Lecture 2 - Excavation

Objectives:-

1. To learn the various levels in excavation works.2. To relate the excavation works as per clauses in SMM23. To learn the methods of measurement as per clause

D.10 – Depth classification

Outcomes:-1. Able to differentiate the different types of excavation

bases on clauses D.12.2. Able to determine the different units of measurement

based on the clauses in D10, D11 and D12.

Importance of levels

Sea level 0.00m

55.00m

20.50m

Platform levels

55.00m

23.00m18.00m

8.80m

Sea level 0.00m

Completed levels

Sea level 0.00m

8.80m

18.00m

23.00m

Now you can build

How to start excavation work?

You will be provided with information like:-

a. Drawings.

So you need to study the drawings carefully.

Exercise 150.00m

120.00m

Exercise 1

What does this drawing shows you?

1. Find out the sizes of each footing.

2. Find out the quantity of each type of footing

3. Find out the height of each footing..

Prepare a footing schedule.Types L (m) W(m

)H(m) GL

(m)TFL(m)

Lean conc

Depth of exc.

QTY.

F1 0.60 0.60 0.60 6.50 4.40 0.05 2.75 6

F2

F3

F4

Importance of this table

The table will give you all the information about the four types of footing which you need to measure item by item.

To measure excavation work we need to find he total excavation depth.

Now lets start

1. Suppose you need to do oversite excavation work to the land so as to make it flat and the soil you cut is not to be preserved for further use, find out the clause stated in SMM2 to meet this requirement.

2. Read the clause and then write down the right description.

Clause D.12.4 – Excavating to reduce level

Ground level Reduce level

150mm

What are we measuring?

We are going to measure the excavation of the top soil with a depth of 150mm.

So we need to know the length, width and depth.

Now find out from the drawing what are these dimensions.

The description for this excavation work

Excavate over site commencing from ground level with depth not exceeding 0.25m

This description refers to clause D.10 and D.12.4

Then you need to write down the dimensions in the dimension column

Next is excavation to footing

Ground level Reduce level

b

a

Find out what is b

The description for this excavation work

Excavate pit for footing commencing from reduced level with plan dimension less than 1.25m and with depth not exceeding 2.00m. ( 6 nos.)

This description refers to clause D.10 and D.12.6

Write down the dimension now for the footings.

If the plan dimension is more than 1.25m

Excavate pit for footing commencing from reduced level with depth not exceeding 2.00m. ( 6 nos.)

Your answer

Excavate pit for footing commencing from reduced level with plan dimension less than 1.25m and with depth not exceeding 2.00m. ( 6 nos.)

F1

x

y

z

F2

a

b

c

e

f

gM3 Total

Now complete the rest of the dimensions.