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8/2/2019 Exploration of fresh water prawn feed industry of Bangladesh
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International Aquafeed is published five times a year by Perendale Publishers Ltd of the United Kingdom.All data is published in good faith, based on information received, and while every care is taken to prevent inaccuracies,the publishers accept no liability for any errors or omissions or for the consequences of action taken on the basis ofinformation published.Copyright 2012 Perendale Publishers L td. All rights reserved. No par t of this publication may be reproduced in any form
or by any means without prior permission of the copyright owner. Printed by Perendale Publishers Ltd. ISSN: 1464-0058
March | April 2012
Feature title: Exploration of fresh water prawn feed industry of Bangladesh
The International magazine for the aquaculture feed industry
http://www.aquafeed.co.uk/http://www.aquafeed.co.uk/ -
8/2/2019 Exploration of fresh water prawn feed industry of Bangladesh
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Bangladesh is endowed withvast
waterareasintheformofponds,
dighis, lakes, streams andrivers,
coastalareas,naturaldepressions
and estuaries covering an area of 4.56
millionha(DoF,2011),etcwherefishcanbe
culturedprofitably.
Fisheriesarediversewithfish andshrimpinthefreshandmarinewatersofBangladesh
that playa majorroleinnutrition,employ-
ment and foreign exchange earnings with
about12 millionpeopleareassociated with
thefisheriessector.
Around400,000haof ponds/ditchesand
morethan900,000 householdsareinvolved
inaquaculture(ADB,2005).
Varietiesofcultural,socio-economicaland
institutionalsettingstogetherwiththediversi-
fiedsetof aquaticspeciesand farmingprac-
ticeshas givenamultidimensionalidentityin
thesectorofaquaculture.Therapidgrowthin
aquacultureproductionhasmadethe sector
importanttoBangladesh.
Crustacean, the most prominent prod-
uctfrom aquaculture ininternational trade
hasbeenthemajor force behindincreased
shrimp/prawn trading.Sincethelate1980s,
farmedprawnhastendedtoactasastabilising
factorforthisindustry.
Feeding fish thoughtto be unnecessaryFeedingfishorany otheraquaticdomes-
ticated aquatic organisms was considered
unnecessaryinthispartof theworld.Most
people thought that even farmed aquatic
organismswereunnatural.Thesebeliefswas
duetoignoranceandpartlytothefactthat
fishandshrimpgrowbeyondoureyesight.
Introductionof pellettypes supplemental
table: h tms and condition of th suvy study is as foows:
asks expctation /rsuts
1.expo diffnt typs of pawn fdavaiab in th makt:a. loca mad by oca sma industy o by
houshodb. Impotdc. Distibution systm though tai/
whosa
-Possib to know th typs of fd usd in thpawn faming aas-Possib to know th nam and poduct ofcompany-Find out th band nam of fd-Possib to know th ingdints usd-Know th suppy systm fo btt pofit magins
2.Catgoiz th fd basd on quaity dquat quaity gad of pawn fd wi bavaiab in th maktPossib to idntify th quaity gad fdavaiab in th maktenistmnt of quaity gad fd as p gad
3.o know th makt sha of th xistingcompanisa. Poduction capacityb. Pocss of manufactuing (pt/powd)c. economics of diffnt typ of fd usd in
industis and thi fficincisd. Infomation on ingdints usd in fd
companis. Compaativ studis on th pic and
nutitiv vau btwn oca andcommcia mad
f. Fomuation of ow cost fd usd ocay
Possib to know th fd makt shaand to compiancs on us andguations
Whth fd is asiy intak &digstionKnow th capacity and sing piceconomics of fd can b assdIngdints can b knownPic and nutitiv vau can b assd
4. o assss th impication on th poduction Gowth dpndncy wi b knownCost bnfit anaysis wi b dtmindChoic of atnat fd wi b known
5.Idntification of hazads ingdintshamfu antibiotics and oth bannd/hamfu substancs
Possib to dtct nito fuan and oth hazadssubstancs contaminatd in th fdIdntify th % of diffnt typs of ingdintsusd in th fd
6. Coction of pimay and sconday datafom th diffnt soucs ona. Makt shab. ratio of ingdintsc. ppication of dosags of fdd. Stoing systm
Can b usd as a gowth toosQuaity can b assud
7. Ppa a fina pot on fd with a wdfind C
Infomation on compt study on fd maktwi b avaiab
Exploration
of the fresh water prawnfeed industry of Bangladesh
byAyazHasanChisty1,PrabalBarua2*andJewelDas3
30 | IntentIon AquAFeed | March-pril 2012
FEATURE
feedingstartedinthecountryinlate1990s
whensemi-intensiveshrimpfarmingofbrack-
ishwaterstartedinthesoutheasternpartof
thecoastalareaandinthebeginningoflast
decadeinfreshwater,whenThaicatfishfarm-
ingstartedgettingpopular.
Beforethatafewfarmsusedricebranand
oilcakesmashfrominaquaculture.
Supplementalfeedsinpelletformforsemi-
intensive Peneaus monodon farming were
mostlyimportedandajointventurecompany
started producing severalthousandtonnes
annuallyinthecountry.
However,semi-intensivePeneaus mono-
donfarmingstartedandvanishedlikebubbles,
aquaculturefeedimportsceasedtoexistand
the joint venture company switched over
toproducinglow-cost aquaculturefeedsfor
fishes.
Since than pellets became familiar and
severalcompanies andprivate farmowners
arenowproducingpelletsforfishandshrimp
inthe way they l ike.Mostof the pellets
producedasfeedcontainsmorejunksthan
nutritionallyrequiredproportionalingredients.
Improperfeedsprovidedtoaterrestrialani-
malmaycauseharmtoitortheanimalcan
denyconsumingandproviderhas anoption
tochangeor modifytomakeit palatable.In
caseofaquacultureoncefeed(sinking)ispro-
vided,itisdifficulttoknowthatpercentageof
feedbeingconsumedbytargetanimal.
The impact of poorerquality feeds
To make things worse uneaten feed/
particlespartlyusedasfertiliserinaquaticeco-
system andpollutethe waterbodyrapidly,
ifwaterexchange isnot practiced (Tacon,
1996).InBangladeshaquaculturemostponds
arerainfedandhardlyhasanyscopeofwater
exchange.
Therefore,costeffective qualityfeedis a
mustforaquaculture.
Badqualityfeed translated intopoorer
productionperformance,polluteswaterbod-
ies,degradeeco-systemandenvironmentand
mayleadtooutbreakofdiseaseinaquacul-
turefarms(Baruaetal,2011).
Itis very muchdifficultto findoutthe
timewhenformulatedfeedwasintroducedin
aquafarmsofBangladesh,butitiswellknown
thatduringtheintroductionofsemiintensive
methodsupplementaryfeedwasintroduced.
EspeciallyinshrimpfarmslocatedinCoxs
Bazaarusedfishmeal,rice brananddifferent
types of oilcakes as supplementaryfeed.
Local farmer started to use this mixture
in1987-1988. TheMeghna Farm ofCoxs
bazarfirst usedthepelleted feed in1989.
SaudiBanglaFishfeedLtd, firstmanufactured
pelleted feed in1990. In2001, Bangladesh
IntegratedFishery andPoultry Limitedfirst
introducedfloatingfeedwhichisverycostly.
Accordingtoresearchreportandvarious
surveysitwasfoundthatthereare100feed-
millsinBangladeshthat produceaquaculture
feedandpoultryfeedtogether.
Itis clearthat thereis nospecificstudy
emphasisingsustainability/feasibility of feed-
basedaquaculture,especiallyinBangladesh.
Infact, theproductionof aqua-feedshas
beenwidelyrecognised asoneof thefast-
e st e xpa nd -
ing agriculturali nd us tr ie s i n
theworld,with
annual growth
rates in excess
of 30 percent
peryear(Tacon,
1996). On the
basis of differ-
ent categories
of species, 25
percentof total
aqua-feed pro-
d uc ti on w as
for shrimp and
prawn.
The efforts
have been
p laced on the
useof by-prod-
ucts from the
muchlargerand
faster-growing
terrestrial agri-
c ul tu ra l p ro -
duction sector,
i nc lu di ng : 1 )
terrestrial ani-
mal by-product
mea ls r esul t-
i ng f rom t he
processing (i .e.
rendering) of
non-food grade livestock by-products; 2)
plantoilseedandgrainlegumemeals;3)cereal
by-productmeals;and4)miscellaneouspro-
teinsources suchas single-cellproteins,leaf
proteinconcentrates,invertebratemeals,etc.
However, theeventualsuccessof these
potentialfeedresourcesas fishmealreplace-
ment in aquafeeds will depend upon the
further developmentand useof improved
March-pril 2012 | IntentIonAquAFeed | 31
FEATURE
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techniquesinfeedprocessing/manufac-
ture(Riaz,1997)andfeedformulation,
includingthe increaseduseof specific
feed additives suchas feedingstimu-
lants,free aminoacids, feedenzymes,
probiotics and immune-enhancers
(HardyandDong,1997).
Feed isthemajorcostvariablein
shrimp aquaculture representing up
to 60percentof totalcosts (Sarac
et al , 1993). Feed costs constitute
40-60 percent of operational costs
in production of the freshwater
prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii
(DAbramoandSheen,1991).Initial
effortstoreducefeedcostsforaqua-
culturespecies often includereplace-
mentofexpensiveanimalproteinwith
plantproteinmeals,whicharegenerally
lessexpensive(Tidwellet al.,1993),
orelimination ofexcess vitaminand
mineralpremixesfromthediet(Trio
etal.,1992).
Therefore,effortsshould bemade
wheneverpossibleto increasedusage
of locally available feed ingredient
sources so as to reduce the cur-
rentdependenceofimportedsources
(Rabobank,1995;Best,1996).Thelocal
productionoffarm-madeaquafeedsby
small-scalefarmersplays animportant
role inthatit faci l itates the use oflocallyavailablefeedingredientsources
andagriculturalby-productsthatwould
otherwisenotbeused(New,1996).
However,inclusionofdifferentfood
ingredients,additives,growthpromot-
ersandothersupplementsmightaccu-
mulatesomehealthhazardousmateri-
alsintothemuscleoftheprawnthat
mightcausethe rejectionofexported
prawn from differentimportercoun-
tries.
Facingthefact,thisrealityisprevail-
ingnowadayinthissectorthatmakes
a greatsetbackto the economy of
Bangladesh.
However, thissurveyprojecthad
been carried out to get base l ine
information on different prawn feed
industriesandenterprisersandmarket
situations.
Thisstudyusedbothprimaryand
secondarydatatoachieveitsobjectives.
Primarydatawere collectedfromthe
fishfarmers, fishentrepreneurs(those
provided pond andcapital butwere
notdirectlyrelated),feed manufactur-
ers,feeddealersandfeedretailers.
The survey collected information
oncost,return,price,catchandfeed
compositionoffishculture.
Ontheotherhand,secondarydata
comprisedtime seriesinformationon
table 1: is of differe feed mills d heir cpciy d ure of feed
Sl.no.
nme d addressProduciocpciy
(to/ Hour)Purpose
1 a CI F ee ds , V dr G h , S hir j Go j 20 P oul r y, F i fis h & sh rim p/p r w
2 a f b f eed s d. , upg o j, n r y g oj 10 P oul r y, F if is h
3 aIt Feeds d., Shopipur, gzipur 20 Poulry, Fifish
4 ale Feeds, Bgher Bzr, Gzipur 10 Poulry, Fifish
5 a m Fe ed s, Ull h Pr , Sh ir j go j 10 P oul r y, Fi f is h & sh rim p/p r w
6 By agro Feeds, Shopipur, Gzipur 5 Poulry, Fifish
7 Bisws Feeds, Kshimpur, Gzipur 5 Poulry, Fifish
8 Bismi llh feed Mil ls ,aki, Fkirh, Khu l 5 Pou lry, Fifi sh & Shr imp/prw
9Bismillh feed Mills, nodg,Chderh, Mollrh, Khul
3.5
10 BnS Feeds, Shikudu, chigog 5 Poulry, Fifish
11 BaC Feeds, Sreepur, Gzipur 14 Poulry, Fifish & Shrimp/prw
1 2 CP Feeds , H emyepu r, s hv r, Dhk 1 0 Pou l ry, F i fi sh & Shr imp/prw
13 xcel feed, trishl, Mymeshigh 5 Poulry, Fifish
1 4 Fk ir h Feed mil ls l d ., fk ir h , Bgerh 3 Pou l ry, F i fi sh & Shr imp/prw
15Jmu Feeds ld., Pdmbil, Bshudi,Jessore
5 Poulry, Fifish
16 Jyso agreove (Jssofeed), vbipur,Memberbri, Gzipur
10 P oul r y, Fi fis h
1 7 Jes sore Feed d ., Bshu d i , J es sore 1 3 Pou l ry, F i fi sh & Shr imp/prw
18 Kzi Feeds, dudkdi, Comill 40 Poulry, Fifish
19 io Feeds, Chd, Gzipur 20 Poulry, Fifish
20 ucky Feeds, Klikoir,Gzipur 5 Poulry, Fifish
21M.M ag Feeds, Bizid Bosmi od,Chigog
10 P oul r y, Fi fis h
22Specr Hex Feed Mills d., Puri,Mikgo
7 Pou lry, Fifi sh & Shrimp/prw
17 Mo o Fe ed s, Ch lk p r , M w , G zip ur 5 P oul r y, Fi fis h
9 niol Feeds, memberbri, Gzipur 13 Poulry, Fifish
27 new hope Feeds, sreepur, Gzipur 30 Poulry, Fifish
12 nir ibil i Feeds d. , BISIC C/a, Coxs Bzr 10 Pou lry, Fifish & Shrimp/prw
4 0 nor h Khu l F is h Feeds , Koi , Khu l 5 Pou l ry, F i fi sh & Shr imp/prw ( ?)
16nourish Feeds, Hobirbri, Vluk,Mymesigh
50 P oul r y, Fi f is h
8 P r go f eed s, Vb ip ur, G z ip ur 15 P oul r y, F if is h & S hr im p/ pr w
36 Poch Feeds, Blikdi, Kishoregoj 8 Poulry, Fifish
11 P ro vi F eed s, S hi k u du , C hi g og 10 P oul r y, F if is h
14 Q ul i y F ee ds , B ghe r B z r, G zip ur 5 P oul r y, Fi f is h & Shr im p/ pr w
13 Quliy feeds, Bo gr Ui, Bogr 5 Poulry, Fifish & Shrimp/prw
33Sudi Bgl Fish Feeds, Vluk,Mymesigh
15 Poulry, Fifish & Shrimp/prw
4 S GS Feed s, Mh e dr n g r, lm o irh 5 P oul r y, Fi f is h
3 Shh am Feed, Bogr 5 Poulry, Fifish
37 S hu sh m fee ds , C hurk hi, Mym esi g h 10 P oul r y, Fi f is h
22 SMS Feeds, Sreepur, Gzipur 3 Poulry, Fifish
32 S u y F ee ds , V luk , M ym es ig h 10 P oul r y, F if is h & S hr im p/ pr w
29 Supreme Feeds, Kshimpur, Gzipur 9 Poulry, Fifish
31 tmim gro Feeds, Bogr 5 Poulry, Fifish
20 teer Feed, upgj, nrygoj 10 Poulry, Fifish
38 U i ed F eed , M eg h Gh , nr y g o j 10 P oul r y, F if is h
6 Ush Feed, Shvr, Dhk 15 Poulry, Fifish &Shrimp/prw
32 | IntentIon AquAFeed | March-pril 2012
FEATURE
productionofrice;wheatandothermother/
originalfeedproduces.Primarydatawerecol-
lectedthroughdirectinterviewswhilesecond-
arydatawerecollectedfromdifferentissues
ofBangladeshBureauof Statistics(BBS) and
unpublishedbutreliabledocumentsofdiffer-
entfeedcompanies.
Feedformulationistheprocessofdesign-
inga mixturethatwillmeetthenutritional
requirement ofthe animalwhile takinginto
account certain practical considerations
(acceptabilityofmixturetotheanimal,ability
ofthe mixturetobepelletedcost, etc).On
thebasisof farmerseconomicconditionin
Bangladesh,feedformulationprocessdivided
intotwo types1) smallscalefeed industry
and2)largescalefeedindustry.
Smallscalefeedindustryalsodividedinto
twotypesthatarehomemadeandonfarm
feed.Poorfarmers whocannot ableto buy
feedfrommarketandmachine,producefeed
byhandinhishomeiscalledhomemadefeed.
Very cheap andlocally availabletwo to
fouringredientsinmarketareusedforformu-
lationof homemade feed.The formulation
processisveryeasy.
Home made feed hasa long historyof
feedformulationinBangladesh.Thisfeednot
needtotransferanywhere,itdistributedinto
thepondassoonaspossiblebyfarmers.On
table 2: me of Brnd feed by formulted feed industry
S/ me of Industry Brnd me
aCI Fee ds, Vd r Gh t, Sh ir j go nj a CI Fee d
B ismi ll h feed, Fki rht , Khul n ) its , b ) Modhumot i & c ) bl k
CP Feeds, Hemyetpur, shvr, Dhk CP Prwn feed
F k ir h t F eed M ill s td. ) B or k , b) S hp l , c ) n in , d) D i mo nd, e)Boishkhi, f) Doyel & g) oshib
Jessore Feed ) Ush, b) Prgon & c) Chmk
ir ibil i Feeds, BISIC I/a, Coxs Bzr ir ibil i Prwn Feed
orth Khuln Feeds, Koi, Khuln ) bil, b) Pshur, c)K Feed, d) Virb & e)Confidence
Prgon feeds, Vbnipur, Gzipur Prgon Prwn Feed
Qulity Feeds, Bgher Bzr, GzipurQulity feeds, Bogr Unit, Bogr
Qulity: ) Gold, b) Specil & c) Suborn
Sudi Bngl Fish Feeds, Vluk, Mymensingh Sudi Bngl, Sudi Bngl Specil Prwn Feed
Spectr Hex Feeds td., Pturi, Mnikgon Meg Feed
Ush Feed, Shvr, Dhk Ush Feed
March-pril 2012 | IntentIonAquAFeed | 33
FEATURE
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8/2/2019 Exploration of fresh water prawn feed industry of Bangladesh
4/6
theotherhand,aquafarmersformulatedfeed
withfewingredientsneartheirfarmingsiteby
knownason-farmfeed.
Inrainyseasonoranyrainydayon-farm
feedcannotproduce. Locallyingredientsare
usedforfeed formulation.Thisfeedmaybe
neededtotransferornot.
Largescalefeedindustryoraquaculture
feedprocessingtechnologyisanewconcept
inBangladesh.
Feedproducedfor commercialpurposes
in the industryare called large-scale feed.
Int hefeedmill,feed producedby largeand
scientificmachineandmaintainhighlystandard
forqualityoffeed.
Generally floatingfeed andsinking feed
formulated byfeedmillsare consideredas
largescalefeedindustry.Floatingfeedformu-
lationisverynewphenomenoninBangladesh.
Bysupplyingfloatingfeedintothefarmerscan
observethefishfeedingandmaybeableto
detectdiseasesorotherproblems.
Other advantages
of the floating feed
includehigher digest-
ibilityduetotheheat
appliedduring manu-
facture, better waterstability and no loss
of pellets in bottom
mud.
Its primarily dis-
advantagesarehigher
costpossible lossof
certainnutrients dur-
ing processing and
increasedbulk.Sinking
feeds produce from
1990 when Saudi-
B an gl a f is h f ee d
industry established
inMymensinghdistrict
whichthefirstisfeed
industryinBangladesh.
After establishingthis
industry it has great
revolutioninaquacul-
turefishfeedsectorin
Bangladesh.
According to the
newspaper, research
report it was found
that there are 100
feedmillsareavailable
inBangladeshthatare
producedaquaculture
feedandpoultryfeed
intogether.
Information of all
thefishfeedindustries
andenterprisesof Jessore,Khulna, Bagerhat,
Satkhira,Narailwas collectedby visitingthe
industries andenterprisesthrough aset of
questionnairesandthatofoutsidetheseareas
were collectedby visitingtheofficeof the
respectiveindustryandfromothersources.
Types of prawn feedon the marketIthasbeenobservedfromthesurveythat
allmostall ofthesefeed industries manu-
facturefeedforpoultry,around27 percent
oftheseindustriesproducefeedforprawn
usingthesamemachineandonlyoneindus-
try(Specta Hexa)useseparate machinefor
prawnfeedpreparation(seeTable1).
Most of the industries produce sinkingtypecompact pelletandcrumble. Onlyone
industry(MegaFeed)producedboth sinking
andfloatingtypes(forfinfish)althoughsinking
pelletsarerequiredforprawnfeeding.
Theproductioncapacityofthefeedindus-
tryvariesfromthreeto40tonnes/hourand
themachineriesusedfor feedmanufacturing
areimported fromChina, Taiwan,Thailand,
GermanyandIndiaandlocallymade.
Inmostofthecasesithasbeenobserved
thatmostoftheindustriesdonotusediffer-
enttoolsfromasinglecountryoforigin.Only
oneprawn/shrimpfeedhasbeenreportedto
importfromIndia(CPFeed).
Theseprawnfeedindustriesuseeithersin-
glebrandnameoftheirproductsordifferent
tradenamesof theirproducts(seeTable2)
dependingontheirmarketstrategy.
However,allthesefeedindustriesinclude
almostsameingredientsintheirmanufactured
feed(seeTable3).
Mostofthesefeedindustriesappointone
ormore dealer(wholesaler)ineach district
fortheirmarketingfromwhichthesubdeal-
ers(retailers)purchasethefeedforthelocal
sale.Ithasalsobeenobservedthatsomefeed
industries(Saudi-Bangla,CP) go forc ontact
farmingthroughtheiragents.
SomefeedindustriesingreaterKhulnause
dealer,subdealer anddirectsalefromthe
millgatefortheirmarketing(viz.Bismillahand
Fakirhatfeedmills).
table 3: ist f differet igrediets used fr prw feed frmulti
Sl.n.
nme f the i g redi e ts ori gi
1 Bider Imprted (Chi, USa thers)
2 De-ftted rice br Imprted (Idi)
3 Deftted sybe mel Imprted (Idi)
4 Fishmel cl/imprted (Idi)
5 i mes t e / Di -c lc iumphsphte
Imprted (Idi)
6 Mize cl/imprted (Idi)
7 M e t d b e me l I mp rt ed (a us trl i , Cr t i,nrwy, Ukrie, Belgium,
etc.)
8 Mustrd il cke cl/imprted (Idi)
9 pe seed mel Imprted (Idi)
10 ice plishig cl
11 Sesme il cke cl
12 Shrk il cl
13 Sybe il clly purchsed14 ble slt cl
15 Whet flur cl
table 4: Prximte cmpsiti f Prw feed
ypes ffeed
Feed sized shpe
Misture ash Prtei Ft
nursery Grulr 11.0% 16% 30% 5%
Strter Crumble 11.0% 16% 17% 5%
Grwer Pellet ,1.8mm
11.0% 17% 25% 4%
Fiisher Pellet,.2mm
11.0% 17% 30% 4%
34 | IntentIon AquAFeed | March-pril 2012
FEATURE
However,ithasbeenobservedthatsome
ofthe industriesappointtechnicalpersonnel
infisheriesbackgroundastheiremployeewho
givesupportservicetotheprawnfarmersand
dealers.
Ahugenumberoffeeds(morethan35)
wereusedforfishinthestudyareaandthe
farmersfollowednostandarddosestoapply
them. From the overall survey of prawn
feedformulation,itisclearthatintermsof
quantityused,ricebranappearedtobethe
largestfeeditemfollowedbyricepolish,rice
andmusselmeal,soybeanmeal,wheatfloor,
maizeetc.
Ithasalsobeenobservedthatthereare
someenterprisesthatonlymanufacturefeed
locally using hauler machine (22hp, China)
andonlygetthemakingcost.Inthiscase,the
prawnfarmersdirectlybringdifferentingredi-
entstotheenterpriseandmixdifferentfeed
ingredientsin variedratiosprior tomaking
thefeed.However,thecompositionofthese
isnotclear.
Feed qualityMostofthecom-
panyuseone,fiveand
20kgpackfornursery
feed and 25kg pack
for grower and fin-
isherprawnfeed.
Nutritional infor-
mation labeled on
each pack/bagis the
protein,lipid,fiberand
moisturepercentages.
However,insome
cases energylevelof
thefeedisalsomen-
tioned without any
clarification (gross,
digestibleormetaboli-
gible)andnoFCRfor
prawnismentioned.
Y et t he a ct ua l
nutrient content of
the respective feed
to be determined
before drawing any
conclusionisbetteras
personalinterview of
someofthemanufac-
turerrevealst hatthe
nutritionalinformation
labeledonthepackis
on assumption basisratherdetermination.
However,fromthe
labelitwasnotedthat
prawn nursery feed
contains 35-42 per-
cent proteinwhereas
grower and finisher
contain24-28percent
protein.No crumble
unitobservedinmostoftheindustriesrather
theyproducecrumblebybreakingthepellet
followedbysievingthroughadesiredmeshed
sieve.
Hence,itcouldbeassumedthatinsome
cases theproteinlevelofthe nurseryfeed
wouldnotbehigherasitis declared( see
Table4)
Market share of theexisting companies
Prawnfarmingareasaregraduallyincreas-
ingdaybydayastheinvasionofsalinewater
inthe shrimpfarming areasis opposedby
themarginallocalfarmers.Itisassumedthat
approximately50,000haofcoastalandinland
areaisusedforprawnfarming.
Hence,considering212kgprawnpro-
ductionperacrethetotalprawnproduc-
tionismorethan26,000tonnesperyear.
I fwe consider theaverageFCR i s 2.5
thenrightnowtheprawnfeedrequire-
mentismorethan65,482tonnes/year.
table 5: Praw feed producio ad marke share of differe feedidusries
name of he compay Producio/yr (Mt) Marke Share (%)
norh Khula Fish Feed 50 0.076357
Jessore Feed d 200 0.305427
Fakirha Feed Mills d. 500 0.763569
Bismillah Feed Mills 20,000 30.54274
Saudi Bagla Fish Feed d 500 0.763569
Specra Hexa Feeds d. 500 0.763569
Suy Feed d. 5,000 7.635686
Qualiy Feed d. 7,000 10.68996
niribili Feeds d. 3,000 4.581412ma Feed Mill 500 0.763569
CP Feed 1,200 1.832565
her 27,032 41.28081
toal 65,482 100
March-pril 2012 | IntentIonAquAFeed | 35
FEATURE
THE 7THINDONESIASNO.1LIVESTOCK,
FEED, DAIRYANDFISHERIESINDUSTRYSHOW
Directorate General of Livestockand Animal Health, Ministry ofAgriculture, Republic of Indonesia
Hosted by
Official Regional Publication
Supporting Publications
"Food EducationCampaign"
Organised by
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8/2/2019 Exploration of fresh water prawn feed industry of Bangladesh
5/6
Althoughbyscientificculturetheproduc-
tioncanbeeasilyincreasedbymanyfoldand
there isa great potentialityof prawnfeed
marketinBangladesh.Differentfeedindustries
produceapproximately38,000tonnesprawn
feedperyear.
Hence,therestoftherequirement(more
than 27,000 tonnes)is metby homemade
feed orfeed ingredients.From a personal
interviewithas alsobeenknown thatsome
prawnfarmersusepoultryfeedasasubstitu-
tionofprawnfeed(seeTable5).
FromthesurveyitwasfoundthatBismillah
FeedMillsoccupiesthe majorshare(>30%)
inprawnfeedmarket(seeTable4)followed
byQualityFeedLtd. Sunny Feed Ltd.and
NiribiliFeedsLtd.(10.69%,7.64%and4.58%respectively).
Price of prawn feed of these leading
companies varied from25-40Tk/kg.It has
been observed thatthe feed marketof
particular industryis not samein greater
Khulnaregion.
As forexample, the prawn farmersof
Fakirhatand Bagerhatareas preferthe feed
ofBismillahfeedmills;Sunnyfeedmillsand
Fakirhatfeedmillsastheothercompanies.On
theotherhand,Khulna,Satkhira,Jessoreand
Narildistrictsfarmersdonothaveparticular
choiceonanyfeedbuthavebeenobserved
touse SpectraHexa,Quality,Saudi-Bangla,
SunnyandNiribilifeedmorefrequentlythan
theothers..
Marketing channelis very importantfor
feedmilloperations.
Thesuccessof feedmil ldependson
propermarketingchannel. Itis thefirst
pr ior i ty of feed mi ll operation. After
establishingan agentand thandistribu-
toror dealerappointment arethe first
steps of feedmi l l before going to the
production;becausethey areimportant
forreachingthe farmers, by taking the
productionoffeedmills.
Identification of hazardsingredients harmful antibioticsand other banned/ harmful
Theuseoffoodadditives,anti-fungaland
moldinhibitorsand antibioticsis acommon
phenomenoninallthefeedindustries.
However, as per their information, no
banneditemisusedinthefeed.
Inmostofthecases,thecompaniesdonot
disclosethecombinationofthefeedingredi-
entsand otheradditivesand medicinesthat
areusedinfeedduetotheirbusinesssecrecy.
Yet the use of Oxi -tetracycl ine and
Flavomycinehasbeen knownfrompersonal
interview.Allcompaniesdenythe usageof
chloramphenicle and nitro furan and their
derivativesandmedicine.However, form the assessment of the
DepartmentofQualityControl,Department
of Fisher ies in 2008, the exi stence of
Chloramphenicleand nitrofuran havebeen
reportedinalmostalloftheprawnfeedin
somecertainbatchofproduction.
Consideringtheinformation ofthe com-
panies, it is assumed that these banned
chemicalscould be incorporatedfrom the
ingredientsthatareusedforfeedformulation
especially forthe imported ingredients viz.
meatand bonemeal andfishmeal asthere
isnoreportoftestingoftheingredientsfor
these prohibitedantibiotics at theport or
quarantine.
Policy ImplicationOnthebasisoftheaboverequirements
andavailability estimates,except ricepolish,
theentirelocalfeeditemsrequiredimportsto
runculturefisheriesinthecountry.Asculture
fisheriescapturemoreandmoreareasunder
itsoperation,itisgoingtobecomeanimport
dependentpracticeifthe feedsituationpre-
vailswithoutanymeasurestoaddressit.
As culture fisheries are an important
sourceofincomeandemployment,theyhave
asignificantlivelihoodimpactontheeconomy
ofBangladesh.
Therefore,properpolicyandothermeasures
aresuggested,tobetakenbyboththegovern-
mentorganisationsandNGOstoimprovethe
localfishfeedsituationofthecountry.
Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics (BBS),
Departmentof Fisheries (DoF)and othercon-
cerningorganisationsshouldrecordfeedandother
fisheries related dataregularly.The government
andNGOsshouldcomeforwardtoestablishlocal
feedmillstocatertothefeedrequirementofthe
growingandpromisingfishcultureindustry.
Intensive research programs should be
undertaken immediatelyby bothGOs and
NGOsforqualityinnovation.
Farmersandusersshouldbetrained sothattheycanusethefeedandotherinputs
moreefficiently.Capitalshouldbesuppliedto
thefarmerswhosufferfromalackofsufficient
capitalto useor purchasefeedsfrom the
marketinatimelyfashion.
A monitoringsystem shouldbe devel-
opedtochecktheadulterationoffishfeed
in thecountry.A subsidy/duty reduction
package can be launched for imported
feedingredientssothatsupplementaryfish
culturecanbesustainedwithlowercostsof
production.
About the authors
byAyazHasanChisty1,PrabalBarua2*
andJewelDas3
1FisheriesandMarineResourceTechnology
Discipline,KhulnaUniversity,Khulna,
Bangladesh
2FisheriesandAquacultureDivision,
DepartmentofZoology,Universityof
Calcutta,Kolkata-700019,WestBengal,India
3BusinessDevelopmentProgram(Prawn),
WinrockInternational,Dhaka
36 | IntentIon AquAFeed | March-pril 2012
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V olume 15 Is sue 2 2012
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