Exploring Food aid,

Food security, Food

sovereignty.

Annually, What Global Risk Factor is Responsible Annually, What Global Risk Factor is Responsible for Causing the Most Human Deaths?for Causing the Most Human Deaths?

A. Unsafe sex (HIV-AIDs, etc.)

B. Unsafe water, sanitation, hygiene

C. War and genocide

D. Terrorism

E. Malnutrition

MalnutritionMalnutrition

will be responsible for 3,000 deaths globally, will be responsible for 3,000 deaths globally, mostly women, infants and children, mostly women, infants and children, during during this lecturethis lecture!!

Some WHO Major Risk Factors Causing World Deaths in 2000

0 5,000 10,000 15,000 20,000 25,000 30,000 35,000

Malnutrition

Tobacco

Unsafe sex

Alcohol

Unsafe water,sanitation, hygiene

Occupational safety

Ris

k F

acto

r

Number of Deaths (X1000)(World Health Report, 2002)

Some Major World Risk Factors Causing DeathsSome Major World Risk Factors Causing Deaths

Malnutrition accounts for ≈ 30 million deaths per year (about 1 death per second)WHO: World Health Organization

Asia has the largest number of hungry people (over 500 million) but Sub-Saharan Africa has the highest prevalence (24.8 percent of population).

The vast majority of hungry people (827 million) live in developing countries, where 14.3 percent of the population is undernourished.

MDGs – Millennium Development GoalsWFS – World Food Summit (1996)FAO – Food and Agriculture Organization

Food Aid Food Assistance Food Security Food Insecurity

Food Justice Food Sovereignty

• Worldwide, nearly 842 million people do not have access to good quality food in adequate quantities as a result of conflicts, natural disasters or chronic poverty.

Food Assistance• Food assistance is defined as:

"a range of activities which provide direct transfers to individuals or households for the purpose of increasing the quantity or quality of food consumed by the recipients, either immediately or in the short term."

(Trans-Atlantic Food Assistance Dialogue, or TAFAD, November, 2011)

Food Assistance

• People usually need food assistance for one of two reasons:

Access is a problem when there’s enough food available locally, but people can’t get it due to poverty, livelihood disruption, insecurity, or discrimination.

Availability is a problem when there is no food for people to buy. This if usually due to a natural disaster, such as a drought or flood, or because of conflict.

Food Assistance

• The Government of Canada funds two types of food assistance programs:

emergency food assistanceshort-term response

food assistance in development contexts

medium-to-long-term response

Food Assistance

Canadian funding for food assistance is distributed through two primary channels:

• United Nations World Food Programme (WFP)

• Canadian Foodgrains Bank.

Food Assistance

• The World Food Programme (WFP) is the world's largest humanitarian agency. In 2012, WFP fed more than 97.2 million people in 80 countries and enabled 24.7 million children to take part in school feeding initiatives.

Food Assistance• The Canadian Foodgrains Bank provides food

assistance (cash, grain, and other agricultural commodities) and development assistance to people in need on behalf of 15 Canadian church-based member agencies, including PWRDF. It is Canada's primary non-governmental organization involved in food assistance.

• In 2012-2013, the Canadian Foodgrains Bank, supported by funding from Canada, distributed 40,849 tonnes of food and seeds to 2.2 million beneficiaries in 36 countries.

Food AssistanceFood assistance can be delivered in many different ways.

• Food rations are often distributed directly to people who need it.

• Other times people do some work in exchange for food (food-for-work).

• Other times vouchers or cash are given to people in need so that they can get food from the local market.

Food Assistance

Give a man a fish and he'll eat for a day...

Food Security

• Teach a man to fish and he'll eat for a lifetime...

Food Security

Teach a woman to fish, and the whole family will eat for a lifetime...

Food Security

Food security exists when “all people, at all times, have physical and economic access to sufficient, safe and nutritious food to meet their dietary needs and food preferences for an active and healthy life” (WFS 1996).

Food Security

• PWRDF / CFGB helps people become more food secure with low external-input agriculture technologies such as

• conservation agriculture, replacing tools lost in disasters; water projects such as irrigation canals and sand dams; tree planting; seed banks; and women's groups, which help women organize and start small businesses.

• Give a man a fish and he'll eat for a day...• Teach a man to fish and he'll eat for a

lifetime...• But.........

Food Justice

• What if they don't have access to the pond?• Or what if the water is polluted by others?

Food Sovereignty

• Food Sovereignty is the right of peoples to healthy and culturally appropriate food produced through ecologically sound and sustainable methods, and their right to define their own food and agriculture systems.

TOWARDS FOOD SOVEREIGNTY

•Food security exists when all people, at all times, have physical and economic access to sufficient, safe and nutritious food to meet their dietary needs and food preferences for an active and healthy life.

• Food sovereignty is the right of peoples to define their own food, agriculture, livestock, and fisheries systems in contrast to having food largely subjected to international market forces

SEVEN PILLARS OF FOOD SOVEREIGNTY

1. FOCUSES ON FOOD FOR PEOPLE 2. BUILDS KNOWLEDGE AND SKILLS 3. WORKS WITH NATURE 4. VALUES FOOD PROVIDERS 5. LOCALIZES FOOD SYSTEMS 6. PUTS CONTROL LOCALLY 7. FOOD IS SACRED