Experience Gained in Mechanical and Conventional ...€¦ · AFTES Conférence "Mécanique des...
Transcript of Experience Gained in Mechanical and Conventional ...€¦ · AFTES Conférence "Mécanique des...
AFTES Conférence "Mécanique des Roches et Tunneliers", Paris le 11 Juin 2009
Engineering Joint Venture Gotthard Base Tunnel South
Experience Gained in Mechanical and Conventional Excavations in the Gotthard Base Tunnel, Switzerland
Experience Gained in Mechanical and Conventional Excavations in the Gotthard Base Tunnel, Switzerland
AFTES – Conférence 11 Juin 2009Mécanique des roches et tunneliers
AFTES – Conférence 11 Juin 2009Mécanique des roches et tunneliers
Presented by:
M.Sc. Rolf Stadelmann
Amberg Engineering Ltd., Regensdorf, Switzerland
Presented by:
M.Sc. Rolf Stadelmann
Amberg Engineering Ltd., Regensdorf, Switzerland
AFTES Conférence "Mécanique des Roches et Tunneliers", Paris le 11 Juin 2009
Engineering Joint Venture Gotthard Base Tunnel South
Content
3.2 TBM Heading in the Single-Track Tunnels
3.3 TBM Heading Piora Basin
2. Hazard scenarios
1. Gotthard Base Tunnel, Introduction
3. Construction Section Faido
3.1 Multifunctional Station (MFS) Faido
4. Problems encountered during TBM heading
5. Interaction between two tubes
AFTES Conférence "Mécanique des Roches et Tunneliers", Paris le 11 Juin 2009
Engineering Joint Venture Gotthard Base Tunnel South
Gotthard Base Tunnel (GBT), Geological Longitudinal Profile
m.a.s.l.m.a.s.l.
AFTES Conférence "Mécanique des Roches et Tunneliers", Paris le 11 Juin 2009
Engineering Joint Venture Gotthard Base Tunnel South
GBT, Alignment and Tunnel Lots
Total length: 57 km
Three intermediate points of attack
Five construction sections
AFTES Conférence "Mécanique des Roches et Tunneliers", Paris le 11 Juin 2009
Engineering Joint Venture Gotthard Base Tunnel South
GBT, State of Excavations May 1st 2009
Of the total of 153.5 km access passages, shafts and main tunnels 131 km or 85.42 % have already been excavated.
Excavation and lining accomplished
Already excavated tunnels
Tunnels still to be excavated
AFTES Conférence "Mécanique des Roches et Tunneliers", Paris le 11 Juin 2009
Engineering Joint Venture Gotthard Base Tunnel South
Content
3.2 TBM Heading in the Single-Track Tunnels
3.3 TBM Heading Piora Basin
2. Hazard scenarios
1. Gotthard Base Tunnel, Introduction
3. Construction Section Faido
3.1 Multifunctional Station (MFS) Faido
4. Problems encountered during TBM heading
5. Interaction between two tubes
AFTES Conférence "Mécanique des Roches et Tunneliers", Paris le 11 Juin 2009
Engineering Joint Venture Gotthard Base Tunnel South
Hazard scenarios
Loosening of the ground Detaching of wedges
AFTES Conférence "Mécanique des Roches et Tunneliers", Paris le 11 Juin 2009
Engineering Joint Venture Gotthard Base Tunnel South
Hazard scenarios
Brittle failure, rock burst related phenomena
Rock burst
AFTES Conférence "Mécanique des Roches et Tunneliers", Paris le 11 Juin 2009
Engineering Joint Venture Gotthard Base Tunnel South
Hazard scenarios
Plastic deformation Fault zones
AFTES Conférence "Mécanique des Roches et Tunneliers", Paris le 11 Juin 2009
Engineering Joint Venture Gotthard Base Tunnel South
Content
3.2 TBM Heading in the Single-Track Tunnels
3.3 TBM Heading Piora Basin
2. Hazard scenarios
1. Gotthard Base Tunnel, Introduction
3. Construction Section Faido
3.1 Multifunctional Station (MFS) Faido
4. Problems encountered during TBM heading
5. Interaction between two tubes
AFTES Conférence "Mécanique des Roches et Tunneliers", Paris le 11 Juin 2009
Engineering Joint Venture Gotthard Base Tunnel South
Construction Section Faido
AFTES Conférence "Mécanique des Roches et Tunneliers", Paris le 11 Juin 2009
Engineering Joint Venture Gotthard Base Tunnel South
Multifunctional Station (MFS) Faido, Cross Cavern, Unexpected Downfall April 2002
AFTES Conférence "Mécanique des Roches et Tunneliers", Paris le 11 Juin 2009
Engineering Joint Venture Gotthard Base Tunnel South
MFS Faido, Encountered Geology
AFTES Conférence "Mécanique des Roches et Tunneliers", Paris le 11 Juin 2009
Engineering Joint Venture Gotthard Base Tunnel South
Deformation of Steel Support
EinleitungEinleitung
AFTES Conférence "Mécanique des Roches et Tunneliers", Paris le 11 Juin 2009
Engineering Joint Venture Gotthard Base Tunnel South
Deformation of Invert, Destroyed Steel Support
AFTES Conférence "Mécanique des Roches et Tunneliers", Paris le 11 Juin 2009
Engineering Joint Venture Gotthard Base Tunnel South
Flexible Lining Concept
Flexible steelarches
Horizontal slits
AFTES Conférence "Mécanique des Roches et Tunneliers", Paris le 11 Juin 2009
Engineering Joint Venture Gotthard Base Tunnel South
Characteristic Line Method
Character line rock mass
Radial displacement d
Character line support
σ2
σ1
pi
d
σ1
= σ2Equilibrium
Sup
port
Pre
ssur
e P
i Yielding PrincipleResistance Principle
AFTES Conférence "Mécanique des Roches et Tunneliers", Paris le 11 Juin 2009
Engineering Joint Venture Gotthard Base Tunnel South
Example: applied method for Drill & Blast
AFTES Conférence "Mécanique des Roches et Tunneliers", Paris le 11 Juin 2009
Engineering Joint Venture Gotthard Base Tunnel South
Example: applied method for Drill & Blast
AFTES Conférence "Mécanique des Roches et Tunneliers", Paris le 11 Juin 2009
Engineering Joint Venture Gotthard Base Tunnel South
Time dependent deformation behaviour
AFTES Conférence "Mécanique des Roches et Tunneliers", Paris le 11 Juin 2009
Engineering Joint Venture Gotthard Base Tunnel South
Content
3.2 TBM Heading in the Single-Track Tunnels
3.3 TBM Heading Piora Basin
2. Hazard scenarios
1. Gotthard Base Tunnel, Introduction
3. Construction Section Faido
3.1 Multifunctional Station (MFS) Faido
4. Problems encountered during TBM heading
5. Interaction between two tubes
AFTES Conférence "Mécanique des Roches et Tunneliers", Paris le 11 Juin 2009
Engineering Joint Venture Gotthard Base Tunnel South
TBM Heading in the Single-Track Tubes, TBM Data
LengthTBM: 26 mBack-up installations: 450 m
TBM Cutter HeadDiameter: 9.43 mShifted: max. 9.53 mWeight: 240 t
DiscsNumber: 66Diameter: 43 cm
AFTES Conférence "Mécanique des Roches et Tunneliers", Paris le 11 Juin 2009
Engineering Joint Venture Gotthard Base Tunnel South
Section Faido, Start of the TBM in Northern Direction
TBM East Tube: July 2007
TBM West Tube: October 2007
AFTES Conférence "Mécanique des Roches et Tunneliers", Paris le 11 Juin 2009
Engineering Joint Venture Gotthard Base Tunnel South
Encountered geology:
subhorizontal layers of Lucomagno Gneiss
A yielding support system
Shotcrete with slits
Yielding steel arches
Rock bolts
is installed
Start East TBM: July 2007
Start West TBM: October 2007
Tunnel Faido: Geology, Support Elements
AFTES Conférence "Mécanique des Roches et Tunneliers", Paris le 11 Juin 2009
Engineering Joint Venture Gotthard Base Tunnel South
L * L *1 2
ur
pa
DeformationDeformation
Support pressureSupport pressure
Resistance PrincipleResistance PrincipleYielding principleYielding principle
Rock Support Concept
AFTES Conférence "Mécanique des Roches et Tunneliers", Paris le 11 Juin 2009
Engineering Joint Venture Gotthard Base Tunnel South
Yielding Steel Arches
AFTES Conférence "Mécanique des Roches et Tunneliers", Paris le 11 Juin 2009
Engineering Joint Venture Gotthard Base Tunnel South
- Rock support measures behind cutter head required
- Second possibility only 65 m behind the face
East tube
8-16 rock bolts
Steel arches @ 1m
15 cm shotcrete
Low advance rate of approx 6.5 m/day
Tunnel Faido, Rock Support Concept
AFTES Conférence "Mécanique des Roches et Tunneliers", Paris le 11 Juin 2009
Engineering Joint Venture Gotthard Base Tunnel South
Content
3.2 TBM Heading in the Single-Track Tunnels
3.3 TBM Heading Piora Basin
2. Hazard scenarios
1. Gotthard Base Tunnel, Introduction
3. Construction Section Faido
3.1 Multifunctional Station (MFS) Faido
4. Problems encountered during TBM heading
5. Interaction between two tubes
AFTES Conférence "Mécanique des Roches et Tunneliers", Paris le 11 Juin 2009
Engineering Joint Venture Gotthard Base Tunnel South
Extension approx. 150m
Overburden approx. 1‘800m
Extensive investigations to explore geological conditions
Four exploratory drillings showed solid Dolomite-Anhydrite-formations and no water pressure
Piora Basin: Triassic deposit of Dolomite in the Gotthard Massif, inserted between Lucomagno Gneiss and Medelser Granite
Additional measures: preventer protected core drillings up to 250 m
Piora Basin
AFTES Conférence "Mécanique des Roches et Tunneliers", Paris le 11 Juin 2009
Engineering Joint Venture Gotthard Base Tunnel South
Piora Basin
AFTES Conférence "Mécanique des Roches et Tunneliers", Paris le 11 Juin 2009
Engineering Joint Venture Gotthard Base Tunnel South
Preventer:
Shear Preventer
Pipe Ram
Roto Pac
Piora Basin, Preventer
AFTES Conférence "Mécanique des Roches et Tunneliers", Paris le 11 Juin 2009
Engineering Joint Venture Gotthard Base Tunnel South
Piora Basin
AFTES Conférence "Mécanique des Roches et Tunneliers", Paris le 11 Juin 2009
Engineering Joint Venture Gotthard Base Tunnel South
Exploration - decision tree
AFTES Conférence "Mécanique des Roches et Tunneliers", Paris le 11 Juin 2009
Engineering Joint Venture Gotthard Base Tunnel South
Systematic exploration- Measure of temperature- Tunnel Seismic prediction- Percussion drilling- Protected with preventer
Depending on the resultsexcavation
Additional exploration- Borlog scanning- additional percussion drilling- Core drilling- Protected with preventer
Exploration - decision tree
AFTES Conférence "Mécanique des Roches et Tunneliers", Paris le 11 Juin 2009
Engineering Joint Venture Gotthard Base Tunnel South
134.
969
500
500 m / 450 m / 400 m / 350 m to Piora - Itensify measurements of temperature
Exploration – approach of Piora Basin
AFTES Conférence "Mécanique des Roches et Tunneliers", Paris le 11 Juin 2009
Engineering Joint Venture Gotthard Base Tunnel South
134.
969
500
Exploration – approach of Piora Basin
500 m / 450 m / 400 m / 350 m to Piora - Itensify measurements of temperature
AFTES Conférence "Mécanique des Roches et Tunneliers", Paris le 11 Juin 2009
Engineering Joint Venture Gotthard Base Tunnel South
134.
969
500
400
Exploration – approach of Piora Basin
500 m / 450 m / 400 m / 350 m to Piora - Itensify measurements of temperature
AFTES Conférence "Mécanique des Roches et Tunneliers", Paris le 11 Juin 2009
Engineering Joint Venture Gotthard Base Tunnel South
134.
969
500
400
Exploration – approach of Piora Basin
500 m / 450 m / 400 m / 350 m to Piora - Itensify measurements of temperature
AFTES Conférence "Mécanique des Roches et Tunneliers", Paris le 11 Juin 2009
Engineering Joint Venture Gotthard Base Tunnel South
134.
969
500
500 m / 450 m / 400 m / 350 m to Piora- Itensify measurements of temperature
400
300 m to Piora- Additional measurement of temperature- Tunnel seismic prediction
300
Exploration – approach of Piora Basin
AFTES Conférence "Mécanique des Roches et Tunneliers", Paris le 11 Juin 2009
Engineering Joint Venture Gotthard Base Tunnel South
134.
969
500
400
300
250 m / 200 m / 150 m / 100 m to Piora- Additional measurement of temperature- At 200 m: - tunnel seismic prediction- At 150 m: - overlapping percussion drilling: 50 m- At 100 m: - drillings with Preventer
- tunnel seismic prediction
Exploration – approach of Piora Basin
AFTES Conférence "Mécanique des Roches et Tunneliers", Paris le 11 Juin 2009
Engineering Joint Venture Gotthard Base Tunnel South
134.
969
500
400
300
200
Exploration – approach of Piora Basin
250 m / 200 m / 150 m / 100 m to Piora- Additional measurement of temperature- At 200 m: - tunnel seismic prediction- At 150 m: - overlapping percussion drilling: 50 m- At 100 m: - drillings with Preventer
- tunnel seismic prediction
AFTES Conférence "Mécanique des Roches et Tunneliers", Paris le 11 Juin 2009
Engineering Joint Venture Gotthard Base Tunnel South
134.
969
500
400
300
200
Exploration – approach of Piora Basin
250 m / 200 m / 150 m / 100 m to Piora- Additional measurement of temperature- At 200 m: - tunnel seismic prediction- At 150 m: - overlapping percussion drilling: 50 m- At 100 m: - drillings with Preventer
- tunnel seismic prediction
AFTES Conférence "Mécanique des Roches et Tunneliers", Paris le 11 Juin 2009
Engineering Joint Venture Gotthard Base Tunnel South
134.
969
500
400
300
200
100
Exploration – approach of Piora Basin
250 m / 200 m / 150 m / 100 m to Piora- Additional measurement of temperature- At 200 m: - tunnel seismic prediction- At 150 m: - overlapping percussion drilling: 50 m- At 100 m: - drillings with Preventer
- tunnel seismic prediction
AFTES Conférence "Mécanique des Roches et Tunneliers", Paris le 11 Juin 2009
Engineering Joint Venture Gotthard Base Tunnel South
134.
969
500
400
300
200
100
50 m to Piora (Tkm 135.019)- Additional measurements of temperature- Intended stop- Core drilling through Piora
Exploration – approach of Piora Basin
AFTES Conférence "Mécanique des Roches et Tunneliers", Paris le 11 Juin 2009
Engineering Joint Venture Gotthard Base Tunnel South
Piora – possible hazardsLocal decomposition into sand
AFTES Conférence "Mécanique des Roches et Tunneliers", Paris le 11 Juin 2009
Engineering Joint Venture Gotthard Base Tunnel South
Piora – possible hazardsAction plan
(E6) Collapse- Backfill cavity
AFTES Conférence "Mécanique des Roches et Tunneliers", Paris le 11 Juin 2009
Engineering Joint Venture Gotthard Base Tunnel South
Piora – possible hazardsAction plan
(E6) Collapse- Backfill cavity- forepoling (M3)
AFTES Conférence "Mécanique des Roches et Tunneliers", Paris le 11 Juin 2009
Engineering Joint Venture Gotthard Base Tunnel South
Piora – possible hazardsAction plan
(E6) Collapse- Backfill cavity- forepoling (M3)- Grouting (M1, M2)- Grouting gallery (U1, U2)
AFTES Conférence "Mécanique des Roches et Tunneliers", Paris le 11 Juin 2009
Engineering Joint Venture Gotthard Base Tunnel South
(E6) Collapse- Backfill cavity- forepoling (M3)- Grouting (M1, M2)- Grouting gallery (U1, U2)
Piora – possible hazardsAction plan
AFTES Conférence "Mécanique des Roches et Tunneliers", Paris le 11 Juin 2009
Engineering Joint Venture Gotthard Base Tunnel South
Piora Basin, Excavation
AFTES Conférence "Mécanique des Roches et Tunneliers", Paris le 11 Juin 2009
Engineering Joint Venture Gotthard Base Tunnel South
Content
3.2 TBM Heading in the Single-Track Tunnels
3.3 TBM Heading Piora Basin
2. Hazard scenarios
1. Gotthard Base Tunnel, Introduction
3. Construction Section Faido
3.1 Multifunctional Station (MFS) Faido
4. Problems encountered during TBM heading
5. Interaction between two tubes
AFTES Conférence "Mécanique des Roches et Tunneliers", Paris le 11 Juin 2009
Engineering Joint Venture Gotthard Base Tunnel South
Damages at Crown and Invert
AFTES Conférence "Mécanique des Roches et Tunneliers", Paris le 11 Juin 2009
Engineering Joint Venture Gotthard Base Tunnel South
Problems TBM Heading
Shotcrete cracks (support includes 6m SN M33, TH 36, 40 cm SC2)
AFTES Conférence "Mécanique des Roches et Tunneliers", Paris le 11 Juin 2009
Engineering Joint Venture Gotthard Base Tunnel South
Shotcrete cracking invert
Deformed steel arches
Problems TBM Heading
AFTES Conférence "Mécanique des Roches et Tunneliers", Paris le 11 Juin 2009
Engineering Joint Venture Gotthard Base Tunnel South
Section L1 to operators standBereich Tm 18435 – 18450, Tkm 238‘375 – 238‘360
07.01.2008
08.01.2008
08.01.2008
Problems TBM Heading
AFTES Conférence "Mécanique des Roches et Tunneliers", Paris le 11 Juin 2009
Engineering Joint Venture Gotthard Base Tunnel South
Bereich Tm 18435 – 18450, Tkm 238‘375 – 238‘360
07.01.2008
07.01.2008
07.01.2008
Section L1 to operators standProblems TBM Heading
AFTES Conférence "Mécanique des Roches et Tunneliers", Paris le 11 Juin 2009
Engineering Joint Venture Gotthard Base Tunnel South
Section L2: Drilling rigProblems TBM Heading
AFTES Conférence "Mécanique des Roches et Tunneliers", Paris le 11 Juin 2009
Engineering Joint Venture Gotthard Base Tunnel South
Section L2: Shotcrete robotProblems TBM Heading
AFTES Conférence "Mécanique des Roches et Tunneliers", Paris le 11 Juin 2009
Engineering Joint Venture Gotthard Base Tunnel South
Intact rock bolts SN M33 L=4m
Problems TBM Heading
AFTES Conférence "Mécanique des Roches et Tunneliers", Paris le 11 Juin 2009
Engineering Joint Venture Gotthard Base Tunnel South
Damages InvertBereich Tm 18370 - 18385, Tkm 238‘440 – 238‘425
08.01.2008
08.01.2008
08.01.2008
08.01.2008
Problems TBM Heading
AFTES Conférence "Mécanique des Roches et Tunneliers", Paris le 11 Juin 2009
Engineering Joint Venture Gotthard Base Tunnel South
TM 18408
TM 18369
Problem with the clearance profile up to 70 cm
Problems TBM Heading at the invert
AFTES Conférence "Mécanique des Roches et Tunneliers", Paris le 11 Juin 2009
Engineering Joint Venture Gotthard Base Tunnel South
Failure Mechanisms, Load of Rock Support
LooseningBucklingBrittle failure(shear off)Lateral Pressure
AFTES Conférence "Mécanique des Roches et Tunneliers", Paris le 11 Juin 2009
Engineering Joint Venture Gotthard Base Tunnel South
Pi
AFTES Conférence "Mécanique des Roches et Tunneliers", Paris le 11 Juin 2009
Engineering Joint Venture Gotthard Base Tunnel South
Content
3.2 TBM Heading in the Single-Track Tunnels
3.3 TBM Heading Piora Basin
2. Hazard scenarios
1. Gotthard Base Tunnel, Introduction
3. Construction Section Faido
3.1 Multifunctional Station (MFS) Faido
4. Problems encountered during TBM heading
5. Interaction between two tubes
AFTES Conférence "Mécanique des Roches et Tunneliers", Paris le 11 Juin 2009
Engineering Joint Venture Gotthard Base Tunnel South
FLAC (Version 5.00)
LEGEND
10-Jan-08 14:14 step 11517 -6.752E+01 <x< 6.494E+01 -6.366E+01 <y< 6.880E+01
Boundary plot
0 2E 1
YY-stress contours -7.00E+07 -6.00E+07 -5.00E+07 -4.00E+07 -3.00E+07 -2.00E+07 -1.00E+07 0.00E+00
Contour interval= 1.00E+07
-5.000
-3.000
-1.000
1.000
3.000
5.000
(*10^1)
-5.000 -3.000 -1.000 1.000 3.000 5.000(*10^1)
JOB TITLE : Fels E pi=0: Ausbruch Weströhre, Vertikalspannungen
Amberg Engineering LtD. Zuerich, Switzerland
Heading interaction
AFTES Conférence "Mécanique des Roches et Tunneliers", Paris le 11 Juin 2009
Engineering Joint Venture Gotthard Base Tunnel South
FLAC (Version 5.00)
LEGEND
10-Jan-08 14:14 step 11517 HISTORY PLOT Y-axis : 15 Y displacement( 82, 135) 16 Y displacement( 1, 45) X-axis :Number of steps
2 4 6 8 10
(10 ) 03
-6.000
-4.000
-2.000
0.000
2.000
4.000
(10 )-01
JOB TITLE : Fels E pi=0: Ausbruch Weströhre, Deformationen
Amberg Engineering LtD. Zuerich, Switzerland
Increasing displacements in first tube due to excavation of 2nd tube
Def. West > Ost
Heading interaction
AFTES Conférence "Mécanique des Roches et Tunneliers", Paris le 11 Juin 2009
Engineering Joint Venture Gotthard Base Tunnel South
FLAC (Version 5.00)
LEGEND
10-Jan-08 14:14 step 11517 -5.692E+01 <x< 5.330E+01 -5.366E+01 <y< 5.655E+01
Boundary plot
0 2E 1
Plasticity Indicator* at yield in shear or vol.X elastic, at yield in pasto at yield in tension
-4.000
-2.000
0.000
2.000
4.000
(*10^1)
-4.000 -2.000 0.000 2.000 4.000(*10 1̂)
JOB TITLE : Fels E pi=0: Ausbruch Weströhre, plastische Zonen
Amberg Engineering LtD. Zuerich, Switzerland
Heading interaction
AFTES Conférence "Mécanique des Roches et Tunneliers", Paris le 11 Juin 2009
Engineering Joint Venture Gotthard Base Tunnel South
FLAC (Version 5.00)
LEGEND
9-Jan-08 14:48 step 11573 -3.687E+01 <x< 3.573E+01 -3.751E+01 <y< 3.509E+01
Boundary plot
0 2E 1
Plasticity Indicator* at yield in shear or vol.X elastic, at yield in past
-3.000
-2.000
-1.000
0.000
1.000
2.000
3.000
(*10 1̂)
-3.000 -2.000 -1.000 0.000 1.000 2.000 3.000(*10 1̂)
JOB TITLE : Fels D pi=0: plastische Zonen
Amberg Engineering LtD. Zuerich, Switzerland
Heading interaction
AFTES Conférence "Mécanique des Roches et Tunneliers", Paris le 11 Juin 2009
Engineering Joint Venture Gotthard Base Tunnel South
TBM-Ost Firstsetzungen(Firstisochronen)
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
200
1825018300183501840018450185001855018600186501870018750188001885018900189501900019050191001915019200
TBM-Ost Tunnelmeter
Firs
tset
zugn
en (m
m)
- nu
r ver
tikal
Nullmessung Folgemessung 1 Folgemessung 2 Folgemessung 3 Folgemessung 4 Folgemessung 5
Folgemessung 6 Folgemessung 7 Folgemessung 8 Folgemessung 9 Folgemessung 10 Folgemessung 11
Folgemessung 12 Folgemessung 13 Folgemessung 14 Maximum amSteuerstand
NL Folgemessung 1 NL Folgemessung 2
NL Folgemessung 3 NL Folgemessung 4 NL Folgemessung 5 NL gesamt West Folgemessung 1 West Folgemessung 2
West Folgemessung 3 West Folgemessung 4 West gesamt
Einfluss aus Vorbeifahrt
TBM-WestStand TBM-West in Tm-Ost: Tm 18505
Heading interactionConvergence Measurements
AFTES Conférence "Mécanique des Roches et Tunneliers", Paris le 11 Juin 2009
Engineering Joint Venture Gotthard Base Tunnel South
Merci beaucoup pour
votre attention!