Science item bank for experimentScience item bank for experimentScience item bank for experimentScience item bank for experiment

IIIIntroductionntroductionntroductionntroduction

Welcome to the reading of this science experiment series Seven (7) main areas focused.

The outlined basic science experiments were collection of items teachers need to use in

science lessons in Grade 6 to 8.

The booklet was originally created by Mr. Hidehiro Sasai, A JICA Volunteer during the

period of 2006 ― 2008.

Then, I (Kawai Shinnosuke A JICA Volunteer during2009-2011) remade it with detailed

Graphics.

Teachers are informed through this science booklet as a simple basic resource

experiment book to use in science lessons.

Enjoy science life……

このブックレットはもともと私の前任者の笹井英弘さんが作成したもので、非常に簡潔にまとめられた実験

集でした。私（河井慎之助）はより使いやすくなるように画像を作り直し、再編成いたしました。

今回、前任者より許可をいただき一般に公開することにしました。

まずは植物の単元をアップいたします。

1111----1. Let's observe plant cells!!1. Let's observe plant cells!!1. Let's observe plant cells!!1. Let's observe plant cells!!

We need a microscope to observe cells because they are very small things. But we can use a marble

instead of a microscope to observe them.

Materials: marble(not including anything), Magnifying glass, onion, knifeMaterials: marble(not including anything), Magnifying glass, onion, knifeMaterials: marble(not including anything), Magnifying glass, onion, knifeMaterials: marble(not including anything), Magnifying glass, onion, knife

ProcedureProcedureProcedureProcedure

① Get a flake of onion and cut flake's surface squarely. Then, peel it off thinly.

② Lay a fragment of the onion over a marble.

③ Illuminate with a fluorescent, torch or something.

Let’s see from underside!!

QuestionQuestionQuestionQuestion

1. What did you see? Observe and let's draw a diagram

Flake’s surface

Marble

AAAAttentionttentionttentionttention DONDONDONDON’’’’TTTT use the use the use the use the sunburn dirctry!!!sunburn dirctry!!!sunburn dirctry!!!sunburn dirctry!!!

1111----2. How does plant 2. How does plant 2. How does plant 2. How does plant drink?drink?drink?drink? Materials: marble(not including anything), Magnifying glass, onion, knifeMaterials: marble(not including anything), Magnifying glass, onion, knifeMaterials: marble(not including anything), Magnifying glass, onion, knifeMaterials: marble(not including anything), Magnifying glass, onion, knife

We eat and drink from our mouth. Right then, how about a plant? Plant also get water and energy

from roots.... And plants have special pipes to transfer them. That is called xylem. Coloured water go

through the pipes and dyed it red. Plant use this pipes, called xylem, to transfer water and energy. So,

let's observe through this.

Materials: Plant (thick stem), Jar, Water, Food colouring (RED) , Stick, KnifeMaterials: Plant (thick stem), Jar, Water, Food colouring (RED) , Stick, KnifeMaterials: Plant (thick stem), Jar, Water, Food colouring (RED) , Stick, KnifeMaterials: Plant (thick stem), Jar, Water, Food colouring (RED) , Stick, Knife

ProcedureProcedureProcedureProcedure

1.1.1.1. Make coloured water by mix in water and food colouring. And put a plant into the coloured Make coloured water by mix in water and food colouring. And put a plant into the coloured Make coloured water by mix in water and food colouring. And put a plant into the coloured Make coloured water by mix in water and food colouring. And put a plant into the coloured

water.water.water.water.

2. Wait for one night. Take out the plant from the coloured water.

3. Cut the stem and observe the cross section of it.

Question

What did you see? Let's draw a

diagram of what you saw

1111----3. What does plant use for energy?3. What does plant use for energy?3. What does plant use for energy?3. What does plant use for energy?

Iodine is indicater of starch. If there included starch, it would change colour to black when we put

iodine on it. Iodine is indicater of starch. If there included starch, it would change colour to black

when we put iodine on it. to observe the change on leaf easily.

Materials: Leaf, Sweet potato, Iodine, Ethanol ( or Isopropyl alcohol), Jar , Container (You can Materials: Leaf, Sweet potato, Iodine, Ethanol ( or Isopropyl alcohol), Jar , Container (You can Materials: Leaf, Sweet potato, Iodine, Ethanol ( or Isopropyl alcohol), Jar , Container (You can Materials: Leaf, Sweet potato, Iodine, Ethanol ( or Isopropyl alcohol), Jar , Container (You can

buy iodine and ethanol (or isopropyl alcohol) in pharmacy.)buy iodine and ethanol (or isopropyl alcohol) in pharmacy.)buy iodine and ethanol (or isopropyl alcohol) in pharmacy.)buy iodine and ethanol (or isopropyl alcohol) in pharmacy.)

ProcedureProcedureProcedureProcedure

4.4.4.4. Put the leaf into a jar with ethanol. And soak the jar in hot water until the leaf's colour lose.Put the leaf into a jar with ethanol. And soak the jar in hot water until the leaf's colour lose.Put the leaf into a jar with ethanol. And soak the jar in hot water until the leaf's colour lose.Put the leaf into a jar with ethanol. And soak the jar in hot water until the leaf's colour lose.

5. Wait for one night. Take out the plant from the coloured water. (iodine : water ＝1 : 4)

6. Put iodine on a sweet potato, rice, garlic, onion and salt.

It’s not water but ethanol(90%)

Colourless leaf

? 4444

1111

iodine : water iodine : water iodine : water iodine : water

＝＝＝＝1 : 41 : 41 : 41 : 4

Iodine

Water

Question1

What happened to the plant

when iodin is added to them?

Question2

Which food give us energy?

Hot water(under 90℃)

1111----4. Make sure photosynthesis and breathe on plant.4. Make sure photosynthesis and breathe on plant.4. Make sure photosynthesis and breathe on plant.4. Make sure photosynthesis and breathe on plant.

Plant makes energy(sugar) by photosynthesis (take carbon dioxide and get out oxygen) in the daytime but in the nighttime, they take a breath (take oxgen and get out carbon dioxide) like human beings. So, let's make sure photosynthesis and breath from this experiment. And then, we make use of lime water that is indicater of carbon dioxide. If air include carbon dioxide, it would change to white from clear.

Materials: Plastic bag (transparent andMaterials: Plastic bag (transparent andMaterials: Plastic bag (transparent andMaterials: Plastic bag (transparent and black), Leaf, Straw, Lime, Jar,black), Leaf, Straw, Lime, Jar,black), Leaf, Straw, Lime, Jar,black), Leaf, Straw, Lime, Jar,

ProcedureProcedureProcedureProcedure

1. Put a lot of leaves into white and black plastic bags. After that, install a straw, blow up the bags

and close with sticky

2. Wait for more than three hours. During this time, make lime water. Put one tea spoon of lime

powder and water into a jar and stir. And make a filter. Then, decant through a filter into another

jar.

1. Put leaves and install a straw

into both bag

2. Close with sticky

3. Blow up both bags 4. Bend both straws to close them and

fix with sticky

Keep bags inflated

Transparent Black

Lime water

Lime powder Water

Lime

3. After three hours, divide lime water into three jars. At first, blow into lime water. And identify

that lime water change into white colour

.

If a man blow into lime water, it would change into white from clear. Because, human breathe out air

include carbon dioxide. So, if plants change lime water as human do, they are supposed to breath as

human do. (Plants also breath out air include carbon dioxide)

Identify as a diagram below

4. Then transfer the air in the bags to lime water with a straw

Question

1. What did you see after the air in the bags were transferred into the jar?

?