Exit seminar mubbashar iftikhar

Nutrient utilization, nitrogen balance and weight gain as affected by different levels of dietary non-structural

carbohydrates in lambs

Mubbashar Iftikhar2006-ag-1027

M.Sc. (Hons.) Animal Nutrition

Introduction

• Sheep population is 28.4 millions• Overall meat production is 3,232 tons• Beef production is 1,769 tons

(Economic Survey of Pakistan 2011-12)

• This share can be increase by supplying adequate nutrients

Current Scenario

• Provision of poor quality feed stuffs • low concentration of valuable nutrients• High fiber fractions decreased digestibility of

nutrients • Inadequate availability,• Irregular supply • High cost of carbohydrate energy sources

Possible solution

• Provide judicious feed stuffs• Adequate concentration of valuable nutrients• Adequate availability• Regular supply• Adequate levels of non structural

carbohydrates (NSC) and structural carbohydrates affect the productive performance of the animals

Structural Carbohydrates

• These carbohydrates form an essential dietary "fibre" component of all grazing ruminant animals

• Less digestible than the non structural carbohydrates

• These include, CelluloseHemicellulosesPectins and b-glucans

Non structural carbohydrates

• Non structural carbohydrates are easily digested by ruminants

• Highly fermentable• Non structural carbohydrates include,StarchSimple sugars(e.g., glucose, fructose, sucrose

etc)Fructosans

Structural and non structural carbohydrates

Objective

The objective of the present study was to examine the response of altering concentrations of NSC on,

• Nutrients intake (DM, CP, NDF and ADF)• Nutrient digestibilities (DM, CP, NDF and ADF)• Nitrogen balance and blood urea nitrogen• Weight gain

Materials and MethodsExperimental Animals 20 lambs(5/pen)

Treatments 04 Diet allocation Random Trial duration 3 month Statistical design RCBD Four diets were formulated as, NSC contents (%) Denoted as

25 LNSC30 MNSC35 HNSC40 VHNSC

Ingredient composition of experimental diets

10

IngredientsExperimental Diets

25NSC 30NSC 35NSC 40NSCWheat straw 30 25 20 15

Corn 15 20 25 30

Sun flower meal 17 10 10 9Canola Meal 17 15 15 15

Urea 1 1 1 1Rice Polish 0 0 2 3

Wheat bran 12 15.5 12 10Corn gluten 30% 0 4 4 4Corn gluten 60% 5 5 5 5

Molasses 0 1.5 3 5DCP 1 1 1 1

Na-bicarbonate 1 1 1 1Mineral Premix 1 1 1 1

Total 100 100 100 100

Chemical composition of experimental diets

IngredientsExperimental Diets

25NSC 30NSC 35 NSC 40NSC

Crude Protein (%)

18.5 18.5 18.5 18.5

ME (Mcal/Kg) 2.1 2.16 2.14 2.11

NDF (%) 40.34 35.68 31.02 26.59

ADF (%) 25.77 21.84 18.94 16.08

Lignin 6.36 5.28 4.78 4.23

NSC 24.71 30.23 34.79 40.31

11

Results

Effect of different dietary non-structural carbohydrate concentrations on nutrients intake in growing lambs

ItemsExperimental Diets

SE25NSC 30NSC 35NSC 40NSC

DM intake875b 1032a 912ab 845b 35.67

CP intake159.16b 188.13a 166.0ab 153.79b 7.36

NDF intake340.11ab 352.43a 275.97b 212.6c 17.32

ADF intake211.13ab 226.0a 165.25b 137.98c 9.75

13Means in the same rows bearing different letters were significantly different (P<0.05)

Effect of different dietary non-structural carbohydrate concentrations on nutrients

intake in growing lambs

25NSC 30NSC 35NSC 40NSC0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

DM intakeCP IntakeNDF IntakeADF intake

Treatment %

Inta

ke (g

)

Effect of different dietary non-structural carbohydrate concentrations on nutrients digestibility in growing lambs

Items

%

Experimental DietsSE

25NSC 30NSC 35NSC 40NSC

Dry matter63.91c 69.32a 66.17ab 67.19b 1.13

Crude Protein

66.41c 71.09a 68.75ab 67.65b 1.07

NDF47.32c 58.36a 55.42ab 52.32b 3.21

ADF44.23 45.12 44.21 43.98 0.97


Effect of different dietary non-structural carbohydrate concentrations on nutrients

digestibility in growing lambs


102030405060708090

100

DM CP NDFADF

Treatment %

Nut

rien

ts d

iges

tibili

ty (%

)

Effect of different dietary non-structural carbohydrate concentrations on nitrogen balance in growing lambs



Nutrients intake, g/dIntake g/d 25.46c 30.1a 26.56ab 24.61b 1.97Fecal, g/d 8.69 8.7 8.3 7.96 1.02Fecal nitrogen, %age of intake

34.13a 28.90b 31.25b 32.34b 2.96

Apparent Absorption g/d

16.77b 21.4a 18.26ab 16.65b 2.32

Urinary, g/d 4.76 3.75 4.3c 3.5b 0.17Balance g/d 12.01c 17.65a 13.96b 13.15bc 1.34


Effect of different dietary non-structural carbohydrate concentrations on nitrogen

balance in growing lambs


101214161820

Nitrogen balance

Nitrogen balance

Treatment %

Nitr

ogen

Bal

ance

Effect of different dietary non-structural carbohydrate concentrations on blood urea nitrogen in growing lambs



……… 4hr………………

BUN2, mg/dL

23.12a 20.31b 19.87b 19.18b 2.17

……… 8hr………………

BUN2, mg/dL

19.32 17.45 18.37 18.07 1.32

……… 12hr………………

BUN2, mg/dL

17.31 16.54 16.98 17.32 0.93


Effect of different dietary non-structural carbohydrate concentrations on weight gain in growing lambs

Items

Experimental Diets


Feed Intake, g/d

875b 1032a 912ab 845b 35.42

Weight gain, g/d

139c 189a 150b 145bc 4.37

Feed conversion ratio

6.29a 5.46c 6.08b 5.83bc 0.21


Non-structural carbohydrate concentrations and weight gain in growing

lambs


20406080

100120140160180200

Weight gain

Weight gain

Treatment %

Wei

ght g

ain

(g/d

)

Conclusion

• Findings of the present study imply that lambs fed 30 % NSC diet consumed more feed, digested nutrients with better efficiency and gained more weight compare to 25, 35, 40 % NSC

Exit seminar mubbashar iftikhar

Education

Transcript of Exit seminar mubbashar iftikhar