Exploring For Oil. How is science involved in the exploration for oil and natural gas? Requires an...
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Transcript of Exploring For Oil. How is science involved in the exploration for oil and natural gas? Requires an...
How is science involved in the exploration for oil and natural gas?
• Requires an understanding of geology.
How is technology involved in this exploration?
• Computer models are generated
• Seismic surveys
• Satellites are used to collect data.
Briefly explain the role of sedimentation and dead organisms in producing
oil and natural gas.• Organisms died
• Covered by layers of sediment
• Over time, alternating layers of dead organisms and sediments were formed.
• As the layers stacked up, the tremendous heat and pressure converted the dead organisms into oil and natural gas.
Difference between reservoir rocks and impermeable rocks-
• Reservoir rocks have pores
• Gas and oil pass through them.
• Impermeable “trap” rocks trap fluids and gases so they cannot pass through
Explain how the rocks below the surface of the earth cause this
difference to occur
• Oil seeps through the surface = reservoir allowing it to pass through.
• Oil is below the surface = impermeable rock prevented the oil from seeping through.
Through what type of rock are geoscientists trying to access oil and
natural gas today?
• Impermeable
Sound waves to locate oil on ground-
• Sonic sound waves shot through the ground
• Computer records how long it takes for the waves to echo off each layer of rock.
• Data are used to create maps
•
Sound waves to locate oil and natural gas below the seafloor?
• Submerge an air gun and shoot bursts of sound.
• Hydrophones pick up reflected sound waves.
• The data is collected onboard or by satellite.
How do geoscientists use computer modeling with the data gathered
through sound waves?
• Make 3-d map
Why are “virtual drilling” and visualization rooms so important to
geoscientists?
• Drill efficiently
What are the four aspects that geologists must consider before recommending
additional wells for production to occur?
• Amount that can be produced
• Technology required to bring it to the surface
• Cost of getting it out of the ground
• Time required to start and to maintain production.