Excretory System
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Transcript of Excretory System
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Excretory System
Jason Guo, Jake George,Wei Wang,
Tucker Mosley
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Responsibilities of the Excretory System
Excretory system is a collection of passive processes that maintain homeostasis by regulating proper chemical composition by:• Removal of metabolic waste• Removal of liquid waste• Removal of gaseous waste
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The Minor Constituents
• The skin plays a minor role as an excretory function - recognized for the trace amounts of metabolic waste sweat contains.
• The lung also plays a minor role – responsible for secreting gaseous wastes from the blood.
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Process of Defecation
• Undigested solid and semisolid (or even liquid) waste material, known as feces, exit the large intestines into the rectum.
• Once enough waste builds up, the rectum contracts, expelling the waste through the anus.
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Urination
The urinary system controls urination, our body’s most active process in waste elimination. The system is composed 4 major organs:• Kidneys• Ureters• Urinary Bladder• Urethra
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Kidneys
• Filters blood, redirecting wastes as urine through the ureter and to the urinary bladder.
• Each kidney consists of millions of nephrons – the fundamental units of the kidney.
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Nephrons
• Blood enters the nephron at the Bowman’s capsule and is filtered by the glomerulus, a ball of capillaries.
• Bowman’s capsule collects filtrate, plasma forced out of the blood.
• Filtrate passes through the entire nephron becoming modified into urine.
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What is Urine?
Urine is a liquid waste that is 95% water. The remainder consists of:• Urea (majority) and uric acid• Ammonia• Hormones• Dead blood cells, • Proteins, salts, and minerals• Various Toxins.
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How Urine is Made?
• Filtration – blood is filtered through the glomerulus, allowing small substances to pass further: ions, urea, amino acids, etc.
• Reabsorption – Small solutes, necessary solutes such as water, nutrients, and salts are reabsorbed. Urine is what remains.
• Secretion – Substances including H+, potassium, and ammonium ions enter the tubules as part of urine.
• The final urine is goes to the collecting duct and into the ureters.
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Final Destination
• Urine exits the kidney into the ureters, a foot long muscular duct which bring the urine to the urinary bladder.
• Urine is collected in the hollow, muscular urinary bladder. Voluntary sphincter muscles allow passage of urine through urethra.
• Urine is finally excreted from the body through the urethra.
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