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CHUQUICAMATA DEPOSITEEXOTICA DEPOSITE

LEACHED ZONE

OXIDATION ZONE

ENRICHED ZONE

MINERALIZED BEDROCK

MINERALIZED GRAVEL

BARREN GRAVEL

6 km 4.5 km

PRIMARY ZONE

LEACHED ZONE

jt + Fe(III)hydroxides

ENRICHED ZONE

cc, cv

PRIMARY ZONE

OXIDATION ZONE

jt + Fe(III)hydroxides

(schwertmannite)

NEUTRALIZATION ZONE

cv

PRIMARY ZONE

Supergene enriched

porphyry copper systemOxidizing porphyry copper tailings

!1 - 6% sulfides

System Analysis

Gossan

Fe(III)oxides goe + hm

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Dold & Fontbot (2001)

40 m

cp

40!m

cpcv

sl

EnriquecimientoEnriquecimientodedehastahasta0.6% Cu0.6% Cu

Dold & Lichtner (in prep.)

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9pH

1000

900

800700

600

500

400

300

200

100

0

ep(cm)

0 200 400 600 800

Eh (mV)

0 400 800 120Cu (mg/l)

Depth(m)

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SOLUTION 1 APS2

temp 15

pH 2.31pe 12.2

Redox pe

Units mg/l

density 1

Ca 463

Na 6.67

K 11.5

Al 2080

Cu 910

Mg 1430

Mn 92.9

S(6) 23100

Cl 70.5Zn 32.6

Si 50.9

Fe 1380

CHUQUICAMATA DEPOSITEEXOTICA DEPOSITE

LEACHED ZONE

OXIDATION ZONE

ENRICHED ZONE

MINERALIZED BEDROCK

MINERALIZED GRAVEL

BARREN GRAVEL

6 km 4.5 km

PRIMARY ZONE

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CHUQUICAMATA DEPOSITEEXOTICA DEPOSITE

LEACHED ZONE

OXIDATION ZONE

ENRICHED ZONE

MINERALIZED BEDROCK

MINERALIZED GRAVEL

BARREN GRAVEL

6 km 4.5 km

PRIMARY ZONE

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0 2 4 6 8 10 12

-1.0

-0.5

0.0

0.5

1.0

pH

[C u 2+ ]T O T

= 1 4 . 3 0 m M

[C l !]T O T

= 5 6 . 3 4 m M

[ S i ( O H )4

]T O T

= 1 8 1 . 1 0 m M

0 2 4 6 8 10 12

-1.0

-0.5

0.0

0.5

1.0

EhSHE

/V

pH

[ Cu 2+ ]T O T

= 1 4 . 3 0 m M

[ Cl !]T O T

= 1 . 99 m M

[ S i ( O H )4 ] TO T = 1 . 81 m M

0 2 4 6 8 10 12

-1.0

-0.5

0.0

0.5

1.0

pH

[ C u 2 + ]T O T

= 1 4 . 3 0 m M

[ C l !]T O T

= 5 6 . 3 4 m M

[ S i ( O H ) 4 ] T O T = 7 0 . 0 0 m M

t = 2 5 Ct = 2 5C t = 2 5 C

Cu2Cl(OH)3Atacamite

Cu

CuCl(c)

Cu2O(c)

CuO(c)

Cu Cu2Cl(OH)3

Atacamite

CuSiO3nH2O

Chrysocolla CuO(c)

Cu2O(c)

CuCl(c)

CuCu2Cl(OH)3Atacamite

CuSiO3nH2O

ChrysocollaCuO(c)

Cu2O(c)

CuCl(c)

A) B) C)

-20

-15

-10

-5

0

5

10

2 3 4 5 6 7

pH

SaturationI

ndex

(SI)

si_atacamite

si_chrysocolla

si_atacamite

si_kaolinite

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CHUQUICAMATA DEPOSITEEXOTICA DEPOSITE

LEACHED ZONE

OXIDATION ZONE

ENRICHED ZONE

MINERALIZED BEDROCK

MINERALIZED GRAVEL

BARREN GRAVEL

6 km 4.5 km

PRIMARY ZONE