Personal Pronouns

We use personal pronouns to replace previously mentioned nouns, and we can use them to talk about ourselves and other people. Personal pronouns can be subjects or objects in a sentence.

ExampleI have a girlfriend. She is very nice and I love her very much. I also have a guitar and I'd like to play a song on it for her right now: Although it is raining, you make me feel so good.Yeah, yeah!Girl, we are the perfect couple.Do you love me as much as I love you?Yeah, yeah!

Personal pronouns in the third person replace a previously mentioned noun.Example: I have a girlfriend. She is very nice and I love her very much.

To avoid misunderstandings, it should always be clear which noun we are replacing (in case of doubt, it’s better just to repeat the noun).

The pronoun it can also be used in impersonal constructions. Example: It’s raining. Personal pronouns in the first person are used when we’re talking about ourselves.

Example: I have a girlfriend. We are the perfect couple.

When we’re addressing other people, we use the personal pronoun in the second person.Example: Do you love me as much as I love you?

Personal Pronoun as Subject or ObjectWith personal pronouns, we have to differentiate between subject-pronouns and object-pronouns.

singular plural

1st person 2nd person

3rd person 1st person 2nd person

3rd person

subject

I you he she it we you they

object me you him her it us you them

The subject of the sentence is normally the person or thing that is performing the action.Example: I’d like to play a song.

You make me feel so good. The object is the person or thing that is the direct recipient of the action, or with which the action is being

carried out. Object-pronouns sometimes come after a preposition (here: on, for).Example: I’d like to play a song on it for her right now.

Personal Pronouns – Exercises

Complete the sentences with the correct subject-pronouns.

1. ______________ want to cook dinner for my family tonight.0

2. Joe bumped into Hailey and Kylie in the mall today______________ asked them if

______________ wanted to go dancing tonight.

3. My brother and I love to play football. ______________ play five times a week.

4. Do______________ like to play football?

5. ______________ prefers to play basketball.

Replace the subject-pronouns with the correct object-pronouns.

1. The last piece of chocolate is for (you) ______________ .

2. These maths exercises are too difficult for (I) ______________ .

3. We are moving tomorrow. Can you help (we) ______________ ?

4. Sally’s favourite book is “Treasure Island.” Can you read it to (she) ______________ ?5. Today, Jim saw two elderly ladies struggling with their heavy shopping bags. So he went to help (they)

______________ .

Choose the correct personal pronoun. Decide if the sentence needs a subject-pronoun or an object-pronoun.

1. Josh likes to play football, so his parents gave ______________ a brand new football for his birthday.

2. Tim lives next door to Josh. Often ______________ play football together.

3. Charlotte loves her grandmother very much. She wants to visit ______________ tomorrow.

4. My family and I like to swim. In the summer ______________ go to the beach most weekends.

5. Last night I watched a scary film alone. It really scared ______________.

Possessive Pronouns

Possessive pronouns and determiners indicate possession or belonging.Example

My name is Polly and I am looking for my hat. My dad says there is one in the wardrobe, but it’s his, not mine. My mum also has a hat. Look! The dog is wearing hers.

We use a possessive determiner or pronoun instead of the nouns to which something belongs. We can find the possessive pronoun or determiner by asking the question “Whose?”

Example: I am Polly and I am looking for my hat. (Polly’s hat) - determiner This one is not mine. (Polly’s hat) - pronoun

Pronouns and DeterminersPossessive determiners accompany a noun (the thing being possessed), possessive pronouns replace it.

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me

us

her

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singular plural

1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person

determiner

my your his her its our your their

pronoun mine yours his hers its ours yours theirs

Determiners come before a noun.Example: I am looking for my hat.

My mum also has a hat. Pronouns are used alone, without a noun.

Example: My dad says there is one in the wardrobe, but it’s his, not mine. My mum also has a hat. Look! The dog is wearing hers.

Exercises - Possessive Pronouns and Determiners - Exercises

Replace the subject-pronouns with the correct possessive pronouns.1. I have lost (I) ______________ keys.2. Did you brush (you) ______________ teeth?3. Alex and Lucy like to ride (they) ______________ bikes.4. Claire is looking for (she) ______________ favourite top.5. We would like to sit at (we) ______________ usual table please.

Replace the subject pronoun with the correct independent possessive pronoun.1. Colin bought a new car yesterday. It’s (he) ______________ now.

2. It seems that we have the same jacket. Is this (I) ______________ ?

3. I parked my car right outside. Where did you park (you) ______________ ?

4. I can’t find Sue and Peter’s house. Which one is (they) ______________ ?

5. In the cinema: “We are looking for our seats. Are these (we) ______________ ?”

Choose the correct possessive pronoun. Decide if you need an independent or a dependent possessive pronoun.

1. This is ______________ brother Daniel.2. Steve has got a new computer. It’s______________ .

3. I haven’t seen Kate and David’s children for years. Which ones are ______________ ?4. My brother Stan and I like to play hide and seek. The cupboard under the stairs is ______________

favourite hiding place.

5. Lily’s dad often helps ______________ younger sister with ______________

homework. Today Lily asked him if he could help her with ______________

too.

mine

yours

theirs

ours

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Reflexive Pronouns

Reflexive pronouns refer to the subject. We use them in the sense of self or oneself.

ExampleLarry is a small boy, but he can already dress himself.In his room, there is a mirror. He hung it up himself, with a little help from his dad.Now he is looking at himself in the mirror and is very proud of himself.

In English, we mostly use reflexive pronouns when we want to express that someone did something alone (without anyone else’s help).

Example: Larry is a small boy, but he can already dress himself. In his room, there is a mirror. Larry has hung it up himself, with a little help from his dad.

We also use reflexive pronouns when the subject and the object are the same person.Example: Now he is looking at himself in the mirror and is very proud of himself.

The subject and object here are the same person. After all, he could have been looking at someone else and could be proud of someone else.

Example: He is looking at his dad and is very proud of him.

List of reflexive pronouns

singular plural

1st person

2nd person 3rd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person

myself yourself himself herself

itself ourselves yourselves themselves

In the singular, the reflexive pronoun is formed with -self, in the plural with -selves.Example: I can see myself in the mirror.

We can see ourselves in the mirror.In the second person, we have to indicate whether we're talking to one person or several people.

Example: You can be proud of yourself. (one person) You can be proud of yourselves. (several people)

In English, the reflexive pronouns are not used to indicate a reciprocal relationship. In this case, rather, we use each other.Example: We see each other. (not: We see ourselves.)

Exercises - Reflexive Pronouns – Exercises

Type in the correct reflexive pronoun.

1. I don’t need any help. I can do it ______________ .2. Edwin fixed his bike all by ______________ .3. Beth and Chris got a little lost one day on their way back from school. But they found the right way home

all by ______________ .4. Olivia got a very good mark on her English test. She was very pleased with ______________ .

5. We had to ask ______________ if this was the right thing to do.

myself

ourselves

Type in the correct reflexive pronoun.

1. The teacher said to the class: “I would like you to do the exercises ______________ .”

2. There’s no need to shut the garage gate. It does that all by ______________ .3. Catherine and Abby are sisters. Yesterday, they made their lunchboxes ______________ .4. Tim’s mum said to him: “I won’t help you to clean your room this time. You have to do it ______________

.”5. At the wedding reception, there was a buffet where we could just help ______________ .

Choose the correct reflexive pronoun.1. Mr. Jones said to his wife: “No need to call the plumber darling, I can fix the tap _____________

.”

2. When she was five years old, Mary taught ______________ to ride a bicycle.3. The teacher said to the class: “For the next five minutes, you are free to talk amongst ______________

. ”4. Because David and Simon studied a lot for their biology test tomorrow, they are feeling confident in

______________ .

5. The computer keeps turning ______________ off and I don’t know why!

Relative Pronouns

We use relative pronouns to introduce relative clauses. (see also Relative Clauses)

ExampleYesterday we were visited by a man who wanted to repair our washing machine.The man, who was in a hurry, did not notice that he had parked his car on a hill. So the car, which the man had parked without setting the handbrake, slowly rolled down the hill. Just before the crossroads, it was stopped by a traffic sign that stood on the street.The police tried to find out whose car it was. They did not know that it was our plumber to whom the car belonged.

Relative Pronouns

relative pronouns

usage example

who subject/object (people)

Yesterday we were visited by a man who wanted to repair our washing machine.The man, who was in a hurry, did not notice that he had parked his car on a hill.

which subject/object (not people) The car, which the man had parked without setting the handbrake, slowly rolled down the

yourselves

itself

yourself

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relative pronouns

usage example

hill.

whose possession (all) The plumber, whose car is in the garage now, is glad that nothing happened to anyone.

whom

object (people) especially in unnecessary relative clausesvery formal (in colloquial speech, who is preferred)

The police came and did not know that it was our plumber to whom the car belonged.

that subject/object (all) in necessary relative clauses(who/which are also possible)

Just before the crossroads, the car was stopped by a traffic sign that stood on the street.

Subject Pronoun or Object Pronoun?The relative pronouns who/which/that can replace a subject (in which case they are subject pronouns), or they can replace an object (in which case they are object pronouns). To figure out whether who/which/that is a subject pronoun or an object pronoun, we pay attention to the following:

If a verb comes after who/which/that, then the relative pronoun is a subject pronoun. Subject pronouns are always necessary.Example: a man who wanted to repair our washing machine

the man, who was in a hurry a traffic sign that stood on the street

If there is not a verb directly after who/which/that, but a noun or pronoun instead, then the relative pronoun is an object pronoun. In necessary relative clauses, the object pronoun can be left out. The English term for this usage is contact clause.Example: the car (which) the man had parked

It was our plumber (who) the car belonged to.

Exercises - Relative Pronouns - Exercises

Type in the correct relative pronoun.

1. The man ______________ came first in the 100-metre race broke the world record.

2. At the zoo, there is a parrot ______________ can talk to the people.

3. Do you know the woman ______________ son is a famous actor?

4. I really like the suit ______________ you bought for the wedding!

5. It was my brother ______________ I entrusted with looking after my baby.

Type in the correct relative pronoun.

1. Did you see the car ______________ was driving much too fast?

2. It was very sad to see the bird ______________ wing was broken.

3. Today, I saw the woman ______________ always helps grandma with her shopping.

4. Do you like the new plants ______________ I bought for the living room?

5. I was offered a job by the manager of the company, ______________ I met at the interview.

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Choose the correct relative pronoun.

1. Look at that dog ______________ is chasing its own tail!

2. Becky and Amy are two sisters ______________ faces look very much alike.

3. This is the newest phone ______________ you can buy in the shops.

4. Harriet Shaw was the name of the girl ____________ he wanted to give a valentine’s present to.

5. I need someone ______________ can fix my washing machine

Demonstrative Pronouns

Demonstratives are this/that (in the singular) and these/those (in the plural). We use demonstratives to indicate a particular thing or person.

ExampleGirl: I’d like to to buy a tennis racket. Mine broke this week and I have an important match this weekend. Why is this racket so much more expensive than those ones on the wall?Shop assistant: Those ones over there are for beginners. This one here has a better quality and is for advanced tennis players.Girl: I’ll take this one then. I had my first tennis lesson when I was five. That night I dreamt of being a famous tennis player, and I have been playing ever since.

We use this/that for nouns in the singular and these/those for nouns in the plural.Example: this tennis racket here – that tennis racket over there

these tennis rackets here – those tennis rackets over thereDemonstratives can be used for place or time.

PlaceIf demonstratives are referring to a place, we use this/these for something that is located closer to the speaker (here) and that/those for something that is located farther away from the speaker (there).

Example: Why is this racket so much more expensive than those ones on the wall?

TimeIf demonstratives are referring to a time, we use this/these for a time period that isn’t yet past (e.g. the week/month/year that we’re still in). Within this time period, however, the demonstrative pronoun can refer to something that has already happened, or something that hasn’t happened yet.

Example: My tennis racket broke this week. (already happened) I have an important tournament this weekend. (hasn’t happened yet)

The demonstratives that/those are used for a time period that is already past, or one that is further in the future (e.g. another week, another month in the past or the future).

Example: I had my first tennis lesson when I was five. That night I dreamt of being a famous tennis player.

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Demonstratives without NounsIf we want to use demonstratives without nouns, we usually have to replace the noun with the words one (singular) or ones (plural).Example: this/that racket → this/that one This one here has a better quality.

these/those rackets → these/those ones Those ones over there are for beginners.

Exercises - Demonstratives - Exercises

Choose the correct demonstrative pronoun.

1. I really like______________ restaurant!

2. I prefer ______________ glasses to ______________ ones over there.

3. ______________ chair is a lot more comfortable than ______________ one.

4. Would you rather have ______________ strawberries or ______________

peaches?

5. For the price of ______________ video game you can buy three of ______________

classic boardgames.

Choose the correct demonstrative pronoun.

1. I hope that ______________ summer will be nicer than ______________

weeks of rain we had last year.

2. ______________ boys over there challenged ______________ boys here to a football match.

3. I like ______________ film a lot more than ______________ one they showed last week.

4. You can’t compare ______________ football teams from the fifties and sixties

to______________ teams of today.

5. ______________ meal tastes so much better than ______________ one we had two weeks ago

Indefinite Pronouns

The indefinite pronouns include something/somebody, anything/anybody, everything/everybody and nothing/nobody. We use indefinite pronouns when we are generalising and not speaking about something concrete.

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ExampleI am lost. Nothing looks familiar. Everything looks different.There is nobody in the street. I would really like to ask someone. I am sure anyone could help me to get back to the city centre. But there isn’t anyone here I could ask. It seems that everyone has disappeared.I think I heard something. Is there anyone there? I would do anything to get back to the city centre.

Things or PeopleWhen we are referring to things, we use the indefinite pronouns that end in -thing.

Example: everything, something, anything, nothingFor people, we use the indefinite pronouns that end in -body or -one.

Example: everybody/everyone, somebody/someone, anybody/anyone, nobody/no one

Difference between every-, some-, any-, no-

indefinite pronoun usage example

everythingeverybody/everyone

every individual in a group, all together Everything looks different.It seems that everyone has disappeared.

somethingsomebody/someone

something/someone unspecified I would really like to ask someone.I think I heard something.

anythinganybody/anyone

one random person of a group, one random thing

I am sure anyone could help me to get back to the city centre.I would do anything to get back to the city centre.

in negative sentences, in the sense of nothing/nobody

But there isn’t anyone here I could ask.

in questions whether there is something/something

Is there anyone there?

nothingnobody/no one

nothing at all/nobody at all Nothing looks familiar.There is nobody in the street.

Nothing/nobody or anything/anybodyInstead of nothing/nobody/no one we can also use not anything/anybody/anyone.

Example: Nothing looks familiar. I don’t see anything that looks familiar.

There isn’t anyone here I could ask. There is nobody here I could ask.

Everything/everybody or anything/anybodyFor foreign learners of English it is sometimes difficult to know whether to use any- or every-.If we are referring to any person or thing from a group, we need to use any-. To help us remember this rule, we can imagine various people or things and put an or in between them.

Example: Anyone could help me: the man or the woman or the child or the old lady. I will do anything if you help me: I will give you money or I will help you do the washing up or I will go to the cinema with you or anything you want.

However, if we truly mean every single individual or the entire group together, we have to use every-. To help us remember this rule, we can imagine various people or things and put an and in between them.

Example: Everyone has disappeared: the man and the woman and the child and the old lady.

I will do everything if you help me: I will give you money and I will help you do the washing up and I will go to the cinema with you and everything else you want.

Indefinite pronouns + theyThe indefinite pronouns that end in body/one indicate a person. If this indefinite pronoun is replaced in another situation by a personal pronoun or a possessive pronoun, then we use that pronoun in the third person plural.

Example: I would really like to ask someone if they know the way. Everybody should know their way home.

The indefinite pronouns that end in thing, however, do not refer to people and are therefore replaced with the pronoun it.

Example: Nothing looks the way it used to.

Exercises - Indefinite Pronouns - Exercises

Carefully read the dialogue and then type in the correct indefinite pronouns. Nicole is preparing her birthday party. Because she has to organise the party herself, she has asked all her friends to help her before the party begins.

Nicole: Okay, let's get started. I hope we can get ______________ ready in time.

______________ has to blow up all the balloons. Did ______________

bring any more balloons?

Chris: Can ______________ help me carry the table into the garden?

Nicole: Are we missing ______________ ? Because the shops are still open and if there is

______________ missing, I could go and buy it. Claire: No, I think we’ve got ______________.

Nicole: Was that the doorbell? Is ______________ at the door? Can you have a look, Jim?

Jim: No, there is ______________ there.

Nicole: OK, so we still have some time before ______________ else arrives.I just hope we didn’t forget ______________.

Jane: No, Nicole, there is ______________ you need to worry about.

______________ is all right. It’s going to be a great birthday party!

Jim: I am sure we have prepared ______________ now. Would ______________

like a drink?

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Prepositions in English

Prepositions are little words (at, in, to) that usually come before a noun (and sometimes also before a verb, if it’s a gerund).

ExampleThe weather was so nice on Tuesday that Mr Norris decided to leave his car at the car park and walk home after work.

Even advanced learners of English often have trouble with prepositions, because you can’t translate them one-to-one from your native language.

To learn the correct usage of prepositions, all you can do is look them up in a dictionary, read a lot in English, and learn important prepositional phrases by heart.In the following table we present some rules for commonly-used prepositions:

Prepositions of Time

English Deutsch Usage Example

on am weekdays on Monday

in

imam–in

months/seasons a section of the day specific years certain future times (when?)

in August / in winter in the morning in 2006 in an hour

atinamum

repeated sections of time: nights, days... referring to the weekend certain times (when?)

at night at the weekend at half past nine

since seit starting at a certain point in the past since 1980

for seit during a certain period of time for 2 years

ago vor a certain time or date in the past 2 years ago

before vor before a certain time or date in the past before 2004

to vor for times of day (on the clock) ten to six (5:50)

past nach for times of day (on the clock) ten past six (6:10)

to/till/until bis from ... to ... from Monday to/till Friday

till/until bis in the sense of how much longer something will last

He is on holiday until Friday.

by bis in the sense of at the latest before/up until a certain point in time

I will be back by 6 o’clock. By 11 o’clock, I had read five

pages.

Prepositions of Place (Position and Direction)

English Usage Example

in

room, building, street, town, country book, newspaper, etc. car, taxi picture, world

in the kitchen, in London in the book in the car, in a taxi in the picture, in the world

at in the sense of next to, in front of, by sitting at a table (for a meal)

at the door, at the station at the table

English Usage Example

at an event a place where people do a certain activity

(see films, learn, work)

at a concert, at the party at the cinema, at school, at work

on attached located by a river on a flat surface on a side (left, right) on a floor/storey (of a building) public transportation television, radio

the picture on the wall London lies on the Thames. on the table on the left on the first floor on the bus, on a plane on TV, on the radio

by, next to, beside

located very close to Jane is standing by/next to/beside the car.

in front of located directly before/in front of There are two men in front of the house.

behind located directly behind Behind the house there is a beautiful garden.

under under something, but on a floor/surface The bag is under the table.

below under something, but above the floor/surface

The fish are below the surface.

over

when something else is covered in the sense of more than to get to the other side (also across) to cross a high obstacle

Put on a jacket over your shirt! over 16 years of age to walk over a bridge to climb over a wall

above higher than something else, but not directly over it

a path above the lake

across to get to the other side (also over) to walk across a bridge to swim across a lake

through edges above, below, and on both sides to drive through a tunnel

to to a person, to a building to a place, to a country to bed

to go to the cinema to go to London/Ireland to go to bed

into to enter a room or a building to go into the kitchen/house

towards in the direction of something (but not all the way there)

to go 5 steps towards the house

onto up on to something to jump onto the table

from from/out of a place a flower from the garden

Other Important Prepositions

English Deutsch Usage Example

from von the person bringing it is mentioned a present from Jane

of von equivalent to the genitive case a page of the book

by von the creator, author, etc. a book by Mark Twain

on zuin

to travel (foot, horse) to enter public transportation

on foot, on horseback get on the bus

English Deutsch Usage Example

in in to enter a car/taxi get in the car

off aus to exit public transportation get off the train

out of aus to exit a car/taxi get out of the taxi

byummit

increase/climb, decrease/sinking travel in a vehicle

prices have risen by 10 percent

by car, by bus

at mit for ages she learned Russian at 45

about über for subjects, in the sense of about what

we were talking about you

Exercises

Look at the picture above, and type the correct prepositions into the spaces.

1. Ian lives ______________ a small house.

2. He has been living here ______________ 2005.

3. ______________ his house, there is a hotel.

4. It was built three years______________ ______________ Ian’s uncle, who is an architect.

5. ______________ the hotel there is a bus stop.

6. The people staying ______________ the hotel can get ______________

the bus here to go ______________ the city centre.

7. When they come back, they can get ______________ the bus ______________

the other side ______________ the street.

8. ______________ winter, Ian also goes ______________ bus quite often.

9. He only uses his car ______________ the weekends or when he goes shopping

______________ Thursdays.

10. ______________ his workplace, where has been working ______________

four years, he usually goes ______________ foot.

in

since

(Next to|Beside|B

by

In front of

(in|at) on

to

off

of

In by

at

on

To

for on

11. It’s only about 10 minutes ______________ his home.

from

Personal PronounsComplete the sentences with the correct subject-pronouns.

1. I want to cook dinner for my family tonight.2. Joe bumped into Hailey and Kylie in the mall today. He asked them if they wanted to go dancing

tonight.3. My brother and I love to play football. We play five times a week.4. Do you like to play football?5. She prefers to play basketball.

Replace the subject-pronouns with the correct object-pronouns.1. The last piece of chocolate is for you.2. These maths exercises are too difficult for me.3. We are moving tomorrow. Can you help us?4. Sally’s favourite book is “Treasure Island.” Can you read it to her ?5. Today, Jim saw two elderly ladies struggling with their heavy shopping bags. So he went to help

them.Choose the correct personal pronoun. Decide if the sentence needs a subject-pronoun or an object-pronoun.

1. Josh likes to play football, so his parents gave him a brand new football for his birthday.2. Tim lives next door to Josh. Often they play football together.3. Charlotte loves her grandmother very much. She wants to visit her tomorrow.4. My family and I like to swim. In the summer we go to the beach most weekends.5. Last night I watched a scary film alone. It really scared me.

Possessive Pronouns – mixed exercise Replace the subject-pronouns with the correct possessive pronouns.

1. I have lost my keys.2. Did you brush your teeth?3. Alex and Lucy like to ride their bikes.4. Claire is looking for her favourite top.5. We would like to sit at our usual table please.

Replace the subject pronoun with the correct independent possessive pronoun.1. Colin bought a new car yesterday. It’s his now.2. It seems that we have the same jacket. Is this mine?3. I parked my car right outside. Where did you park yours?4. I can’t find Sue and Peter’s house. Which one is theirs?5. In the cinema: “We are looking for our seats. Are these ours?”

Choose the correct possessive pronoun. Decide if you need an independent or a dependent possessive pronoun.

1. This is my brother Daniel.2. Steve has got a new computer. It’s his.3. I haven’t seen Kate and David’s children for years. Which ones are theirs?4. My brother Stan and I like to play hide and seek. The cupboard under the stairs is our favourite

hiding place.5. Lily’s dad often helps her younger sister with her homework. Today Lily asked him if he could

help her with hers too.

Reflexive PronounsType in the correct reflexive pronoun.

1. I don’t need any help. I can do it myself.2. Edwin fixed his bike all by himself.3. Beth and Chris got a little lost one day on their way back from school. But they found the right

way home all by themselves.4. Olivia got a very good mark on her English test. She was very pleased with herself.5. We had to ask ourselves if this was the right thing to do.

Type in the correct reflexive pronoun.1. The teacher said to the class: “I would like you to do the exercises yourselves.”2. There’s no need to shut the garage gate. It does that all by itself.3. Catherine and Abby are sisters. Yesterday, they made their lunchboxes themselves.4. Tim’s mum said to him: “I won’t help you to clean your room this time. You have to do it

yourself.”5. At the wedding reception, there was a buffet where we could just help ourselves.

Choose the correct reflexive pronoun.1. Mr. Jones said to his wife: “No need to call the plumber darling, I can fix the tap myself.”2. When she was five years old, Mary taught herself to ride a bicycle.3. The teacher said to the class: “For the next five minutes, you are free to talk amongst

yourselves.”4. Because David and Simon studied a lot for their biology test tomorrow, they are feeling confident

in themselves.5. The computer keeps turning itself off and I don’t know why!

Relative PronounsType in the correct relative pronoun.

1. The man who came first in the 100-metre race broke the world record.2. At the zoo, there is a parrot which can talk to the people.3. Do you know the woman whose son is a famous actor?4. I really like the suit that you bought for the wedding!5. It was my brother whom I entrusted with looking after my baby.

Type in the correct relative pronoun.1. Did you see the car that was driving much too fast?2. It was very sad to see the bird whose wing was broken.3. Today, I saw the woman who always helps grandma with her shopping.4. Do you like the new plants which I bought for the living room?5. I was offered a job by the manager of the company, who I met at the interview.

Choose the correct relative pronoun.1. Look at that dog which is chasing its own tail!2. Becky and Amy are two sisters whose faces look very much alike.3. This is the newest phone that you can buy in the shops.4. Harriet Shaw was the name of the girl whom he wanted to give a valentine’s present to.5. I need someone who can fix my washing machine.

Demonstrative PronounsChoose the correct demonstrative pronoun.

1. I really like this restaurant!2. I prefer these glasses to those ones over there.3. This chair is a lot more comfortable than that one.4. Would you rather have these strawberries or those peaches?5. For the price of this video game you can buy three of those classic boardgames.

Choose the correct demonstrative pronoun.1. I hope that this summer will be nicer than those weeks of rain we had last year.2. Those boys over there challenged these boys here to a football match.3. I like this film a lot more than that one they showed last week.4. You can’t compare those football teams from the fifties and sixties to these teams of today.5. This meal tastes so much better than that one we had two weeks ago.

Indefinite PronounsCarefully read the dialogue and then type in the correct indefinite pronouns. Nicole is preparing her birthday party. Because she has to organise the party herself, she has asked all her friends to help her before the party begins.

Nicole: Okay, let's get started. I hope we can get everything ready in time.Somebody has to blow up all the balloons. Did anybody bring any more balloons?

Chris: Can someone help me carry the table into the garden? Nicole: Are we missing anything?

Because the shops are still open and if there is something missing, I could go and buy it. Claire: No, I think we’ve got everything. Nicole: Was that the doorbell? Is somebody at the door? Can you have a look, Jim? Jim: No, there is nobody there. Nicole: OK, so we still have some time before everyone else arrives.

I just hope we didn’t forget anything. Jane: No, Nicole, there is nothing you need to worry about.

Everything is all right. It’s going to be a great birthday party! Jim: I am sure we have prepared everything now. Would anybody like a drink?

Prepositions – Exercises

Look at the picture above, and type the correct prepositions into the spaces.

1. Ian lives in a small house.2. He has been living here since 2005.3. Next to his house, there is a hotel.4. It was built three years ago by Ian’s uncle, who is an architect.5. In front of the hotel there is a bus stop.6. The people staying in the hotel can get on the bus here to go to the city centre.7. When they come back, they can get off the bus on the other side of the street.8. In winter, Ian also goes by bus quite often.9. He only uses his car at the weekends or when he goes shopping on Thursdays.10. To his workplace, where has been working for four years, he usually goes on foot.11. It’s only about 10 minutes from his home.