Exploration Review
description
Transcript of Exploration Review
![Page 1: Exploration Review](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062501/56816650550346895dd9cf31/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Exploration ReviewChapter Two
![Page 2: Exploration Review](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062501/56816650550346895dd9cf31/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Exploration – Seeking new lands and new routes to old lands.
Finished Goods – Made out of raw materials (e.g tree > paper); sold for profit (see mercantilism cycle)
European Fisherman – Attracted to North America (Atlantic coast)
![Page 3: Exploration Review](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062501/56816650550346895dd9cf31/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Reasons for ExplorationKings and Queens looking for a short and cheap
route to the Far East (silk & spices).Power struggle between the European powers
(Portugal, Spain, England, France, Holland).Age of Exploration (Renaissance
Period/Crusades) – Renewed interest in knowledge (maps) and technology (ship building).
Mercantilism – Economic theory where a country acquires wealth by developing colonies as a source of raw materials and markets for finished goods.
![Page 4: Exploration Review](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062501/56816650550346895dd9cf31/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Ethnocentrism – A belief that one’s culture is best.
Acculturation – When two cultures meet and affect each other over a period of time.
![Page 5: Exploration Review](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062501/56816650550346895dd9cf31/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
![Page 6: Exploration Review](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062501/56816650550346895dd9cf31/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
John CabotItalian born
Explored and claimed lands for England
Mid-1400s
Discovered cod fish on the coast of Newfoundland
![Page 7: Exploration Review](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062501/56816650550346895dd9cf31/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Jacques CartierFrench mariner who was paid by the King of
France to search for a short route to the Far East.
Reached the Gulf of Saint Lawrence in 1534 and placed a cross claiming “Long live the King of France.”
Sailed up the Saint Lawrence up to Montreal in 1535.
Established a permanent French settlement in 1541, but the settlement failed
![Page 8: Exploration Review](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062501/56816650550346895dd9cf31/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
![Page 9: Exploration Review](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062501/56816650550346895dd9cf31/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Colonization When the mother country brings a separate region
under its direct control.
To control the newly claimed lands, colonization was essential.
Colonies were a source of cheap raw materials (fish and furs), cheap labour and a market for manufactured finished goods.
Important part of the trading theory “mercantilism.”
![Page 10: Exploration Review](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062501/56816650550346895dd9cf31/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Fur Trading CompaniesTrading companies managed the French fur trade
in North America.
Pierre Du Gua de Monts – Was granted a monopoly (control all of the buying and selling) on the fur trade in Canada in 1603.
In 1604 , de Monts and Samuel de Champlain (his map maker) established a French establishment in Ste. Croix Island in Acadia.
In 1605, Du Gua moved the settlement to Port Royal.
![Page 11: Exploration Review](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062501/56816650550346895dd9cf31/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
![Page 12: Exploration Review](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062501/56816650550346895dd9cf31/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Charter – Kings gave permission to explore and settle the lands.
Emigrate – Leave one country for another.
Scurvy – Lack of vitamin C; Natives showed the Europeans how to cure this (i.e. fresh food)
![Page 13: Exploration Review](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062501/56816650550346895dd9cf31/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Samuel de ChamplainWas called the “Father of New France” because he tried
hard to establish a permanent settlement in New France.
He was a navigator and a map maker by profession.
Wanted to bring Christianity to the First Nations people.
Sometimes acted as a missionary for the Catholic Church.
Established a settlement in Quebec in 1608.
Created an alliance (union) with the Huron and Algonquin against the English, Dutch and Iroquois.
![Page 14: Exploration Review](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062501/56816650550346895dd9cf31/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Jesuits / Black RobesCatholic Religion – hospitals, schools,
Christianity
![Page 15: Exploration Review](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062501/56816650550346895dd9cf31/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Company of 100 Associates1627 – France granted the Company of the
100 Associates a monopoly on the fur trade in New France.
Company of 100 Associates promised to bring 4000 French Catholics to settle New France over the next 15 years.
Went out of business in 1663 due to war between England and France
![Page 16: Exploration Review](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062501/56816650550346895dd9cf31/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Company of HabitantsIn 1645, the Company of 100 Associates
allowed the Company of Habitants to take over the monopoly on the fur trade in New France.
![Page 17: Exploration Review](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062501/56816650550346895dd9cf31/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
![Page 18: Exploration Review](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062501/56816650550346895dd9cf31/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Algonkian PeopleLived in the eastern woodlands
Included Algonquin, Ottawa, Micmac & Montagnais.
![Page 19: Exploration Review](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062501/56816650550346895dd9cf31/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Huron PeopleLived in the eastern woodlands.
Was a farming group.
Had a long established trading network among tribes before the European Men came.
Champlain and the French established a trading network and alliance with the Huron.
![Page 20: Exploration Review](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062501/56816650550346895dd9cf31/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
![Page 21: Exploration Review](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062501/56816650550346895dd9cf31/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
````Coureurs de bois” - Runners of the Woods
Adventurist young men of New France who would go into the woods for furs.
They expanded the fur trade and explored deep into the Canadian interior.
Increased French control over the area.
![Page 22: Exploration Review](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062501/56816650550346895dd9cf31/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
``
Huron Extinction
European diseases - small pox and measles
Lack of guns – French did not supply many unless they gave a lot more furs
War with the Iroquois
![Page 23: Exploration Review](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062501/56816650550346895dd9cf31/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
``
British Colonization
Thirteen Colonies in USA – East coastTobacco – gold and silver failedJamestown 1607
Hudson’s Bay Company – R & G – French traders
Built trading posts at the mouths of riversRupert’s Land