Exam-Style Question on Population Growth and Structure · b Study Photograph A, which shows a...

Cambridge IGCSE Geography Exam-Style Questions

Cambridge IGCSE Geography © Cambridge University Press 2015

a Study Fig. 1, which shows information about the birth and death rates of three LEDCs in Africa in 2013.

Country Birth rate (per 1000 of population)

Death rate (per 1000 of population)

Lesotho 26.3 15.2

Rwanda 36.1 9.6

Zimbabwe 32.2 12.4

Fig. 1

i What is meant by ‘Lesotho had a death rate of 15.2 per 1000’? (1)

ii Which of the three countries had the highest rate of natural population growth? Show how you worked out your answer by including your calculations. (2)

iii Give three reasons why there are still high birth rates in many LEDCs. (3)

iv Explain why death rates have fallen in most countries in the world during the last century. (4)

Exam-Style Question on Population Growth and Structure



b Study Fig. 2, which shows population pyramids for two countries, A and B.

Pyramid A Pyramid B

15 years

65 years

Fig. 2

i Which population pyramid shows the population structure of an LEDC? Give three pieces of evidence to support your answer. (3)

ii Describe the different problems faced by LEDCs and MEDCs in supporting their dependent populations. (5)



c For a named example of a country which you have studied, describe the impacts of policies used by the government to influence population growth. (7)

Name of country:

(Total 25 marks)



Exam-Style Question on Population Distribution

a Study Fig. 3, which shows world population distribution.

1 dot = 100 000 people

Fig. 3

i Define the term population distribution. (1)

ii Identify two features of world population distribution shown on Fig. 3. (2)

iii Suggest three reasons why the population of the world is not evenly distributed. (3)



iv Some parts of the world are over-populated. Explain why this causes problems. (4)

b Study Photograph A, which shows a sparsely populated area from which migration is taking place.

Photograph A

i Suggest reasons why the area shown in Photograph A is sparsely populated. (3)



ii Describe the positive and negative impacts of migration on the areas that people move from. (5)

c For a named area or country, explain why it has a high population density. (7)

Name of area or country:

(Total 25 marks)



3 a Study Fig. 4, a map which shows an area in an MEDC.

Village

Village

Village

VillageVillage

URBANAREA

RURALURBANFRINGE

R U R A L A R E A

RING ROAD

Fig. 4

i What is meant by rural area? (1)

ii Give two examples of services found in a small village. (2)

iii Describe three likely differences between services in small villages and the urban area. (3)

Exam-Style Question on Rural and Urban Settlements and Services



iv Explain why new shopping areas are located in the rural-urban fringe. (4)

b Study Photograph B, which shows part of the Central Business District (CBD) in New York, USA.

Photograph B

i Using only evidence from Photograph B, describe three features that are typical of a CBD. (3)



ii Describe the types of changes that are taking place in the CBDs of many urban areas. (5)

c For a named urban area, describe the conflicts that have resulted because of a change in land use. (7)

Name of urban area:

(Total 25 marks)



Exam-Style Question on Urbanisation

4 a Study Fig. 5, which shows cities that are expected to have a population greater than 5 million by 2025.

Dar es Salaam

Nairobi

Kinshasa

Luanda

Addis Ababa

Abidjan

Dakar

Lagos

Ibadan

Accra

Douala

Alexandria

Algiers

Casablanca

Cairo

Durban

Johannesburg

Cape Town

% increase,2012–2025 forecast

0 10080604020

Growth of African cities City populationforecasts

2010

2025

10m

2m

0mCasablanca Algiers

AlexandriaCairo

Addis Ababa

Nairobi

Dar es Salaam

Johannesburg

DurbanCape Town

Luanda

Kinshasa

Lagos

Douala

AbidjanAccra

Ibadan

Dakar

Fig. 5

i Name a city with an expected population of 10 million or more by 2025. (1)

ii Arrange the following cities in rank order according to their percentage increase in population size. Dakar Kinshasa Nairobi (2)

Highest

Lowest

iii Suggest three likely impacts of movement to these cities on the rural areas from which people have moved. (3)



iv Explain why cities, such as those shown on Fig. 5, continue to attract migrants from surrounding rural areas. (4)

b Study Fig. 6, which shows information about the world’s population who lived in urban slums between 1990 and 2010.

Source: UN HABITAT State of the World’s Cities 2010/2011

850

800

750

6001990 1995 2000 2005

Year

700

650

Glo

bal u

rban

slu

m p

opul

atio

n (in

mill

ions

)

2010

Global Urban Population Living in Slums 1990–2010

Fig. 6

i Describe the changes in the numbers of people living in urban slums (squatter settlements) between 1990 and 2010. Refer to statistics and years in your answer. (3)



ii Describe the characteristics of urban slums (squatter settlements) in LEDCs. (5)

c Describe what has been done in a named city to improve the quality of life of families living in the slums (squatter settlements). (7)

Name of city:

(Total 25 marks)

Exam-Style Question on Population Growth and Structure · b Study Photograph A, which shows a...

Documents

Transcript of Exam-Style Question on Population Growth and Structure · b Study Photograph A, which shows a...