Expected Modern Indian History Questions (MCQs) For SSC ...
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Expected Modern Indian History Questions (MCQs)
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Expected Modern Indian History Questions (MCQs) - Part-2
1) The first attempt to introduce a representative
and popular element in the governance of India was
made through…………?
a) Government of India Act, 1919
b) Indian Councils Act, 1861
c) Indian Councils Act, 1892
d) Indian Councils Act, 1909
2) Which of the following systems of land-settlement
adopted by English provided more protection to the
interests of the farmers?
a) Ryotwari settlement of Madras
b) Malgujari settlement of United States
c) Permanent settlement of Bengal
d) Zamindari settlement of Madras
3) Which of the following pairs contributed
significantly to integrate the princely states into
Indian Union?
a) Sardar Patel and K.M Munsi
b) Sardar Patel and Jawaharlal Nehru
c) Sardar Patel and V.P Menon
d) Sardar Patel and Mahatma Gandhi
4) The British Government started ruling India
directly after………….?
a) The Battle of Plassey
b) The War of Mysore
c) The Sepoy Mutiny
d) The Battle of Panipat
5) Who was the chairman of the Union Powers
Committee of the Constituent assembly of India?
a) Pt. Jawaharlal Nehru
b) Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel
c) Sir Alladi Krishnaswami Ayyar
d) Dr. B.R Ambedkar
6) Which one of the following Governor General
introduced Postage Stamp in India?
a) Lord Canning
b) Lord William Bentick
c) Lord Dalhousie
d) Lord Auckland
7) The First Telegraph line between Calcutta and
Agra was opened in which year?
a) 1853
b) 1855
c) 1852
d) 1861
8) What was the original name of Swami
Dayananda Saraswati, founder of Arya Samaj?
a) Daya Shankar
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b) Gowri Shankar
c) Mula Sankara
d) Abhi Shankar
9) Who among the following was the first Indian to
be elected to the British Parliament?
a) Bipin Chandra Pal
b) Lala Lajpat Rai
c) Dadabhai Naoroji
d) Gopal Krishna Gokhale
10) Which of the following European colonisers did
not have a settlement on the Eastern Coast of
India?
a) Danish
b) French
c) Portuguese
d) Dutch
11) Which among the following regulations made
English as a medium of education compulsory in
government aided schools and colleges?
a) Regulating act, 1773
b) Pitts India act, 1784
c) Educational Despatch, 1854
d) Macaulay Minute, 1835
12) Who among the following controlled maximum
trade in the western coastal region during 17th
century?
a) Mulla Abdul Gaffar
b) Portuguese
c) Dutch
d) French
13) Given below are the names of prominent leaders
and their respective operational areas during the
revolt period. Select the incorrect pair.
a) Khan Bahadur Khan- Ruhelkhand
b) Rani laxmibai- Indore
c) Kunwar Singh- Sahabad
d) Nana Saheb- Kanpur
14) The ‘Doctrine of Lapse’ was first applied to the
Princely state of…………...?
a) Jaunpur
b) Satara
c) Jhansi
d) Oudh
15) The Indian Universities were first founded in
the time of which Governor-General?
a) Warren Hastings
b) Lord Canning
c) Lord William Bentick
d) Lord Wellesley
16) Who among the following was not involved in
the Chittagong Armoury Raid, 1934?
a) Pritialata Woddedar
b) Kalpana Dutt
c) Surya Sen
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d) Dinesh Gupta
17) Which of the following events made the English
East India company the legitimate masters of
Bengal Suba?
a) Farrukh Siyar’s Farman, 1717
b) Battle of Buxar, 1764
c) Battle of Plassey, 1757
d) Ibrahim Khan’s Farman, 1690
18) Who was the first Indian to be made a fellow of
the Royal Society of London?
a) A.C Wadia
b) Srinivas Ramanujam
c) C.V Raman
d) P.C Mahalanobis
19) Which of the following battles proved decisive in
the Anglo-French rivalry in India?
a) Battle of Chillianwala
b) Battle of Wandiwash
c) Battle of Seringapatam
d) Battle of Assaye
20) Who among the following started the first
English newspaper in India?
a) J.A Hickey
b) Bal Gangadhar Tilak
c) Raja Rammohan Roy
d) Lord William Bentick
21) Punjab was annexed to the British empire
during the reign of Governor-General…………?
a) Lord Cornwallis
b) Lord Bentick
c) Lord Canning
d) Lord Dalhousie
22) Who among the following was the advocate of
the famous INA Trials?
a) Subhash Chandra Bose
b) Bhulabhai Desai
c) C. Rajagopalachari
d) Asaf Ali
23) Anandamath, a Bengali novel was written by
Bankim Chandra Chatopadhyay in which year?
a) 1882
b) 1889
c) 1880
d) 1875
24) The Governor-General of India who initiated
the introduction of English in India was………….?
a) Lord Bentick
b) Lord Curzon
c) Lord Hastings
d) Lord Macaulay
25) ………………. was an English statesman and
governor-general of India during the Indian
Rebellion of 1857?
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a) Lord Hardinge
b) Lord Dalhousie
c) Lord Elgin
d) Lord Canning
26) Who among the following was the Chairman of
the Partition Council?
a) V.P Menon
b) Lord Mountbatten
c) Jawaharlal Nehru
d) M.A Jinnah
27) Who among the following Governor-General is
generally acknowledged as the pioneer of local self-
government in modern India?
a) Lord Mayo
b) Lord Curzon
c) Lord Ripon
d) Lord Lytton
28) The Round Table Conference at London met for
the discussion of……………?
a) Gandhi’s demands for calling off Civil disobedience
movement
b) Provision of Provincial autonomy
c) A future administration of India
d) Congress claim to be the sole representative of
Indians
29) Which day was declared as the ‘Direct Action
Day’ by the Muslim league?
a) 16th August, 1946
b) 16th May, 1946
c) 4th December, 1946
d) 3rd September, 1946
30) The Province of Bengal was partitioned into two
parts in 1905 by…………...?
a) Lord Curzon
b) Lord Lytton
c) Lord Ripon
d) Lord Dufferin
31) Long years ago, we made a tryst with destiny,
and now the time comes when we shall redeem our
pledge’. This was stated on the night of August, 14,
1947 by…………...?
a) Dr. Rajendra Prasad
b) Dr. B.R Ambedkar
c) C. Rajagopalachari
d) Jawaharlal Nehru
32) The Indian National Congress had passed the
famous resolution on ‘Non-cooperation’ in 1920 at
its session held at………….?
a) Bombay
b) Delhi
c) Lucknow
d) Calcutta
33) Which of the following can be considered as the
most useful and outstanding reforms made by Lord
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Curzon, especially in respect of people living in the
undivided province of Punjab?
a) Police reforms
b) Agricultural reforms
c) Industrial reforms
d) Educational reforms
34) The transfer of Government from the
‘Company’ to ‘Crown’ was pronounced by Lord
Canning on November 1, 1858 at…………?
a) Patna
b) Calcutta
c) Allahabad
d) Delhi
35) The Indian National Congress and the Muslim
league came closer to each other in 1916
at………….?
a) Lucknow
b) Lahore
c) Haripura
d) Amritsar
36) Who among the following propounded the
theory of ‘Economic Drain of India’ during British
Imperialism?
a) Gopalkrishna Gokhale
b) W.C Bannerji
c) Dadabhai Naoroji
d) Mahatma Gandhi
37) Who attended the Congress of Oppressed
Nationalists at Brussels in 1927, on behalf of the
National Congress?
a) Dr. Ansari
b) Jawaharlal Nehru
c) Mahatma Gandhi
d) B.R Ambedkar
38) Which one of the following Governor-General
had entertained Ranjit Singh with great honour at
Ropar?
a) William Bentick
b) Minto I
c) Warren Hastings
d) Lord Auckland
39) Who was the President of Indian National
Congress when the Mountbatten Plan of
independence was accepted?
a) Maulana Azad
b) Jawaharlal Nehru
c) Acharya J.B Kriplani
d) Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel
40) The split between the ‘Extremists’ and
‘Moderates’ came up in the open at the Surat
Congress session in the year………...?
a) 1906
b) 1907
c) 1910
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d) 1905
41) During whose Viceroy ship did the High Court’s
came into existence at the three Presidential cities of
Calcutta, Madras and Bombay?
a) Lord Lawrence
b) Warren Hastings
c) Lord Dalhousie
d) Lord Cornwallis
42) Who was the only Indian to be elected as
President of the United Nations General Assembly?
a) Rajeshwar Dayal
b) Vijayalakshmi Pandit
c) V.K Krishna Menon
d) Jawaharlal Nehru
43) Who among the following was the first English
President of the Indian National Congress?
a) William Wedderburn
b) A.O Hume
c) George Yule
d) Henry Cotton
44) As per the provisions of the Charter Act of
1833, a Law Commission (for consolidating,
codifying and improving Indian laws) was
constituted under the Chairmanship of………….?
a) Lord Macaulay
b) Lord Bentick
c) Raja Rammohan Roy
d) Lord Dalhousie
45) At which place in Bengal was the East India
Company given permission to trade and build a
factory by the Mughals in 1651?
a) Singur
b) Calcutta
c) Qasim Bazar
d) Burdwan
46) Who among the following British persons
admitted the Revolt of 1857 as a national revolt?
a) Lord Canning
b) Benjamin Disraeli
c) Lord Dalhousie
d) Lord Ellenborough
47) Who among the following was the first
propounder of the Doctrine of Passive Resistance?
a) Aurobindo Ghosh
b) Lajpat Rai
c) G.K Gokhale
d) B.G Tilak
48) Who among the following founded the ‘All
India Depressed Classes Federation’ in 1920?
a) B.R Ambedkar
b) M.K Gandhi
c) Jyotiba Phule
d) G.K Gokhale
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49) Who among the following analysed the causes of
the uprising of 1857 advocating a reconciliation
between the British and the Muslims?
a) Syed Ahmed Khan
b) Syed Ahmed Brelvi
c) Syed Amir Ali
d) Shah Waliaullah
50) Which of the following authorised the British
Government to imprison any person without trial
and conviction in a court of law?
a) Government of India Act of 1935
b) Indian Councils Act of 1909
c) Rowlatt Act of 1919
d) Government of India Act of 1919
51) Who among the following were benefitted most
by the British Revenue system in India?
a) Zamindars
b) Sharecroppers
c) Peasants
d) Agriculture-labour
52) The Indian National Congress was formed
during the Governor-Generalship of………...?
a) Lord Curzon
b) Lord Ripon
c) Lord William Bentick
d) Lord Dufferin
53) Mangal Pandey fired the first shot of the Revolt
of 1857 at………….?
a) Kanpur
b) Barrackpore
c) Meerut
d) Jhansi
54) Which place among the following was the
headquarters of the Portuguese in India?
a) Cochin
b) Calicut
c) Goa
d) Cannanore
55) Which of the following Governor-General was
impeached by the House of Commons in England?
a) Lord Wellesley
b) Warren Hastings
c) William Bentick
d) Lord Cornwallis
56) The National Anthem was first sung in the year
1911 at the Annual Session of the Indian National
Congress held at………...?
a) Kolkata
b) Pune
c) Mumbai
d) Lucknow
57) Who founded the Indian national party in
Berlin during 1914?
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a) W.C Banerjee
b) Champakaraman Pillai
c) Subhash Chandra Bose
d) Surendranath Banerjee
58) Who among the following was the Viceroy when
Delhi became the capital of British India?
a) Lord Hardinge
b) Lord Curzon
c) Lord Minto
d) Lord Canning
59) Who among the following was the Viceroy at the
time of ‘Quit India movement’?
a) Lord Irwin
b) Lord Mountbatten
c) Lord Wavell
d) Lord Lin Lithgow
60) The East India Company’s monopoly of trade
with China came to an end by which charter act?
a) Charter act of 1793
b) Charter act of 1853
c) Charter act of 1813
d) Charter act of 1833
61) For the annexation of which Indian kingdom
‘Doctrine of Lapse’ was not followed?
a) Mysore
b) Satara
c) Nagpur
d) Jhansi
62) During British rule, who was instrumental for
the introduction of the Ryotwari system in the then
Madras Presidency?
a) Thomas Munro
b) Macartney
c) Elphinstone
d) John Lawrence
63) The first meeting of the Indian National
Congress held in 1885 was presided by whom?
a) D.E Wacha
b) Shri P.M Mehta
c) Shri Womesh Chandra Bannerjee
d) S.N Banerjee
64) British Crown assumed sovereignty over India
from the East India Company in the year……….?
a) 1859
b) 1860
c) 1858
d) 1857
65) Who among the following was responsible for
the revival of Hinduism in 19th century?
a) Guru Shankar Acharya
b) Swami Dayanand
c) Raja Ram Mohan Roy
d) Swami Vivekanand
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66) Who among the following established the
‘Sharda Sadan’ a school for Indian widows in
colonial India?
a) Sarojini Naidu
b) Mahadev Govind Ranade
c) Pandita Ramabai
d) Dayanand Saraswati
67) The British Government intervened in the
affairs of the Company and passed an act in 1773
A.D known as the…………...?
a) Company act
b) Regulating act
c) Charter act
d) Pitt’s India act
68) Which rebellion in Bengal was highlighted by
Bankim Chandra Chatterjee in his novel ‘Anand
Math’?
a) Kol Uprising
b) Chaur Uprising
c) Santhal Uprising
d) Sanyasi rebellion
69) Who among the following was the Governor-
General during the ‘Second Anglo-Mysore War’?
a) Warren Hastings
b) Lord Wellesley
c) Sir John Shore
d) Lord Cornwallis
70) Who among the following was referred as the
‘Ambassador of Hindu-Muslim Unity’ by Sarojini
Naidu?
a) Maulana Azad
b) Muhammad Ali Jinnah
c) Shaukat Ali
d) Abdul Ghaffar Khan
71) The Indian Independence Bill was first
presented in the House of Commons in London
on…………?
a) August 1, 1947
b) July 14, 1947
c) July 4, 1947
d) August 10, 1947
72) Who established the Sadr-Diwani-Adalat during
the British East India Company’s rule?
a) Dalhousie
b) Cornwallis
c) Wellesley
d) Warren Hastings
73) Who was the founder of Kolkata’s first ‘Atmiya
Sabha’ (philosophical discussion circle) held in
1815?
a) Rabindranath Tagore
b) Rammohan Roy
c) Jawahar lal Nehru
d) Lala Lajpat Rai
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74) The Working Committee of National Congress
sanctioned the resolution named ‘Quit India’
at…………?
a) Nagpur
b) Delhi
c) Mumbai
d) Wardha
75) The system of Budget was introduced in India
during the Viceroyalty of………...?
a) Dalhousie
b) Canning
c) Ripon
d) Elgin
76) Mutiny of 1857 was described as the First
Indian war of Independence by………….?
a) Bhagat Singh
b) Bal Gangadhar Tilak
c) Subhash Chandra Bose
d) V.D Savarkar
77) Who was the first Indian to be elected as the
leader of the Communist International?
a) M.N Roy
b) Jawaharlal Nehru
c) P.C Joshi
d) Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel
78) British achieved political power in Indian after
which of the following Battle?
a) Battle of Panipat
b) Battle of Plassey
c) Battle of Wandiwash
d) Battle of Buxar
79) The English established their first factory in
India at which of the following location?
a) Surat
b) Madras
c) Bombay
d) Sutanati
80) Who was the first Indian to be elected as a
Member of the British House of Commons?
a) Sarojini Naidu
b) Dada Bhai Naoroji
c) Jayaprakash Narayan
d) Ram Manohar Lohia
81) The first country which discovered sea route to
India was…………...?
a) French
b) Britain
c) Dutch
d) Portugal
82) Who among the following betrayed Siraj-ud-
Daula in the Battle of Plassey in 1757?
a) Nawab of Oudh
b) Hyder Ali
c) Mir Jaffar
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d) Mir Qasim
83) Who was the founder of Satya Shodak Sabha in
Maharashtra?
a) Gopal Baba Wala
b) Dr. Baba Saheb Ambedkar
c) Dr. Atmaram Pandurang
d) Jyotiba Phule
84) Who among the following took over the
leadership of Salt Satyagraha when Mahatma
Gandhi was arrested?
a) Sardar Vallabh Bhai Patel
b) Vinoba Bhave
c) Maulana Abdul Kalam Azad
d) Abbas Tyabji
85) Who was the founder-editor of the famous
newspaper ‘Kesari’ during the National Struggle?
a) Jawaharlal Nehru
b) Mahatma Gandhi
c) Muhammad Iqbal
d) Lokmanya Tilak
86) Where are the traces of the Portuguese culture
found in India?
a) Cochin
b) Calicut
c) Cannanore
d) Goa
87) The pledge for ‘Poorna Swaraj’ was taken at
the Congress session of………...?
a) Allahabad
b) Calcutta
c) Madras
d) Lahore
88) Who among the following was the Nawab when
Dalhousie annexed Awadh in 1856?
a) Wajid Ali Shah
b) Nasiruddin Mahmud Shah
c) Alivardi Khan
d) Shujaud Daula
89) Who among the following viceroys became a
victim of one of the convicts during his visit to the
Andamans?
a) Lord Lytton
b) Lord Curzon
c) Lord Mayo
d) Lord Ripon
90) Who among the following is considered as the
‘Father of Extremist Movement’ in India?
a) Bal Gangadhar Tilak
b) Gopal Krishna Gokhale
c) Motilal Nehru
d) Vallabhbhai Patel
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91) The song ‘Jana-Gana-Mana’ composed by
Rabindra Nath Tagore was first published in
January 1912 under the title of…………...?
a) Matribhoomi
b) Jay He
c) Rashtra Jagriti
d) Bharat Vidhata
92) Who among the following was the pioneer of the
western system of education of India?
a) Surendranath Banerjee
b) Lala Lajpat Rai
c) Dayanand Saraswati
d) Raja Ram Mohan Roy
93) After the Bardoli Satyagraha, the title of
‘Sardar’ to Vallabhbhai Patel was given
by………...?
a) Maulana Abul Kalam Azad
b) Motilal Nehru
c) Mahatma Gandhi
d) Jawaharlal Nehru
94) What is the name of the Fort built by the
English in Calcutta?
a) Fort Victoria
b) Fort St. David
c) Fort St. Andrew
d) Fort William
95) What was Lala Lajpat Rai demonstrating
against when he succumbed to police brutality?
a) Simon Commission
b) Rowlatt act
c) Minto-Morley reforms
d) Pitts India act
96) The last Governor-General of the East India
Company and the first Viceroy under the crown
was…………...?
a) Lord Dalhousie
b) Lord Canning
c) Lord Elgin
d) Lord Warren Hastings
97) What did the Hunter Commission appointed by
the Viceroy probe?
a) Chauri Chaura incident
b) Khilafat Agitation
c) Bardoli Satyagraha
d) Jallianwala Bagh Tragedy
98) ‘Permanent Settlement’ the system of revenue
collection was introduced in India by………….?
a) Lord Hastings
b) Lord Cornwallis
c) Lord Curzon
d) Lord Dalhousie
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99) All India Women’s Conference, organization
dedicated to upliftment and betterment of women
and children was founded in which year?
a) 1927
b) 1925
c) 1921
d) 1928
100) Mahatma Gandhi’s remark, ‘A post-dated
cheque on a crumbling bank’ is regarding the
proposals of…………?
a) Cripps mission
b) Simon Commission
c) Cabinet mission
d) Wavell Plan
ANSWERS
1) Answer: d)
The first attempt to introduce a representative and
popular element in the governance of India was made
through Indian Council Act 1909. This Act is generally
regarded as the Morley- Minto reforms. As per this
rule, the government limited the increase of Indian
representatives in the governance of British India.
2) Answer: a)
Ryotwari Settlement of Madras was the land settlement
system adopted by the English to provide more
protection to the interests of farmers. Under the
Ryotwari System, settlement of land revenue was made
directly between the government and the ryots the
cultivator.
3) Answer: c)
Through a combination of tactics, Sardar Vallabhbhai
Patel and V. P. Menon in the months immediately
preceding and following the independence convinced
the rulers of almost all of the hundreds of princely
states to accede to India.
4) Answer: c)
After Sepoy Mutiny rule established in 1857, British
govt. started ruling over India. Governor general
became the Viceroy and Lord Canning became the last
Governor General and first Viceroy.
5) Answer: a)
The Constituent Assembly constituted on November
1946 under Cabinet Mission Plan. The total strength of
the Constituent Assembly was 389. It comprised of
several Committees to deal with different tasks. One
such Union Powers Constitution Committee was
headed by Jawahar Lal Nehru.
6) Answer: c)
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Lord Dalhousie introduced postage stamps in India. He
served as governor general of India from 1848 to 1856.
7) Answer: a)
In 1850, the first experimental electric telegraph line
was started between Kolkata and Diamond Harbour. In
1851, it was opened for the use of the British East India
Company. Subsequently, the construction of 6,400 km
of telegraph lines connecting Kolkata and Peshawar in
the north along with Agra, Mumbai through Sindwa
Ghats and Chennai in the South as well as Ootacamund
and Bangalore was started in November 1853.
8) Answer: c)
The original name of Dayanand Saraswati was Mula
Sankara because he was born in Dhanu Rashi and Mul
Nakshatra. His father was Karshanji Lalji Kapadi, and
his mother was Yashodabai.
9) Answer: c)
Dadabhai Naoroji also known as the "Grand Old Man
of India’’ was an Indian Parsi scholar, trader and
politician who was a Liberal Party member of
Parliament (MP) in the United Kingdom House of
Commons between 1892 and 1895, and the first Indian
to be elected to the British Parliament.
10) Answer: a)
Colonial India was the part of the Indian subcontinent
that was under the jurisdiction of European colonial
powers during the Age of Discovery. European power
was exerted both by conquest and trade, especially in
spices. Danish did not have a settlement on the Eastern
Coast of India.
11) Answer: d)
Macaulay minute reform which was introduced in 1835
made English as a medium of education which was
compulsory in upper primary level education.
12) Answer: b)
Portuguese controlled maximum trade in western
coastal region during 17th century. They traded gold,
and also spices, ivory, and slaves for metals, cloth, and
manufactured goods.
13) Answer: b)
Rani Lakshmi bai or also known as Jhansi Ki rani led
the revolt of 1857 at Jhansi. She fought bravely and
died while fighting the British during the 1857 revolt
and became a supreme symbol of Indian nationalism.
14) Answer: b)
The Doctrine of lapse theory was introduced by Lord
Dalhousie. The company took over the princely states
of Satara (1848), Jaitpur and Sambalpur (1849),
Nagpur and Jhansi (1854), Tore and Arcot (1855) and
Udaipur (Chhattisgarh) under the terms of the doctrine
of lapse. Thus, Satara was the first princely state where
Doctrine of lapse applied.
15) Answer: b)
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The University of Calcutta is a public state university
located in Kolkata, West Bengal, India established on
24 January 1857. The school was founded in 1857
while Lord Canning was the Governor General of
India.
16) Answer: d)
Chittagong armoury raid also known as the Chittagong
uprising, was an attempt on 18 April 1930 to raid the
armoury of police and auxiliary forces from the
Chittagong armoury in the Bengal Presidency of
British India by armed Indian independence fighters
led by Surya Sen. Dinesh Gupta was not involved in
the Chittagong Armoury Raid.
17) Answer: b)
English East India Company became the legitimate
masters of Bengal Suba after battle of Buxar which
was held on 22 Oct, 1764 between East lndia company
led by Hector Munro and Mir Qasim (Nawab of
Bengal), Mughal emperor Shah Alam, Nawab of
Avadh Shira-jud-daula.
18) Answer: a)
Parsi-born Ardaseer Cursetjee Wadia, an Indian
shipbuilder and engineer belonging to the Wadia ship
building family, was the first Indian to be elected a
Royal Society Fellow, way back in 1841.
19) Answer: b)
The Battle of Wandiwash was a decisive battle in India
during the Seven Years' War. The Count de Lally's
army, burdened by a lack of naval support and funds,
attempted to regain the fort at Vandavasi, now in Tamil
Nadu. He was attacked by Sir Eyre Coote's forces and
decisively defeated. This battle proved to be decisive in
the Anglo-French rivalry in India.
20) Answer: a)
The first newspaper in India was published on 29
January, 1780 by James Augustus Hicky under the
British Raj and its name was 'The Bengal Gazette'. It
was also called as 'Calcutta General Advertiser' and
people simply remember it as 'Hicky's Gazette'.
21) Answer: d)
The Governor of the Punjab was head of the British
administration in the province of the Punjab. In 1849
the East India Company defeated the Sikh Empire and
annexed the Punjab region. The Governor-General of
India, Lord Dalhousie implemented a three-member
Board of Administration to govern the province. Thus,
Punjab was annexed to the British empire during the
reign of Governor-General Lord Dalhousie.
22) Answer: b)
Bhulabhai Desai was an Indian independence activist
and acclaimed lawyer. When three captured Indian
National Army (INA) officers, Shahnawaz Khan, Prem
Kumar Sahgal and Gurbaksh Singh Dhillon were put
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on trial for treason, the Congress formed a Defence
committee composed of 17 advocates including
Bhulabhai Desai.
23) Answer: a)
Anandamath is a Bengali fiction, written by Bankim
Chandra Chattopadhyay and published in 1882. Set in
the background of the Sannyasi Rebellion in the late
18th century, it is considered one of the most important
novels in the history of Bengali and Indian literature.
24) Answer: a)
Thomas Babington Macaulay was the one who started
English education in India. In his report, Macaulay
emphasized the promotion of European literature and
science through English medium to the people of India.
This recommendation was wholeheartedly accepted by
William Bentinck. The Government Resolution in
1835 made English the official and literary language of
India.
25) Answer: d)
The governor general at the time of 1857 revolt was
Lord Canning. He was made general just after the very
famous Lord Dalhousie (1848–1856). Canning became
general in 1856 and after having the famous revolt of
1857, till 1862 he was on the post.
26) Answer: b)
Partition Committee was formed which was chaired by
Lord Mountbatten and its members were Vallabh Bhai
Patel, Dr. Rajendra Prasad, Liaqat Ali Khan and Abdur
Rab Nishtar. Later this committee was replaced by a
Partition Council.
27) Answer: c)
Lord Ripon is known to have granted the Indians first
taste of freedom by introducing the Local Self
Government in 1882. He is known as Father of Local
Self Government in India. This was not enacted by any
act, it was a resolution that was passed in 1882.
28) Answer: c)
The three-round table conference of 1930-1932 were a
series of conferences organized by British government
to discuss constitution reforms in India on the basis of
report given by Simon Commission. The Round table
conference at London met for the discussion of a future
Administration of India.
29) Answer: a)
Direct Action Day (16 August 1946), also known as
the 1946 Calcutta Killings, was a day of widespread
communal rioting between Muslims and Hindus in the
city of Calcutta in the Bengal province of British India.
The day also marked the start of what is known as The
Week of the Long Knives.
30) Answer: a)
October 16, 1905 is an important date for Bengal. The
then Viceroy of India, Lord Curzon decided to divide
the region in a way that the western part was home to
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the Hindu majority area and the eastern part for the
Muslim majority. The real motives behind the partition
plan were the British desire to weaken Bengal, the
nerve centre of Indian nationalism and divide the
Muslims and Hindus on the basis of religion.
31) Answer: d)
"Tryst with Destiny" was a speech delivered by
Jawaharlal Nehru, the first Prime Minister of
independent India, to the Indian Constituent Assembly
in The Parliament, on the eve of India's Independence,
towards midnight on 14 August 1947. It spoke on the
aspects that transcend India's history. It is considered to
be one of the greatest speeches of the 20th century.
32) Answer: d)
The Calcutta Special Session of Congress in September
1920 passed the Non-cooperation resolution, the
resolution was officially valid in the Nagpur annual
session in Dec 1920. It was the movement under the
leadership of Mahatma Gandhi.
33) Answer: b)
Lord Curzon introduced some reforms in agriculture.
He passed the Punjab Land alienation Act of 1902.
Under this act, Curzon declared the land of agriculture
will not be transferred to non-agriculturist. In this way,
he protected the farmers from moneylenders.
34) Answer: c)
On November 1, 1858, a grand Darbar was held at
Allahabad. Here Lord Canning sent forth the royal
proclamation which announced that the queen had
assumed the government of India. This proclamation
declared the future policy of the British Rule in India.
35) Answer: a)
The Lucknow Pact was an agreement that reached
between the Indian National Congress and the Muslim
League at the following joint session of both the parties
held in Lucknow in October 1916 during
A.C.Mazumdar as the President.
36) Answer: c)
The theory of economic drain of India during British
imperialism was propounded by Dadabhai Naoroji. He
mentioned the concept of drain of wealth from India
during British rule in his book Poverty and Un-British
Rule in India.
37) Answer: b)
In February 1927, Jawaharlal Nehru on behalf of the
National Congress attended the Congress of Oppressed
Nationalities at Brussels organised by political exiles
and revolutionaries from the countries of Asia, Africa
and Latin America suffering from economic or
political imperialism. The Congress was called to
coordinate and plan their common struggle against
imperialism. Many left-wing intellectuals and political
leaders of Europe also joined the Congress.
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38) Answer: a)
Lord William Bentick's meeting with Maharaja Ranjit
Singh at Ropar, on the bank of the Sutlej, in the spring
of 1831 October 15 was an occasion of a impressive
ceremony and display. Both sides met on the either
side of Sutlej with their full forces. Thus, William
Bentick entertained Ranjit Singh with great honour at
Ropar.
39) Answer: c)
In the Session of 1947 held at Meerut Acharya J.B
Kripalani was the President of Indian National
Congress when Mountbatten plan of independence was
accepted.
40) Answer: b)
The Surat Split was the splitting of the Indian National
Congress into two groups - the Extremists and the
Moderates - at the Surat session in 1907. The
moderates wanted "Ras Bihari Ghosh “as president of
the Indian National Congress and radicals wanted
"Lala Lajpat Rai" as president.
41) Answer: a)
It was during the period of Lord Lawrence (1864 –
1869) that the three High Courts were established at
Calcutta, Bombay and Madras in 1865.
42) Answer: b)
Vijaya Lakshmi Pandit was an Indian diplomat and
politician who was elected as the first female president
of the United Nations General Assembly. Pandit was
sent to London as India's most important diplomat after
serving as Nehru's envoy to the Soviet Union, the
United States and the United Nations.
43) Answer: c)
George Yule (1829-1892) was a Scottish merchant in
England and India who served as the fourth President
of the Indian National Congress in 1888 at Allahabad,
the first non-Indian to hold that office.
44) Answer: a)
Charter Act 1833 was passed by the British Parliament
to renew the charter of East India Company which was
last renewed in 1813. Via this act, the charter was
renewed for 20 years but the East India Company was
deprived of its commercial privileges which it enjoyed
so far. India’s first law commission was set up under
Charter act of 1833 and Lord Macaulay was made its
Chairman.
45) Answer: c)
At Qasim Bazar in Bengal the East India Company was
given permission to trade and build a factory by the
Mughals in the year 1651.
46) Answer: b)
British member of Parliament (House of commons)
Benziman Disraeli admitted the revolt of 1857 as a
National Revolt. V.D. Savarkar describe this revolt as
the Indian's first struggle for Independence.
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47) Answer: a)
Doctrine of Passive Resistance is authored by
Aurobindo Ghosh. It is based on a series of articles by
Aurobindo Ghosh which were published in April 1907
in the journal Bande Matram. The articles were written
when the Bengal was burning with indignation after its
partition on October 16, 1905, by Viceroy Curzon.
48) Answer: a)
The All India Depressed Classes Association was
organised by B.R Ambedkar in 1930. The main aim
was to uplift the economy and status of depressed
classes and provide them reservation. They wanted to
provide them their rights.
49) Answer: a)
Sir Syed Ahmed Khan, was an Islamic pragmatist,
Islamic reformer and philosopher of nineteenth century
British India. He analysed the causes of the uprising of
1857 advocating a reconciliation between the British
and the Muslims.
50) Answer: c)
The Anarchical and Revolutionary Crimes Act of 1919,
popularly known as the Rowlatt Act or Black Act, was
a legislative council act passed by the Imperial
Legislative Council in Delhi on 21 March 1919. The
British government passed the infamous Rowlatt Act
which gave enormous powers to the police to arrest
any person without any reason whatsoever. The
purpose of the Act was to curb the growing nationalist
upsurge in the country.
51) Answer: a)
During Kingship, land was divided into Jagirs, Jagirs
were alloted to Jagirdars, these Jagirdars split the land
they got and allocated to sub-ordinate Zamindars.
Zamindars made peasants cultivate the land, in-return
collected part of their revenue as tax. Thus, Zamindars
were benefitted most by the British revenue system in
India
52) Answer: d)
On 28 December 1885, the Indian National Congress
was founded at Gokuldas Tejpal Sanskrit College in
Bombay, with 72 delegates in attendance. Hume
assumed office as the General Secretary, and Womesh
Chunder Banerjee of Calcutta was elected President.
Lord Dufferin was the Governor General and Viceroy
of India during the formation of Indian National
Congress.
53) Answer: b)
Mangal Pandey was an Indian soldier who played a
key part in the events immediately preceding the
outbreak of the Indian rebellion of 1857. At the
Barrackpore ground near Kolkata, on the afternoon of
29 March 1857, Pandey attacked and injured his
British sergeant and wounded an adjutant. While
Pandey incited his fellow soldiers to join him in the
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rebellion, a native soldier prevented him from killing
the adjutant and the sergeant-major.
54) Answer: c)
The Southern Province, also known simply as Goa,
was the headquarters of Portuguese India, and seat of
the Portuguese viceroy who governed the Portuguese
possessions in Asia.
55) Answer: b)
Warren Hastings was the first Governor General of
India. He resigned, returned to England, was
impeached for his conduct in India and had to face a
trial by Parliament.
56) Answer: a)
“Jana Gana Mana” is the national anthem of India.
Written in highly Sanskritised Bengali, it is the first of
five stanzas of a Brahmo hymn composed and scored
by Nobel laureate Rabindranath Tagore. It was first
sung in Calcutta Session of the Indian National
Congress on 27 December 1911.
57) Answer: b)
Champakaraman Pillai founded the Indian National
Part in Berlin during 1914. He was an Indian-born
political activist and revolutionary from Trivandrum,
Kerala. Pillai lived in Germany for most of his active
years, and died in Berlin in 1934.
58) Answer: a)
Calcutta is the first capital of India. In 13 February
1931 Delhi became the capital of India, shifting
Calcutta. The capital was shifted from Calcutta as
Delhi was the financial and political seat of many
earlier empires and was located closer to the
geographical centre of India. Lord Hardinge was the
Viceroy when Delhi became the capital of British
India.
59) Answer: d)
Lord Linlithgow was Viceroy of India from 1936 to
1944 and this eight years period was longest reign as
Viceroy of India. Thus, he was the Viceroy at the time
of Quit India Movement that took place in 1942.
60) Answer: d)
The charter act of 1833 legalized the British
colonization of India and the territorial possessions of
the company were allowed to remain under its
government, but were held “in trust for his majesty, his
heirs and successors” for the service of Government of
India. This act ended the East India Company’s
monopoly to trade with China.
61) Answer: a)
The doctrine of lapse was an annexation policy applied
by the British East India Company in India until
1859.Mysore state did not have a 'natural heir' and it
was not annexed under the 'doctrine of lapse' by the
'East India Company'.
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62) Answer: a)
Ryotwari System was introduced in India in 1820 by
Thomas Munro and Charles Reed. It was first
introduced in Madras presidency. Under this British
Government collected taxes directly from the peasants.
63) Answer: c)
On 28 December 1885, the Indian National Congress
was founded at Gokuldas Tejpal Sanskrit College in
Bombay, with 72 delegates in attendance. Hume
assumed office as the General Secretary, and Womesh
Chunder Banerjee of Calcutta was elected President.
Thus, Womesh Chunder Banerjee presided the first
meeting of Indian National Congress in 1885.
64) Answer: c)
The Government of India Act 1858 was an Act of the
British parliament that transferred the government and
territories of the East India Company to the British
Crown. The company's rule over British territories in
India came to an end and it was passed directly to the
British government.
65) Answer: d)
Swami Vivekananda was responsible for the revival of
Hinduism in the 19th century. A Hindu, according to
Vivekananda, is one who believes in the authority of
the Vedas, God, the cyclical order of creation,
preservation and dissolution, the immortality of the
atman and its innate purity and perfection,
reincarnation and religion as realization.
66) Answer: c)
Pandita Ramabai started 'Sharda sadan' (House of
Learning) at Bombay in 1889. It was the school of
Indian Widows in colonial India.
67) Answer: b)
The Regulating Act of 1773 recognized the political
functions of the company, because it asserted for the
first time right of the parliament to dictate the form of
government. It was the first attempt of British
government to centralize the administrative machinery
in India.
68) Answer: d)
Anand Math is a Bengali fiction, written by Bankim
Chandra Chattopadhyay and published in 1882. It is
inspired by and set in the background of the Sannyasi
Rebellion in the late 18th century, it is considered one
of the most important novels in the history of Bengali
and Indian literature.
69) Answer: a)
The Second Anglo–Mysore War was a conflict
between the Kingdom of Mysore and the British East
India Company from 1780 to 1784. Warren Hastings
was the Governor-General during this war.
70) Answer: b)
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Sarojini Naidu called Mohammad Ali Jinnah as
'Ambassador of Hindu-Muslim unity. He advocated
Hindu–Muslim unity in early years of his political
career. Gopal Krishna Gokhale stated that Jinnah "has
true stuff in him, and that freedom from all sectarian
prejudice which will make him the best ambassador of
Hindu–Muslim Unity".
71) Answer: c)
The Indian Independence Act, which was based on the
Mountbatten plan of June 3, was passed by the British
parliament on July 5, 1947 and first presented in the
House of Commons in London on July 4, 1947. It
received royal assent or approval on July 18, 1947.
72) Answer: d)
Sadr-Diwani- Adalat in civil court was introduced by
Warren Hastings. It was established in Kolkata (then
Calcutta) in 1772. The system was reformed two times
in 1780 and 1793 respectively by the British.
73) Answer: b)
Atmiya Sabha was a philosophical discussion circle in
India. The association was started by Ram Mohan Roy
in 1815 in Kolkata (then Calcutta). They used to
conduct debate and discussion sessions on
philosophical topics, and also used to promote free and
collective thinking and social reforms.
74) Answer: d)
On 14 July 1942, the Congress Working Committee
met again at Wardha and resolved that it would
authorise Gandhi to take charge of the non-violent
mass movement. The Resolution, generally referred to
as the 'Quit India' resolution, was to be approved by the
All India Congress Committee meeting in Bombay in
August.
75) Answer: b)
Charles John Canning was an English statesman and
Governor-General of India during the Indian Rebellion
of 1857.The system of budget was introduced in India
during the viceroyalty of Lord Canning.
76) Answer: d)
In India, the term First War of Independence was first
popularized by Vinayak Damodar Savarkar in his 1909
book The History of the War of Indian Independence,
which was originally written in Marathi.
77) Answer: a)
Manabendra Nath Roy, born Narendra Nath
Bhattacharya, was an Indian revolutionary, radical
activist and political theorist, as well as a noted
philosopher in the 20th century. Roy was a founder of
the Mexican Communist Party and the Communist
Party of India. He was the first Indian to be elected as
the leader of the Communist International.
78) Answer: b)
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The Battle of Plassey was a decisive victory of the
British East India Company over the Nawab of Bengal
and his French allies on 23 June 1757, under the
leadership of Robert Clive which was possible due to
the defection of Mir Jafar Ali Khan, who was Siraj-ud-
Daulah's commander in chief. The battle helped the
Company seize control of Bengal.
79) Answer: a)
Surat is the first place where the EIC decided to
establish a factory first though it materialized first in
Masulipatnam. The company created trading posts in
Surat (where a factory was built in 1612), Madras
(1639), Bombay (1668), and Calcutta (1690).
80) Answer: b)
Sir Dadabhai Naoroji also known as the "Grand Old
Man of India” was an Indian Parsi scholar, trader and
politician who was a Liberal Party member of
Parliament (MP) in the United Kingdom House of
Commons between 1892 and 1895. He was the first
Indian to be elected as a Member of the British House
of Commons.
81) Answer: d)
On May 20, 1498, when the Portuguese explorer Vasco
da Gama landed in Kozhikode, India, via the Cape of
Good Hope, in the Atlantic Ocean, Portugal became
the first European country to discover the new sea
route to India.
82) Answer: c)
The Battle of Plassey was a decisive victory of the
British East India Company over the Nawab of Bengal
and his French allies on 23 June 1757, under the
leadership of Robert Clive which was possible due to
the defection of Mir Jafar Ali Khan, who was Siraj-ud-
Daulah's commander in chief. The battle helped the
Company seize control of Bengal. Thus, Mir Jaffar
betrayed Siraj-ud-Daula in the Battle of Plassey.
83) Answer: d)
Satyashodhak Samaj is a social reform society
established by Mahatma Jyotiba Phule in Pune, India,
on 24 September 1873. Its purpose was to liberate the
Shudra and Untouchable castes from exploitation and
oppression.
84) Answer: d)
Mahatma Gandhi appointed Abbas Tyabji to replace
him as leader of the Salt Satyagraha in May 1930 after
Gandhi's arrest. Tyabji was arrested soon afterwards
and imprisoned by the British Indian Government.
85) Answer: d)
Kesari is a Marathi newspaper which was founded in
1881 by Lokmanya Bal Gangadhar Tilak, a prominent
leader of the Indian Independence movement. The
newspaper was started and was used as a spokes piece
for the Indian national freedom movement.
86) Answer: d)
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Goa is a former Portuguese colony, the Portuguese
overseas territory of Portuguese India that existed for
about 450 years until it was annexed by India in 1961.
Thus, the traces of Portuguese culture are found in
Goa.
87) Answer: d)
It was the Madras session of 1927 that for the first time
the Congress called for Purna Swaraj, or complete
freedom, with Jawaharlal Nehru moving the
Independence Resolution but the demand for 'Poorna
swaraj' or complete independence was adopted at
Lahore session of Congress in December 1929.
88) Answer: a)
On 7 February 1856 by order of Lord Dalhousie,
General of the East India Company, the king of Oudh
(Wajid Ali Shah) was deposed, and its kingdom was
annexed to British India under the terms of the
Doctrine of lapse on the grounds of alleged internal
misrule. Thus, Wajid Ali Shah was the Nawab when
Dalhousie annexed Awadh in 1856.
89) Answer: c)
Sher Ali Afridi, also called Shere Ali, is known for
killing Lord Mayo, the Viceroy of India, on 8 February
1872. He was a prisoner on the Andaman and Nicobar
Islands at the time, sentenced for murder. Thus, Lord
Mayo became a victim of one of the convicts during
his visit to the Andamans.
90) Answer: a)
Bal Gangadhar Tilak born Keshav Gangadhar Tilak,
was a popular leader of the people who fought for
Indian independence during the Indian Independence
Movement. He was a journalist, teacher, social
reformer, playwright, and lawyer. He was also a
political extremist and considered as the ‘Father of
Extremist Movement’ in India.
91) Answer: d)
Jana-Gana-Mana was composed by Rabindra Nath
Tagore in Bengali language. Under the title of Bharat
Vidhata it was first published in 1912 and sung in the
Calcutta session,1911.
92) Answer: d)
In 1822, Roy founded the Anglo-Hindu school,
followed four years later (1826) by the Vedanta
college; where he insisted that his teaching of
monotheistic doctrines be incorporated with modern
western curriculum. However, Ram Mohan was the
chief advocate of the western system of education and
the scientific learning.
93) Answer: c)
The Bardoli Satyagraha was a major peasant
movement in Gujarat in the year 1928, led by
Vallabhbhai Patel. Mahatma Gandhi gave the title of
Sardar to Vallabhbhai Patel for his great organizational
skill in The Bardoli Satyagraha.
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94) Answer: d)
Fort William is a fort in Calcutta (Kolkata), built
during the early years of the Bengal Presidency of
British India. It sits on the eastern banks of the River
Hooghly, the major distributary of the River Ganges.
95) Answer: a)
In Lahore, Lala Lajpat Rai, who was leading the
demonstration against the Simon Commission, was
brutally lathi-charged. He died later that year due to
injuries sustained then. Thus, Lala Lajpat Rai was
demonstrating against Simon Commission when he
succumbed to police brutality.
96) Answer: b)
Lord Canning was the last Governor-General of East
India Company and became the first Viceroy of India
under Crown rule after the Queen Victoria's
proclamation in the year 1858.
97) Answer: d)
The government formed a committee of inquiry to
investigate the Jallianwala Bagh shootings. The
committee was commonly known as Hunter
Commission after the name of chairman, Lord William
Hunter. It also had Indian members. In the final report
submitted in March 1920, the committee unanimously
condemned Dyer's actions.
98) Answer: b)
Permanent settlement was introduced in 1793 by Lord
Cornwallis and covered around one fifth of British
territory in India, including Bengal, Bihar, Orissa, parts
of Northern Karnataka, Varanasi and some other areas.
With the permanent settlement, the auctioning of land
(Izaredar system in Bengal) came to at an end.
99) Answer: a)
All India Women’s Conference was founded in 1927
by Margaret Cousins in order to improve educational
efforts for women and children and has expanded its
scope to also tackle other women's rights issues. The
organisation is one of the oldest women's groups in
India and has branches throughout the country.
100) Answer: a)
Cripps Mission headed by Sir Stafford Cripps came to
India in the year 1942 to secure full Indian co-
operation for world war-II. Gandhiji remarked Cripps
Mission as Post-dated Cheque on a crumbling bank.
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