ExIS presentation @Grimm seminarium 2013-05-30 · PDF fileExIS presentation @Grimm seminarium...
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ExIS presentation
@Grimm seminarium 2013-05-30
Peter Ahlvik
Översikt
ExIS och våra partners
Överblick av instrumenttyper och ExIS utbud
Arbetsmiljö (Sverige), lagkrav
Några exempel
2013-05-30 Grimm Seminar 2
ExIS AB Exhaust Instruments Scandinavia
ExIS AB is a Swedish-based
company that offers equipment
for particle measurements and
measurement and consultant
services on the Scandinavian
market
2013-05-30 Grimm Seminar 3
ExIS AB – who are we?
Privately owned independent company located
in Stockholm, Sweden
Distributor of instrument/equipment from:
Control Sistem, Dekati, Ecomesure, Grimm
Aerosol, Matter Engineering, Pegasor and
Topas
Measurements and consultation services
Markets: Sweden/Scandinavia/Nordic countries
2013-05-30 Grimm Seminar 4
Partners and network 1(2) Instrument and equipment suppliers
Control Sistem – CVS (full, mini, micro), driving robot
Dekati Ltd., Finland – Particle instruments & dilution
Ecomesure, France – Distributor, PMP instrument
Grimm Aerosol, Germany – Particle instruments
Matter Aerosol, Switzerland – Dilution and particle instruments
Pegasor – Particle sensor (automotive, stack, air qual.)
Topas, Germany – Aerosol generators, filter testing
2013-05-30 Grimm Seminar 5
Instrument overview
To provide some perspective on sizes…
…adapted from Grimm presentation
1 Nanometer 1 Meter
2013-05-30 Grimm Seminar 7
Concentration Range of a Grimm CPC: 0 – 107 Particles / cm3
Typical Concentration of Nanoparticles
Essentially no detection limit (for particles > 5 nm)
But you may have to dilute
Location
Concentration
[Particles / cm3]
Indoor Air (without smokers): 5,000 – 15,000
Indoor Air (with smokers or vacuum cleaner): 15,000 – 80,000
Polluted workplace: 80,000 – 150,000
Exhaust of an Diesel Engine: ~ 1010
2013-05-30 Grimm Seminar 8
Some types of instruments
Gravimetric impactors
SMPS type of instruments (DMA+CPC/FCE)
Electric mobility classification with electrometer detection (EEPS/DMS/FAPES)
Optical particle counters
Electric low pressure impactor (ELPI+)
Charging and electrical detection with very high time resolution (e.g. Pegasor sensor)
Effective surface area (charging)
2013-05-30 Grimm Seminar 9
Time and size resolution for various instrument types
1.E+00
1.E+01
1.E+02
1.E+03
1.E+04
1.E+05
0.01 0.1 1 10 100
Parti
cle
siz
e (n
m)
With
Nanocheck
Gra
vim
etri
c im
pac
tors
SM
PS
in
stru
men
ts
EL
PI+
Ele
ctri
cal
low
pre
ssu
re
imp
acto
r
EE
PS
/DM
S/F
AP
ES
inst
rum
ents
Op
tica
l p
arti
cle
cou
nte
rs
Time resolution (Hz)
Peg
aso
r M
-sen
sor
2013-05-30 Grimm Seminar 10
SMPS instruments
TSI SMPS
Grimm SMPS+C Grimm SMPS+E
2013-05-30 Grimm Seminar 11
Optical particle counters
Grimm OPC
e.g. #1.109
Topas
e.g. LAP321
2013-05-30 Grimm Seminar 12
Impactors – gravimetric and electrical low pressure impactor (ELPI)
Gravimetric impactors
Electrical low pressure impactor
2013-05-30 Grimm Seminar 13
© 2010 Topas GmbH
Hospital validation
A surgery room as a clean room facility
DIN 1946 – 4: German Standard
Ventilation and air conditioning - Part 4:
Ventilation in buildings and rooms of
health care, 12/2008
similar european and international standards
and guidelines (SWKI 99-3, GOST R 52539-2006)
validation of air ventilation systems in hospitals
increased health risks at hospital operations from particulate contaminations
validation of the efficiency of low-turbulence
displacement flow unit installed above the operating table
verification of the particle number which is able to enter the critical protective area
© 2010 Topas GmbH
Hospital validation
A surgery room as a clean room facility
HS-Luftfilterbau GmbH
© 2010 Topas GmbH
Hospital validation
validation measurements according to DIN 1946-4
definition and determination of a protection factor
simulation of external and internal particle penetration
Reference surgery room: 10m², 0,3m/s laminar air flow
particle source particle measurement
© 2010 Topas GmbH
Hospital validation
general requirements
high primary air flow rate
homogeneous distribution to six aerosol ejector positions
reliable particle production rate, monitored continuously by a particle counter
required test equipment
aerosol generator
particle counter
aerosol distribution system
aerosol dilution system for monitoring
particle production rate
validation measurements according to DIN 1946-4
© 2010 Topas GmbH
Hospital validation
atomizer aerosol generator
adjustable particle production rate
designed for mobile use
designed for clean room applications
Aerosol Generator ATM 226
Particle Counter LAP 340
required test equipment
clean room particle counter
PC interface
designed for mobile use
Air flow rate 0 ... 300 l/h
DEHS mass flow 0 … 2.5 g/h
Particle output > 108 P/cm³
Reservoir for test liquid 80 ml
Maximum counter pressure 0.2 bar
Flow rate 1 cfm / 28,3 lpm
Measuring range 0,3 … 10 µm
Size channels 16
Max. concentration 35 P/cm³
Measuring time 1 s … 99 h
Measuring modes single, continuous
© 2010 Topas GmbH
Hospital validation
Aerosol Distribution and Dilution System ADD 536
required test equipment
homogeneous aerosol distribution
continuous monitoring of the particle production rate
designed for mobile use
dilution ratio adjustable to the particle counter Default setting: 1:100.000
flow rate particle counter
up to 28,3 l/min
flow rate aerosol generator
up to 5 l/min
filtered air flow
> 1 0 0 l/min
aerosol outlet 6 Stück, Ø 65mm
tubing to the outlet
6 x 4m
power supply 230 V AC , 100 W
dimensions ( B x T x H )
250 x 340 x 330 mm
weight 8,5 kg
© 2010 Topas GmbH
Hospital validation
placing and connecting the instruments
placing the aerosol outlets
starting up the instruments
setting up the reference particle production
rate at the aerosol generator
particle measurement at 3 positions
within the protective area
determination of the protection factor
test procedure
(1) aerosol generator
(2) aerosol distribution and dilution system
(3) aerosol outlet
(4) particle measurement
© Dekati Ltd.
Impactor
• Aerodynamic diameter
• Gas velocity and dimensions different in different stages
Collection plate
Flow
Nozzle Diameter Dj
Jet to plate distance
Jet velocity U
© Dekati Ltd.
Cascade Impactor - example
Stage 3: >10 µm
Stage 1: >1.0 µm
Stage 2: >2.5 µm
Collection substrates
Collection plate
Flow
Nozzle Diameter Dj
Jet to plate distance
Jet velocity U
ELPI+TM Operating Principle
© Dekati Ltd.
HV
Grimm Seminar
ELPITM applications
• Automotive testing and research
• Combustion research
• Blow-by gas
• Brake wear debris
• Pharmaceutical studies
• Outdoor air quality measurements
• Indoor air
• Welding fumes
• …
Grimm Seminar
Indoor air measurements with ELPITM
Grimm Seminar
Welding fume measurements with ELPITM (I)
Grimm Seminar
-1.0E+06
-8.0E+05
-6.0E+05
-4.0E+05
-2.0E+05
0.0E+00
2.0E+05
4.0E+05
6.0E+05
8.0E+05
1.0E+06
11:00 11:15 11:30 11:45 12:00 12:15 12:30
Cn, #/c
m3
0.00
0.04
0.08
0.12
0.16
0.20
0.24
0.28
0.32
0.36
0.40
NM
D, um
Number
NMD
BACKGROUND
FUME
-1.5
-1.0
-0.5
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
11:00 11:15 11:30 11:45 12:00 12:15 12:30
Cm
, m
g/m
3
0.0
0.4
0.8
1.2
1.6
2.0
2.4
NM
D,
um
Mass
MMD
Welding fumes
• Variable concentration/size (1E4 – 1E6#/cm3)
• MMD 300-600nm
• Short time-scale measurement
Grimm Seminar
Welding
• 10lpm ELPITM with
filter stage
• Al – foils with grease
• Pump + hose set
• Diluter if needed
Time 11:53 - 11:56
0.0E+00
1.0E+05
2.0E+05
3.0E+05
4.0E+05
5.0E+05
0.01 0.1 1 10
Dp/umdN
/dlo
gD
p [
#/c
m³]
Time 11:53 - 11:56
0.0E+00
2.0E+04
4.0E+04
6.0E+04
8.0E+04
1.0E+05
0.01 0.1 1 10
Dp/um
dN
/dlo
gD
p [
#/c
m³]
Time 11:53 - 11:56
0.0
0.4
0.8
1.2
0.01 0.1 1 10Dp/um
dm
/dlo
gD
p [
mg/m
³]Time 11:53 - 11:56
0.0
0.4
0.8
0.01 0.1 1 10Dp/um
dm
/dlo
gD
p [
mg/m
³]
Fume Background
Fast electric mobility instruments
TSI EEPS/FMPS
Grimm FAPES
Cambustion DMS-500
2013-05-30 Grimm Seminar 37
38 - Jürgen Spielvogel - EXIS – 2. 9. 2009
High Concentration Particle Counter Series
FAPES = 12 x (FCE + DMA) + Software = ultrafast absolute reference
• transient measurements with 25 channels
updated every 200 milliseconds
• virtually no internal contamination
• insensitive to pressure changes (e.g. as
observed during acceleration drive cycles)
• unmatched in sensitivity and flexibility
by any other commercial instrument
Fast Acceleration: Diesel engine
0-120 km/h in 20 s. 1.9 l, (EURO3)
Fast Acceleration: Gasoline fueled
0-120 km/h in 30 s. engine, 3.5 l
PPS-M Operation Parameters
Inlet flow 6 LPM
Outlet flow 17,7 LPM
Ionizing and sheath air
11,7 LPM @1.5 bar overpressure
6/10/2013 39 Pegasor Technical Marketing Presentation
PPS-M Operation Principle
clean air
corona discharge
pump flow trap
out sample in
ejector throat
+ ion
soot
+
6/10/2013 40 Pegasor Technical Marketing Presentation
Time Response of PPS vs. MSS on
Engine Torque
Use of slow averaging instruments make conclusions difficult and often wrong
0
100
200
300
400
1040 1060 1080 1100 1120 1140 1160 1180 1200 1220 1240time [s]
PP
S-M
, M/1
0
0
10
20
30
40
MSS
[m
g/m
³]
PPS-M [mV]
M/10 [Nm]
MSS [mg/m³]
0
100
200
300
400
1080 1100 1120 1140time [s]
PP
S-M
, M/1
0
0
10
20
30
40
MSS
[m
g/m
³]
PPS-M [mV]
M/10 [Nm]
MSS [mg/m³]
6/10/2013 41 Pegasor Technical Marketing Presentation
DiSC
Average Particle Size
Particle Count
Active Surface/LDSA
DiSC
Battery life 8 hrs
Measures 10 to 300 nm
Suited for field studies
No technical experience
necessary
Arbetsmiljö
alveolisk
inhalerbar
torakal
Procent av totalmängden partiklar enligt SS-EN 481 standarden
Aerodynamisk partikeldiameter [mm]
Pro
cent
av t
ota
lam
ängden
par
tikla
r [%
]
2013-05-30 Grimm Seminar 46
Förklaringar
Inhalerbar fraktion:
Den mängd partiklar, av totalmängden partiklar i luften,
som inandas genom näsa och mun.
Torakal fraktion:
Den del av de inhalerbara partiklarna som passerar
struphuvudet.
Respirabel fraktion:
Den del av de inhalerbara partiklarna som når längst ner
i luftvägarna till alveolerna i lungorna.
2013-05-30 Grimm Seminar 47
Definitioner, AFS 2011:18 (2012-07-01)
Benämnning Förklaring
Luftförorening Ämne eller blandning av ämnen i luft som över en viss halt kan
medföra ohälsa
Hygieniskt
gränsvärde
Högsta godtagbara genomsnittshalt av en luftförorening i
inandningsluften beräknat som ett tidsvägt medelvärde. Ett
hygieniskt gränsvärde är antingen ett nivågränsvärde eller ett
takgränsvärde.
Nivågränsvärde Hygieniskt gränsvärde för exponering under en arbetsdag, normalt 8
timmar.
Takgränsvärde Hygieniskt gränsvärde för exponering under en referensperiod av 15
minuter. För ammoniak, monoisocyanater och diisocyanater gäller
referensperioden 5 minuter.
Korttidsvärde Ett rekommenderat högsta värde för exponering beräknat som ett
tidsvägt medelvärde under en referensperiod av 15 minuter.
Korttidsvärden är rekommenderade värden som tjänar som riktlinjer i
skyddsarbetet och används vid bedömning av
exponeringsförhållanden.
2013-05-30 Grimm Seminar 48
Gränsvärdeslistan, AFS 2011:18
Typ av Luftförorening Enhet
Gaser, ångor mg/m3; ppm (ml/m3, cm3/m3)
Damm, rök, dimma, aerosol mg/m3
Enzymer glycinenheter/m3
Fibrer fibrer/cm3
Radon Bq/m3
2013-05-30 Grimm Seminar 49
Gränsvärden, några exempel AFS 2011:18
Ämne
År
Nivågränsvärde
(mg/m3)
Damm, organiskt
- inhalerbart damm
- respirabelt damm
2005
1974
10
5
Damm och dimma, organiskt
-totaldamm
1974
5
Damm, bomull (råbomull)
- totaldamm
1974
0,5
Damm, grafit
-totaldamm
2000
5
Damm, härdplast
- totaldamm
1978
3
Damm, kol inkl. kimrök
- totaldamm
1978
3
Damm, mjöl
- inhalerbart damm
2000
3
2013-05-30 Grimm Seminar 50
Rökpartiklar, exv. svetsning
Rökpartiklar, från till exempel svetsning, är i regel av storleksordningen < 1 μm, vilket innebär att dessa till största delen består av respirabla partiklar. Det innebär att alla rökpartiklar kan betraktas som respirabla. Därför behöver man inte använda provtagare med föravskiljare vid provtagning då enbart rök föreligger.
2013-05-30 Grimm Seminar 51
Metallrök vid exv. svetsning
Metallrök bildas i regel genom kondensation och eventuell oxidation av metallånga. Vanligtvis utför svetsaren även slipning eller slaggning varför även det luftburna dammet i en svetsares andningszon kan bestå av en hög andel icke-respirabelt damm.
2013-05-30 Grimm Seminar 52
This concludes my presentation
Thank you for your attention
More information available at:
www.exisab.com
2013-05-30 Grimm Seminar 53