Exploring Color Contrast: A Simple Measure to Protect Vulnerable Road Users - Marisa Cruz, EVONIK

Platzhalter Titelbild

Exploring Color Contrast: A Natural and Simple Measure to Protect the Vulnerable Road User Anywhere in the World

Marisa CruzVisioning Workshop EMBARQ Türkie15.09.14

Global megatrends pose new challenges on road markings

Source: WHO Status Report 2013

Turkey and Brazil: Similarities and challenges of two economic potencies

Population: 72 752 324GDP Growth in 2013: 4,0%Death of Vulnerable road users: 26%

Population: 194 946 488GDP Growth in 2013: 2,5%Death of Vulnerable road users: 52%

Platzhalter Titelbild

Exploring Color Contrast: A Natural and Simple Measure to Protect the Vulnerable Road User Anywhere in the World

Marisa CruzVisioning Workshop EMBARQ Türkie15 .09.14

1. Trends in road infrastructure

2. Pavement markings contribute to road safety

3. Examples – real life projects

Visioning Workshop EMBARQ Türkiye 15.09.14

Global megatrends pose new challenges on road markings

MEGATRENDS

Urbanization & accessibility

Life cycle costs & climate

protectionMobility & smart

cars

New challenges for Road Markings

Durability Economy Visibility Sustainability


Growing population & accidents

increase

By the end of 2008, half of the world's population was living in urban areas

1950

1960

1970

1980

1990

2000

2010

2020

2030

2040

2050

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30

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50

60

70

80

Urbanization Projection

Urban

Wo

rld

Po

pu

lati

on

(%

)

Source: UN World Urbanization Prospects: The 2011 Revision

According to the UN Department of Economic and Social Affairs:

• By the end of 2008, half of the world's population lived in urban areas

• Urban areas are expected to absorb population growth

• Until 1970 Tokyo and New York were megacities

• In 2011 the world counted 23 megacities!

• By 2050 it should be between 60-100 megacities!


Sustainable transportation in megacities is a big challenge

Different transport modes tend to be part of urbanization

• High population density:o Density: 4,900 per Km2 on

averageo Amsterdam: 493 per Km2

• Increase in vehicles ownership

• Reduced travel speed, increase in congestion and pollution

Visioning Workshop EMBARQ Türkiye 15.09.14 Source: THE FUTURE OF PERSONAL TRANSPORTATION IN MEGACITIES OF THE WORLD , UMTRI 2010

Policy makers around the world recognize the need of sustainable transport to better accommodate urbanization

European Union – White Paper on Transport:

Working towards a competitive and resource efficient transport system

• Roadmap of 40 concrete initiatives that will increase mobility and will cut Green House Emission in transport by 60% by 2050.

• Transport modes that contribute to less congestion and lower environmental impact should be preferred

• Road safety of vulnerable road users must be the number one priority


There is an urgent need for road infrastructure planning that accommodates urbanization

• All measures can not be implemented simultaneously• Need to identify cost-effective measures that provide immediate positive impact!

Planning Approval Equipping

Slow Process!


Road Infrastructure:

Construction

Color contrast brings flow to

transportation

Cities have tested exclusive bus/bicycle/pedestrian lanes and are actively looking for cost efficient solutions with immediate positive impact

Increased visibility means:

Increased Safety

• Separates fast from slow moving transportation

• Color minimizes intrusion into special lanes and hereby improves safety of users

Increased Economic Incentive

• Reduced travel times, more fuel efficient transportation and increased ridership.

• Protection of vulnerable road users


PHOTO © Transpo Industries


2. Pavement markings contribute to road safety



Pavement markings contribute to road safety: 320 National Road, Guiyang City - China

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3

1 Anti-skid resistanceo Ideal for heavy traffic regionso Descending curveso Rainy conditions

2 Color contrasto Influence road user behavioro “Educates” road user

Nearly no maintenance cost

2

Area markings must:

• Maintain high wear-resistance

• Provide enhanced UV stability

• Be easy to apply


The choice of the road markingmaterial can impact results quality


Advantages Disadvantages

Epoxi based Long historic of use • Long curing time• Unpractical handling• Poor UV-resistance

Thermoplastic Low no-tracking time • High temperature handling (>180°C)• Poor color retention• Prone to deformation in hot climates

Solvent-based Paints Low initial costs • Low durability• High VOC emission• Halogenated organic solvents

restricted in some countries

Cold Plastics • Great UV-resistance• Excelent color

retention• Any color, any

shape• High durability =

Best environmental performance

• Higher initial costs

Area Markings based on DEGAROUTE® - Features and benefits

• Application in a wide range of surface temperatures (5°C-45°C)

• No special equipment needed

• No external heat required

• Can be applied on asphalt or concrete surfaces

• Highly wear-resistant

• Provide enhanced UV stability

• Easy to apply:

o any shape

o any color

o any grip


PHOTO © Transpo Industries PHOTO © Transpo Industries

Cold Plastics for Area Markings:Performance evaluation

Cold Plastics Area MarkingPerformance evaluation

Turntable testaccording to EN 13197 (Wear Simulation)

AETEC – Madrid, ES

Outdoor Surveillance Roundabout

B50 at Kilometer 86.55Markt St. Martin, Austria


Visual consistency: Pictures taken at the beginning (prior to test run)

AETEC Turntable TestVisual Consistency

After 8,000,000 wheel passages

Corresponds to the “double” of the traffic load of “Approval Class P7”!

• Outstanding performance after 8,000,000 wheel passages,

which corresponds to simulating 8 years life cycle at 40.000ADT.


Comparison of SRT value of DEGAROUTE® based RTU Area Marking

AETEC Turntable TestSkid Resistance

0

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0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

SRT

Nr. of wheel roll over in Mio.

SRT 45

DEGAROUTE #2

Even after 8 Million wheel passages, minimum SRT requirements of 45 have been met

DEGAROUTE #1


Cold Plastics Area MarkingPerformance evaluation

Turntable testaccording to EN 13197 (Wear Simulation)

AETEC – Madrid, ES

Outdoor Surveillance RoundaboutB50 at Kilometer 86.55Markt St. Martin, Austria


Source: GoogleEarth

Application: RoundaboutADT: 15,000 vehicles

Coating material: ready-to-use containingDEGAROUTE®

tomato red, ~RAL 3013

Application: 07/2007

Evaluation: 10/201010/2012

Evaluation Institute: Technical College and

Research Institute for the

Chemical Industry, Vienna

Test Method: Grip coefficient PTV*

(Skid resistance)

according to

EN 1436 (2009)

Source: GoogleEarth

Roundabout – Outdoor Surveillance Markt St. Martin, Austria


Results:

For all the measurement points…the minimum skid resistance values of 45 PTV (SRT) units were exceeded, thus satisfying the requirements of the standards.

525550515250525448514747

646450

726753

6761

526465

576871

51

686565687165676761

0

20

40

60

80

100

PTV (SRT)

MinimumSkidResistance45

ext.mid.Markt St.

Martinint.

ext.mid.undeveloped

int.ext.mid.Eisenstadt

int.ext.mid.Landsee

int.

20082010

Average SRT Values of Area Marking Roundabout Markt St. Martin, Austria

• Material to be set as standard for roundabouts in Burgenland, Austria• Main focus - potentially street sections with high traffic density and accident prone• Other federal states to be informed about results

2012

Roundabout – Outdoor Surveillance Markt St. Martin, Austria

All pictures and information property of Evonik Industries and Transpo Industries



2. Functional road markings contribute to road safety



DEGAROUTE® around the world –Pavement markings - Examples

Pavement markings based on DEGAROUTE® prove their contribution to road safety in projects all around the world


http://www2.kleinezeitung.at/allgemein/video/multimedia.do?action=showEntry_VideoDetail&project=462&id=124016

http://www.wuzhoudaily.cn/html/2011-11/03/content_218605.htm

Crosswalk Safety in Denver, CO

Several pedestrians a year were injured at this Denver Crosswalk

High visibility color was used to decrease that number by 50%.

Installation

• Red area markings were used to define crosswalks at three busy intersections

• The largest of the intersections was 16 lanes of traffic.

• The material covered a 440m2 area

• Reflective beads were added to the surface of the white accent stripe.


Source: GoogleEarth

PHOTO © Transpo Industries

http://www.9news.com/rss/story.aspx?storyid=223464

In summary: Colored Area Markings can influence positively road user behavior

Colored area markings contribute to road safety by offering:

• Anti-skid resistance

• Color contrast that influences road user behavior

• Better traffic flow and GHG emission reduction

• A sustainable contribution to smoother urbanization and accessibility.

Thank you for your attention!

[email protected]


Exploring Color Contrast: A Simple Measure to Protect Vulnerable Road Users - Marisa Cruz, EVONIK

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