Exploring the Biological Meaning of Disease and Health
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Transcript of Exploring the Biological Meaning of Disease and Health
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Exploring The Biological Meaning Of Exploring The Biological Meaning Of Disease And HealthDisease And Health
For a full transcript of the presentation,for which these slides were an accompaniment,
please visit:
https://sites.google.com/site/sjlewis55/presentations/vienna2003
![Page 2: Exploring the Biological Meaning of Disease and Health](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022070319/55851f53d8b42a4c128b4976/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Exploringthe Biological Meaning
ofDisease and Health
Stephen Lewis
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‘In the last quarter of the 20th Century we have been witnessing an intense discussion on the nature of health … and disease and on the meaning of these … basic notions of medicine.’
Sadegh-Zadeh, K. (2000)
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Exploringthe Biological Meaning
ofDisease and Health
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Evolutionary Medicine is “the enterprise of trying to find evolutionary explanations for vulnerabilities to disease”
(Nesse)
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What is Evolutionary Medicine trying to find evolutionary explanations for vulnerabilities to?
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‘In the last quarter of the 20th Century we have been witnessing an intense discussion on the nature of health … and disease and on the meaning of these … basic notions of medicine.’
Sadegh-Zadeh, K. (2000)
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‘In the last quarter of the 20th Century we have been witnessing an intense discussion on the nature of health … and disease and on the meaning of these … basic notions of medicine. The discussion seems to have ended up a blind alley, however.’
Sadegh-Zadeh, K. (2000)
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Health and Disease as a continuum
Disease Health
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‘Pathology’
‘Experience’
(+, +)(-, +)
(+, -)(-, -)
+ : Presence, - : Absence
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Baconian (or Inductive)
Francis Bacon (1561-1626)
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Galilean (or Critical)
Galileo Galilei (1564-1642)
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Aristotelian (or Demonstrative)
Aristotle (384-322 BC)
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Kantian (or Deductive)
Immanuel Kant (1724-1804)
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Kantian (or Deductive)
Experimentation
• Based on the idea:
Let’s see what happens if we take a different view• Consists of:
Experiments in which we examine the consequences of varying [our] axioms or presuppositions
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Evolution is fundamental to understanding Biology
therefore
Evolutionary Biology is a basic science for Medicine
Biology is the basic science for Medicine
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Shanidar 1
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Paracelsus (1493-1541)
van Helmont (1579-1644)
Hippocrates (c460-380 BC)
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Linnaeus (Carl von Linné (1707-1778))Systema Naturae (System of Nature) – 1735Genera Morborum (Types of Diseases) - 1763
Thomas Sydenham (1624-1689)
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William Cullen (1710-1790)
Philippe Pinel (1745-1826)
J.L. Schoenlein (1793-1864)
Boissier de Sauvages (1706-1767)
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François Xavier Bichat (1771-1802)
Giovanni Battista Morgagni (1682-1771)
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John Brown (1735-1788)
William Cullen (1710-1790)
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Claude Bernard (1813-1878)
Rudolf Virchow (1821-1902)
François-Joseph-Victor Broussais (1772-1838)
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Robert Koch (1843-1910)
Louis Pasteur (1822-1895)
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Max Delbrück (1906-1981)
Erwin Schrödinger (1887-1961)
Niels Bohr (1885-1962)
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Leçons sur les Phénomènes de la Vie Communs aux Animaux et aux Végètaux
(Claude Bernard – 1878)
5 general characteristics of living beings
• Organization• Generation• Nutrition• Development• Susceptibility to disease and death
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A Philosophy of Life
• Evolution
• Existence
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Evolutionary medicine is
‘[the pursuit of] how evolutionary theory can sharpen the efficacy of medical practice’.
Fabrega, H. (1997)
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By exploring the biological meaning of disease and health,
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By exploring the biological meaning of disease and health, within an evolutionary context
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By exploring the biological meaning of disease and health, within an evolutionary context and as part of human existence,
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By exploring the biological meaning of disease and health, within an evolutionary context and as part of human existence, we may be able to develop a philosophy of ‘life’.
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Exploring The Biological Meaning Of Exploring The Biological Meaning Of Disease And HealthDisease And Health
For a full transcript of the presentation,for which these slides were an accompaniment,
please visit:
https://sites.google.com/site/sjlewis55/presentations/vienna2003