Expect more from us. We do. Infection Control in the Health Care Setting By: DeAnna Looper RN, CHPN,...
-
Upload
jasper-beasley -
Category
Documents
-
view
214 -
download
0
Transcript of Expect more from us. We do. Infection Control in the Health Care Setting By: DeAnna Looper RN, CHPN,...
Expect more from us. We do.
Infection Control in the Health Care Setting
By: DeAnna Looper RN, CHPN, CHPCA Chief Corporate Clinical Consultant, Legal Nurse Consultant, HPNA Approved Educator, ELNEC Certified Trainer, Certified Grief Recovery Specialist.
Expect more from us. We do.
Learning Objectives
• Describe the adverse affects of infections
• Describe common types of infections
• Describe the causes of infections
• Describe risk factors for infections
• Describe common signs & symptoms of infections
• Describe ways to reduce infections
Expect more from us. We do.
Adverse Affects of Infections
• Impede quality of life
• Increase in pain levels
• Lead to serious illness
• Financially crippling
Expect more from us. We do.
Infections in LTC Facilities
• 1.6 to 3.8 million infections occur annually in LTC.
• Rates of death in residents 0.04 to 0.71 per 1000 resident days.
• Pneumonia is the leading cause of death
• Infections are the leading reason for transferring residents to hospitals.
• Financial loss to the LTC facility
Expect more from us. We do.
Microorganisms that cause Infections
• BacteriaStaphylococcus – common in woundsStreptococcus – common in respiratory tractE-Coli-commonly caused by food contamination
• Virus Colds, Influenza, HIV, Hepatitis
• Fungus & parasitesYeast, skin and nail infections
Expect more from us. We do.
Spreading of Infections• Chain of Infection
(How it is passed)
• Causative Agent
• Reservoir of the Agent
• Portal of Exit
Expect more from us. We do.
Spreading of Infection• Route of Transmission
• Portal of Entry
• Susceptible Host
Expect more from us. We do.
Common Risk Factors• Poor nutritional status
• Emotional stress
• Very young
• Very old
• Weakened by illness or chronic disease
• Medications
Expect more from us. We do.
Early Signs of Infection
• Fever
• Malaise
• Elevated white count (on routine CBC)
• Complaints from resident/patients of “not feeling well”
• Loss of appetite
Expect more from us. We do.
Localized Signs and Symptoms
• Redness/discoloration
• Warmth/heat
• Streaking (not the one Ray Stevens referred to)
• Draining or pus / Color of the drainage
• Swelling, pain, or tenderness
• Foul odor
Expect more from us. We do.
Systemic Signs and Symptoms• Nausea and vomiting
• Diarrhea
• Labored breathing
• Sweating / Chills
• Enlarged Lymph Nodes
• Mental Status Changes
Expect more from us. We do.
Preventing or Reducing Infections
• Standard precautions-Follow universal precaution methods
• Alcohol Gel stations in addition to hand washing
• Use disinfection cleaning procedures
• Healthy staff
• Hand washing
Expect more from us. We do.
Preventing or Reducing Infections• Encourage staff with an illness to stay home
• Cover mouth when cough or sneeze
Expect more from us. We do.
The Golden Ticket
• Hand washing is the “Golden Ticket” to preventing infections.
• Wash with soap and water whenever your hands are visibly soiled
• Wash hands before and after eating, drinking, smoking or even placing a piece of chewing gum in mouth.
Expect more from us. We do.
Hand Washing –The Golden Ticket• Before and after using the restroom
• After removing gloves
• At the start and finish of your shift
• Touching contaminated equipment
Expect more from us. We do.
Hand Washing 101• Wet first with warm water
• About 5cc of soap (half dollar size)
• Rub hands together for 15-30 seconds
• Cover all surfaces of the hands and fingers• Rinse thoroughly• Dry with paper towels• Use paper towel to
• turn off water and • to open the door• Discard in nearest trash can
Expect more from us. We do.
Hand Sanitizer Use 101
• Apply 2-3 ml of an alcohol sanitizer (quarter size)
• Rub hands together
• Cover all surfaces of your hands and fingers
• Include areas around and under fingernails
• Continue rubbing hands together until alcohol dries 10 – 15 seconds
Expect more from us. We do.
Remember Your PPE
• Gloves
• Gowns
• Eye wear
• Splash shields
• Shoe and hair covers
Expect more from us. We do.
References• WHO World Health Organization. “Save Lives-Clean
your hands” http://www.who.int/gpsc/country_work/gpsc_ccisc_fact_sheet_en.pdf. Retrieved: 22 July, 2013.
• Encyclopedia Britannia. “Definitions” http://www.britannica.com. Retrieved 23 July, 2013
• CDC –Centers for Disease Control. “Handwashing: Clean Hands Save Lives” http://www.cdc.gov/handwashing/. Retrieved 23, July 2013
Expect more from us. We do.
References• Chicago Journals. Volume 29. No. 9. September
2008. “Infection Control and Hospital Epidemiology” www.JSTOR.org/stable/10.1086/592416. Retrieved: 22, July 2013.
• Ha’o Schneider, Gloria, The 800 Seniors.com Blog. “Infection Control in Skilled Nursing and Assisted Living”, May 13, 2011. http://seniorassistedliving.wordpress.com/?s=Infection+Control+ Retrieved 23, July 2013.