EXOTIC COMPACT OBJECTS IN A DISSIPATIVE DARK SECTOR · 2019. 8. 7. · EXOTIC COMPACT OBJECTS IN A...
Transcript of EXOTIC COMPACT OBJECTS IN A DISSIPATIVE DARK SECTOR · 2019. 8. 7. · EXOTIC COMPACT OBJECTS IN A...
![Page 1: EXOTIC COMPACT OBJECTS IN A DISSIPATIVE DARK SECTOR · 2019. 8. 7. · EXOTIC COMPACT OBJECTS IN A DISSIPATIVE DARK SECTOR Jae Hyeok Chang C.N. Yang Institute for Theoretical Physics,](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022070108/6041c5729b550d61623485b0/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
EXOTIC COMPACT OBJECTS IN A DISSIPATIVE DARK SECTOR
Jae Hyeok ChangC.N. Yang Institute for Theoretical Physics, Stony Brook
ArXiv:1812.07000Collaboration with D. Egana-Ugrinovic, R. Essig and C. Kouvaris
07/29/2019 DPF 2019
![Page 2: EXOTIC COMPACT OBJECTS IN A DISSIPATIVE DARK SECTOR · 2019. 8. 7. · EXOTIC COMPACT OBJECTS IN A DISSIPATIVE DARK SECTOR Jae Hyeok Chang C.N. Yang Institute for Theoretical Physics,](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022070108/6041c5729b550d61623485b0/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Can we learn about the particle nature of DS if it interacts with SM sector only gravitationally?
Q:
![Page 3: EXOTIC COMPACT OBJECTS IN A DISSIPATIVE DARK SECTOR · 2019. 8. 7. · EXOTIC COMPACT OBJECTS IN A DISSIPATIVE DARK SECTOR Jae Hyeok Chang C.N. Yang Institute for Theoretical Physics,](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022070108/6041c5729b550d61623485b0/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Yes !If it forms compact objects
A:
� Called exotic compact objects (ECO)
� Can be found by high-precision observatories (GW or weak lensing)
� Properties of compact objects are determined by particle nature of DS
![Page 4: EXOTIC COMPACT OBJECTS IN A DISSIPATIVE DARK SECTOR · 2019. 8. 7. · EXOTIC COMPACT OBJECTS IN A DISSIPATIVE DARK SECTOR Jae Hyeok Chang C.N. Yang Institute for Theoretical Physics,](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022070108/6041c5729b550d61623485b0/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Using a simple DS model, find properties of the exotic compact objects according to model parameters
Goal:
![Page 5: EXOTIC COMPACT OBJECTS IN A DISSIPATIVE DARK SECTOR · 2019. 8. 7. · EXOTIC COMPACT OBJECTS IN A DISSIPATIVE DARK SECTOR Jae Hyeok Chang C.N. Yang Institute for Theoretical Physics,](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022070108/6041c5729b550d61623485b0/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
A SIMPLE DARK SECTOR MODEL FOR ECO FORMATION
![Page 6: EXOTIC COMPACT OBJECTS IN A DISSIPATIVE DARK SECTOR · 2019. 8. 7. · EXOTIC COMPACT OBJECTS IN A DISSIPATIVE DARK SECTOR Jae Hyeok Chang C.N. Yang Institute for Theoretical Physics,](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022070108/6041c5729b550d61623485b0/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Conditions for the Model� Self-Interaction◦ Otherwise behaves like CDM◦ Sub-dominant (We assume 1% of total DM)
� No annihilation◦ For stable final objects◦ Ex) Asymmetry, Bound states, …
� Cooling process◦ Necessary for “fragmentation”
![Page 7: EXOTIC COMPACT OBJECTS IN A DISSIPATIVE DARK SECTOR · 2019. 8. 7. · EXOTIC COMPACT OBJECTS IN A DISSIPATIVE DARK SECTOR Jae Hyeok Chang C.N. Yang Institute for Theoretical Physics,](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022070108/6041c5729b550d61623485b0/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Baryons are too complicated!
� They form bound states, a lot of cooling processes…
� Hard to handle analytically
� As a starting point, we consider a DS model as simple as possible
![Page 8: EXOTIC COMPACT OBJECTS IN A DISSIPATIVE DARK SECTOR · 2019. 8. 7. · EXOTIC COMPACT OBJECTS IN A DISSIPATIVE DARK SECTOR Jae Hyeok Chang C.N. Yang Institute for Theoretical Physics,](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022070108/6041c5729b550d61623485b0/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
The Simplified Model in this Work
� Contains only two particles◦ Dark electron 𝑒"# : Compose matter◦ Dark photon 𝛾" : Mediate interactions
� Has charge asymmetry◦ Negligible dark positron◦ Not simple in terms of model building, but simple to
handle astrophysical phenomenon
![Page 9: EXOTIC COMPACT OBJECTS IN A DISSIPATIVE DARK SECTOR · 2019. 8. 7. · EXOTIC COMPACT OBJECTS IN A DISSIPATIVE DARK SECTOR Jae Hyeok Chang C.N. Yang Institute for Theoretical Physics,](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022070108/6041c5729b550d61623485b0/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Interactions in the Model
Self Interaction Bremsstrahlung cooling
Satisfies all the conditions
![Page 10: EXOTIC COMPACT OBJECTS IN A DISSIPATIVE DARK SECTOR · 2019. 8. 7. · EXOTIC COMPACT OBJECTS IN A DISSIPATIVE DARK SECTOR Jae Hyeok Chang C.N. Yang Institute for Theoretical Physics,](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022070108/6041c5729b550d61623485b0/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Advantages of the Model
� There are no bound-states
� Only one cooling process
� Only three model parameters: 𝑚&',𝑚)', 𝛼"
![Page 11: EXOTIC COMPACT OBJECTS IN A DISSIPATIVE DARK SECTOR · 2019. 8. 7. · EXOTIC COMPACT OBJECTS IN A DISSIPATIVE DARK SECTOR Jae Hyeok Chang C.N. Yang Institute for Theoretical Physics,](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022070108/6041c5729b550d61623485b0/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
SCHEMATIC OFCOMPACT OBJECT FORMATION
![Page 12: EXOTIC COMPACT OBJECTS IN A DISSIPATIVE DARK SECTOR · 2019. 8. 7. · EXOTIC COMPACT OBJECTS IN A DISSIPATIVE DARK SECTOR Jae Hyeok Chang C.N. Yang Institute for Theoretical Physics,](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022070108/6041c5729b550d61623485b0/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
� In early Universe, there are overdensities and underdensities
� Described by primordial power spectrum
![Page 13: EXOTIC COMPACT OBJECTS IN A DISSIPATIVE DARK SECTOR · 2019. 8. 7. · EXOTIC COMPACT OBJECTS IN A DISSIPATIVE DARK SECTOR Jae Hyeok Chang C.N. Yang Institute for Theoretical Physics,](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022070108/6041c5729b550d61623485b0/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
� Perturbationgrows with time
� Can be analyzedwith linear theory
� Enters non-linearregime at somepoint
![Page 14: EXOTIC COMPACT OBJECTS IN A DISSIPATIVE DARK SECTOR · 2019. 8. 7. · EXOTIC COMPACT OBJECTS IN A DISSIPATIVE DARK SECTOR Jae Hyeok Chang C.N. Yang Institute for Theoretical Physics,](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022070108/6041c5729b550d61623485b0/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Jeans Mass 𝑀,� Maximum mass of gas that pressure can
support
� If 𝑀 > 𝑀,, a mass clump collapses
�𝑀, =/0𝑐23
/4
3/6 78
7/6
� 𝑐2 depends on particle nature
![Page 15: EXOTIC COMPACT OBJECTS IN A DISSIPATIVE DARK SECTOR · 2019. 8. 7. · EXOTIC COMPACT OBJECTS IN A DISSIPATIVE DARK SECTOR Jae Hyeok Chang C.N. Yang Institute for Theoretical Physics,](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022070108/6041c5729b550d61623485b0/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
� A big mass perturbation from linear growth
� Suppose 𝑀 > 𝑀,
Schematic of Non-linear Regime
![Page 16: EXOTIC COMPACT OBJECTS IN A DISSIPATIVE DARK SECTOR · 2019. 8. 7. · EXOTIC COMPACT OBJECTS IN A DISSIPATIVE DARK SECTOR Jae Hyeok Chang C.N. Yang Institute for Theoretical Physics,](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022070108/6041c5729b550d61623485b0/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
① Adiabatic Collapse
� Temperature increases
�𝑀, increases
![Page 17: EXOTIC COMPACT OBJECTS IN A DISSIPATIVE DARK SECTOR · 2019. 8. 7. · EXOTIC COMPACT OBJECTS IN A DISSIPATIVE DARK SECTOR Jae Hyeok Chang C.N. Yang Institute for Theoretical Physics,](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022070108/6041c5729b550d61623485b0/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
① Adiabatic Collapse
� Adiabatic collapse stops at 𝑀, = 𝑀
� The mass perturbation is virialized
![Page 18: EXOTIC COMPACT OBJECTS IN A DISSIPATIVE DARK SECTOR · 2019. 8. 7. · EXOTIC COMPACT OBJECTS IN A DISSIPATIVE DARK SECTOR Jae Hyeok Chang C.N. Yang Institute for Theoretical Physics,](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022070108/6041c5729b550d61623485b0/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
② Virialized Collapse
� If there’s cooling, it keeps collapsing
� Cooling is slower than collapse, temperature increases
![Page 19: EXOTIC COMPACT OBJECTS IN A DISSIPATIVE DARK SECTOR · 2019. 8. 7. · EXOTIC COMPACT OBJECTS IN A DISSIPATIVE DARK SECTOR Jae Hyeok Chang C.N. Yang Institute for Theoretical Physics,](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022070108/6041c5729b550d61623485b0/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
③ Fragmentation
� Cooling becomes important as number density increases
� Temperature and 𝑀, decrease
![Page 20: EXOTIC COMPACT OBJECTS IN A DISSIPATIVE DARK SECTOR · 2019. 8. 7. · EXOTIC COMPACT OBJECTS IN A DISSIPATIVE DARK SECTOR Jae Hyeok Chang C.N. Yang Institute for Theoretical Physics,](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022070108/6041c5729b550d61623485b0/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
④ Compact Objects Formation
� Cooling stops as optical depth becomes large
� Fragmentation stops
![Page 21: EXOTIC COMPACT OBJECTS IN A DISSIPATIVE DARK SECTOR · 2019. 8. 7. · EXOTIC COMPACT OBJECTS IN A DISSIPATIVE DARK SECTOR Jae Hyeok Chang C.N. Yang Institute for Theoretical Physics,](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022070108/6041c5729b550d61623485b0/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS
![Page 22: EXOTIC COMPACT OBJECTS IN A DISSIPATIVE DARK SECTOR · 2019. 8. 7. · EXOTIC COMPACT OBJECTS IN A DISSIPATIVE DARK SECTOR Jae Hyeok Chang C.N. Yang Institute for Theoretical Physics,](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022070108/6041c5729b550d61623485b0/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Master Equation
𝑑𝐸 = −𝑃𝑑𝑉 − Λ𝑑𝑡
𝑑 log 𝑇𝑑 log 𝜌
=23𝑚𝜌𝑃𝑇− 2
𝑡KLMMNOPQ𝑡KLLMRST
� Mass perturbation is parameterized with 𝜌 and 𝑇
Λ is cooling rate
![Page 23: EXOTIC COMPACT OBJECTS IN A DISSIPATIVE DARK SECTOR · 2019. 8. 7. · EXOTIC COMPACT OBJECTS IN A DISSIPATIVE DARK SECTOR Jae Hyeok Chang C.N. Yang Institute for Theoretical Physics,](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022070108/6041c5729b550d61623485b0/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Evolution Trajectory (𝑀 = 107W𝑀⊙)
①
②
③
④
![Page 24: EXOTIC COMPACT OBJECTS IN A DISSIPATIVE DARK SECTOR · 2019. 8. 7. · EXOTIC COMPACT OBJECTS IN A DISSIPATIVE DARK SECTOR Jae Hyeok Chang C.N. Yang Institute for Theoretical Physics,](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022070108/6041c5729b550d61623485b0/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Results According to Model Parameters
� Black lines : Minimum 𝑀, in 𝑀⊙ after fragmentation
� Blue lines : Corresponding compactness (𝐶 = 𝐺𝑀/𝑅)
��� ��� ��� ��� ��� ��� �����-�
��-�
��-�
���
���
���
���
���
���
��
��-�
��-�
��-�
��-�
��-�
�������
������
��������
����
��� ��� ��� ��� ��� �����-�
��-�
��-�
���
���
���
���
���
���
��
��-�
��-�
��-�
��-�
��-�
��-�
�
������
������
��������
![Page 25: EXOTIC COMPACT OBJECTS IN A DISSIPATIVE DARK SECTOR · 2019. 8. 7. · EXOTIC COMPACT OBJECTS IN A DISSIPATIVE DARK SECTOR Jae Hyeok Chang C.N. Yang Institute for Theoretical Physics,](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022070108/6041c5729b550d61623485b0/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Conclusion
� We described the complete history of structure formation of a simple dissipative dark sector model.
� We provided a map between astronomical properties and particle physics parameters.
![Page 26: EXOTIC COMPACT OBJECTS IN A DISSIPATIVE DARK SECTOR · 2019. 8. 7. · EXOTIC COMPACT OBJECTS IN A DISSIPATIVE DARK SECTOR Jae Hyeok Chang C.N. Yang Institute for Theoretical Physics,](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022070108/6041c5729b550d61623485b0/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Conclusion
� A wide range of opportunities lies ahead,◦ What is the behavior of more complicated dark
sector models?◦ What are the astronomical signatures of such
models? ◦ Numerical simulations?
� Lots of progress to make from the theory side, even if DM interacts with us only gravitationally
![Page 27: EXOTIC COMPACT OBJECTS IN A DISSIPATIVE DARK SECTOR · 2019. 8. 7. · EXOTIC COMPACT OBJECTS IN A DISSIPATIVE DARK SECTOR Jae Hyeok Chang C.N. Yang Institute for Theoretical Physics,](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022070108/6041c5729b550d61623485b0/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
THANK YOU