury:
Forests
Aquatic life
Dangerous neurotoxin
![Page 11: Exploring the relationship between electricity produced from coal & environmental impacts in support of wind: The Richmond Land Trust, Richmond, MA. Raya.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022070413/5697bfaf1a28abf838c9cead/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Water: our most valued resourceEach kWh generated from coal
requires up to 27 gallons of water produce
X 11,502,861,000 kilowatt hours*
310,577,247,000 gallons of water per year*
*Residential, commercial and industrial use of electricity produced from coal in 2002For Massachusetts alone.
![Page 12: Exploring the relationship between electricity produced from coal & environmental impacts in support of wind: The Richmond Land Trust, Richmond, MA. Raya.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022070413/5697bfaf1a28abf838c9cead/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Carbon dioxide & Higher Temperatures Increased water & air temps
Melting of polar ice
Rise in sea level Change in precipitation
patterns & extreme weather events
Pests & disease migration
Species migration
Species decline
Change in ground water supplies
Rise in sea levels
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Other problems associated with
producing electricity from coal
Destroys mountain topsLocal ecology
Destroys communitiesThreatens public health
by polluting: Water
AirSoil
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![Page 15: Exploring the relationship between electricity produced from coal & environmental impacts in support of wind: The Richmond Land Trust, Richmond, MA. Raya.](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022070413/5697bfaf1a28abf838c9cead/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
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No air emissions
No fuel to mine, transport or store
No cooling water use
No water pollution
No wastes (hazardous, toxic, radioactive, etc)
Wind Power’s Environmental Benefits
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Solutions:
•Conservation in tandem with renewables
•Diversity of resources•Live locally
“Never doubt that a small group of thoughtful
committed citizens can change the world. Indeed, it is the only thing
that ever has.”
Margaret Mead - anthropologist