Expansion of FO network v2 - UTC AFRICA

Presentation title

Text

Expansion of the fibre optic network into the medium voltage distribution network

S. Jagannath Pr Eng.2017-03-09

Agenda1. Introduction

2. Smart grid concept

3. Need for communication networks within electric utilities

4. Communication network strategy

5. Motivation for the use of fibre optic technology

6. Multiducting technology

7. Fibre optic deployment business case development

8. eThekwini greenfield scenario

9. eThekwini brownfield scenario

10. Concluding remarks

AppendixUtility infrastructure sharing optionsDA business case development

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1. IntroductionThis presentation complements an article of the same title submitted for publication in upcoming AMEU newsletter.

eThekwini Electricity’s vision is to be the leader of electricity distribution within South Africa.

The aim of this presentation is to share information with respect to telecommunications which we feel may benefit our peers and the industry.

The intent is to highlight a few topics of discussion which each utility may undertake, ultimately forming their own opinion and destination relevant to their area of supply.

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Our Vision

To be a leader in electricity distribution providing energy for the future

Our StrategyTo develop the Electricity Unit as an undertaking that maximises the value of its electricity supplies and makeseffective use of all its resources

Our Mission

To provide electricity, public lighting and other energyservices that satisfy our customers and community whilstmaintaining sound business principles.

Electricity Sales :

R 11 Billion

Electricity Purchases

: R 6.7

Billion

Maximum Demand:1700 MW

Total Sales:11 000 GWh

Staff Compliment

2200

Total Customers:

720 000

Leverponds

SAR Winklespruit

Illovo

Sukuma

Plangweni

UmbogintwiniPearce

Isipingo

Toyota

Umlazi

Durban South

Doonside

Amanzimtoti

WinklespruitIllovo Mill

Smithfield

Chatsworth

Klaarwater

Durban North

Ottawa

Umdloti Beach

Cornubia SS

Sunningdale

Moreland

Mzinyati

Ntuzuma

Newlands

TongaatTruroland

Maidstone

Driefontein

Phoenix North

Hazelmere

Eastbury

Redfern

Verulam

Clayfield

SpringvaleCoronation

ParkhillHillcrest

Westmead

Mariannridge

UnderwoodBlair Athol

Reservoir

Engen Tara 2

Jacobs

Old Fort

Mayville

Roberts

*1

Merewent

Bellair SS

AddingtonDalton

Rossburgh

Prospecton

Romatex

Congella

Northdene

HuntleysAlice

Berea

Engen Tara 1

Woodlands

BeachwalkCathedral

Springfield

Westville

Umgeni

Pinetown Frametex

Windsor SS

HectorGeorgedale

Ottawa Trac

Havenside

Coedmore SS

Duffs Rd TracWaterfall

T21T27

Clermont

Phoenix Ind

Kloof

Glenashley

Quary

Frametex

AECI

Cato

Himalayas SSMobeni South

Pineside

LotusPark

La Mercy

Edwin Swales SS

Fynnlands

Wentworth

Avoca

Shallcross

Tongaat

Ridgeview

Kingsburgh

Ottawa

Mondi

Randles

Ridgeside

Mt EdgecombeUmhlanga Rocks

GreenburyGateway

Canelands Trac

Plangweni Pump Station 132kV Cable33kV Line

275kV Line

132kV Substation

33kV Cable

132/33kV Substation

33kV Substation

132kV Line

132kV Traction

Decommissioned Substation

275kV Substation

132/33/11kV Substation

Switching Station 5

275kV

275/132kVSubstations

132/33kVSubstations

33/11 (or 33/6.6kV)

Substations

132/11kVSubstations

11kV

33kV

132kV

(5)

(12)

(34)

(53)

11/0.4kVSubstations (12 350)

0.4kV

Type Cables LinesLength (km)

10 825 7 368

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“A smart grid is a network that allows for a two-way flow ofinformation and electricity.Unlike a conventional grid, a smart grid uses electronic sensorsto monitor its performance and feed information back toconsumers and network operators.It allows consumers to monitor their energy consumption andmake better informed choices.It gives energy providers real-time information on networkperformance and consumption, which can be used to makesustainable and commercial decisions on infrastructureoperation and development.Using smart technology the network is able to ‘heal’ or repairitself following an incident, thereby enhancing reliability andpower quality and making better use of our existinginfrastructure.”(Westernpower, Smart Grid)


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3. Need for communication networks within the electric utilities

1. Regulatory requirements – NERSA (Reliability, Safety, Quality of supply, etc)

2. Statutory requirements - National Regulation 773 (request for smart systems-Metering)

3. Current & Future requirements :• SCADA • Distribution Automation

• Teleprotection • OMS

• Power Quality • (Electricity) ICT Links

• Remote Engineering access • Advanced Metering Infrastructure

• Closed Circuit Television • Municipal Links – MetroConnect

• Access control & Security systems

• Remote management for Generation and Co-Generation

• Telephony (VOIP)

• Security systems

• Asset Management9

3. Need for communication networks within the electric utilities

4. Tele-protection • Forms part of the power system electrical protection.• Prevents the loss of lives under fault conditions.• Prevents damage to millions of Rands of electrical infrastructure.• Influences major reduction in cost of un-served energy to eThekwini Municipality

customers (Billions…).• NERSA requirement.

5. HV SCADA• Tool required to monitor and control the electrical network.• Influences major reduction in cost of un-served energy to eThekwini Municipality

(Billions…).

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4. Communication networks strategy Communication link technologies in order of preference :

1. Fibre optic link to new SITE.

2. XDSL/PLC link via existing Copper Pilot cable (Legacy technology still in service,

fibre optics is now more economically feasible).

3. Wireless Mesh or Point to Multipoint link (performance not acceptable for Tele

Protection).

4. GPRS links via 3rd Party Networks (No quality of service (best effort) & performance

not acceptable for Tele Protection).

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4. Communication Networks Strategy Private, Integrated, Multi-tier, Hierarchical communication network

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4. Communication Networks Strategy

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2013 / 20141. In absence of a smart grid (SG) plan, assumptions were made on

communication requirements.

2. Research initiated with the intent to provide the business with an end to end communication network solution when called for.

3. Bankable activities were actioned eg. Layer 1 connectivity.

4. Due to resource limitations, legacy technology support and retrofitmentie. DSL over pilot cables was placed on hold. Resources directed to new technology adoption ie. Fibe optics and wireless.

5. Proposal for the installation of fibre optics released; wireless mesh project initiated.

6. High CAPEX investments on technology placed on hold eg. Layer 2,3,4 connectivity.

5. Motivation for use of fibre optic technology

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1. Fixed medium whose performance characteristics exceeds the requirements for differential protection.

2. Has a long economic life with lower long term maintenance costs.

3. Offers high reliability & considered secure.

4. Provides high bandwidth and forward proofing by upgrading the networking equipment operating over it.

5. Supports multiple communication services such as SCADA, tele-protection, broad band internet, etc.

6. Immunity to electromagnetic interference, non conductive.

7. Lighter weight cable – better design.

8. Long transmission distances, less signal degradation, low power.

5. Motivation for use of fibre optic technology

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9. Various fibre optic technologies exist in industry eg. OPGW, ADSS, HDD,etc.

10. This presentation is specifically focusing on multi-ducting technology.

11. For additional info refer to SAIEE presentation on fibre optic (FO) systemswhich covers :

• Fibre cable composition• FO cable standards• Installation techniques• Operation and maintenance• Answers the question to how much data capacity is available on a

fibre optic cable..

6. Multi-duct technology1. It is a technology used to deploy fibre optic systems via underground trenches.2. Specifications covered in SANS 60794-5.3. Microduct: is a small flexible light weight tube with an outer diameter typically less than

16 mm .

4. Multiduct: several microduct tubes protected by an outer sheath.

5. Micro cable: optical fibre cable that is suitable for installation by blowing/jetting into

microduct tube.

Outer HDPE Sheath

1

2 3

4

56

7

14/10mm Microduct Tube

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6. Multi-duct technology• Jointing of multiduct/microducts

– Needs to be water/air tight (16 Bar)

• Manholes– 600 mm and 1000 mm Fibre cement manholes

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6. Multi-duct technologyTypical installation:• Direct buried 7-way HDPE multiduct tube• Manholes every 1000 m, access points, road crossings or bend exceeding

bending radius of multiduct• One 48 core microcable blown in per tube.• Unpopulated microduct tubes cater for future expansion

MAJ HH1 DSS2

DSS4 HH2

Blue

DSS3

OrangeGreen

BlueOrangeGreen

BlueO range

BlueOrange

Green

BlueYell ow40mm HDPEYell ow40mm HDPE

DSS1

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6. Multi-duct technology

Proof of concept installation pictures

6. Multi-duct technologyADVANTAGES1. Future expansion with no additional labour (trenching) cost, 6 x spare

microducts.2. Faster fibre cable installation (60-100 m/min) - Faster rollout of networks.3. Faster fault repair.4. Fewer manholes along route .5. Same labour to install pre-constructed 7-way multiduct as compared to a single

40 mm duct .DISADVANTAGES1. More technical skill required from the installation team.2. Need to keep microducts clean and free of obstruction using end seals etc.3. Special tools and equipment needed for tube preparation and fibre cable

installation.4. Duct integrity testing procedures at handover and prior to cable installation.

Luckily micro-ducting has been adopted by the large Telco's – pool of competentcontractors

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1. eThekwini Electricity has committed to evolving to a smart grid.

2. eThekwini Municipality has expressed an intention to become a smart city.

3. South Africa has committed to providing broadband access to all citizens to

bridge the digital divide, and increase economic development.

4. All concepts have Telecommunications as a core enabler.

5. All concepts have the same challenge – Where do we find the CAPEX ?

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Answer ?

Be smart. Formulate a vision and plan ahead.

Rationalise requirements, invest in bankable activities such as deploying fibre optic

ducting with electrical cables.

6. Why is it a bankable activity ?A smart grid will require two way communication to all end devices. Fibre optics is

the best technology (at present).

Many utilities adopted the legacy practice of deploying pilot cables eg. eThekwini

Electricity. A technology change is required to migrate to fibre optics.

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Item Unitofmeaure Rate Commenttoelectricutility Commenttomunicipality Commentto3rdparty/SA volume? Totalcost?

Trenchinglabourcost permetre 50.00R Costalreadyincurred

Costwillbeduplicatedbyanotherbusinessunitandfruitlessexpenditurebymuncipality

CostwillbeduplicatedbymultiplecompanieswhocouldhaveusedCAPEXelsewhere

Ductcost 40.00R

Installationlabourforductcost

permetre 10.00R

Fibreopticcablecost permetre 15.00R

InstallationlabourforFOcablecost

permetre 7.50R

Pilotcablecost -90.00RPilotcableinstallationlabourcost

-10.00R

Temporaryre-instatementcost

persqmetre 300.00R

Tarre-instatementcost

persqmetre 600.00RCangouptoR1000m2forindustrialarea

testingcost percore 10.00Rterminationcost percore 100.00R

Thiscostmayberepeatedmultipletimes.Oftenaddingrisktodamagetoearilerinstalledmunicipalassetseg.Roads,pavements,electrical,waterand

telecomcables.

Costcatersfor7cablesandupto96corespercable!

CostcanbebuiltintoDistributionAutomation

businesscase.

Costeffectiveleaseagreementscouldbe

considered.

Municipalitywillsaveonduplicationfibreoptic

cablecostsandcansharecostwithultility.

Legacycost-nowasaving

48corefibreopticcable-Anelectricutilitytypically

requires6-12.

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7. Above decisions have to be made inline with local municipality’s vision.

8. CAPEX can be incurred incrementally.

9. CAPEX is incurred in present day i.e. present value. The future value saving is greater. (It’s an investment).

10. Case example of eThekwini Electricity • We had a vision towards distribution automation.• A decision was taken to install fibre optic ducting with selected 11kV

cables.• This decision is bearing fruit as we are now retro-fitting fibre optic

cables to support differential protection and SCADA.

**Note other technologies and deployment techniques also exist.

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7. eThekwini greenfield scenario1. eThekwini Electricity has developed a scalable construction process to

deploy fibre optics to 11kV distribution substations.2. Fibre optic ducting is installed with 11kV cables.3. Fibre optic termination panels are supplied as turnkey solution with 11kV

switchgear.4. Fibre optic cables will be installed via a fibre optic installation contract. 5. Operation and maintenance will be undertaken internally.6. The business case to expand scope to cater for controllable ring main units is

under development.

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8. eThekwini brownfield scenario1. eThekwini Electricity has developed a scalable construction process to install

fibre optics into previously installed ducts.

2. A priority list for retro-fitment has been developed with MV Network Control. This includes hospitals, shopping centres, industrial areas, etc.

3. Retro-fitment materials are being introduced as stock items. Specifications are common between greenfield and brownfield scenarios.

4. *Wireless mesh technology is also being retrofitted for sites requiring improved SCADA reliability in a short time frame.

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8. Concluding remarks

1. eThekwini Electricity is currently working on the related strategic activities which other electric utilities could also consider:

• Reviewing of fibre optic sharing models to support local economic development.

• Introduction of a GIS telecommunication model for information management. Introduction of fibre optic competency training for internal staff and contractors.

• Introduction of tenders to introduce new fibre optic store materials. • Reviewing merits of expanding fibre optic duct installation to all medium

voltage cables to meet advanced distribution automation requirements.

2. EThekwini Electricity’s vision is that the above mentioned activities will better position them to meet future smart grid and smart city aspirations.

Thank You !!!

Scope of telecommunications1. Telecommunications has seven layers.

2. Most widely discussed is the first layer – physical layer.

3. Physical layer details the communication medium such as fibre optics.

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Open access model

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The term “open access” implies a resource that is made available to clients, other than the owner, on fair and non-discriminatory terms; in other words, the price for access is the same for all clients and is hopefully less than the cost of building a separate infrastructure.

Infrastructure sharing options and models

Infrastructure sharing options and modelsPassive infrastructure options

1. Share trenches.

2. Share large ducting /sleeves (110mm diameter).

3. Share telecommunications ducts.

4. Share fibre cable. Namely allocated fibre optic cores.

Active network option

1. Shared logical data network.

Stakeholders

1. Sharing between business units.

2. Sharing with 3rd parties. 31

EE draft recommendation regarding infrastructure sharing

1. The long term vision within eThekwini Electricity is to support the sharing of

infrastructure with other business units via an open access model.

2. This is in order optimise the asset lifecycle costs by maximizing the return on

investment of infrastructure within the city.

3. It is the intent of the Electricity Unit to co-ordinate the planning, construction,

operation and maintenance of telecommunication infrastructure installed with

electrical infrastructure and where required for electricity service delivery.

4. It is envisioned that either:

The Information Management Unit via MetroConnect shall pursue and support the

lease of infrastructure to private entities

Or

The Trading Services Cluster shall pursue the introduction of telecommunications as

a trading service. 32

Analysis of the benefits associated with infrastructure sharing

1. Reduce the overall deployment cost to municipality.

2. Reduce deployment cost to private entities.

3. Flexibility to introduce broadband internet as a trading service.

4. Positive impact of broadband on economic development.

5. Reduce damage to electrical cables, water pipes, telecom cables, roads and

pavements.

6. Reduce maintenance costs.

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Analysis of the risks associated with infrastructure sharing

1. Distraction from historical core business activities .

2. Possible objection from industry.

3. Complexity of co-ordination of activities.

4. Shared risk of damage to infrastructure.

5. Formal agreements between parties.

6. Degradation of quality of service.

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Motivation for telecommunication lifecycle management remaining within the Electricity Unit

1. Smart grid deployments span from high voltage infrastructure down to end

customers. Telecommunication connectivity is now required at all tiers.

(Telecoms and power distribution will have the same destinations).

2. Asset lifecycle management costs are already built into current processes, for

example fibre optic ducts and cable installations are already a required to be

installed with electrical cables. This reduces trenching and re-instatement costs.

3. The smart grid needs to be managed by Ethekwini Electricity.

Telecommunication is a mission critical requirement, therefore this risk needs to

be managed by Ethekwini Electricity. (Outages costs industry millions, outage of

tele-protection increases risks to loss of life & damage to infrastructure). 35

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Distribution Automation business case development

Intended calculations for a greenfield case scenario

Asset lifespan = 10 yearscost of unserved energy = CUE = R75 kWhdistribution automation cost = DAC

DAC = cost of telecommunication + cost of RTU

ROI is dependent on:1.Socio economic impact of cost of unserved energy to customers (CUE).2. Loss of revenue during outage period.3. Savings from automated restorage.4. Secondary benefits to municipality.

ROI = ((average outage time for industrial customer per annum)*(CUE)*(average 11kV Feeder load in industrial area) + (average outage time for industrial customer per annum)*(cost per hour for outage restoration )) * 10

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Distribution Automation business case development

Intended calculations for a greenfield case scenario

Past behaviour in similar areas can be used to predict future performance of new area

Any of the following information you can provide would be greatly appreciated:1. Average outage time for industrial customer per annum2. Average 11kV Feeder load in industrial area 3. Cost of outage restoration (cost of faults man per hour * number of faultsmen)

We will then investigate suggestions for ROI to become equal or great than the DAC..

Additional revenue generation options could then be considered as a last resort to balance the equation.

Expansion of FO network v2 - UTC AFRICA

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