EXPERT EXPERT SYSTEMSSYSTEMS

ByAli Abdel-Haleem Mohamed

Emad-eldin AhmedKarem Mohamed Ahmed

WHAT IS AN EXPERT SYSTEM?

An expert system is a computer program that

contains some of the subject-specific

knowledge of one or more human experts

To make a program intelligent, provide it with

lots of high-quality, specific knowledge about

some problem area.

Knowledge Base

The component of an expert system that contains the system’s knowledge.

Expert systems are also known as Knowledge-based systems.

Knowledge Representation

Knowledge is represented in a computer in the form of rules ( Production rule).Consists of an IF part and THEN part.

IF part lists a set of conditions in some logical combination .

If the IF part of the rule is satisfied; consequently, the THEN part can be concluded.

Chaining of IF-THEN rules to form a line of reasoning Forward chaining (facts driven)

Backward chaining (goal driven)

Inference Engine

An inference engine tries to derive answers from a

knowledge base.

It is the brain of the expert systems that provides a

methodology for reasoning about the information in

the knowledge base, and for formulating

conclusions.

User Interface

It enables the user to communicate with an

expert system.

Developing Expert Systems

Determining the characteristics of the problem.

Knowledge engineer and domain expert work

together closely to describe the problem.

The engineer then translates the knowledge into a computer-

usable language, and designs an inference engine, a

reasoning structure, that uses the knowledge appropriately.

He also determines how to integrate the use of uncertain

knowledge in the reasoning process, and what kinds of

explanation would be useful to the end user.

Advantages of ES

It enhances decision quality.

It reduces the cost of consulting experts for problem solving.

It provides quick and efficient solutions to problems in narrow area of specialization.

It offers high reliability of expert suggestions or decisions.

It gathers scarce expertise and uses it efficiently. It can tackle very complex problems that are difficult for human experts to solve.

It can work on standard computer hardware.

It can not only give solutions, but also the decision logic and how the solution was arrived at .

Dis advantages of Es

The knowledge base may not be complete.

Each problem is different. Hence the solution from

a human expert too may be different

Expensive to build and maintain

Takes long time to develop and fine tune ES

Large ES is difficult to build and maintain

Applications of ES

•1)Diagnose

2)repairing

3)mointoring and control

4)software development

5)production scheduling

CVIP TOOLS

File

Show Histogram: Selecting this option helps viewing the histogram of the presently selected image in the image queue. To use,

select ‘File->Show Histogram’ option from the menu bar on top. Show Spectrum: This option enables you to view the ‘FFT Phase’, ‘Magnitude’ or the ‘Log-remapped’ Spectrums of the selected

image in the image queue. To use, select one of the choices from the ‘File->Show Spectrum’ option from the menu bar on top.

View Band: This option enables the user to view any one of the three ‘Red’, ‘Green’ or ‘Blue’ bands of the selected image

from the image queue. To use, select ‘File->View Band’ option and choice of band you want to view from the menu bar on top. This feature can also be from the Toolbar just below the menu bar.

OPEN:

SAVE: Save an image

PRINT:

EXIT:

VIEW

Toolbar: Selecting this option from the ‘View->Toolbar’ on the menu bar causes the toolbar to appear on

the screen right below the menu bar. Deselecting this option will cause the toolbar to disappear from the screen.

Image Queue: Selecting this option from the ‘View->Image Queue’ on the menu bar causes the image queue, ‘Delete’, ‘Delete all’ and ‘Lock Input’ options to appear on the left of the screen right below the menu bar. Deselecting this option will cause the image queue, ‘Delete’, ‘Delete all’ and ‘Lock Input’ options to disappear from the left of the screen.

VIEW

CVIP Function Information: Selecting this option from the ‘View-> CVIP Function Information’ on the menu bar causes the

function information section to appear at the very bottom of the screen. Deselecting this option will cause the function information to disappear from the bottom of the screen.

Status Bar: Selecting this option from the ‘View-> Status Bar’ on the menu bar causes the status bar section

to appear at the bottom of the screen. Deselecting this option will cause the status bar to disappear from the bottom of the screen. The ‘Status Bar’

holds information about the ‘Name’, ‘Color format’, ‘Image Format’, ‘Data Format’, ‘Data Type’, ‘Data Range’, ‘Number of Bands’, ‘Number of Rows’ and ‘Number of Columns’ of the presently selected image in the image queue.

Analysis

Geometry

Edge/Line Detection

Segmentation

Transforms

Features

Pattern Classification

Enhancement :

Histogram/Contrast

Pseudocolor

Sharpening

Smoothing

Restoration :

Noise

Spatial Filters

Frequency filter

Geometric Transforms

Compression

Preprocessing

LOSSLESS

LOSSY

Utilities

Arith/LogicCompareConvertCreateEnhanceFilterSizeStatshelp

THE END

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