Exploring Success in Shale - uschinaogf.org · Three Pronged Strategy to Drive Growth ......
Transcript of Exploring Success in Shale - uschinaogf.org · Three Pronged Strategy to Drive Growth ......
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Three Pronged Strategy to Drive Growth
Unconventional • Bakken free cash flow positive
in 2015 • Large inventory of high return
Bakken well locations • Leading position in emerging
Utica shale play
Exploitation • High return infill drilling opportunities • Tubular Bells first oil expected
mid 2014 • North Malay Basin early production
commences 4Q13; full field in 2017
Exploration • Geographically focused • Ghana – 7 consecutive discoveries;
appraisal to commence in 2014 • Large lease inventory in deepwater
Gulf of Mexico (~200 blocks)
Mbo
e/d
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Growing Shale Portfolio
Paris Basin • ~650,000 net acres • 3 vertical wells in 2013
Utica Shale • ~135,000 net acres • ~30 wells in 2013
China • JSAs in the east China • PSC signed with CNPC for ~200,000 acres in Santanghu Basin
Bakken Shale • ~645,000 net acres • 14 rig program in 2013
Canning Basin • ~30 MM net acres • Processing aeromagnetic survey in 2013
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Technology Focus - Shale
Sweet spot identification
Rock mechanics
QA / QC of microseismic
Reduced Footprint
Water handling
Drill Cutting disposal
Emissions
In-Place Resource
Pay Indicators
Rock / Fluid Typing
Cutting handling
Well Factory Efficiency
Safety
Production Analysis
Coupled flow Geomechanics
Re-Perm, SCAL, PVT
Simulation
Env. Friendly Drilling
Multi-laterals
Stimulations
Frac technologies
Production logging
Geo-Steering
Reservoir Characterization
Life-Cycle Water Mgmt.
Petroleum Systems
GeoModeling Shale
Technology Focus
Environment
Geoscience
Petrophysics
Operations & Facilities
Drilling & Completions
Reservoir Engineering
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The Challenge
Tight Gas Tight Oil Conventional
Shale Plays
How can liquid production be enhanced in low permeability formations?
Bigger Initial Production and greater Recovery at reduced costs
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Shale oil characteristics
Hydrocarbon liquids found in low permeability formations • Shales, siltstones, sandstones and carbonates
Resource unlocked by technology application similar to shale gas • Horizontal drilling
• Multi-stage hydraulic fracturing
• Pad drilling
First mover play was the Bakken, in North Dakota • Currently at 1 million bbl/d with ~1,000+ wells completed
Other plays are fast followers - Eagle Ford, Utica, Niobrara, Permian …
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Development of technology
1821 1821
First Frac’ed shale gas well
Fredonia, New York
1947
First Commercially Frac’ed well in US
Development of downhole Motors accelerates – key to
Directional drilling
1970’s 1980’s
First commercial Horizontal wells
2000
Initial development of Barnett Shale
2002-2008
Multi-stage fracturing emerges for both vertical
and horizontal wells
Trial & Error approach
2012 +
Gel Fracs Foam Fracs Gas Fracs
1990
Modified from US Dept of Energy, EIA, 2010
Macro Micro Science Nano Science
Gas production increases as Technology improves
2009
Liquid Rich Shales Evolution
Multi-well Pads
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Technology impact on shale oil
2000 2010 2020 2030
Oil
Rec
over
y %
? • Long laterals 3,000 meters + • High flow capacity proppant • Multiport frac sleeves
• Artificial lift for horizontals • Sweet-Spot identification • Green frac fluids • Enhanced proppants • Full physics based modeling • Improved system conductivity • Extended reach wells > 6,000 m • EOR processes • Improved wellbore integrity • Waterless fracturing
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North Dakota Bakken Shale
Asset Details •645,000 net acres
•Current net production ~70 MBOED
•Goal of net production ~120 Mboe/d in 2016
•Typical well interest (Working Interest / Net Royalty Interest)
- Operated: 80% / 65% - Non-Operated : 12% / 10%
•Producing wells - 626 Operated, 663 Non-Operated
•Operating 14 drilling rigs
•Driving value through ‘Lean’ manufacturing and technology
•Well cost and productivity heading to industry leading position
•Play at early stage – material value upside yet to come
Red Sky
Avalanche
East Nesson
Keene
Stony Creek
Buffalo Wallow
Little Knife
Murphy Creek
Panther
Goliath
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Drilling and Completions
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10,000’ TVD; 20,000’ MD; Geo-steering 25-30 Days/Well Drilling Hess Drilling ~170 wells/year
Up to 38 Sleeve Frac Stages/Well 60k lbs Sand per Frac Hess Pumps ~6,000 Frac Stages/year
Typical Well - Completion Typical Well - Drilling
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Drilling
• Education & Training
• Real Time MSE use
• Optimum drilling parameters
• Drilling system optimization
• One-bit run whole section
• Limiter identification
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Technology Optimizes Completions
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• Multi-stage sleeve system first used in Bakken in 2008 • Thoroughly tested and field proven technology • Eliminates cementing and perforating operations • Continuous fracturing operations • Primary and re-fracturing applications • Open or Cased hole • New technology will allow 40+ stages
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Reservoir Assessment
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Net/Gross Thickness Estimated OOIP/Section
Total Organic Carbon (TOC) Maturity (Vitrinite Reflectance)
Organic Porosity
HC Filled Porosity
Mineralogy - Brittleness
Reservoir Pressure Fractures – Ability to Fracture
Source Rock Type (I,II,III,IV)
Inorganic Porosity
GOR Viscosity
Resource Generation
Storage
Deliverability
Bakken Core Photos
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Micro-Seismic Application
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• Microseismic of 42 Frac Stages, Showing Induced Fractures
• Vertical Observation Wells Used to Monitor Seismic Events
Well Bores
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Geophysics - Subsurface Imaging
Standard VHF Lumina
New Seismic Processing to increase resolution using sound wave harmonics
Lumina processing technology uses Music Theory of sound waves having multiple harmonics. Each harmonic is processed separately then combined resulting in increased resolution
Relating seismic attributes to Productivity
Evaluation of > 90 seismic attributes using cluster analysis and multivariate statistics result in a high correlation to 90-day cumulative production
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Seismic Application Improves Well Performance Seismic Dip Top Bakken
Dip Change Indicates Higher Fracture/Subseismic Faulting Probability – Observed During Drilling as Gas/Oil Influx
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Seismic Through Simulation Workflows Understanding Unconventional Rock, Improving Predictions & Maximizing Recovery
Seismic & Geology Static DFN Geo-Stress Microseismic Stimulated DFN Reservoir Simulation
(Petrel) (Petrel or Fracman) (Visage or Abaqus) (Petrel) (Eclipse or Intersect) (MShale, Mangrove, or Abaqus)
‘Small-scale’ Effects Large-scale Heterogeneity Enrichment Using Advanced Numerical Simulation
Cohesive Elements (FEA) Discrete Elements (DEM)
Molecular Dynamics (MD) Computational Fluid Dynamics (Finite Volume)
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Lean Manufacturing
Plan
Do
Check
Adjust
1) Establish “Standard” Design/Procedures • Robust Well Design
• Disciplined Work Flow
2) Select Metrics & Track Performance
•Cycle time (costs) •Defects (rework)
3) Identify Improvements • Celebrate/Reward Transparency • Find Root Causes of Problems
4) Implement Modifications •Change Specs
•Modify Procedures
Culture – Engage Workforce; Create Transparency; Relentlessly Improve
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FRAME ASSEMBLY
PAINT DELIVER TO CUSTOMER
WINDOW ASSEMBLY
DOORS & EXTERIOR
INTERIOR ASSEMBLY
WHEEL ASSEMBLY
The Automobile Assembly Line
The objectives of the assembly line
• Operate safely
• Continually improve quality
• Meet takt time (rate of production to meet customer demand)
• Continually reduce cycle time & cost
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WELL SCOPING
WELL PLANNING
HANDOVER TO OPS
FLOWBACK FRACKING DRILLING SITE CONSTRUCTION
The Well Factory Assembly Line
PERMIT
RIGHT
OF
WAY
LEASEPERMIT
RIGHT
OF
WAY
PERMIT
RIGHT
OF
WAY
PERMITPERMIT
RIGHT
OF
WAYRIGHT
OF
WAY
LEASELEASE
The objectives of the well factory
• Strive for perfect safety and environmental record
• Hand over perfect wells to Operations
• Meet takt time
• Continually shorten cycle time and reduce costs make money faster!
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Jan-07 Jan-08 Jan-09 Jan-10 Jan-11 Jan-12 Jan-13
Reducing Bakken Well Costs…
…While Optimizing Well Productivity
Hess Wells
Peer Wells
Hess has 11 of the Top 25 (or 18 of Top 50) Wells in the Bakken
Drilling Performance: Spud-to-Spud (Days) Drilling & Completion Costs ($ MM)
Bakken Production and Well Delivery Highlights
30-Day Initial Production Rate (BOPD) Average 90-Day Initial Production Rate (MBO)
40% Improvement 37% Improvement
~100% Improvement Industry Data
Hess Data
Source: NDIC, Hess
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The Hess Shale Story
•Shale resource development is leading to a new era of accessible and safe energy supplies around the world
•Hess applies industry leading technology to develop innovative solutions
•Hess respects the environment and ensures the health/safety of our people, partners and the community
•We work hard to be a trusted partner in communities where we operate
•Shale plays create jobs and positive economic effects
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