EXECUTIVE SUMMARY c-791 draft EIAkspcb.kar.nic.in/PH/Kundapur EXECUTIVE SUMMARY - Draft EIA.pdf ·...

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Vol. IV: I Draft EIA Report Up gradation of existing 2 lane to 4/6 laningof Goa-Karnataka Border (Km 93.700) to Kundapur (Km 283.300) section of NH – 66 (formerly NH-17) in the State of Karnataka ES-i NHAI EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 1.0 Introduction The Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) Report for the proposed improvements to the Project Road from Goa-Karnataka Border to Kundapur (from existing Km 93.700 to Km 283.300) has been prepared according to the World Bank Policies as well as the structure of the EIA Report presented in the EIA Notification, 2009 by Ministry of Environment and Forests, Government of India. The EIA is based on detailed field reconnaissance surveys, inventories and available secondary information. The existing 2-lane National Highway No. 66 (formerly NH-17) starts from Panvel in Maharashtra and passes through Karnataka on west coast before reaching to Edapally (near Cochin) in Kerala. The project road starts from Goa - Karnataka border (km 93.700) and ends at Kundapur (km 283.300).The total length of project road is 189.600 km based on existing km stones. The project highway alignment is located between Arabian Sea coast and Western ghats in Karnataka. At few stretches the highway is close to the Arabian Sea (within 500m). The project road passes towards South from Goa-Karnataka border through number of congested towns/villages viz Karwar (km 106.700), Karwar port (km 108.800), Navy’s Sea bird project, Amadalli (km 124.000), Kumata (km 174.400), Haladipura (km 186.600), Honnavara (km 194.500), Kasarakod (km 197.850), Shirali (km 227.450), Bhatkal (km 232.350), Shirur (km.245.000), Byndur (km.250.000), Maravanthe (km. 266.000), Tallur (km.279.500)and other villages in Karawar and Udupi districts before reaching Kundapur (Km 283.300). A location map of project road is enclosed. Design length of project road after improvement proposals is 187.240 km length as against 189.600 km of original length. The project road from km 93.700 to km 283.300 is part of NH: 66 (formerly NH-17) and length is 189.600 km along existing alignment. The alignment of highway passes through Plain terrain approx. for 100km length, rolling terrain for 46 km length and Mountainous terrain for 44 km length. The highway traverses through 36 nos. of major congested villages/towns before reaching Kundapur. Generally the existing road is on 0.5 to 3m embankment except at approaches to major bridges, where it is upto 10m. The existing 2- lane highway has number of sharp horizontal curves at number of locations and the gradient generally not satisfies the requirements of IRC: 73. The existing 2-lane carriageway width is 7.0m and at built-up section it is 10.0m. The condition of the existing pavement varies from poor to good. There are 660 nos. of CD structures present in 189.600 km stretch of project road. These include 13 nos. major bridges, 41 nos. minor bridges and 606 nos. culverts. Out of 13 major bridges, one major bridge located @ km 196.200 (across Sharavati River) is retrofitted. Existing major/minor bridges and culverts are of 2-lane width.

Transcript of EXECUTIVE SUMMARY c-791 draft EIAkspcb.kar.nic.in/PH/Kundapur EXECUTIVE SUMMARY - Draft EIA.pdf ·...

Page 1: EXECUTIVE SUMMARY c-791 draft EIAkspcb.kar.nic.in/PH/Kundapur EXECUTIVE SUMMARY - Draft EIA.pdf · EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 1.0 Introduction ... construction activities within 500 m, ...

Vol. IV: I Draft EIA Report Up gradation of existing 2 lane to 4/6 laningof Goa-Karnataka Border (Km

93.700) to Kundapur (Km 283.300) section of NH – 66 (formerly NH-17) in

the State of Karnataka

ES-i NHAI

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

1.0 Introduction

The Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) Report for the proposed improvements to the

Project Road from Goa-Karnataka Border to Kundapur (from existing Km 93.700 to Km

283.300) has been prepared according to the World Bank Policies as well as the structure of

the EIA Report presented in the EIA Notification, 2009 by Ministry of Environment and

Forests, Government of India. The EIA is based on detailed field reconnaissance surveys,

inventories and available secondary information.

The existing 2-lane National Highway No. 66 (formerly NH-17) starts from Panvel in

Maharashtra and passes through Karnataka on west coast before reaching to Edapally (near

Cochin) in Kerala. The project road starts from Goa - Karnataka border (km 93.700) and

ends at Kundapur (km 283.300).The total length of project road is 189.600 km based on

existing km stones. The project highway alignment is located between Arabian Sea coast

and Western ghats in Karnataka. At few stretches the highway is close to the Arabian Sea

(within 500m). The project road passes towards South from Goa-Karnataka border through

number of congested towns/villages viz Karwar (km 106.700), Karwar port (km 108.800),

Navy’s Sea bird project, Amadalli (km 124.000), Kumata (km 174.400), Haladipura (km

186.600), Honnavara (km 194.500), Kasarakod (km 197.850), Shirali (km 227.450), Bhatkal

(km 232.350), Shirur (km.245.000), Byndur (km.250.000), Maravanthe (km. 266.000), Tallur

(km.279.500)and other villages in Karawar and Udupi districts before reaching Kundapur

(Km 283.300). A location map of project road is enclosed. Design length of project road

after improvement proposals is 187.240 km length as against 189.600 km of original length.

The project road from km 93.700 to km 283.300 is part of NH: 66 (formerly NH-17) and

length is 189.600 km along existing alignment. The alignment of highway passes through

Plain terrain approx. for 100km length, rolling terrain for 46 km length and Mountainous

terrain for 44 km length. The highway traverses through 36 nos. of major congested

villages/towns before reaching Kundapur. Generally the existing road is on 0.5 to 3m

embankment except at approaches to major bridges, where it is upto 10m. The existing 2-

lane highway has number of sharp horizontal curves at number of locations and the gradient

generally not satisfies the requirements of IRC: 73. The existing 2-lane carriageway width is

7.0m and at built-up section it is 10.0m. The condition of the existing pavement varies from

poor to good.

There are 660 nos. of CD structures present in 189.600 km stretch of project road. These

include 13 nos. major bridges, 41 nos. minor bridges and 606 nos. culverts. Out of 13 major

bridges, one major bridge located @ km 196.200 (across Sharavati River) is retrofitted.

Existing major/minor bridges and culverts are of 2-lane width.

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Vol. IV: I Draft EIA Report Up gradation of existing 2 lane to 4/6 laningof Goa-Karnataka Border (Km

93.700) to Kundapur (Km 283.300) section of NH – 66 (formerly NH-17) in

the State of Karnataka

ES-ii NHAI

Right–of–Way along the project road varies from approx 11 m in mountainous terrain to

approx 51 m in plain terrain. Traffic on this section of NH: 66 (formerly NH-17) is of mixed

type. There are 15 major junctions and 87 no.s number of cross roads.

The following stretches are close to Arabian Sea.

Table 1.0: Stretches of the alignment close to Arabian Sea

• Stretches of NH:66 on Banks of rivers

Existing alignment runs on banks of 3 rivers. The details are given in Table

below.

Table 2.0: Stretches of the alignment on Banks of Rivers

Approx. Location Sl. No Name of River

From, km To, km

Length,

km River on

1. Gangolli River 150.000 151.500 1.500 RHS

2. Aghanasini 172.400 172.700 0.300 RHS

3. Kollur River 268.800 269.400 0.600 LHS

• Trees

As project road alignment located close to the Western Ghats, large numbers

of trees of different species and girth are present along the highway.

• Forest Land

The project road alignment runs in rolling and Mountainous terrain at

number of stretches. Forest land is present for approx. length of 37.75 km on

LHS and 31.88 km on RHS.

Approx. Location Sl.

No Name of Place

From, km To, km

Length,

km Sea Side

1. Near Karwar port 106.700 108.500 1.800 RHS

2. Maravante 269.000 270.300 1.300 RHS

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Vol. IV: I Draft EIA Report Up gradation of existing 2 lane to 4/6 laningof Goa-Karnataka Border (Km

93.700) to Kundapur (Km 283.300) section of NH – 66 (formerly NH-17) in

the State of Karnataka

ES-iii NHAI

2.0 Permission from Central Government Organizations

• Indian Navy :

Sea Bird project has acquired large area of land from km 109.000 to km

133.000 close to existing project highway. Widening and provision of facilities

will require Indian Navy land at stretches.

• Indian Port Authority :

Project Road passes right in front of the Karwar port @ km 108.500. In case

widening is proposed on LHS, existing permanent structures of customs office

and port authority offices are required to be acquired.

• Coastal Regulation Zone (CRZ) Authority :

Project Road is parallel to Arabian Sea Coast line and the distance of existing

road from coast line is less than 500 m at following stretches. For any

construction activities within 500 m, CRZ authority permission is required.

Approximately 74.04 km of the project road passes along the Arabian Sea.

• Ministry of Environment and Forest (MOEF):

Project Road improvements require forest land at number of stretches.

Permission from MOEF is required.

Most of the project road stretch passes through plain terrain. Generally the land use along

the project stretch is mixed with agricultural, forest, residential and commercial.

3.0 Baseline Environmental Profile of the Project Area

3.0.1 General

The baseline environmental studies on the project influence area helps to predict the

magnitude of impacts that are likely to be caused due to the proposed improvements of the

project road. It also helps to identify critical environmental attributes required to be

monitored during and after the proposed developments. In addition to the baseline

environmental monitoring, field inspection at all the sensitive locations, collection of

secondary information for all the environmental components and discussions with the

officials, NGO’s and local public were conducted by the Consultants to prepare the baseline

environmental profile of the project area. Baseline environmental monitoring was

conducted in March-May 2012.

3.0.1 Physiography

The project stretch of National Highway 66 (Formerly NH-17) area lies mainly over the

Western Ghat and Karnataka Coastal region which is a narrow coastal strip to the west

abutting the Arabian Sea with beaches, estuaries, mangrove forests and lowland evergreen

and semi evergreen forests. The project section starts from existing chainage Km 93.700 of

NH-66 (formerly NH-17) at the boundary of Goa- Karnataka with an altitude of 44 m above

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Vol. IV: I Draft EIA Report Up gradation of existing 2 lane to 4/6 laningof Goa-Karnataka Border (Km

93.700) to Kundapur (Km 283.300) section of NH – 66 (formerly NH-17) in

the State of Karnataka

ES-iv NHAI

mean sea level and terminates at Kundapura at chainage Km 283.300 which lies on an

altitude of 8 m above mean sea level. The project stretch extends between longitude 74o8’

East to 74o42’ East and Latitude 14

o 48’ North to 13

o38’ North. The project stretch traverses

through undulating to plain terrain. The topography shows a general slope matching with

the country slopes mainly from east top west side. The project area lies over Karnataka

Coastal Region, which extends between the Western Ghats, edge of the Karnataka Plateau

in the east and the Arabian Sea in the West. The project stretch falls under the

administrative limits of Udupi and Uttara Kannada districts of Karnataka state. The

proposed project road traverses through all types of terrain patterns viz… plain, rolling and

hilly terrains. The maximum stretch of the project road i.e. for about 100.0 Km passes

through plain terrain, 46 km length in rolling terrain and 44 km in mountainous terrain.

3.0.2 Topography

The topography of the project area is mostly characterised by rolling to hilly terrain. The

terrain of the project area is classified by general slope of the country across the highway

alignment the topography shows a general slope towards West/Northwest as well as south

directions. The project stretch passes through plain terrain from Km 93.700 to Km 107.000,

Km 135.450 to km 147.000, km 216.000 to km 238.000, Km 244.800 to Km 271.000 and

from Km 279.200 to Km 287.000 hilly terrain from km 107.000 to km 114.100, 124.850 to

km 130.140 and from Km 200.000 to 210.000. Rolling and hilly terrain from km 130.600 to

km 135.000, Km 148.000 to Km 154.000, Km 160.000 to Km 191.000, Km 211.000 to Km

214.000, Km 239.000 to Km 244.000, Km 271.630 to km 279.000

3.0.3 Geology and Soil

The major portion of the project area is in West coast plains, which lies between the

Western Ghats and the Arabian Sea from Karwar in the north to a width ranging from 30 to

60 km. The underlying geological formation of the project area is of archaic origin and

consists of metamorphic schist and crystalline gneiss with granite and quartzes phyllites and

charnockites out crops. Generally, laterite rock become apparent on hot, open and exposed

localities, whereas on the moist cool slopes, gneissic soil or red loam is more common. The

older metamorphic rocks constitute mainly the Dharwars and these are represented by the

banded, ferruginous quartzites and by the talc and hornblende schist. The soil in the study

area is of Lateritic type characterized by high iron and aluminum content. Rock outcrops can

be observed intermittently all along the project stretch.

The soils of the project area is of mostly of recent and sub-recent origin; and derived from

laterite and trap formations and are mostly medium type with respect to nutrient status.

The soils of the project area are generally, red gravelly clay soils, Coastal alluvial and Coastal

Laterite soils. These soils are deep, well drained to excessively drained, dark brown to

yellowish red and dark reddish brown sandy clay loam to clay loam surface soils and sandy

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Vol. IV: I Draft EIA Report Up gradation of existing 2 lane to 4/6 laningof Goa-Karnataka Border (Km

93.700) to Kundapur (Km 283.300) section of NH – 66 (formerly NH-17) in

the State of Karnataka

ES-v NHAI

clay to clay subsurface soils, moderately to severely eroded with surface crusting. Soil is in

general slight acidic rich in nitrogen, deficient in phosphorus with low to medium potassium

content. The soils of are suitable mainly for rice, sugarcane, groundnuts, coconuts etc.

Recent alluvial deposits are found in river and stream valleys and in coastal areas of the

state. The Coastal soils are of two types, namely coastal lateritic soils and coastal alluvial

soils.

The Coastal laterite soils are found on laterite plateau and dissected uplands. These soils

have formed in sub-humid environment under high temperature and high rainfall condition

and have developed on gneisses and warkali sediments. They are moderately deep to deep,

well drained to excessively drained and dark brown to yellowish red, dark reddish brown to

dark red in colour, with clay dominated by kaolinite, associated with iron gravel. They are

strongly acidic or moderately acidic and have low to medium AWC (<50-100mm), medium

to high organic carbon, low or medium CEC and low base saturation. They are high in

available N and low in available P and K. They are subject to surface crusting and have low

fertility status, moderate to severe erosion problems.

The Coastal Marine Alluvial Soils are formed due to deposition of soil materials in the valleys

after transported form the Western Ghats. These soils are deep, imperfectly drained to

poorly drained and pale brown to dark yellowish brown in colour, and have sandy, loamy

sand, loam and clay surface soil and sand to loam sub-soil. They are strongly acidic to

moderately alkaline in reaction and low to medium AWC (<50-100mm); organic carbon

content is low in sandy soils but high in loam and clay soils, the soils have high CEC and high

base saturation, and are low to high in available N, and low in available K. They are

vulnerable to drainage problem and flooding. The sandy texture is a drawback.

3.0.4 Seismology:

The entire stretch of the project road falls under the seismic zone III as defined by the Indian

Standard (IS) 2002 seismic zoning classification system, i.e. a zone of relative stability. The

horizontal seismic coefficient for zone III is 0.04 measured on a scale from II to V where zone

II is most stable and Zone V is considered to be least stable.

3.0.5 Meteorology

Climate

The entire project area belongs to climatic zone of Coastal Karnataka. The project area

experiences Tropical Monsoon climate which covers the entire coastal belt and adjoining

areas. The climate in this region is hot with excessive rainfall during the monsoon season

i.e., June to September. The winter season from January to February is followed by summer

season from March to May. The period from October to December forms the post-monsoon

season. The period from October to March, covering the post-monsoon and winter seasons,

is generally pleasant over the entire State except during a few spells of rain associated with

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Vol. IV: I Draft EIA Report Up gradation of existing 2 lane to 4/6 laningof Goa-Karnataka Border (Km

93.700) to Kundapur (Km 283.300) section of NH – 66 (formerly NH-17) in

the State of Karnataka

ES-vi NHAI

north-east monsoon which affects the south-eastern parts of the State during October to

December.

The months April and May are hot, very dry and generally uncomfortable. Weather tends to

be oppressive during June due to high humidity and temperature. The next three months

(July, August and September) are somewhat comfortable due to reduced day temperature

although the humidity continue to be very high.

Temperature

Being located on the coast, seasonal temperature variations in the study area are small. The

month of April and May are usually the hottest month of the year. While maximum

temperature remains around 32.70

C and minimum stays at around 290 C. Night

temperatures move down to about 21.4o C .

Rainfall

The project area, receives high amount of rainfall from South-West Monsoon owing to its

coastal location and being situated close to the Westerns Ghats. The average annual rainfall

of the area is 4119 mm in the district of Uttar Kannada whereas in Udupi District average

annual rain fall is 2835 mm against the state average of 1139 mm. The normal rainy days

vary between 105 days to 112 days in the different areas of project locations. Fig 9.4

indicates the monthwise normal rainfall in Uttar Kannada and Udupi district. The analysis of

month wise rainfall data indicates that almost 78 percent of the total annual rainfall is

received during the Southwest monsoon season between June to September in both the

districts. More importantly, the months of June and July alone receives more than 58

percent of total annual rainfall. The period of December to April may be considered as dry

season during which the area receives few spells of rain amounting just 1.6 percent of the

total annual rainfall.

Humidity

The climate of the study area is marked by high humidity and oppressive weather in hot

season. Morning monthly mean relative humidity ranges from 73 percent to as high as 90

percent in Karwar and the evening relative humidity ranges from 63 percent to 86 percent.

Comparatively Honnavar Town shows higher variation of relative humidity which ranges

from 64 percent to 92 percent during morning hours whereas the same varies from 58

percent to 86 percent during evening hours.

Wind Speed and Wind Direction

The winds are strong and mainly western and south- westerly in southwest monsoon

months. For rest of the year, winds are mainly from north and east in the forenoons and

westerly and north –westerly in afternoons. Most of the period the wind speed is moderate

in Honnavar except for few days when area experiences high winds of more than 20 km/h

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Vol. IV: I Draft EIA Report Up gradation of existing 2 lane to 4/6 laningof Goa-Karnataka Border (Km

93.700) to Kundapur (Km 283.300) section of NH – 66 (formerly NH-17) in

the State of Karnataka

ES-vii NHAI

during the months of May, June and July whereas in Karwar the high wind speed is more

frequent than Honnavar. The area experiences higher wind speed during afternoon. The

winds in the range of 5.9 kmph to 9.5 kmph are more frequent in Honnavar Whereas the

same varies mostly between 5.3 kmph to 15.6 kmph in Karwar town. In general the project

area experiences predominant SW winds during monsoon season and occasionally it is

under the influence of cyclonic winds. However, the local influence of sea & land breeze

phenomena is also significant at the project area.

3.0.7 Hydrology

The project alignment is passing/abutting several water bodies such as Rivers, Nalas,

Irrigation canals, lakes, ponds, wells, hand pumps, deep tube wells and over head tanks

(OHT). The project road is crossing the Aghanashini River, Sharavathi River and Souparnika

River respectively. Other than these, at 39 locations the project road is passing through

streams/canals (and requires construction of minor bridges). And 141 culverts also exist

along the project road.

3.0.8 Ambient Air Quality

The baseline status of ambient air quality has been established through a scientifically

designed network of Ambient Air Quality Monitoring (AAQM) stations set up at 6 locations

along the project road representing different conditions like rural, urban, residential

commercial and industrial areas. The monitoring was done for 24 hrs for one week. The

results show that all the ambient air quality parameters are well within the revised NAAQ

Standards at all the locations. There are no major air polluting sources in the project area

and generally the air quality of the area is found to be good.

3.0.9 Surface and Ground Water Quality

Water samples were collected from eight locations along the project road. Out of these

surface water samples drawn from 4 locations and ground water sample drawn from 4

locations. The analysis reports were compared with the relevant standards; IS: 10500 for

ground water and IS: 2296 for surface water samples. It was found that all important

parameters were falling within the prescribed limit.

3.0.10 Noise Levels

Out of the 6 locations where noise level has been monitored, three represent residential

areas and one each location represents silence, commercial and industrial area. Day time

noise level in all the locations exceeds the prescribed limits of CPCB standards. In all

locations noise level exceeds the prescribed limit for night time.

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Vol. IV: I Draft EIA Report Up gradation of existing 2 lane to 4/6 laningof Goa-Karnataka Border (Km

93.700) to Kundapur (Km 283.300) section of NH – 66 (formerly NH-17) in

the State of Karnataka

ES-viii NHAI

3.0.9 Flora and Fauna

Flora: Inventory of trees along the project road was carried out. Approx. 23491 trees of

different girth and species are present within the impact corridor of 60m from centre line of

existing highway. Cashew nut farms are present close to the vicinity of the project road.

Acacia arabica (Babul) is the most widely distributed tree along the project road, followed

by Tectona grandis (Teak), Azadirachta indica (Neem), Eucalyptus globulus (Eucalyptus),

Ficus religiosa (Peepal tree), and Dalbergia sissoo (Indian Rose wood tree) at the top

positions in the order of spatial distribution along the project road.

Fauna: Cattle, buffaloes, sheep and goats are the common livestock found in these districts

apart from poultry birds.

3.0.10 Eco-sensitive issues

Base line data collected after field reconnaissance critical issues are identified for further

study during environmental impact assessment and to evaluate mitigation measures. The

likely environmental impact to the environment include soil erosion, Forests, road side

vegetation, sea and CRZ, water resources, Defence area (sea bird – Navy project), port,

religious centers, Mangrove forest etc.

Forests and Protected Areas

The project road passes through Reserved and Protected Forests at several locations. The

forest maps of the project road were collected from I.T. Department, Karnataka State Forest

Department to identify the affected forest land due to proposed project improvements.

During design stage, at many locations diversion of forest land is avoided to minimise the

impact on forests biota. Further, at some locations where forests present on both sides, the

design RoW is restricted to 30 m. Total forest land to be diverted for the proposed project is

estimated to 146.0Ha. Teak trees are predominately planted in the Reserve forest areas.

Animals such as Cheetah, Sambar, Nilgai, Wild dogs, Gaur, Sloth beer, jackals, fruit eating

bats, mongoose and hare; reptiles such as rat snakes, cobra and turtles; and birds like

peacocks, mynah, bulbul, kites and pigeon were also found in the forest areas of these

districts.

No Protected area such as National park or Wildlife sanctuary was observed within 10 km

distance from the project road.

Mangrove forests

Mangrove forests are present at 13 locations along the existing ROW. The river with

mangrove is declared as CRZ-1.

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Vol. IV: I Draft EIA Report Up gradation of existing 2 lane to 4/6 laningof Goa-Karnataka Border (Km

93.700) to Kundapur (Km 283.300) section of NH – 66 (formerly NH-17) in

the State of Karnataka

ES-ix NHAI

Patches of reserved Forest area are present on the project road. This needs further study in

coordinate with Forest department and Revenue department.

There are 13 major bridges constructed across rivers/streams flowing towards west the

water bodies supporting mangroves are considered critical as these are of ecological

importance. These water bodies located likely to be affected during construction and may

suffer from risk of contamination and therefore such sections are ranked as high sensitive

zones.

Coastal Zone

The existing highway section falls under CRZ-1, CRZ-II and CRZ-III. The rivers which support

mangroves come under CRZ-1. Karwar section of highway from Km. 103.00 to Km. 110.00

falls under CRZ-II.

3.0.11 Social issues

Settlements

There are number of settlements (60 nos.) on the project road. The congested locations

include Karwar, Amadalli, Kumta, Haladipura, Honnavar, Shirali, Bhatkal and Kundapur.

Large scale acquisition of land/buildings is required at these locations which imply

Resettlement and Rehabilitation of affected families.

Religious Structures

Numbers of religious centres are located close to the highway. These structures are likely to

be affected during widening. Hot spots will have to be given due importance before

finalization of alignment to reduce affect of sentimental feelings of local residents.

Accident zones

There are number of accident zones/stretches where sharp horizontal curves are present.

These are required to be realigned / redesigned to minimize number of accident spots.

3.0.11 Land use

Land use along the road is of mixed nature with industrial, agricultural, forest and barren

land. Land use along the highway is predominantly built up and agriculture. Majority of the

land is being used for wet crops viz. Paddy. There are number of settlements all along the

road. The settlements are for Residential, Commercial, Schools, Hospitals, Petrol stations

etc. Forest patches are situated along the existing ROW at many locations. Naval base is

also a significant feature along the existing highways at Karwar. The highway encounters a

number of water bodies and it comes closer to Arabian Sea at few locations.

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Vol. IV: I Draft EIA Report Up gradation of existing 2 lane to 4/6 laningof Goa-Karnataka Border (Km

93.700) to Kundapur (Km 283.300) section of NH – 66 (formerly NH-17) in

the State of Karnataka

ES-x NHAI

4.0. Assessment of Potential Environmental Impacts

4.0.1 Potential Negative Impacts of the Project during Construction Phase

The activities during the construction phase of the project road includes leveling of site,

clearing of trees along the alignment, widening of existing road with paved shoulders,

construction of culverts and bridges, and quarry operations for the road work. Some of the

potential direct and indirect negative impacts of the project during construction phase will

be the following.

• Filling in low-laying areas for embankments of the road

• Diversion of forest areas and cutting of large number of trees

• Loss of topsoil due to clearing and grubbing of vegetation for new alignment, borrow

area and quarry operation, construction camps and material stacking yard

• Temporary impacts on flora and fauna due to the construction activities

• Temporary impact on the drainage pattern due to embankment, culvert and bridge

constructions

• Impact on traffic management system

• Increased air pollution (including dust) during project road construction

• Increased noise levels due to the movement of vehicles and construction activities

• Increased soil erosion leading to loss of top soil and pollution of surface water bodies

• Spillage of oils and other hazardous materials leading to pollution of surface and sub-

surface waters

• Pollution of rivers and canals due to construction of bridges and culverts

4.0.2 Potential Positive Impacts of the Project

The positive impacts of the project are

• Reduction in air pollution along existing road due to reduction in traffic congestion

and smooth vehicular movement

• Reduction in air and noise pollution and accidents in built up areas due to

construction of bypasses.

• Reduction in fuel consumption and travel time due to better service level of roads

• Improved safe and efficient connectivity between Uttara Kannada and Udupi

Districts.

• Generation of local employment during road construction

• Improvement of local economy and industry due to better infrastructure facilities

Page 11: EXECUTIVE SUMMARY c-791 draft EIAkspcb.kar.nic.in/PH/Kundapur EXECUTIVE SUMMARY - Draft EIA.pdf · EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 1.0 Introduction ... construction activities within 500 m, ...

Vol. IV: I Draft EIA Report Up gradation of existing 2 lane to 4/6 laningof Goa-Karnataka Border (Km

93.700) to Kundapur (Km 283.300) section of NH – 66 (formerly NH-17) in

the State of Karnataka

ES-xi NHAI

4.0.3 Potential Negative Impacts of the Project during Operation Phase

During the operational phase of the project, traffic in the project road and the average

speed of vehicles will increase. Some of the potential direct and indirect negative impacts of

the project during operation phase are the following.

• Increased noise pollution along existing road due to the vehicular movement at high

speed

• Increased air pollution along existing road due to newly introduced vehicular traffic

• Impact on natural drainage pattern of the project area

• Pollution of water bodies and impacts on its ecosystem due to hazardous chemical or

oil spillage into the canals and streams

5.0 Analysis of Alternatives

To avoid traffic through congested areas and the subsequent impacts as well as to reduce

resettlement issues, realignment options were considered. Twin tunnel was recommended

to Karwar Town and widening of the existing road was recommended to other towns viz… i)

Kumata Town, ii) from Kumta Town to Honnavar Town, iii) Haldipura Town, iv) Karki Town,

v) Honnavar Town and Kasargod Village, vi) Bhatkal Town and vii) Maravante Village.

Several alternative options have been assessed after collecting and analysing the field data.

These options have been considered based on the impacts of project improvements on the

built up areas as well as natural environment, land acquisition and overall high way design

standards stipulated for National Highways.

The widening option was finalized based on techno-feasibility as well as environmental and

social impacts. Summary of list of recommended options are presented in Table 3.0.

Page 12: EXECUTIVE SUMMARY c-791 draft EIAkspcb.kar.nic.in/PH/Kundapur EXECUTIVE SUMMARY - Draft EIA.pdf · EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 1.0 Introduction ... construction activities within 500 m, ...

Vol. IV: I Draft EIA Report Up gradation of existing 2 lane to 4/6 laningof Goa-Karnataka Border (Km

93.700) to Kundapur (Km 283.300) section of NH – 66 (formerly NH-17) in

the State of Karnataka

ES-xii NHAI

Table 3.0: Summary of Proposed Alternative Options

Existing Chainage Sl.

No.

Recommended

Option

From To

Length of

Existing Road

Bypassed

(Km)

Length of

the

tunnel/

Bypass

(Km)

Increase /

Decrease in

Length (Km)

1. Karwar

(Twin tunnel)

Km

106.900

Km

111.000

4.1 Km 2.0 Km -2.1Km

2. Karwar town

Near Patanjali

Hospital

(Widening)

Km

113.850

Km

115.400

1.55 Km 2.00 Km +0.45Km

3. Kumta town,

Alvekodi and

Handugonu

(Widening)

Km

172.800

Km

180.500

7.7 Km 6.3 Km (4.1

Km forest

land)

-1.4 Km

4. Kumta town to

Honnavar town

(Widening)

Km

169.800

Km

203.500

33.31 Km 26.85 Km -6.46 km

5. Haldipura

(Widening)

Km

186.300

Km

188.500

2.2 Km 1.9 Km &

2.2 Km

-0.300 Km & 0

Km

6. Karki

(Widening)

Km

189.500

Km

192.100

2.6 Km 1.6 Km &

2.1 km

1.0 Km & 0.5

Km

7. Honnavar town

and Kasarkod

(Widening)

Km

193.500

Km

202.700

9.2 Km 10.15 Km&

11.10 Km

+ 0.95 Km & +

1.6 Km

8. Bhatkal town

(Widening)

Km

227.000

Km

236.500

9.5 Km 10.0 Km +0.5 Km

9. Maravante

village

(Widening)

Km

267.025

Km

274.540

7.51 Km 6.25 km &

7.51 Km

- 1.26 Km &

0.0 Km

6.0 Mitigation of Impacts & Environmental Management Plan

In order to address the impacts predicted for various project activities, mitigation measures,

environmental enhancement measures, monitoring actions and a reporting schedule are

suggested in the form of an Environmental Management Plan (EMP). The EMP includes a list

of all project related activities and impacts and their mitigation measures at different stages

of project, namely, pre-construction phase, construction phase and operation Phase,

Environmental monitoring plan and a clear reporting schedule. The EMP sets a time frame

to all proposed mitigation and monitoring actions with specific responsibility assigned to the

proponents, the contractors and the regulatory agencies. The total Environmental cost for

Page 13: EXECUTIVE SUMMARY c-791 draft EIAkspcb.kar.nic.in/PH/Kundapur EXECUTIVE SUMMARY - Draft EIA.pdf · EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 1.0 Introduction ... construction activities within 500 m, ...

Vol. IV: I Draft EIA Report Up gradation of existing 2 lane to 4/6 laningof Goa-Karnataka Border (Km

93.700) to Kundapur (Km 283.300) section of NH – 66 (formerly NH-17) in

the State of Karnataka

ES-xiii NHAI

the project is INR 10,26,63,000/- (Amount in Words: Indian Rupees Ten Crores Twenty six

lakhs Sixty three thousand only)

All project-related activities, their impacts on environment and mitigation measures for the

impacts at different stages of project are presented in the Table 4.0, Table 5.0 and Table

6.0.

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Vol. IV: I Draft EIA Report Executive Summary Up gradation of existing 2 lane to 4/6 laningof Goa-Karnataka Border (Km

93.700) to Kundapur (Km 283.300) section of NH – 66 (formerly NH-17) in

the State of Karnataka

ES-xiv NHAI

Table 4.0: Environmental Management Plan for Preconstruction/Design Phase of the Project

Activity Environmental Impact Mitigation Measures Responsibility

Land Acquisition,

clearing encroachments

and R&R

Loss of buildings,

displacement of

people

• ROW has been kept minimum as 30 m along the existing road

• Compensation as per State/Central Government will be given to

the affected persons.

• The land acquisition will be in accordance with the RAP and

entitlement framework. All R&R activities shall be completed

before starting the construction.

• No major congested settlement in the project area

NGOs, PIU

Relocation of Utilities

and common property

resources (CPR)

Damage to utilities,

Inconvenience to

Public

• All the utilities and common property resources drinking water

wells, hand pumps, etc., being impacted due to the project shall

be relocated with prior consultation with the communities and

approval from the concerned Departments/Agencies before the

starting of construction work.

Contractor,

PIU

Relocation of

religious/cultural sites

Impact on

religious/cultural sites

• Widening along the existing alignment has been finalized

considering minimum damage to religious structures of different

communities

Contractor,

PIU

Removal of trees Damage to soil and

local climate; loss of

vegetation

• Alignment design considered reducing the number of trees to be

impacted through adoption of appropriate widening options.

Approximately 23,491 trees will be impacted by the project.

Debris disposal site

identification

loss of productive

lands or natural

habitats

• Selection of the disposal sites will be carried out in consultation

with the Karnataka State Pollution Control Board, Revenue

Department and Forest Department in order to ensure that no

natural drainage, productive lands or natural habitat is adversely

impacted due to disposal.

Contractor,

PIU

Establishment of Stone

Crushers, Batching

Plants, Hot-mix plants

Air, water, noise and

soil pollution

• Specifications of Stone crushers, hot mix plants and batching

plants to be established for the project shall comply with the

requirements of the relevant legislations of Karnataka

Contractor

Page 15: EXECUTIVE SUMMARY c-791 draft EIAkspcb.kar.nic.in/PH/Kundapur EXECUTIVE SUMMARY - Draft EIA.pdf · EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 1.0 Introduction ... construction activities within 500 m, ...

Vol. IV: I Draft EIA Report Executive Summary Up gradation of existing 2 lane to 4/6 laningof Goa-Karnataka Border (Km

93.700) to Kundapur (Km 283.300) section of NH – 66 (formerly NH-17) in

the State of Karnataka

ES-xv NHAI

Activity Environmental Impact Mitigation Measures Responsibility

State/Central Pollution control Board.

Selection of construction

vehicles, machinery and

equipments

Air and noise pollution • All the vehicles, machinery and equipments to be engaged for

the construction work shall be attached with the latest,

advanced pollution control measures available in the country

and those shall conform to the relevant Indian standards.

Contractor,

PIU

Materials (Sand, earth

and aggregates)

sourcing

Loss of productive

land, noise and air

pollution

• Contractor shall procure materials from licensed sources.

• Every detail (Location, ownership, agreement, redevelopment

Plan) of the material sourced shall be intimated to CSC for

periodic inspections so that appropriate measures are

implemented at site towards safe operation and minimizing

impacts.

Contractor ,

PIU

Haul roads maintenance Air and noise pollution • During the inception of the project, Contractor shall identify the

network of roads (especially the village roads) to be used for

haulage of construction materials.

• Strategy for the maintenance of identified haul road stretches is

to be prepared so that regular maintenance is carried out to

those stretches by the

• Contractor for easy plying of construction vehicles as well as the

regular local commuters.

Contractor,

CSC, PIU

Selection of Borrow

areas

Air, water and noise

pollution, loss of

productive lands

• Locations shall be selected considering minimum loss of

productive land and feasibility of restoration to productive use.

• Compliance to all the Karnataka State norms towards operation

and environmental protection of borrow areas is the sole

responsibility of the Contractor.

Contractor and

CSC

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Vol. IV: I Draft EIA Report Executive Summary Up gradation of existing 2 lane to 4/6 laningof Goa-Karnataka Border (Km

93.700) to Kundapur (Km 283.300) section of NH – 66 (formerly NH-17) in

the State of Karnataka

ES-xvi NHAI

Activity Environmental Impact Mitigation Measures Responsibility

• CSC shall inspect locations intended for operation and mitigation

measures will be instructed towards satisfactory redevelopment.

Inspection to the borrow areas will be carried out by raising

Request for Inspection (RFI) by the Contractor for each of the

borrow areas and to obtain subsequent approval from CSC.

Selection of Stone

Quarries

Air and noise pollution,

loss of productive

lands

• Contractor will identify the stone quarries in consultation with

the Mining Department. A comprehensive Quarry Management

Plan needs to be prepared incorporating Environmental and

Safety Management Plan with special emphasis to Quarry

redevelopment for approval from CSC.

Contractor

Identification of Water

Sources and Drainage

Water Pollution • Contractor will identify water sources and drainages along

existing alignment in consultation with PIU to avoid water

pollution during construction

Contractor

Table 5.0: Environmental Management Plan for construction Phase of the Project

Activity Environmental Impact Mitigation Measures Responsibility

1. Impact on Soil Quality

Removal of vegetation

cover, Excavations of

borrow pits

Increased soil erosion,

loss of top soil.

• Turfing of road embankment slopes, development of

compensatory afforestation, Borrow area rehabilitation.

• In borrow pits, the depth of the pit shall be regulated so that

the sides of the excavation will have a slope not steeper than 1

vertical to 4 horizontal from the edge of the final section of

bank

Contractor and

CSC

Page 17: EXECUTIVE SUMMARY c-791 draft EIAkspcb.kar.nic.in/PH/Kundapur EXECUTIVE SUMMARY - Draft EIA.pdf · EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 1.0 Introduction ... construction activities within 500 m, ...

Vol. IV: I Draft EIA Report Executive Summary Up gradation of existing 2 lane to 4/6 laningof Goa-Karnataka Border (Km

93.700) to Kundapur (Km 283.300) section of NH – 66 (formerly NH-17) in

the State of Karnataka

ES-xvii NHAI

Activity Environmental Impact Mitigation Measures Responsibility

• The device for checking soil erosion include the formulation of

sediment basins, slope drains etc. Such works and maintenance

thereof will be deemed as incidental to the earthwork.

• Cutting of trees shall be carried out in phases and

compensatory afforestation shall be started at the earliest with

sufficient protection measures.

Acquiring of extra RoW

and construction of

bypasses, Use of

productive lands for

storing, stock yards and

workers camp,

Borrowing of earth

Loss of productive

topsoil

• The topsoil from all areas of cutting and all areas to be

permanently covered shall be stripped to a specified depth of

150 mm and stored in stockpiles of height not exceeding 2

meters.

• The stored topsoil shall be spread back to restore the

productivity of the exhausted borrow areas. Also the

accumulated soil shall be utilized for developing median

plantation and raising turfs in the embankment slopes.

• The exhausted borrow areas shall be developed into water

bodies for local use, practicing fishery.

• Borrow areas shall be selected preferably from barren, infertile

lands.

Contractor and

CSC

Movement of Heavy

Vehicles

Compaction of

productive top soil

• Construction vehicles, machinery and equipment shall move, or

be stationed in pre-identified designated areas only.

• If operated from temporarily hired land, it will be ensured that

the topsoil for agriculture remains preserved & not get

compacted.

Contractor and

CSC

Spillage of fuel, Contamination of soil • Vehicles and machinery are maintained and refilled in such a Contractor and

Page 18: EXECUTIVE SUMMARY c-791 draft EIAkspcb.kar.nic.in/PH/Kundapur EXECUTIVE SUMMARY - Draft EIA.pdf · EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 1.0 Introduction ... construction activities within 500 m, ...

Vol. IV: I Draft EIA Report Executive Summary Up gradation of existing 2 lane to 4/6 laningof Goa-Karnataka Border (Km

93.700) to Kundapur (Km 283.300) section of NH – 66 (formerly NH-17) in

the State of Karnataka

ES-xviii NHAI

Activity Environmental Impact Mitigation Measures Responsibility

lubricants and

hazardous chemicals

and negative impact on

the growth of the floral

vegetation and faunal

distribution.

fashion that fuel spillage does not contaminate the soil.

• Fuel storage and refilling sites shall be kept away from cross

drainage structures and important water bodies.

• All spills shall be disposed off as desired and the site shall be

fully cleaned before handing over.

• Soil quality monitoring shall be conducted as per Environmental

Monitoring Plan to ascertain level of contamination.

CSC

Disposal of

construction wastes

Loss of productive lands • The construction wastes shall be dumped in selected pits,

developed on infertile land. All applicable waste disposal norms

to be followed. Waste land to be preferred for construction

debris disposal.

Contractor and

CSC

2. Impact on Water Quality

Surface runoff from the

construction site,

Dumping of

construction debris in

or nearby water bodies

Increased turbidity of

water.

Deterioration of Water

quality of community

water sources.

Adverse impact on

aquatic ecosystem.

• No labour camps, stone crushers, hot mix plants and other

heavy machinery shall be located near to water bodies. No

discharge from such establishments shall follow their path into

nearby water bodies.

• Dumping of debris in or nearby water bodies shall be strictly

avoided. Waste products shall be collected, stored and taken to

approve disposal sites as per prevailing disposal norms.

• Runoff from the construction site shall be passed through silt

traps. Pitching, stabilisation of soil and slope protection

measures shall be taken up to reduce erosion of soils.

Contractor and

CSC

Page 19: EXECUTIVE SUMMARY c-791 draft EIAkspcb.kar.nic.in/PH/Kundapur EXECUTIVE SUMMARY - Draft EIA.pdf · EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 1.0 Introduction ... construction activities within 500 m, ...

Vol. IV: I Draft EIA Report Executive Summary Up gradation of existing 2 lane to 4/6 laningof Goa-Karnataka Border (Km

93.700) to Kundapur (Km 283.300) section of NH – 66 (formerly NH-17) in

the State of Karnataka

ES-xix NHAI

Activity Environmental Impact Mitigation Measures Responsibility

• Water quality monitoring shall be conducted as per

Environmental Monitoring Plan so that appropriate measures

are taken up towards abatement of pollution.

Spillage of fuels and

lubricants, spillage of

hazardous chemicals

Deterioration of water

quality of community

water sources.

Adverse impact on

aquatic ecosystem.

• Appropriate drainage arrangements with catch drains and catch

pits designed to safely drain out the hazardous chemicals shall

be provided.

• To avoid spillage of fuel and lubricants, the vehicles and

equipment shall be properly maintained and repaired.

Maintenance shall be carried out on impervious platforms with

spill collection provisions.

• Water quality monitoring shall be conducted as per

Environmental Monitoring Plan to detect any contamination or

spillage.

Contractor and

CSC

Acquisition of water

sources like wells, tube-

wells & ponds

Loss of drinking water

and irrigation water

sources.

• Any source of water for the community such as ponds, wells,

tube-wells etc. lost incidentally shall be replaced immediately.

Contractor and

CSC

Construction of

embankments

Blocking of cross

drainage and resultant

flooding.

• Earth, stone or any other construction material shall be

properly disposed off so that the flow of water in cross drainage

channels is not blocked.

Contractor and

CSC

Absence of proper

sanitation and waste

disposal in construction

camps

Contamination of water

bodies and spreading of

water-borne diseases.

Health risk to workers &

public

• Construction laborers` camps shall be located away from the

habitation and from major water bodies. Adequate sanitary

facilities, drainage, washing and toilet facilities with septic tanks

and refuse collection and disposal shall be provided to the

workers. The provision of water supply and toilet facilities shall

be made as per the stipulated guidelines in the Indian Labour

Act.

Contractor and

CSC

Page 20: EXECUTIVE SUMMARY c-791 draft EIAkspcb.kar.nic.in/PH/Kundapur EXECUTIVE SUMMARY - Draft EIA.pdf · EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 1.0 Introduction ... construction activities within 500 m, ...

Vol. IV: I Draft EIA Report Executive Summary Up gradation of existing 2 lane to 4/6 laningof Goa-Karnataka Border (Km

93.700) to Kundapur (Km 283.300) section of NH – 66 (formerly NH-17) in

the State of Karnataka

ES-xx NHAI

Activity Environmental Impact Mitigation Measures Responsibility

• Water quality monitoring shall be conducted as per

Environmental Monitoring Plan.

Use of water for

construction from

community water

sources

Scarcity of water to the

community

• Arrangement for supply and storage of water will be made by

the contractor in such a way that the water availability and

supply to nearby communities remain unaffected. If a new

tube-well is to be bored, proper sanction and approval by

Ground Water Department is needed.

• The wastage of water during the construction shall be

minimized. In case of tapping water from community sources,

consent to be obtained from local Administration for the same.

Contractor and

CSC

Construction of

impervious bituminous

pavement and drains

Reduction in area for

ground water recharge

• Rain water harvesting pits shall be constructed at average

distance of 500m. The pits shall be at least 3 - 5 m above the

highest ground water table. The schematic diagram of Rain

water harvesting pit is presented as Annexure 9.1.

Contractor and

PIU

3. Impact on Air Quality

Gaseous emission from

construction vehicles

and machinery

Deterioration of ambient

air quality and adverse

health impacts.

• All vehicles, equipment and machinery used for construction

shall be regularly maintained to ensure that the emission levels

are as per norms of PCB. Idling of delivery trucks or other

equipment shall not be permitted during periods of unloading

or when they are not in active use.

• The human settlements shall be at least 500 m down windward

direction of Hot (asphalt) mix plant. The construction

operations during nights, especially in the winter season shall

be carried out under restricted conditions.

• Air quality monitoring shall be conducted as per Environmental

Contractor and

CSC

Page 21: EXECUTIVE SUMMARY c-791 draft EIAkspcb.kar.nic.in/PH/Kundapur EXECUTIVE SUMMARY - Draft EIA.pdf · EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 1.0 Introduction ... construction activities within 500 m, ...

Vol. IV: I Draft EIA Report Executive Summary Up gradation of existing 2 lane to 4/6 laningof Goa-Karnataka Border (Km

93.700) to Kundapur (Km 283.300) section of NH – 66 (formerly NH-17) in

the State of Karnataka

ES-xxi NHAI

Activity Environmental Impact Mitigation Measures Responsibility

Monitoring Plan to detect any deterioration in air quality due to

the construction activities.

Dust generation due to

material handling,

operation of crushers

and hot mix plants,

movement of

construction vehicles

and construction

activities

Dust emissions will have

adverse effect on the

health of construction

workers as well as the

public in the

surrounding

communities. Dust

settled on leaves may

reduce growth rate of

the plants.

• All precautions to reduce the level of dust emissions from the

hot mix plants shall be taken.

• The hot-mix plants shall be sited at least 500 m from the

nearest habitation and from major water bodies. They shall be

fitted with dust extraction units.

• Water shall be sprayed on the earth mixing sites, asphalt mixing

site and service roads.

• During sub grade construction, sprinkling of water shall be

carried out at least twice a day on a regular basis during the

entire construction period especially in the winter and summer

seasons. Special attention shall be given in the sections where

the alignment passes through sensitive areas such as schools,

hospitals and urban areas. As soon as construction is over the

surplus earth shall be utilised to fill up low-lying areas. In no

case, loose earth shall be allowed to pile up along the

alignment. Vehicles delivering material shall be covered.

• Air quality monitoring shall be conducted as per Environmental

Monitoring Plan.

Contractor and

CSC

4. Impact on Noise Quality

Noise generated from

construction vehicles,

asphalt plants and

equipments

Since the noise

generating activities are

localized and

intermittent, no serious

impact on human health

• Construction contract shall clearly specify the use of equipment

emitting noise of not greater than 90 dB (A) for the eight hour

operation shift.

• The citing of construction yards shall be done leaving at least

Contractor and

CSC

Page 22: EXECUTIVE SUMMARY c-791 draft EIAkspcb.kar.nic.in/PH/Kundapur EXECUTIVE SUMMARY - Draft EIA.pdf · EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 1.0 Introduction ... construction activities within 500 m, ...

Vol. IV: I Draft EIA Report Executive Summary Up gradation of existing 2 lane to 4/6 laningof Goa-Karnataka Border (Km

93.700) to Kundapur (Km 283.300) section of NH – 66 (formerly NH-17) in

the State of Karnataka

ES-xxii NHAI

Activity Environmental Impact Mitigation Measures Responsibility

is anticipated.

Residential areas nearby

the construction site

may experience increase

in night time ambient

noise levels.

100 m distance from any residential areas which will allow noise

to attenuate.

• The main noise producing sources such as the concrete mixers,

generators, grader etc. shall be provided with noise shields

around them. The noise shields can be any physical barriers,

which is effective in adequate attenuation of noise levels. A 3 m

high enclosure made up of brick and mud with internal

plastering of a non-reflecting surface will be very effective in

this regard.

• For protection of construction workers, earplugs shall be

provided to those working very close to the noise generating

machinery.

• At construction sites within 150 m of human settlements, noisy

construction shall be stopped between 10:00 pm and 6:00 am

• Noise level monitoring shall be conducted as per Environmental

Monitoring Plan.

5. Impact on Ecology – Flora and Fauna

Removal of trees for

widening of existing

road and construction

of bypasses.

The impact on

biodiversity will be

negligible since most of

the trees are of common

occurrence.

Loss of trees will lead to

Increase in soil erosion,

• Small trees shall be transplanted wherever possible to minimise

the impacts of loss of trees. Trees shall be removed in phases.

• Areas of tree plantation cleared will be replaced according to

Compensatory Afforestation Policy under Forest Conservation

Act-1980.

Contractor and

CSC

Page 23: EXECUTIVE SUMMARY c-791 draft EIAkspcb.kar.nic.in/PH/Kundapur EXECUTIVE SUMMARY - Draft EIA.pdf · EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 1.0 Introduction ... construction activities within 500 m, ...

Vol. IV: I Draft EIA Report Executive Summary Up gradation of existing 2 lane to 4/6 laningof Goa-Karnataka Border (Km

93.700) to Kundapur (Km 283.300) section of NH – 66 (formerly NH-17) in

the State of Karnataka

ES-xxiii NHAI

Activity Environmental Impact Mitigation Measures Responsibility

loss of shade and other

benefits of trees, and

decline in air quality

especially in market

places.

• The compensatory plantation shall be carried out in

consultation with the Karnataka State Forest Department.

Adequate care of the compensatory plantation shall be taken

up so as to achieve optimum survival rate.

• Landscaping shall be done with a lag of 3 to 4 months from the

start of the work on any section. The section shall be deemed to

be completed when the landscaping is over.

• Survival rate of plants shall be included in the contract

specifications so as to ensure that the compensatory plantation

achieves the objective of compensating lost trees.

• Indigenous and endemic tree species suitable for the area shall

be planted at the onset of monsoon season. The plants shall be

provided with adequate protection from animals and proper

monitoring shall be carried out to ensure their growth.

6. Health and Safety of Workers

Poor maintenance of

machines and vehicles,

poor light conditions at

the work place,

carelessness and poor

management of work

Accident risk to workers

from construction

activities.

• To ensure safe construction environment, lighting devices and

safety signal devices shall be installed. Traffic rules and

regulations to be strictly followed.

• Safety of workers undertaking various operations during

construction shall be ensured by providing them the helmets,

masks, safety goggles, etc.

• Regular tool talks, mock drills, training programmes shall be

organized towards educating workers towards adopting safe

working methods.

Contractor and

CSC

Page 24: EXECUTIVE SUMMARY c-791 draft EIAkspcb.kar.nic.in/PH/Kundapur EXECUTIVE SUMMARY - Draft EIA.pdf · EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 1.0 Introduction ... construction activities within 500 m, ...

Vol. IV: I Draft EIA Report Executive Summary Up gradation of existing 2 lane to 4/6 laningof Goa-Karnataka Border (Km

93.700) to Kundapur (Km 283.300) section of NH – 66 (formerly NH-17) in

the State of Karnataka

ES-xxiv NHAI

Activity Environmental Impact Mitigation Measures Responsibility

• The electrical equipment shall be checked regularly to avoid

risks to workers.

• At every work place, a readily available first aid unit including an

adequate supply of dressing materials, a mode of transport

(ambulance), nursing staff and an attending doctor shall be

provided.

Unhygienic conditions

at work place and camp

sites,

Non-availability of good

drinking water.

Health problems to

workers

• Adequate drainage, sanitation and waste disposal shall be

provided at workplaces. First Aid facility shall be made available

at each work locations.

• Periodical medical checkup facility shall be provided to all the

workers.

• At every workplace, good and sufficient water supply shall be

maintained to meet the daily chore of the residing population.

• Measures shall be implemented so that waste water is collected

in septic tanks/soak pits. No surface stagnation of water will be

allowed to avoid vector outburst.

Contractor and

CSC

7. Impact on Cultural Properties and Amenities

Construction at

culturally or

archaeologically

important locations.

Damage or loss of

cultural properties

• All necessary and adequate care shall be taken to minimise the

impact on cultural properties

• If articles such as fabrics, coins, artifacts, structures or other

geographically or archaeologically important materials are

discovered, the excavation shall be stopped and the

Archaeological Department shall be intimated.

Contractor and

CSC

Page 25: EXECUTIVE SUMMARY c-791 draft EIAkspcb.kar.nic.in/PH/Kundapur EXECUTIVE SUMMARY - Draft EIA.pdf · EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 1.0 Introduction ... construction activities within 500 m, ...

Vol. IV: I Draft EIA Report Executive Summary Up gradation of existing 2 lane to 4/6 laningof Goa-Karnataka Border (Km

93.700) to Kundapur (Km 283.300) section of NH – 66 (formerly NH-17) in

the State of Karnataka

ES-xxv NHAI

Activity Environmental Impact Mitigation Measures Responsibility

Roadside landscaping Improved aesthetics • Avenue plantation shall be carried out with foliage, shady trees

mixed with flowering trees, shrubs and scented plants as per

detailed design. Rest areas for travelers at specified chainages

to be developed with landscaping so that rest areas avail shade.

Contractor and

CSC

Improvement of

roadside amenities

Improved comfort level

of travelers

• Restoration and improvement of bus shelters, bus bays and

truck stoppage sites shall be carried out as per detailed design.

Road furniture like footpaths, railings, traffic signs etc. shall be

erected as per design.

Contractor and

CSC

Enhancement of

cultural properties

Harmony, goodwill and

coherence amongst

communities

• Enhancement of all cultural properties and access road shall be

completed as per the design

Contractor and

CSC

Table 6.0: Environmental Management Plan for Operation Phase of the Project

Activity Environmental Impact Mitigation Measures Responsibility

Improvement of road

geometry and

pavement condition

Less chances of

accidents.

Proper implementation of traffic rules will be by the traffic Police.

Proper maintenance of traffic signs and implementation of accident

care facilities along the road will be by the project implementation

agency.

Contractor, PIU

and Police

Improvement of road

surface and its

maintenance

Reduced dust generation

from road. Increased

vehicular emissions due

to increased traffic.

Proper implementation of vehicular emission control rules by the

Karnataka State Motor Vehicles Department.

Roadside tree plantation shall be restored and maintained as per the

compensatory plantation plan.

Contractor, PIU

and Motor

Vehicles

Department

Page 26: EXECUTIVE SUMMARY c-791 draft EIAkspcb.kar.nic.in/PH/Kundapur EXECUTIVE SUMMARY - Draft EIA.pdf · EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 1.0 Introduction ... construction activities within 500 m, ...

Vol. IV: I Draft EIA Report Executive Summary Up gradation of existing 2 lane to 4/6 laningof Goa-Karnataka Border (Km

93.700) to Kundapur (Km 283.300) section of NH – 66 (formerly NH-17) in

the State of Karnataka

ES-xxvi NHAI

Activity Environmental Impact Mitigation Measures Responsibility

SPM, RSPM, CO, SO2, and NOx to be monitored as per Environmental

Monitoring Plan.

Increase in traffic Increase in the ambient

noise levels, especially

during night time along

the project road.

Development of greenbelt shall comprise of selected species of trees

with high canopy along the project road for attenuation of noise.

Use of horns shall be restricted at sensitive locations like schools and

hospitals through the use of appropriate signboards along the road.

Use of air horns shall be minimized during night.

Noise barriers shall be provided along the road at sensitive locations

such as hospitals, schools, residential areas, courts etc.

Noise monitoring shall be conducted as per Environmental Monitoring

Plan.

Contractor, PIU

and Police

Increase in

embankment height

and Improvement of

flood water drains

Water logging during

monsoon will not take

place.

The cross drainage system and the flood water drains shall be

periodically cleared.

Contractor and

PIU

Compensatory

plantation

Improved biodiversity

and aesthetics

The re-plantation scheme, containing Indigenous and endemic tree

species suitable for the area, shall be strictly implemented.

Contractor and

PIU

Spillage of hazardous

chemicals due to

accidents

Soil and water bodies

nearby the accident site

may get contaminated.

Safety risk to the public

nearby the accident

area.

The rules as defined in Environmental (Protection) Act, 1986 shall be

complied

For delivery of hazardous substances, three certificates namely permit

license, driving license and guarding license issued by Transport

Department shall be maintained.

Vehicles carrying hazardous substances shall display mandatory safety

Motor Vehicles

Department,

Police

Page 27: EXECUTIVE SUMMARY c-791 draft EIAkspcb.kar.nic.in/PH/Kundapur EXECUTIVE SUMMARY - Draft EIA.pdf · EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 1.0 Introduction ... construction activities within 500 m, ...

Vol. IV: I Draft EIA Report Executive Summary Up gradation of existing 2 lane to 4/6 laningof Goa-Karnataka Border (Km

93.700) to Kundapur (Km 283.300) section of NH – 66 (formerly NH-17) in

the State of Karnataka

ES-xxvii NHAI

Activity Environmental Impact Mitigation Measures Responsibility

signs

In case of spillage, it shall be reported to relevant department and

their instructions shall be followed

Cleaning of the spills at the accidental site shall be carried out as per

regulations.

Improved safety

measures and

improved traffic

management

The chances of accidents

would be reduced

Traffic management plan shall be developed, especially for congested

locations.

Traffic control measures including speed limits shall be enforced

strictly.

RoW shall be properly marked and further encroachment of ROW shall

be strictly prevented.

Road side vendors shall be restricted to designated areas only.

PIU, Motor

Vehicles

Department

and Police

Page 28: EXECUTIVE SUMMARY c-791 draft EIAkspcb.kar.nic.in/PH/Kundapur EXECUTIVE SUMMARY - Draft EIA.pdf · EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 1.0 Introduction ... construction activities within 500 m, ...

Vol. IV: I Draft EIA Report Executive Summary Up gradation of existing 2 lane to 4/6 laningof Goa

ES-28

PROJECT LOCATION MAP